engine LINCOLN CORSAIR 2023 Repair Manual

SHIFTING YOUR IMMOBILE
VEHICLE OUT OF PARK (P) -
GASOLINE
WARNING: When doing thisprocedure, you need to take thetransmission out of park (P) which meansyour vehicle can roll freely. To avoidunwanted vehicle movement, apply theparking brake prior to doing thisprocedure. Use wheel chocks ifappropriate.
Use this procedure to shift your vehicle outof park (P) if you cannot start the engine.
Note:If the battery is out of charge, use anexternal power source.
Note:Do not tow your vehicle in this mode.See Temporary Neutral Mode Limitations(page 260).
Shifting Your Vehicle Out of Park (P)
1.Apply the parking brake.
Note:If the battery is out of charge, use anexternal power source to apply the parkingbrake.
2.Power your vehicle on without your footon the brake pedal.
3.Fully press and hold the brake pedal.
4.Fully press and hold the acceleratorpedal.
5.Shift into neutral (N).
6.Press the neutral (N) button.
7.Attempt to start your vehicle.
Note:A confirmation message appearswhen your vehicle enters the mode.
Note:You must complete this procedurewithin 20 seconds. If your vehicle shifts intopark (P) attempt the procedure again.
8.Release accelerator and brake pedals.
9.Release the parking brake.
Note:Your vehicle is free to roll.
10.Switch your vehicle off.
Note:Do not tow your vehicle in this mode.
Returning Your Vehicle to NormalMode
1.Press the brake pedal.
2.Shift into park (P).
AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION
AUDIBLE WARNINGS
Transmission Not In Park (P) AudibleWarning
Sounds if you open the driver door beforeshifting into park (P).
Park Selection Audible Warning
Sounds when you shift into park (P).
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BRAKE PRECAUTIONS
Wet brakes result in reduced brakingefficiency. Gently press the brake pedal afew times when leaving a car wash or drivingfrom standing water to dry the brakes.
Note:Depending on applicable laws andregulations in the country where your vehiclewas originally built, the stoplamps could flashduring heavy braking. The hazard warningflashers could also turn on when your vehiclecomes to a stop.
ANTI-LOCK BRAKING SYSTEM
ANTI-LOCK BRAKING SYSTEMLIMITATIONS
The anti-lock braking system does noteliminate the risk of crash when:
•You drive too closely to the vehicle infront of you.
•Your vehicle is hydroplaning.
•You take corners too fast.
•The road surface is poor.
Note: If the system activates, the brakepedal could pulse and travel further. Maintain pressure on the brake pedal.
ANTI-LOCK BRAKING SYSTEMINDICATORS
This system helps you maintain steeringcontrol during emergency stops by keepingthe brakes from locking.
If the warning lamp illuminateswhen you are driving, this indicatesa malfunction. Your vehiclecontinues to have normal braking withoutthe anti-lock brake system function. Haveyour vehicle checked as soon as possible.
The warning lamp also momentarilyilluminates when you switch the ignition onto confirm the lamp is functional. If it doesnot illuminate when you switch the ignitionon, or begins to flash at any time, have thesystem checked by an authorized dealer.
The warning lamp illuminates whenyou engage the parking brake andthe ignition is on.
If it illuminates when your vehicleis moving, make sure the parkingbrake is disengaged. If the parking brake isdisengaged, this indicates low brake fluidlevel or a brake system fault. Have yourvehicle checked as soon as possible.
The warning lamp also momentarilyilluminates when you switch the ignition onto confirm the lamp is functional. If it doesnot illuminate when you switch the ignitionon, or begins to flash at any time, have thesystem checked by an authorized dealer.
BRAKE OVER ACCELERATOR
In the event the accelerator pedal becomesstuck or entrapped, apply steady and firmpressure to the brake pedal to slow thevehicle and reduce engine power. If youexperience this condition, apply the brakesand bring your vehicle to a safe stop. Move
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the transmission to park (P), switch theengine off and apply the parking brake.Inspect the accelerator pedal for anyinterference. If none are found and thecondition persists, have your vehicle towedto the nearest authorized dealer.
LOCATING THE BRAKE FLUID
RESERVOIR
See Under Hood Overview (page 428).
CHECKING THE BRAKE FLUID
WARNING: Do not use any fluid otherthan the recommended brake fluid as thiswill reduce brake efficiency. Use ofincorrect fluid could result in the loss ofvehicle control, serious personal injury ordeath.
WARNING: Only use brake fluid froma sealed container. Contamination with dirt,water, petroleum products or othermaterials may result in brake systemdamage or failure. Failure to adhere to thiswarning could result in the loss of vehiclecontrol, serious personal injury or death.
WARNING: Do not allow the fluid totouch your skin or eyes. If this happens,rinse the affected areas immediately withplenty of water and contact your physician.
WARNING: The brake system couldbe affected if the brake fluid level is belowthe MIN mark or above the MAX mark onthe brake fluid reservoir.1.Park your vehicle on a level surface.
2.Look at the brake fluid reservoir to seewhere the brake fluid level is relative tothe MIN and the MAX marks on thereservoir.
Note:To avoid fluid contamination, thereservoir cap must remain in place and fullytight, unless you are adding fluid.
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4.Press the accelerator pedal until enginehas developed sufficient torque toprevent your vehicle from rolling downthe hill.
5.Release the switch and pull away in anormal manner.
AUTOMATICALLY RELEASING THE
ELECTRIC PARKING BRAKE
1.Close the driver door.
2.Shift into gear.
3.Press the accelerator pedal and pull awayin a normal manner.
ELECTRIC PARKING BRAKE
AUDIBLE WARNING
Sounds when the parking brake is on andyour vehicle is moving. If the warning tonecontinues after you have released theparking brake, this indicates a malfunction.Have your vehicle checked as soon aspossible.
RELEASING THE ELECTRIC
PARKING BRAKE IF THE VEHICLE
BATTERY HAS RUN OUT OF
CHARGE
WARNING: The electric parkingbrake does not operate if the vehiclebattery has run out of charge.
Connect a booster battery to the vehiclebattery to release the electric parking brakeif the vehicle battery has run out of charge.See Jump Starting the Vehicle (page 402).
ELECTRIC PARKING BRAKE –
TROUBLESHOOTING
ELECTRIC PARKING BRAKE –WARNING LAMPS
Brake System
It illuminates red when you applythe parking brake and your vehicleis on. If the lamp flashes when theparking brake has been released,this indicates the parking brakesystem requires service. Have your vehiclechecked as soon as possible.
Note:Lamps may vary depending on region.
Electric Parking Brake
When the lamp illuminates yellow,it indicates a malfunction in theelectric parking brake. Have yourvehicle checked as soon as possible.
Note:Lamps may vary depending on region.
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HOW DOES TRACTION CONTROL
WORK
If your vehicle begins to slide, the systemapplies the brakes to individual wheels and,when needed, reduces power at the sametime. If the wheels spin when acceleratingon slippery or loose surfaces, the systemreduces power in order to increase traction.
SWITCHING TRACTION CONTROL
ON AND OFF
WARNING: Operating your vehiclewith the traction control disabled couldlead to an increased risk of loss of vehiclecontrol, vehicle rollover, personal injuryand death.
The traction control system turns on eachtime you switch the power on.
If your vehicle is stuck in mud or snow,switching traction control off may bebeneficial as this allows the wheels to spin.
Note:When you switch traction control off,stability control remains fully active.
TRACTION CONTROL INDICATOR
Stability and Traction Control Indicator
If the indicator does not illuminatewhen you switch the ignition on,or remains on when the engine isrunning, this indicates a malfunction. Haveyour vehicle checked by an authorizeddealer as soon as possible.
The traction control off indicatorilluminates when you switch thetraction control system off, or whenan alternative stability control mode isselected that requires the traction control offdepending on the drive mode selected.
TRACTION CONTROL –
TROUBLESHOOTING
TRACTION CONTROL – WARNINGLAMPS
System Messages
The traction control lighttemporarily illuminates on start-upand flashes when activated by adriving condition.
The traction control off light temporarilyilluminates on start-up and stays on:
•When you switch the traction controlsystem off.
•When you select an alternative stabilitycontrol mode.
•If a problem occurs in the system.
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HOW DOES STABILITY CONTROL
WORK
WARNING: Vehicle modificationsinvolving braking system, aftermarket roofracks, suspension, steering system, tireconstruction and wheel and tire size maychange the handling characteristics of yourvehicle and may adversely affect theperformance of the electronic stabilitycontrol system. In addition, installing anystereo loudspeakers may interfere withand adversely affect the electronic stabilitycontrol system. Install any aftermarketstereo loudspeaker as far as possible fromthe front center console, the tunnel, andthe front seats in order to minimize the riskof interfering with the electronic stabilitycontrol sensors. Reducing theeffectiveness of the electronic stabilitycontrol system could lead to an increasedrisk of loss of vehicle control, vehiclerollover, personal injury and death.
WARNING: Remember that evenadvanced technology cannot defy the lawsof physics. It's always possible to losecontrol of a vehicle due to inappropriatedriver input for the conditions. Aggressivedriving on any road condition can causeyou to lose control of your vehicleincreasing the risk of personal injury orproperty damage. Activation of theelectronic stability control system is anindication that at least some of the tireshave exceeded their ability to grip theroad; this could reduce the operator'sability to control the vehicle potentiallyresulting in a loss of vehicle control, vehiclerollover, personal injury and death. If yourelectronic stability control system activates,SLOW DOWN.
If a driving condition activates either thestability control or the traction control systemyou may experience the following conditions:
•The stability and traction control lightflashes.
•Your vehicle slows down.
•Reduced engine power.
The stability control system has severalfeatures built into it to help you maintaincontrol of your vehicle:
Electronic Stability Control
Electronic stability control enhances yourvehicle’s ability to prevent skids or lateralslides by applying brakes to one or more ofthe wheels individually and, if necessary,reducing engine power.
Roll Stability Control
Roll stability control enhances your vehicle’sability to prevent rollovers by detecting yourvehicle’s roll motion and the rate at which itchanges by applying the brakes to one ormore wheels individually.
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Curve Control
Curve control enhances your vehicle’s abilityto follow the road when cornering severelyor avoiding objects in the roadway. Curvecontrol operates by reducing engine powerand, if necessary, applying brakes to one ormore of the wheels individually.
Traction Control
Traction control enhances your vehicle’sability to maintain traction of the wheels bydetecting and controlling wheel spin. SeeHow Does Traction Control Work (page 286).
Vehicle without stability controlskidding off its intended route.A
Vehicle with stability controlmaintaining control on a slipperysurface.
B
SWITCHING STABILITY CONTROL
ON AND OFF
The system turns on each time you switchthe ignition on.
When you shift the transmission into reverse(R), the systems are disabled.
You can switch the traction control systemoff or on independently. See SwitchingTraction Control On and Off (page 286).
STABILITY CONTROL INDICATOR
The system turns on each time youswitch the ignition on. You canswitch off the traction controlportion of the system independently. SeeHow Does Traction Control Work (page 286).
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EXCITE
For sporty on-road driving. This modeincreases throttle response, provides asportier exhaust sound and steering feel,along with quicker shifting. The suspensioncould stiffen, with an emphasis on handlingand control. The transmission also holdsgears longer, helping your vehicle acceleratefaster when shifting gears.
Note:Sportier exhaust sound may not beavailable depending on vehicleconfiguration.
NORMAL
For everyday driving. This mode is a perfectbalance of excitement, comfort andconvenience. This is the default mode aftereach ignition cycle.
PRESERVE EV - PLUG-IN HYBRIDELECTRIC VEHICLE (PHEV)
Your vehicle runs the engine as needed tosave electric driving range for later use inanother drive mode. For example, you firstdrive at high speeds on open roads whereengine operation is appropriate. Later, youdrive at low speeds in an urban area whereelectric only is most efficient.
If the battery charge is low when you selectthis mode, the engine begins to charge thehigh voltage battery to provide some electricrange for later.
PURE EV - PLUG-IN HYBRID ELECTRICVEHICLE (PHEV)
This mode can provide an electric onlydriving experience. Your vehicle couldaccelerate slower, and the top speed couldbe reduced. For more power, fully press theaccelerator pedal to temporarily engage theengine.
Your vehicle could enable the engine ifsystem conditions require it. An engineenabled message displays if this occurs.
The engine could enable if the climatecontrol is in a defrost mode and the outsidetemperature is cold. If the vehicle does notneed defrost, select a different climatecontrol mode to permit pure EV.
Your vehicle changes from pure EV mode tonormal mode when the vehicle electric rangeis zero.
Note:When in pure EV mode, your vehiclestays in this mode if there is all electricdriving range available and the system doesnot fault.
SLIPPERY
For less than ideal road conditions, such assnow or ice covered roads. Slippery modeinspires confidence without taking away fromdriving pleasure. Slippery mode lowersthrottle response and optimizes shifting forslippery surfaces.
Note:Using slippery mode on dry hardsurfaces could produce some vibration,driveline bind up, and potential excessivetire wear as the intent of this mode is forslippery and loose surfaces.
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TOWING A TRAILER PRECAUTIONS
WARNING: Do not exceed theGVWR or the GAWR specified on thecertification label.
WARNING: Towing trailersbeyond the maximum recommendedgross trailer weight exceeds the limitof your vehicle and could result inengine damage, transmission damage,structural damage, loss of vehiclecontrol, vehicle rollover and personalinjury.
WARNING: Do not exceed thelowest rating capacity for your vehicleor trailer hitch. Overloading yourvehicle or trailer hitch can impair yourvehicle stability and handling. Failureto follow this instruction could resultin the loss of control of your vehicle,personal injury or death.
WARNING: Make sure that thevertical load on the tow ball is betweenthe minimum and maximumrecommended weight at all times.Failure to follow this instruction couldresult in the loss of control of yourvehicle, personal injury or death.
WARNING: Do not cut, drill, weldor modify the trailer hitch. Modifyingthe trailer hitch could reduce the hitchrating.
WARNING: The anti-lock brakesystem does not control the trailerbrakes.
TRAILER BRAKE PRECAUTIONS
WARNING: Do not connect a trailer'shydraulic brake system directly to yourvehicle's brake system. Your vehicle maynot have enough braking power and yourchances of having a collision greatlyincrease.
WARNING: Do not tow a trailer fittedwith electric trailer brakes unless yourvehicle is fitted with a compatibleaftermarket electronic trailer brakecontroller. Failure to follow this instructioncould result in the loss of control of yourvehicle, personal injury or death. Foradditional information and assistance, werecommend that you contact an authorizeddealer.
Electric brakes and manual, automatic orsurge-type trailer brakes are safe if you installthem properly and adjust them to themanufacturer's specifications. The trailerbrakes must meet local and federalregulations.
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The rating for the tow vehicle's brakingsystem operation is at the gross vehicleweight rating, not the gross combined weightrating.
Certain states require functioning trailerbrakes for trailers over a specified weight.Be sure to check state regulations for thisspecified weight.
Ford Motor Company recommends separatefunctioning brake systems for trailersweighing more than 1,500 lb (680 kg) whenloaded.
TOWING A TRAILER LIMITATIONS
The vehicle's load capacity designationis by weight, not by volume, so youcannot necessarily use all availablespace when loading a vehicle or trailer.
Note:Your vehicle could have reducedperformance when operating at highaltitudes and when heavily loaded ortowing a trailer. When driving atelevation, to match driving performanceas perceived at sea level, reduce grossvehicle weight and gross combinationweight by 2% per 1,000 ft (300 m)elevation.
LOADING YOUR TRAILER
To help minimize how trailer movementaffects your vehicle when driving:
•Load the heaviest items closest tothe trailer floor.
•Load the heaviest items centeredbetween the left and right side trailertires.
•Load the heaviest items above thetrailer axles or just slightly forwardtoward the trailer tongue. Do notallow the final trailer tongue weightto go above or below 10-15% of theloaded trailer weight. The trailertongue weight should never exceed10% of the maximum towing capacity.
•Select a ball mount with the correctrise or drop. When both the loadedvehicle and trailer are connected, thetrailer frame should be level, orslightly angled down toward yourvehicle, when viewed from the side.
TRAILER TOWING HINTS
Towing a trailer places an extra load on yourvehicle's engine, transmission, axle, brakes,tires and suspension. Periodically inspectthese components during and after anytowing operation.
When driving with a trailer or payload, a slighttakeoff vibration or shudder may be presentdue to the increased payload weight.
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