steering LAND ROVER DISCOVERY 1999 User Guide

GENERAL INFORMATION
03-18
Ignition system safety precautions
The vehicle's ignition system produces high voltage
and the following precautions should be observed
before carrying out any work on the system.
WARNING: Before commencing work on an
ignition system, ensure all high tension
terminals, adapters and diagnostic equipment
are adequately insulated and shielded to prevent
accidental personal contacts and minimise the
risk of shock. Wearers of surgically implanted
pacemaker devices should not be in close
proximity of ignition circuits or diagnostic
equipment.
Disciplines
Switch off the ignition prior to making any connection
or disconnection in the system to prevent electrical
surges caused by disconnecting 'live' connections
damaging electronic components.
Ensure hands and work surfaces are clean and free
of grease, swarf, etc. Grease collects dirt which can
cause electrical tracking (short-circuits) or high-
resistance contacts.
When handling printed circuit boards, treat with care
and hold by the edges only; note that some electronic
components are susceptible to body static.
Connectors should never be subjected to forced
removal or refit, especially inter-board connectors.
Damaged contacts can cause short-circuit and open-
circuit fault conditions.
Prior to commencing test, and periodically during a
test, touch a good vehicle body earth to discharge
static charge. Some electronic components are
vulnerable to the static electricity that may be
generated by the operator.
Grease for electrical connectors
Some under bonnet and under body connectors may
be protected against corrosion by the application of a
special grease during vehicle production. Should
connectors be disturbed in service, repaired or
replaced, additional grease should be applied: Part
No. BAU 5811, available in 150 gm tubs.
NOTE: The use of greases other than BAU 5811
must be avoided as they can migrate into relays,
switches etc. contaminating the contacts and leading
to intermittent operation or failure.
Supplementary Restraint System
Precautions
General
The Supplementary Restraint System (SRS)
provides active protection for vehicle occupants in
the event of a serious collision. The system
components include airbags and pretensioner seat
belts which are automatically deployed when a
severe frontal crash condition is detected.
In order to assure system integrity, it is essential that
the SRS system is regularly checked and maintained
so that it is ready for operation in the event of an
accident.
The SRS system contains components which could
be potentially hazardous to the service engineer if
not serviced and handled correctly. The following
guidelines are intended to alert the service engineer
to potential sources of danger and emphasise the
importance of ensuring integrity of the SRS
components fitted to the vehicle.
Where necessary, additional specific precautions are
detailed in the Restraint Systems section of this
Manual which should be referred to prior to
commencing repair operations.
It should be noted that these precautions are not
restricted to operations performed when servicing
the SRS system. The same care should be exercised
when working on ancillary systems and components
located in the vicinity of SRS components; these
include but are not limited to steering system (driver's
airbag), body and trim components (passenger's
airbag and seat belt pretensioners) and electrical
system components (SRS harnesses etc.).

GENERAL INFORMATION
03-23
Airbag and pretensioner deployment
Deployment procedures and precautions as detailed
in this manual should be strictly adhered to. Only
personnel who have undergone the appropriate
training should undertake deployment of airbag and
pretensioner modules. The following precautions
must be complied with:
lOnly use deployment equipment approved for
the intended purpose.
lBefore beginning deployment procedure,
ensure deployment tool functions properly by
performing the self test procedure detailed in
SRS section of this manual.
lDeployment of airbag/ pretensioner modules
should be performed in a well ventilated area
which has been designated for the purpose.
lEnsure airbag/pretensioner modules are not
damaged or ruptured before attempting to
deploy.
lNotify the relevant authorities of intention to
deploy airbag and pretensioner units.
lWhen deploying airbag pretensioner units,
ensure that all personnel are at least 15 metres
(45 feet) away from the deployment zone.
lEnsure deployment tool is connected correctly,
in compliance with the instructions detailed in
the SRS section of this manual. In particular,
ensure deployment tool is NOT connected to
battery supply before connecting to airbag
module connector.
lWhen deploying seat belt pretensioners, ensure
pretensioner unit is secured correctly to the
seat.
lWhen removing deployed airbag modules and
pretensioner units, wear protective clothing.
Use gloves and seal deployed units in a plastic
bag.
lFollowing deployment of any component of the
SRS system within the vehicle, all SRS
components must be replaced. DO NOT re-use
or salvage any parts of the SRS system.
lDo not lean over airbag module when
connecting deployment equipment.
If a vehicle is to be scrapped, undeployed airbag
modules and pretensioner units must be manually
deployed. In this case airbags can be deployed in the
vehicle; before deployment, ensure the airbag
module is secure within its correct mounting position.
Deployment of the driver's airbag in the vehicle may
damage the steering wheel; if the vehicle is not being
scrapped, deploy the module outside of the vehicle.
WARNING: During deployment parts of the
airbag module become hot enough to burn you.
Wait 30 minutes after deployment before
touching the airbag module.
SRS Component Replacement Policy
The following information details the policy for
replacement of SRS components; either as a result
of a vehicle accident or as a result of vehicle age.
Impacts which do not deploy the airbags or pre-
tensioners
Check for structural damage in the area of the
impact, paying particular attention to bumper
armatures, longitudinals, crash cans and bracketry.
Impacts which deploy the airbags or pre-
tensioners
The replacement and inspection policy is dependent
on the type and severity of of the crash condition.
The following guidelines are the minimum that
should be exercised as a result of the deployment of
specific SRS components.
If the front airbags or seat belt pre-tensioners are
deployed, the following parts must be replaced:
lSRS DCU.
lDriver airbag module
lPassenger airbag module
lFront seat belt buckle pre-tensioners
lRotary coupler
lDriver's seat belt retractor
lFlyleads (where applicable) connecting airbags
and seat belt pre-tensioners to SRS harness
In addition, the following should be inspected for
damage and replaced as necessary:
lFront passenger's seat belt retractor (webbing,
tongue latching, 'D' loop, body anchorage point)
lRear seat belt buckles (webbing, buckle covers,
body anchorage and tongue latching function)
lFascia moulding adjacent to passenger airbag
module
lSteering wheel (if damage is evident)
lFront seat frames and head restraints (if there is
evidence of damage to the seat frame or
cushion pan)
lSteering column (if adjustment is lost or there
are signs of collapse)
lThird row seats, seat belts and head restraints
(where fitted). Check third row seat latching
mechanism operates correctly.
Periodic replacement of SRS components
The performance of the propellants within airbags
and pre-tensioners will deteriorate over a period of
time. As a result, it is essential that the airbags are
replaced after 10 years and seat belt pre-tensioners
are replaced after 15 years in order to maintain
occupant safety.

GENERAL DATA
04-17
Steering
Note: Measurements taken at EEC kerb weight.
Type Hydraulically assisted worm and roller
Steering wheel turns lock to lock 3.5
Steering wheel diameter 400 mm (15.7 in)
Turning circle, kerb to kerb 11.9 metres (39.1 feet)
PAS pump Hobourn Automotive Ltd. Series 500, belt driven
PAS pump pressure - engine at idle with steering at full lock 21 to 62 bar (305 to 900 lbf/in
2
Delivery pressure (nominal) 100 bar (1450 lbf.in2) 8.5 litres/min (15.1 pints/min)
(18.1 US pints/min)
Steering geometry:
⇒ Camber angle - Front, up to VIN 2A 754807 - unladen condition
⇒ Camber angle - Front, from VIN 2A 754808 - unladen condition
⇒ Camber angle - Rear - unladen condition–10' ± 30'
+20' ± 30'
–10' ± 30'
⇒ Cross camber - Front and rear 45' (Maximum)
⇒ Castor angle - unladen condition 3° 45' ± 45'
⇒ Cross castor 1° (Maximum)
⇒ Toe out - Front
⇒ Toe in - Rear– 0° 10' ± 0° 10' (total)
+ 0° 5' ± 0° 15' (total)
⇒ Thrust angle 0° ± 20'
⇒ Swivel pin inclination 13° 11'

IDENTIFICATION NUMBERS
05-2
Vehicle identification number - except NAS and
Canada
Example: SALLTGM87WA600172Vehicle identification number - NAS and Canada
Example: SALTY124OWA600180
Paint and trim colour codes
Paint code (F): a 3 digit code identifying the original
paint colour is stamped on the VIN plate. Refer to
Parts Catalogue for full list of colour codes.
Trim code (G): a code identifying the original trim
type and colour is stamped on the VIN plate. Refer to
the relevant Parts Catalogue for coding details
SALManufacturer's identifier (Land Rover UK)
LTMarque/Model
LT = Discovery
GClass
A = Japan
G = 100 inch
MBody Style
B = 5 door models
8Engine
1 = 4.0 V8 LC Cat
2 = 4.0 V8 HC Cat
3 = 4.0 LC Non Cat
8 = TD5 engine EGR/Cat
9 = TD5 engine EGR/ Non Cat
7Transmission and Steering
3 = RHD automatic gearbox
4 = LHD automatic gearbox
7 = RHD manual gearbox
8 = LHD manual gearbox
WModel Year
W = 1998 Model year
X = 1999 Model year
Y = 2000 Model year
1 = 2001 Model year
2 = 2002 Model year
3 = 2003 Model year
AAssembly plant
A = Solihull
F = KD build
6 figures= Serial number
SALManufacturer's identifier (Land Rover UK)
TMarque/Model
T = Discovery
YClass
Y = 100 inch USA/Canada
N = 100 inch California
1Body Style
1 = 4 door Station Wagon
2Engine
2 = 4.0 V8 HC Cat
4Transmission and Steering
4 = LHD automatic gearbox
OCheck digit
WModel Year
W = 1998 Model year
X = 1999 Model year
Y = 2000 Model year
1 = 2001 Model year
2 = 2002 Model year
3 = 2003 Model year
AAssembly plant
A = Solihull
6 figures= Serial number

TORQUE WRENCH SETTINGS
06-14
Steering
TORQUE DESCRIPTION METRIC IMPERIAL
Drag link to drop arm 80 Nm (59 lbf.ft)
Track rod to steering knuckle 125 Nm (92 lbf.ft)
Tension collet to steering knuckle 5 Nm (3.7 lbf.ft)
Steering damper125 Nm (92 lbf.ft)
Steering knuckle to axle yoke upper ball joint 110 Nm (81 lbf.ft)
High pressure pipe union 20 Nm (15 lbf.ft)
Drag link/track rod M8 bolts 22 Nm (16 lbf.ft)
Drag link/track rod M10 bolts 33 Nm (24 lbf.ft)
Steering box90 Nm (66 lbf.ft)
Universal joint to intermediate shaft 25 Nm (18 lbf.ft)
Panhard rod230 Nm (170 lbf.ft)
Steering box output shaft 88 Nm (65 lbf.ft)
Drop arm240 Nm (177 lbf.ft)
Auxiliary housing bolts 40 Nm (30 lbf.ft)
Auxiliary housing nut 10 Nm (7 lbf.ft)
PAS pump - V822 Nm (16 lbf.ft)
PAS pump pipe bracket bolt 22 Nm (16 lbf.ft)
Jockey pulley bolt 50 Nm (37 lbf.ft)
PAS pump adaptor pipe 10 Nm (7 lbf.ft)
PAS pump to coolant pump bolts - Td5 25 Nm (18 lbf.ft)
Steering column to fascia 25 Nm (18 lbf.ft)
Universal joint to steering box 25 Nm (18 lbf.ft)
Ball joint to swivel hub 77 Nm (57 lbf.ft)
PAS pump pulley22 Nm (16 lbf.ft)
Steering wheel nut 43 Nm (32 lbf.ft)

TORQUE WRENCH SETTINGS
06-19
Body
TORQUE DESCRIPTION METRIC IMPERIAL
Front and rear door hinges 30 Nm (22 lbf.ft)
Tail door hinge bolts 34 Nm (25 lbf.ft)
Door frames10 Nm (7 lbf.ft)
Regulator to glass6 Nm (4.4 lbf.ft)
Chassis cross member 25 Nm (18 lbf.ft)
Bulkhead to chassis bolts 45 Nm (33 lbf.ft)
Body to chassis bolts 45 Nm (33 lbf.ft)
Quarter light glass to frame 10 Nm (7 lbf.ft)
Glass lift motor to regulator 5 Nm (3.7 lbf.ft)
Tail door hand rail 10 Nm (7 lbf.ft)
Latch and motor assembly 7 Nm (5.2 lbf.ft)
Door handle7 Nm (5.2 lbf.ft)
Damper to step17 Nm (13 lbf.ft)
Throttle pedal assembly 13 Nm (10 lbf.ft)
Step assembly to chassis 45 Nm (33 lbf.ft)
Wing to sill finisher bracket 17 Nm (13 lbf.ft)
Front wing to body 17 Nm (13 lbf.ft)
Door mirror4 Nm (3 lbf.ft)
Roof bars32 Nm (24 lbf.ft)
Bonnet release lever 10 Nm (7 lbf.ft)
Front bumper to crash cans 13 Nm (10 lbf.ft)
Front bumper to side mountings 13 Nm (10 lbf.ft)
Mudshield10 Nm (7 lbf.ft)
Rear bumper45 Nm (33 lbf.ft)
Grab handle to body 3 Nm (2.2 lbf.ft)
Fascia26 Nm (19 lbf.ft)
Fascia to steering column bracket 11 Nm (8 lbf.ft)
Front seat to floor45 Nm (33 lbf.ft)
Second row seats to floor 45 Nm (33 lbf.ft)
Third row seats to lower rear quarter 22 Nm (16 lbf.ft)
Sunroof tray to frame 2 Nm (1.5 lbf.ft)
Solenoid securing cap 11 Nm (8 lbf.ft)
Support stay to alternator 25 Nm (18 lbf.ft)
Sunroof glass3 Nm (2.2 lbf.ft)
Motor to sunroof tray 2 Nm (1.5 lbf.ft)
Drive cable assembly to frame 2.5 Nm (1.8 lbf.ft)
Front and rear door striker bolts 26 Nm (19 lbf.ft)
Tail door striker bolts 26 Nm (19 lbf.ft)

LIFTING AND TOWING
08-1
LIFTING AND TOWING
LIFTING
The following instructions must be carried out before
raising the vehicle off the ground.
lUse a solid level ground surface.
lApply hand brake.
lSelect 'P' (Automatic gearbox) or 1st gear
(Manual gearbox) in main gearbox.
lSelect Low range in transfer gearbox.
To avoid damage occurring to the under body
components of the vehicle the following jacking
procedures must be adhered to.
DO NOT POSITION JACKS OR AXLE STANDS
UNDER THE FOLLOWING COMPONENTS:
lBody structure
lBumpers
lFuel lines
lBrake lines
lFront radius arms
lPanhard rod
lSteering linkage
lRear trailing arms
lFuel tank
lEngine sump
lGearbox bell housing
Vehicle jack
The jack provided with the vehicle is only intended for
use in an emergency, for changing a tyre. DO NOT
use the jack for any other purpose. Refer to Owner's
Handbook for vehicle jack location points and
procedure. Never work under a vehicle supported
solely by the vehicle jack.
Hydraulic jack
A hydraulic jack with a minimum 1500 kg, 3,300 lbs
load capacity must be used. Do not commence
work on the underside of the vehicle until
suitable axle stands have been positioned under
the axle.
WARNING: Always chock the wheels when
jacking. The hand brake acts on the
transmission, not the rear wheels, and may be
ineffective when the wheels are off the ground.Raising and supporting the vehicle
Position cup of hydraulic arm under differential
casing (1).The differential casing is not central to
the axle. Care should be taken when raising the
front road wheels off the ground as the rear axle
has less sway stiffness.
Raise vehicle to enable an axle stand to be installed
under left hand axle tube (2).
Position an axle stand under right hand axle tube (4).
Carefully lower jack until vehicle sits securely on both
axle stands, remove jack.
Alternatively, the axle stands can be positioned
under the chassis longitudinals at the front and/or
rear of the vehicle.

LIFTING AND TOWING
08-2
Before commencing work on underside of vehicle re-
check security of vehicle on stands.
WARNING: Always chock the wheels when
jacking. The hand brake acts on the the
transmission, not the rear wheels, and may be
ineffective when the wheels are off the ground.
Reverse procedure when removing vehicle from
stands.
Hydraulic ramps
Use only a 'drive on' type ramp which supports a
vehicle by it's own road wheels. If a 'wheel free'
condition is required, use a 'drive on' ramp
incorporating a 'wheel free' system that supports
under axle casings. Alternatively, place vehicle on a
firm, flat floor and support on axle stands.
TOWING
Towing
The vehicle has permanent four wheel drive. The
following towing instructions must be adhered
to:
Towing on 4 wheels with driver
Turn ignition key to position '1' to release steering
lock.
Select neutral in main gearbox and transfer gearbox.
Secure tow rope, chain or cable to towing eye.
Release the handbrake.
The brake servo and power assisted steering
system will not be functional without the engine
running. Greater pedal pressure will be required
to apply the brakes, the steering system will
require greater effort to turn the front road
wheels. The vehicle tow connection should be
used only in normal road conditions, 'snatch'
recovery should be avoided.
Suspended tow
To prevent vehicle damage, front or rear
propeller shaft MUST BE removed, dependent
upon which axle is being trailed.
Mark propeller shaft drive flanges at transfer box and
axles with identification lines to enable the propeller
shaft to be refitted in its original position.

LIFTING AND TOWING
08-3
Remove the propeller shaft fixings, remove the shaft
from the vehicle.
If the front axle is to be trailed turn ignition key to
position '1' to release steering lock.
The steering wheel and/or linkage must be
secured in a straight ahead position. DO NOT use
the steering lock mechanism for this purpose.
Towing eyes
The towing eyes at the front and rear of the vehicle
are designed for vehicle recovery purposes only and
must NOT be used to tow a trailer or caravan.
Front:A single towing eye, set behind a removable
panel in the front spoiler. DO NOT use the front
lashing rings for towing.Rear: A pair of towing eyes at the rear of the vehicle
can be used as lashing rings and for towing another
light vehicle.

CAPACITIES, FLUIDS, LUBRICANTS AND SEALANTS
09-2
Fluids
Anti-freeze
Use Havoline Extended Life Coolant (XLC), or any
ethylene glycol based anti-freeze (containing no
methanol) with only Organic Acid Technology (OAT)
corrosion inhibitors, to protect the cooling system
CAUTION: No other anti-freeze should be used
with Havoline Extended Life Coolant.
The cooling system should be drained, flushed and
refilled with the correct amount of anti-freeze solution
at the intervals given on the Service Maintenance
Check Sheet.
After filling with anti-freeze solution, attach a warning
label to a prominent position on the vehicle stating
the type of anti-freeze contained in the cooling
system to ensure that the correct type is used for
topping-up.
Brake/Clutch fluid
Use only DOT 4 brake fluid.
PAS fluid
Use Texaco cold climate power assisted steering
fluid PSF 14315.
ACE fluid
Where ambient temperature falls below -20° C (-4°
F), use only Texaco cold climate power assisted
steering fluid PSF 14315. Where ambient
temperature remains above -20° C (-4° F), use either
Texaco cold climate power assisted steering fluid ,
Dexron 11 or Dexron 111 non-synthetic fluid.
Air conditioning
Use only refrigerant R134a.
Refrigerant oil
Use only Nippon Denso ND-oil 8.
Refrigerant oil absorbs water and must not be stored
for long periods. Do not pour unused oil back into the
container.
NOTE: The total quantity of refrigerant oil in the
system is 180 ml.
CAUTION: Do not use any other type of
refrigerant oil.
Anti-Freeze Concentration
The overall anti-freeze concentration should not fall,
by volume, below 50% to ensure that the anti-
corrosion properties of the coolant are maintained.
Anti-freeze concentrations greater than 60% are not
recommended as cooling efficiency will be impaired.
The following recommended quantities of anti-freeze
will provide frost protection to -48°C (-53°F):
Engine - TD5
Engine - V8
Concentration 50%
Amount of Anti-freeze 4 litres
Concentration 50%
Amount of Anti-freeze 6.5 litres
13.5 pts (US)