brakes LINCOLN BLACKWOOD 2002 User Guide

²Thoroughly prepare your vehicle for towing. Refer toPreparing to
towin this chapter.
²Use extra caution when driving while trailer towing. Refer toDriving
while you towin this chapter.
²Service your vehicle more frequently if you tow a trailer. Refer to the
severe duty schedule in the scheduled maintenance guide.
²Do not tow a trailer until your vehicle has been driven at least 800 km
(500 miles).
²Refer to the instructions included with towing accessories for the
proper installation and adjustment specifications.
Your vehicle is pre-wired for trailer towing. An electrical connector is
provided under the instrument panel for installing a customer-supplied
electric brake controller. Another electrical connector is provided at the
hitch. This connector provides power to the trailer for taillamps, stop
and turn lamps, back up lamps, battery charge, electric brakes (when a
customer provided controller is installed) and ground. The kit included
with your vehicle provides you with adaptors to attach the brake
controller and convert the hitch connector for Class I trailer usage.
EngineRear axle
ratioMaximum
GCWR - kg (lbs.)Trailer weight range (0
- maximum) kg (lbs.)
5.4L
4V-V83.736 577
(14 500)0-4 309
(0-9 500)
Maximum frontal area of trailer is 5.6 square meters (60 square feet)
Do not exceed the maximum loads listed on the Safety Compliance
Certification label. For load specification terms found on the label, refer
toVehicle loadingin this chapter. Remember to figure in the tongue
load of your loaded trailer when figuring the total weight.
Towing trailers beyond the maximum recommended gross trailer
weight exceeds the limit of the vehicle and could result in
engine damage, transmission damage, structural damage, loss of control
and personal injury.
Preparing to tow
Use the proper equipment for towing a trailer, and make sure it is
properly attached to your vehicle. See your dealer or a reliable trailer
dealer if you require assistance.
Driving
142

Hitches
Do not use hitches that clamp onto the vehicle's bumper or attach to the
axle. You must distribute the load in your trailer so that 10%±15% of the
total weight of the trailer is on the tongue.
Load equalizing hitch
When hooking up a trailer using a load equalizing hitch, always use the
following procedure:
1. Park the unloaded vehicle on a level surface. With the ignition on and
all doors closed, allow the vehicle to stand for several minutes so that it
can level.
2. Turn the air suspension (if equipped) control to OFF.
3. Measure the height of a reference point on the front and rear bumpers
at the center of the vehicle.
4. Attach the trailer to the vehicle and adjust the hitch equalizers so that
the front bumper height is within 0±13 mm (0.5 in) of the reference
point. After proper adjustment, the rear bumper should be no higher
than in Step 3.
5. Turn the air suspension (if equipped) control to ON.
Adjusting an equalizing hitch so the rear bumper of the vehicle
is lower or higher than it was unloaded will defeat the function
of the load equalizing hitch and may cause unpredictable handling.
Safety chains
Always connect the trailer's safety chains to the frame or hook retainers
of the vehicle hitch. To connect the trailer's safety chains, cross the
chains under the trailer tongue and allow slack for turning corners.
If you use a rental trailer, follow the instructions that the rental agency
gives to you.
Do not attach safety chains to the bumper.
Trailer brakes
Electric brakes and manual, automatic or surge-type trailer brakes are
safe if installed properly and adjusted to the manufacturer's
specifications. The trailer brakes must meet local and Federal
regulations.
Driving
143

An example of recreational towing is towing your vehicle behind a
motorhome. The following recreational towing guidelines are designed to
ensure that your transmission is not damaged.
²Place the transmission in N (Neutral).
²Maximum speed is 56 km/h (35 mph).
²Maximum distance is 80 km (50 miles).
If a distance of 80 km (50 miles) or a speed of 56 km/h (35 mph) must
be exceeded, you must disconnect the driveshaft. Ford recommends the
driveshaft be removed/installed only by a qualified technician. See your
local dealer for driveshaft removal/installation.
Improper removal/installation of the driveshaft can cause
transmission fluid loss, damage to the driveshaft and internal
transmission components.
DRIVING THROUGH WATER
Do not drive quickly through standing water, especially if the depth is
unknown. Traction or brake capability may be limited and if the ignition
system gets wet, your engine may stall. Water may also enter your
engine's air intake and severely damage your engine.
If driving through deep or standing water is unavoidable, proceed very
slowly. Never drive through water that is higher than the bottom of the
hubs (for trucks) or the bottom of the wheel rims (for cars).
Once through the water, always try the brakes. Wet brakes do not stop
the vehicle as effectively as dry brakes. Drying can be improved by
moving your vehicle slowly while applying light pressure on the brake
pedal.
Driving through deep water where the transmission vent tube is
submerged may allow water into the transmission and cause
internal transmission damage.
Driving through deep water where the axle vent tube is
submerged may allow water into the rear axle and cause internal
axle damage.
Driving
146

BRAKE FLUID
Checking and adding brake fluid
Brake fluid should be checked and
refilled as needed. Refer to the
scheduled maintenance guide for
the service interval schedules.
1. Clean the reservoir cap before
removal to prevent dirt or water
from entering the reservoir.
2. Visually inspect the fluid level.
3. If necessary, add brake fluid from
a clean un-opened container until
the level reaches MAX. Do not fill
above this line.
4. Use only a DOT 3 brake fluid
certified to meet Ford specifications. Refer toLubricant specifications
in theCapacities and specificationschapter.
Brake fluid is toxic. If brake fluid contacts the eyes, flush eyes
with running water for 15 minutes. Seek medical attention if
irritation persists. If taken internally, drink water and induce vomiting.
Seek medical attention immediately.
If you use a brake fluid that is not DOT 3, you will cause
permanent damage to your brakes.
Do not let the fluid level in the reservoir for the master cylinder
fall below the MIN mark. If master cylinder runs dry, this may
cause the brakes to fail.
MAX
MIN
Maintenance and care
174

A
Accessory delay ..........................70
Air bag supplemental restraint
system ................................111±112
and child safety seats ............114
description ..............................112
disposal ....................................116
driver air bag ..........................114
indicator light .....................9, 116
operation .................................114
passenger air bag ...................114
Air cleaner filter .......187±188, 218
Air conditioning ..........................41
rear seat controls .....................47
Air suspension ...........................132
description ..............................132
warning light .............................12
Ambulance packages ....................3
Antifreeze
(see Engine coolant) ................175
Anti-lock brake system
(see Brakes) ......................129±130
Anti-theft system
warning light .............................10
Audio system (see Radio) .........23
Automatic transmission
driving an automatic
overdrive .................................137
fluid, adding ............................183
fluid, checking ........................183
fluid, refill capacities ..............218
fluid, specification ..................222
Auxiliary power point .................19
Axle
lubricant
specifications ..................220, 222refill capacities ........................218
B
Battery .......................................185
acid, treating emergencies .....185
charging system
warning light .............................11
jumping a disabled battery ....162
maintenance-free ....................185
replacement, specifications ...218
servicing ..................................185
voltage gauge ............................15
Belt minder ...............................107
Brakes ........................................129
anti-lock ...........................129±130
anti-lock brake system
(ABS) warning light .........10, 129
brake warning light ..................10
fluid, checking and adding ....174
fluid, refill capacities ..............218
fluid, specifications .........220, 222
lubricant specifications ..220, 222
parking ....................................130
pedals (see Power adjustable
foot pedals) ...............................18
shift interlock ..........................135
Break-in period .............................3
C
Capacities for refilling fluids ....218
CD changer .................................37
Certification Label ....................224
Child safety restraints ..............117
child safety belts ....................117
Child safety seats ......................118
attaching with tether straps ..122
in front seat ............................119
Index
238

Headlamps ...................................17
aiming ..............................210±211
autolamp system .......................18
bulb specifications ..................209
flash to pass ..............................17
high beam ...........................10, 17
replacing bulbs .......................204
turning on and off ....................17
warning chime ..........................13
Heating ........................................41
HomeLink universal
transceiver (see Garage
door opener) .........................65±68
Hood ..........................................169
I
Ignition .................................49, 222
Infant seats
(see Safety seats) .....................118
Inspection/maintenance (I/M)
testing ........................................203
Instrument panel
cleaning ...................................216
cluster ..................................8, 216
lighting up panel
and interior ...............................18
location of components ..............8
J
Jack ............................................157
positioning ...............................157
storage .....................................157
Jump-starting your vehicle ......162K
Keyless entry system
autolock .....................................85
locking and
unlocking doors ..................88±89
programming entry code .........88
Keys .................................49, 77±79
key in ignition chime ...............12
positions of the ignition ...........49
valet key ....................................49
L
Lamps
autolamp system .......................18
bulb replacement
specifications chart ................209
cargo lamps ...............................18
fog lamps ...................................17
headlamps .................................17
headlamps, flash to pass ..........17
instrument panel, dimming .....18
interior lamps .............63±64, 208
replacing bulbs .......204, 206±208
Lane change indicator
(see Turn signal) ........................49
Liftgate ........................................73
Lights, warning and indicator ......8
air bag ..........................................9
air suspension .........................133
anti-lock brakes (ABS) ....10, 129
anti-theft ...................................10
brake ..........................................10
charging system ........................11
check coolant ............................11
door ajar ....................................11
engine oil pressure ...................11
high beam .................................10
low fuel ........................................8
Index
241