lexus LS400 1996 Engine / 1996 LS400: ENGINE

189
SECTION 6 ± 2
SERVICE PROCEDURES AND
SPECIFICATIONS
Engine
Specifications 190
Fuel 192
Facts about engine oil consumption 193
Used engine oil 194
Checking the engine oil level 195
Checking the engine coolant level 197

ENGINE
190
SPECIFICATIONS
± GENERAL
Model
1UZ±FE
Type8 cylinder V type, 4 cycle, gasoline
Bore and stroke87.5 X 82.5 mm (3.44 X 3.25 in.)
Displacement3969 cm3
(242.1 cu.in.)
Valve clearance (engine cold)
Intake0.15 ± 0.25 mm (0.006 ± 0.010 in.)
Exhaust0.25 ± 0.35 mm (0.010 ± 0.014 in.)
Drive belt tensionAutomatic adjustment
± LUBRICATION SYSTEM
Oil capacity
Drain and refill
with filter5.1 L (5.4 qt., 4.5 Imp. qt.)
without filter4.8 L (5.1 qt., 4.2 Imp. qt.)
Oil gradeAPI SH, Energy±Conserving II multigrade engine oil or
ILSAC multigrade engine oil
Recommended oil viscosity (SAE):

ENGINE
191 ± COOLING SYSTEM
Capacity
11.0 L (11.6 qt., 9.7 Imp. qt.)
Coolant typeEthylene ± glycol coolant (Do not use alcohol type.)
± FUEL
Fuel type
Only UNLEADED
Research octane number96 (Octane Rating 91) or higher
± IGNITION SYSTEM
Spark plug
± MakeNIPPONDENSOPK20R11
NGK BKR6EP11
± Gap1.1 mm (0.043 in.)
± ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Battery ±
Maintenance type battery
Specific gravity reading at 20C (68F): 1.260Fully charged
1.160Half charged
1.060Discharged
Charging rates Quick charge 15A max.
Slow charge 5A max.
±Non±maintenance battery
Open voltage at 20C (68F): 12.7VFully charged
12.3VHalf charged
11.9VDischarged
[Voltage that is checked 20 minutes after the key is
removed with all the lights turned off]
Charging rates5A max.

ENGINE
192
FUEL
Fuel type
Your vehicle must use only unleaded gasoline.
To help prevent gas station mixups, your Lexus has a smaller
fuel tank opening. The special nozzle on pumps with
unleaded fuel will fit it, but the larger nozzle on pumps with
leaded gas will not.
NOTICE
Do not use leaded gasoline. Use of leaded gasoline
will cause the three±way catalytic converter to lose
its effectiveness and the emission control system to
function improperly. Also, this can increase
maintenance costs.
Octane number
Select premium unleaded gasoline with a Research
Octane Number of 96 (Octane Rating 91) or higher for
optimum engine performance. However, if such
premium type cannot be obtained, you may temporarily
use unleaded gasoline with an octane number as low as
91.
Use of unleaded fuel with an octane number or rating lower
than stated above will cause persistent heavy knocking. If
severe, this will lead to engine damage.If your engine knocks ...
If you detect heavy knocking even when using the
recommended fuel, or if you hear steady knocking while
holding a steady speed on level roads, consult your Lexus
dealer.
However, now and then, you may notice light knocking for a
short time while accelerating or driving up hills. This is no
cause for concern.
Gasolines containing detergent additives
Lexus recommends use of gasolines that contain
detergent additives to avoid build±up of engine
deposits.
For further details, ask your Lexus dealer or a local gasoline
retailer.
Gasolines containing MTBE
Gasolines that contain MTBE (Methyl Tertiary±Butyl
Ether) are available in the market. If you use a gasoline
mixed with MTBE, make certain that it does not contain
more than 15% of MTBE.
If the use of gasolines containing MTBE causes poor
driveability and/or poor fuel economy, you should stop using
them.

ENGINE
193
Gasolines containing alcohol
Gasohol is a mixture of gasoline and ethanol. If you use
gasohol in your Lexus, be sure that it is unleaded, has
an octane rating no lower than 87 and does not contain
more than 10% ethanol. Lexus does not recommend the
use of gasolines containing methanol.
If you use gasoline containing methanol, use only gasoline
meeting the requirements above and also containing less
than 5% methanol with cosolvents and corrosion inhibitors
for methanol.
NOTICE
Do not use gasohol other than stated above. It will
cause fuel system damage or vehicle performance
problems.
If driveability problems are encountered (poor hot
starting, vaporizing, engine knock, etc.),
discontinue its use.
Take care not to spill gasohol during refueling.
Gasohol may cause paint damage.
Fuel tank capacity
85 L (22.5 gal., 18.7 Imp. gal.)
FACTS ABOUT ENGINE OIL
CONSUMPTION
Functions of engine oil
Engine oil has the primary function of lubricating and cooling
the inside of the engine, and plays a major role in maintaining
the engine in proper working order.
Engine oil consumption
It is normal that an engine should consume some
engine oil during normal engine operation. The causes
of oil consumption in a normal engine are as follows.
Oil is used to lubricate pistons, piston rings and cylinders.
A thin film of oil is left on the cylinder wall when a piston
moves downwards in the cylinder. High negative pressure
generated when the vehicle is decelerating sucks some of
this oil into the combustion chamber. This oil as well as
some part of the oil film left on the cylinder wall is burned
by the high temperature combustion gases during the
combustion process.
Oil is also used to lubricate the stems of the intake valves.
Some of this oil is sucked into the combustion chamber
together with the intake air and is burned along with the
fuel. High temperature exhaust gases also burn the oil
used to lubricate the exhaust valve stems.

ENGINE
194The amount of engine oil consumed depends on the
viscosity of the oil, the quality of the oil and the way the
vehicle is driven.
More oil is consumed by high±speed driving and frequent
acceleration and deceleration.
A new engine consumes more oil, since its pistons, piston
rings and cylinder walls have not become conditioned.
When judging the amount of oil consumption, keep in
mind that the oil may have become diluted, making it
difficult to judge the true level accurately.
For example, if a vehicle is used for repeated short trips and
consumes a normal amount of oil, the dipstick may not show
any drop in the oil level at all, even after 1000 km (600 miles)
or more. This is because the oil is gradually becoming diluted
with fuel or moisture, making it appear that the oil level has
not changed.
The diluting ingredients evaporate out when the vehicle is
then driven at high speeds, as on an expressway, making it
appear that oil is excessively consumed after driving at high
speeds.
Importance of engine oil level check
One of the most important points in proper vehicle
maintenance is to keep the engine oil at the optimum level
so that oil function will not be impaired. Therefore, it is
essential that the oil level be checked regularly. Lexus
recommends that the oil level be checked every time you
refuel the vehicle.
NOTICE
Failure to check the oil level regularly could lead to
serious engine trouble due to insufficient oil.
For detailed information on oil level check, see ªChecking the
engine oil levelº on page 195.
USED ENGINE OIL
CAUTION!

Used engine oil contains potentially harmful
contaminants which may cause skin disorders
such as inflammation or skin cancer, so care
should be taken to avoid prolonged and repeated
contact with it. To remove used engine oil from
your skin, wash thoroughly with soap and water.
Do not leave used oil within the reach of children.
Dispose of used oil and used oil filters only in a safe
and acceptable manner. Do not dispose of used oil
and used oil filters in household trash, in sewers or
onto the ground. Call your Lexus dealer or a service
station for information concerning recycling or
disposal.

ENGINE
195
CHECKING THE ENGINE OIL LEVEL
With the engine at operating temperature and turned
off, check the oil level on the dipstick.
1. To get a true reading, the vehicle should be on a level
spot. After turning off the engine, wait a few minutes for the
oil to drain back into the bottom of the engine.
2. Pull out the dipstick, and wipe it clean with a rag.
3. Reinsert the dipstick and push it in as far as it will go, or
the reading will not be correct.

Add oilO.K.Too full
4. Pull the dipstick out and look at the oil level on the end.
If it is between the full line () and the low line (), it is O.K.
If the oil level is below or only slightly above the low
line, add engine oil of the same type as already in the
engine.

ENGINE
196Remove the oil filler cap and add engine oil a little at a time,
checking the dipstick. The approximate quantity of oil
needed to fill between the low line and the full line on the
dipstick is indicated below for reference.
When the level reaches within the correct range, return the
filler cap and turn the cap clockwise until you hear a click.
Oil quantity. L (qt., Imp. qt.) 1.5 (1.6, 1.3)
NOTICE
Avoid overfilling, or the engine could be damaged.
Check the oil level on the dipstick once again after
adding the oil.
Engine oil selection
Use API SH, Energy±Conserving II multigrade engine oil or
ILSAC multigrade engine oil.
Recommended viscosity (SAE):
SAE 5W±30 is the best choice for your vehicle, for good
fuel economy, and good starting in cold weather.
If you use SAE 10W±30 engine oil in extremely low
temperatures, the engine may become difficult to start,
so SAE 5W±30 engine oil is recommended.

ENGINE
197
Oil identification marks
API Service SymbolILSAC Certification Mark
Either or both API registered marks are added to some oil
containers to help you select the oil you should use.
The API Service Symbol is located anywhere on the
outside of the container.
The top portion of the label shows the oil quality by API
(American Petroleum Institute) designation such as SH.
The center portion of the label shows the SAE viscosity
grade such as SAE 5W±30. ªEnergy±Conserving IIº,
shown in the lower portion, indicates that the oil has
fuel±saving capabilities. Oils marked ªEnergy±Conserving
IIº will have higher fuel±saving capabilities than oils
marked ªEnergy±Conservingº.
The ILSAC (International Lubricant Standardization and
Approval Committee) Certification Mark is displayed on the
front of the container.
CHECKING THE ENGINE
COOLANT LEVEL

Reservoir capUpper lineLower line
Park the vehicle at a level spot and look at the
see±through coolant reservoir when the engine is cool.
The coolant level is satisfactory if it is between the
upper and lower lines on the tank. If the level is low, add
ethylene±glycol type coolant.
The coolant level in the reservoir will vary with engine coolant
temperature. However, if the level is on or below the lower
line, add coolant to bring the level up to the upper line.
Use only ethylene±glycol type coolant. It will prevent
freezing and corrosion. Neither supplemental inhibitors nor
additives are needed nor recommended. (For information on
ethylene±glycol coolant, see also ªEngine coolant selectionº
described below.)

ENGINE
198If the coolant level drops within a short time after
replenishing, there may be a leak in the system. Visually
check the radiator, hoses, reservoir cap, drain cock and
water pump.
If you can find no leak, have your Lexus dealer test the cap
pressure and check for leaks in the cooling system.
CAUTION!
To prevent burning yourself, do not remove the
reservoir cap when the engine is hot.
Engine coolant selection
Your coolant must contain ethylene±glycol antifreeze. In
addition to preventing freezing and subsequent damage to
the engine, this will also prevent corrosion. Further
supplemental inhibitors or additives are neither needed nor
recommended.
Read the antifreeze container for information on freeze
protection. Follow the manufacturer's directions for how
much to mix with water. The total capacity of the cooling
system is given on page 191. We recommend 50% solution
be used for your Lexus, or a sufficient quantity to provide
protection to about ±35C (±31F).
NOTICE
Do not use alcohol type antifreeze or plain water
alone.