steering LAND ROVER DEFENDER 1999 User Guide

LUBRICANTS, FLUIDS AND CAPACITIES
1
INFORMATION RECOMMENDED LUBRICANTS AND FLUIDS
All climates and conditions
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE°C
COMPONENT SPECIFICATION VISCOSITY -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50
Td5ACEA A1 5W/30, 5W/40
Engine sump and B1 5W/50
Manual gearbox Texaco MTF94
Final drive units Molytex EP90 EP90
Swivel pin housings Texaco EP00 EP00
Power steering ATF Dexron IID,
or III
Texaco cold climate
PAS fluid 14315
Transfer box Texaco Multigear 75W-90R
LT230TE
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LUBRICANTS, FLUIDS AND CAPACITIES
3
INFORMATION CAPACITIES
The following capacity figures are approximate and are provided as a guide only.
Capacities (approx.)* Litres Pints
Engine sump oil - Td5 7.20...................................................... 12.67
Extra when refilling after fitting new filter 1.00.......................... 1.76
Manual gearbox 2.38............................................................... 4.19
Transfer gearbox oil 2.30......................................................... 4.00
Front differential 1.70............................................................... 3.00
Rear differential
90 Models 1.70............................................................... 3.00
110 Models 2.26............................................................. 4.00
Power steering box and reservoir LHD 2.90............................ 5.00
Power steering box and reservoir RHD 3.40............................ 6.00
Swivel pin housing oil/grease (each) 0.35................................ 0.60
Fuel tank usable fuel
90 Models 60.00............................................................... 13.20 gall
110 & 130 Models 75.00................................................... 16.50 gall
Cooling system - Td5 13.00....................................................... 22.88
Washer bottle 3,0................................................................... 5.28
NOTE: * All levels must be checked by dipstick or level plugs as applicable.
ANTI-FREEZE
PERCENTAGE CONCENTRATION - 50%
PROTECTION - LOWER TEMPERATURE LIMIT
Complete protection
Vehicle may be driven away immediately from cold,
-33°C (-36°F).
Safe limit protection
Coolant in semi-frozen state. Engine may be started
and driven away after warm-up period, -41°C (-42°
F).
Lower protection
Prevents frost damage to cylinder head, block and
radiator. Thaw out before starting engine, -47°C (-53°
F).
CAUTION: Anti-freeze content must never
be allowed to fall below 50% otherwise
damage to the engine is liable to occur.
Also, anti-freeze content should not exceed 60%
as this will greatly reduce the cooling effect of the
coolant.RECOMMENDED FUEL
Diesel fuel oil, distillate, diesel fuel, automotive gas or
Derv to British standard 2869, Class A1 or A2
Using diesel fuel with a class rating lower than stated
above could seriously impair vehicle performance.
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10 - MAINTENANCE
CONTENTS
Page
MAINTENANCE
UNDERBONNET VIEW - Td5 1..............................................................................
SEATS AND SEAT BELTS 2..................................................................................
LAMPS, HORNS AND WARNING INDICATORS 2................................................
WIPERS AND WASHERS 3...................................................................................
HANDBRAKE 3.......................................................................................................
BATTERY CONDITION - Td5 4..............................................................................
HANDSET BATTERY 5...........................................................................................
HEADLAMP ALIGNMENT 5....................................................................................
ROAD WHEELS 6...................................................................................................
TYRE PRESSURES, CONDITION AND TREAD DEPTH 6....................................
BRAKE PADS, CALIPERS AND DISCS 7..............................................................
ROAD WHEEL SPEED SENSOR HARNESS - Td5 7............................................
FUEL FILTER ELEMENT 8.....................................................................................
FUEL FILTER SEDIMENTER - Td5 8.....................................................................
INTERCOOLER / COOLING SYSTEM 9................................................................
AMBIENT AIR PRESSURE (AAP) SENSOR - Td5 9..............................................
DOOR LOCKS AND HINGES 10............................................................................
ENGINE COOLANT 10...........................................................................................
BRAKE FLUID 11....................................................................................................
AIR FILTER ELEMENT AND DUMP VALVE 11.....................................................
AUXILIARY DRIVE BELT 12...................................................................................
PAS FLUID, CLUTCH FLUID AND SCREEN WASHER LEVELS 12.....................
STEERING BOX 13................................................................................................
ENGINE OIL 14.......................................................................................................
CENTRIFUGE ROTOR - Td5 14.............................................................................
FULL FLOW OIL FILTER 15...................................................................................
GEARBOX OIL 15...................................................................................................
TRANSFER BOX OIL 16.........................................................................................
FRONT AND REAR AXLE OIL 17..........................................................................
PROPELLER SHAFTS 18.......................................................................................
CLUTCH PIPES AND UNIONS 18..........................................................................
PAS PIPES AND UNIONS 19.................................................................................
ENGINE, GEARBOX, TRANSFER BOX AND AXLES 19.......................................
EXHAUST SYSTEM 20...........................................................................................
STEERING BOX AND SUSPENSION 20...............................................................
STEERING BALL JOINTS 21.................................................................................
SHOCK ABSORBERS 22.......................................................................................
TOWING BRACKET 22...........................................................................................
ENGINE AND TRANSMISSION MOUNTINGS 23..................................................
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10MAINTENANCE
6
MAINTENANCE ROAD WHEELS
Remove
1.Loosen wheel nuts. Raise vehicle for wheel free
condition and remove the wheel nuts.
2.Mark the wheel to stud relationship to ensure
that the wheels are refitted in the same
orientation.
Refit
3.Apply a thin coat of anti-seize compound to
wheel hub centre.
4.Refit wheels to original hub position.
NOTE: When refitting road wheel nuts do
not overtighten using powered tools.
Ensure the wheel nuts are correctly
torqued in the correct sequence.
5.Tighten wheel nuts.
Steel wheels -100 Nm (80 lbf/ft)
Alloy wheels -130 Nm (96 lbf/ft)
Heavy Duty wheels -170 Nm (125 lbf/ft)TYRE PRESSURES, CONDITION AND TREAD
DEPTH
1.Check for any apparent damage to tyres, paying
particular attention to side walls.
2.Look at tyre treads and check for any unusual
wear patterns which may indicate out of
specification adjustment of steering or
suspension.
NOTE: Any adjustments to steering or
suspension will be subject to additional
labour and/or material cost and should not
be carried out without the authorisation of the
customer.
3.Measure the tread depth across the width of the
tyre and around the circumference. Annotate the
maintenance check sheet with the lowest figure
obtained from each tyre.
NOTE: Any requirement to replace tyres
should be advised to the customer before
any remedial work is carried out. This will
be subject to additional labour and/or material
cost and should not be carried out without the
authorisation of the customer.
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MAINTENANCE
13
MAINTENANCE Clutch Fluid
1.Clean area around clutch fluid reservoir cap, and
remove cap.
2.Check fluid level in clutch fluid reservoir.
3.Top-up if necessary to the correct level using
recommended fluid.See LUBRICANTS,
FLUIDS AND CAPACITIES, Information.
4.Fit filler cap.
Screen Washer Fluid
1.Clean area around washer fluid filler cap.
2.Check washer fluid level in reservoir.
3.Top-up if necessary to the correct level using
recommended fluid.See LUBRICANTS,
FLUIDS AND CAPACITIES, Information.
4.Fit filler cap.STEERING BOX
Check
1.Check steering box for fluid leaks.
Adjust
1.Check there is no backlash in steering box with
the road wheels in the straight ahead position.
Adjust if necessary.See STEERING,
Adjustment.
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10MAINTENANCE
20
MAINTENANCE EXHAUST SYSTEM
1.Visually check condition of exhaust system for
signs of damage.
2.Check condition of exhaust heat shields.
3.Check exhaust system is firmly secured and
check condition of exhaust mounting rubbers,
clamps and brackets.STEERING BOX AND SUSPENSION
1.Check steering box fixings. Tighten if necessary
to81 Nm (60 lbf.ft).
2.Check LH and RH front radius arm fixings.
Tighten if necessary.See FRONT
SUSPENSION, Repair.
3.Check Panhard rod fixings. Tighten if necessary.
See FRONT SUSPENSION, Repair.
4.Check all rear axle fixings. Tighten if necessary.
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MAINTENANCE
21
MAINTENANCE STEERING BALL JOINTS
1.Check for wear in joints by moving ball joint up
and down vigorously. If free movement is
apparent, fit a new joint assembly.
2.Check condition of steering ball joints paying
particular attention to dust covers.
NOTE: Any requirement to replace the
steering ball joints should be advised to
the customer as this will incur additional
labour and/or material cost and should not be
carried out without the authorisation of the
customer.
NOTE: Ball joints are lubricated for life
during manufacture and require no further
lubrication unless the rubber boot has
been dislodged or damaged. All joints should be
checked at specified service intervals, but more
frequently if vehicle is used under arduous
conditions.
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MAINTENANCE
23
MAINTENANCE ENGINE AND TRANSMISSION MOUNTINGS
1.Check condition of front LH engine mounting.
Tighten fixings if necessary.See ENGINE ,
Repair.
2.Check condition of front RH engine mounting.
Tighten fixings if necessary.See ENGINE ,
Repair.
3.Check condition of rear LH gearbox mounting.
Tighten fixings if necessary.See ENGINE ,
Repair.
4.Check condition of rear RH gearbox mounting.
Tighten fixings if necessary.See ENGINE ,
Repair.ROAD TEST
There are two purposes for conducting a road test.
Firstly, to ensure the work completed within the
dealership meets the standards required as layed
down by dealership processes. Secondly, for a skilled
technician to assess the general condition of the
vehicle and report any conditions that the customer
should be made aware of.
CAUTION: Two wheel roller tests must not
be carried out. Four wheel roller tests
must be restricted to 3 mph (5 kph).
1.Check for correct operation of starter switch.
Ensure the engine starts in a correct manner.
Leave the engine running.
2.With vehicle stationary, turn steering from lock to
lock. Check for smooth operation and ensure
there is no undue noise from the power steering
pump or drive belt.
3.Depress clutch and select all gears in turn.
Check for smooth notch free engagement.
4.Drive vehicle on a short road test. Check all
vehicle systems for correct operation. Pay
particular attention to:
Engine noise
Gearbox noise
Suspension noise
Body noise
Braking system operation
Gear selection
Engine performance
5.Check for correct operation of all instruments
and warning devices where practical.
6.After road test, carry out a final inspection of the
vehicle on vehicle ramps.
7.Check all underbonnet fluid levels and top-up if
necessary.
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FRONT AXLE AND FINAL DRIVE
1
REPAIR FRONT AXLE ASSEMBLY
Service repair no - 54.10.01
Remove
WARNING: Remove and refit of axle
requires a further two persons to steady
axle when lowering or repositioning axle.
1.Support chassis front.
2.Remove road wheels.
3.Support axle weight with hydraulic jack.
4.Remove radius arms to chassis frame nuts.
5.Disconnect steering damper from track rod.
Using a extractor remove track rod links from
swivel pin arms.
6.Remove four nuts and bolts securing radius
arms to axle bracket.
7.Remove radius arms.
8.Remove bolts securing brake hose brackets .
Refit bolts to prevent oil leakage.
9.Remove bolts from brake calipers and tie to one
side.
10.Remove nuts and washers securing shock
absorbers to axle.
11.Disconnect drag link from swivel pin housing
arm.
12.Remove two nuts and bolts securing panhard
rod to axle bracket. Lift rod clear of axle.
13.Mark for reassembly drive shaft flanges.
Remove four nuts and bolts, tie propeller shaft to
one side.
14.Release axle ventilation pipe banjo and lower
axle assembly. Remove road springs.
15.Disconnect anti-roll bar linkSee FRONT
SUSPENSION, Repair. Anti-roll bar ball.
16.Remove axle assembly.
Refit
17.Position axle under vehicle, supporting left side
of axle, and fit anti-roll bar linksSee FRONT
SUSPENSION, Repair. Anti-roll bar links.
18.Fit propeller shaft. Tighten bolts to47 Nm (35
lbf/ft).
19.Fit panhard rod to axle bracket. Tighten bolts to
88 Nm (65 lbf/ft).
20.Fit drag link to swivel pin arm. Tighten fixings to
40 Nm (30 lbf/ft).
21.Fit shock absorbers to axle.
22.Fit brake calipers. Tighten bolts to82 Nm (60
lbf/ft).
23.Tighten upper swivel pin bolts to78 Nm (58
lbf/ft).
24.Fit radius arms to axle brackets. Tighten bolts to
197 Nm (145 lbf/ft).
25.Fit steering damper to track rod.
26.Fit radius arms to chassis side member. Tighten
fixings to197 Nm (145 lbf/ft).
27.Tighten track rod end to40 Nm (30 lbf/ft)and fit
new split pin.
28.Remove chassis supports, fit road wheels and
tighten to correct torque:
Alloy wheels -130 Nm (96 lbf/ft)
Steel wheels -100 Nm (80 lbf/ft)
Heavy duty wheels -170 Nm (125 lbf/ft)
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54FRONT AXLE AND FINAL DRIVE
6
OVERHAUL 38.Place retaining plate, joint washer and oil seal
over axle flange ready for assembly.
39.Fit swivel bearing housing to axle flange with 7
bolts. Tighten to73 Nm (54 lbf/ft).
40.Grease and fit upper and lower swivel pin taper
roller bearings.
41.Position swivel pin housing over swivel bearing
housing.
42.Coat joint washer both sides with sealing
compound and position on lower swivel pin.
43.Loosely fit brake shield bracket plus lower swivel
pin with lug outboard to swivel pin housing.
44.Loosely fit top swivel pin plus existing shims and
brake hose bracket to swivel pin housing.
45.Apply Loctite 270 or equivalent to lower swivel
pin bolts.25 Nm (18 lbf/ft),bend over lock tabs.
46.Tighten top swivel pin bolts to65 Nm (48 lbf/ft).
Check and adjust preload on bearings
NOTE: Swivel housing oil seal and axle
should not be fitted.
47.Attach a spring balance to track rod ball joint
bore and pull balance to determine effort
required to turn swivel pin housing.
Resistance, once initial inertia has been
overcome, should be1.16 to 1.46 kg.Adjust by
removing or adding shims to top swivel pin.
48.When setting is correct remove top swivel bolts,
apply Loctite 270 or equivalent. Refit bolts and
tighten to65 Nm (48 lbf/ft),and bend over lock
tabs.
49.Apply recommended grease between lips of
swivel oil seal.50.Fit oil seal, joint washer and retaining plate with
7 bolts and spring washers. Tighten to11 Nm (8
lbf/ft).
51.Fit tie rod and drag link and secure with new
cotter pins. Tighten fixing to40 Nm (30 lbf/ft).
52.Fit brake disc shield.
53.Loosely fit lock stop bolt and nut.
54.Apply a recommended grease between lips of
swivel housing oil seal.
55.Secure oil seal with retaining plate and securing
bolts. Tighten to11 Nm (8 lbf/ft).
56.Fit track-rod and drag link and secure with new
cotter pins.
57.Loosely fit lock stop bolt for later adjustment.
58.Fit brake disc shield.
Fit driveshaft and stub axle
59.Insert axle shaft, and when differential splines
are engaged, push assembly in fully.
CAUTION: Take care not to damage axle
shaft oil seals.
60.Place a new joint washer in position on swivelpin
housing to stub axle mating face. Coat threads
of stub axle bolts with Loctite 270.
61.Fit stub axle with flat at 12 O’clock position.
CAUTION: Ensure that constant velocity
joint bearing journal is butted against
thrust ring on stub axle before stub axle is
secured.
62.Place mud shield in position and secure stub
axle to swivel pin housing with 6 bolts and
tighten evenly to65 Nm (48 lbf/ft).
63.Fit brake jump hoses to brake jump hose
bracket.
64.Fit complete front hub assemblySee FRONT
SUSPENSION, Repair. Front hub bearings.
65.Check swivel pin housing oil drain plug is fitted.
66.Fill swivel assembly to correct level, with new oil
See MAINTENANCE , Under vehicle
maintenance.
NOTE: On later vehicles fill swivel pin
housing with 0.33 Litres of Molytex EP 00
grease.
67.Set steering lock stop boltsSee STEERING,
Adjustment. Steering lock stops.
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