ignition LINCOLN NAVIGATOR 2019 Workshop Manual

If the service engine soon indicator remainson, have your vehicle serviced at the firstavailable opportunity. Although somemalfunctions detected by the OBD-II may nothave symptoms that are apparent, continueddriving with the service engine soon indicatoron can result in increased emissions, lowerfuel economy, reduced engine andtransmission smoothness and lead to morecostly repairs.
Readiness for Inspection andMaintenance (I/M) Testing
Some state and provincial and localgovernments may haveInspection/Maintenance (I/M) programs toinspect the emission control equipment onyour vehicle. Failure to pass this inspectioncould prevent you from getting a vehicleregistration.
If the service engine soon indicatoris on or the bulb does not work,your vehicle may need service.See On-Board Diagnostics.
Your vehicle may not pass the I/M test if theservice engine soon indicator is on or notworking properly (bulb is burned out), or ifthe OBD-II system has determined that someof the emission control systems have notbeen properly checked. In this case, thevehicle is not ready for I/M testing.
If the vehicle’s engine or transmission hasjust been serviced, or the battery hasrecently run down or been replaced, theOBD-II system may indicate that the vehicleis not ready for I/M testing. To determine ifthe vehicle is ready for I/M testing, turn theignition key to the on position for 15 secondswithout cranking the engine. If the serviceengine soon indicator blinks eight times, itmeans that the vehicle is not ready for I/Mtesting; if the service engine soon indicatorstays on solid, it means that your vehicle isready for I/M testing.
The OBD-II system checks the emissioncontrol system during normal driving. Acomplete check may take several days.
If the vehicle is not ready for I/M testing, youcan perform the following driving cycleconsisting of mixed city and highway driving:
1. 15 minutes of steady driving on anexpressway or highway followed by 20minutes of stop-and-go driving with atleast four 30-second idle periods.
2.Allow your vehicle to sit for at least eighthours with the ignition off. Then, start thevehicle and complete the above drivingcycle. The vehicle must warm up to itsnormal operating temperature. Oncestarted, do not turn off the vehicle untilthe above driving cycle is complete.
If the vehicle is still not ready for I/M testing,you need to repeat the above driving cycle.
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Engine Emission Control

AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION
WARNING: Always fully apply theparking brake and make sure you shift intopark (P). Failure to follow this instructioncould result in personal injury or death.
WARNING: Do not use tow/haulwhen the road surface is slippery. Failureto follow this instruction could result in theloss of control of your vehicle.
WARNING: When your vehicle isstationary, keep the brake pedal fullypressed when shifting gears. Failure tofollow this instruction could result inpersonal injury, death or property damage.
Note:You may not be able to shift out ofpark (P) unless the intelligent access key isinside your vehicle.
Understanding the Shift Positions ofyour Automatic Transmission
Putting your vehicle in or out of gear:
1. Fully press down on the brake pedal.
2. Press the desired gear on thetransmission selector.
3. When you are finished driving, come toa complete stop.
4. Press the park (P) button on thetransmission selector.
The instrument cluster displays the currentgear.
Park (P)
With the transmission in park (P), your vehiclelocks the transmission and prevents thewheels from turning. Always come to acomplete stop before putting your vehicleinto and out of park (P). An audible tonesounds once you select park (P).
When the ignition is turned off, your vehicleautomatically shift into park (P). If the ignitionis turned off when the vehicle is moving, itfirst shifts into neutral (N) until the vehicle isstopped and then shift into park (P)automatically.
The electric parking brake may apply whenyou shift to park (P) without the brake pedalfully pressed. The electric parking brakeapplies when you shift to park (P) on largeslopes. The electric parking brake releaseswith the drive away release function ormanually as described in the Releasing theElectric Parking Brake section. See ElectricParking Brake (page 226).
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Automatic Return to Park
Note:This feature does not operate whenyour vehicle is in Stay in Neutral mode orneutral tow.
Your vehicle has a feature that automaticallyshifts your vehicle into park (P) when any ofthe following conditions occur:
•You turn the vehicle off.
•You open the driver's door with yourseatbelt unlatched with the vehiclestopped.
•You unlatch your seatbelt when thedriver's door is open with the vehiclestopped.
If you turn your vehicle off when moving,your vehicle first shifts into neutral (N) untilit stops and then shift into park (P)automatically.
Note:If you have waited an extended periodof time, 2-15 minutes before starting yourvehicle, unlatching your seatbelt can causethis feature to activate, even with the driverdoor closed.
Note:This feature may not work properly ifthe door ajar switch is malfunctioning. If yourdoor ajar indicator does not illuminate whenyou open the driver’s door or the indicatorilluminates with the driver’s door closed, seeyour authorized dealer.
Reverse (R)
With the selector in reverse (R), your vehiclemoves backward. Always come to acomplete stop before shifting into and outof reverse (R).
Neutral (N)
With the selector in neutral (N), your vehiclecan be started and is free to roll. Hold thebrake pedal down when in this position.
Stay in Neutral Mode
Note:Stay in neutral mode is a temporaryvehicle state with the ignition off. Once inthis mode, sufficient battery voltage must bemaintained or your vehicle returns to park.Extended usage of Stay in Neutral modemay result in a battery voltage reduction toa level where the vehicle may no longerstart. Do not tow your vehicle in this mode.
Note:Always put your vehicle in Stay inNeutral mode when entering an automaticcar wash. Failure to do this could result invehicle damage not covered by warranty.
Stay in Neutral mode allows your vehicle tostay in neutral when you exit your vehicle.Your vehicle must be stationary to enter thismode.
To enter Stay in Neutral mode:
•Press the neutral (N) button on thetransmission selector.
•Press the neutral (N) button again toenter Stay in Neutral mode.
A message appears in your informationdisplay screen when your vehicle hasentered Stay in Neutral mode.
To exit Stay in Neutral mode, apply the brakeand select a different gear.
Stay in Neutral Mode - No Start
Use this to move your transmission from thepark position in the event of a no startsituation. If your vehicle has a dead battery,an external power source is required. Do nottow your vehicle in this mode.
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Transmission

If your vehicle goes from one type of surfaceto another (i.e. from concrete to gravel) theremay be a change in the way your vehicleresponds to a maneuver (i.e. steering,acceleration or braking).
Sand
When driving over sand, try to keep all fourwheels on the most solid area of the trail.Avoid reducing the tire pressures but shiftto a lower gear and drive steadily throughthe terrain. Apply the accelerator slowly andavoid excessive wheel slip.
Avoid driving at excessive speeds, thiscauses vehicle momentum to work againstyou and your vehicle could become stuck tothe point that assistance may be requiredfrom another vehicle. Remember, you maybe able to back out the way you came if youproceed with caution.
Mud and Water
Note:Driving through deep water maydamage the vehicle.
If you must drive through high water, driveslowly. Traction or brake capability may belimited.
When driving through water, determine thedepth and avoid water higher than thebottom of the hubs. If the ignition systemgets wet, your vehicle may stall.
Once through water, always try the brakes.Wet brakes do not stop your vehicle aseffectively as dry brakes. Drying can beimproved by applying light pressure to thebrake pedal when moving slowly.
Be cautious of sudden changes in vehiclespeed or direction when you are driving inmud. Even 4X4 vehicles can lose traction inslick mud. As when you are driving oversand, apply the accelerator slowly and avoidspinning your wheels. If the vehicle doesslide, steer in the direction of the slide untilyou regain control of the vehicle.
If the transmission, transfer case or front axleare submerged in water, their fluids shouldbe checked and changed, if necessary.
If the front or rear axle is submerged in water,the axle lubricant should be replaced.
After driving through mud, clean off residuestuck to rotating driveshafts and tires. Excessmud stuck on tires and rotating driveshaftscauses an imbalance that could damagedrive components.
Driving on Hilly or Sloping Terrain
Note:Avoid driving crosswise or turning onsteep slopes or hills.
Note: Avoid turning on steep slopes or hills. A danger lies in losing traction, slippingsideways and possible vehicle roll over. Whenever driving on a hill, determinebeforehand the route you will use. Do notdrive over the crest of a hill without seeingwhat conditions are on the other side. Donot drive in reverse over a hill without theaid of an observer.
Although natural obstacles may make itnecessary to travel diagonally up or down ahill or steep incline, you should always try todrive straight up or straight down.
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Four-Wheel Drive (If Equipped)

GENERAL INFORMATION
Note: Occasional brake noise is normal. Ifa metal-to-metal, continuous grinding orcontinuous squeal sound is present, thebrake linings may be worn-out and anauthorized dealer should check them. If thevehicle has continuous vibration or shudderin the steering wheel while braking, anauthorized dealer should check your vehicle.
Note:Brake dust may accumulate on thewheels, even under normal drivingconditions. Some dust is inevitable as thebrakes wear and does not contribute tobrake noise. See Cleaning the Wheels(page 385).
See Warning Lamps andIndicators (page 114).
Wet brakes result in reduced brakingefficiency. Gently press the brake pedal afew times when driving from a car wash orstanding water to dry the brakes.
Brake Over Accelerator
In the event the accelerator pedal becomesstuck or entrapped, apply steady and firmpressure to the brake pedal to slow thevehicle and reduce engine power. If youexperience this condition, apply the brakesand bring your vehicle to a safe stop. Switchthe engine off, move the transmission to park(P) and apply the parking brake. Inspect theaccelerator pedal and the area around it forany items or debris that may be obstructingits movement.If none are found and thecondition persists, have your vehicle towedto the nearest authorized dealer.
Emergency Brake Assist
Emergency brake assist detects when youbrake heavily by measuring the rate at whichyou press the brake pedal. It providesmaximum braking efficiency as long as youpress the pedal. Emergency brake assistcan reduce stopping distances in criticalsituations.
Anti-lock Brake System
This system helps you maintain steeringcontrol during emergency stops by keepingthe brakes from locking.
This lamp momentarily illuminateswhen you switch the ignition on. Ifthe light does not illuminate duringstart up, remains on or flashes, the anti-lockbraking system may be disabled. Have thesystem checked by an authorized dealer. Ifthe anti-lock brake system is disabled,normal braking is still effective.
If the brake warning lampilluminates with the parking brakereleased, have your brake systemserviced immediately.
It also illuminates momentarily when youswitch the ignition on to confirm the lamp isfunctional. If it does not illuminate when youswitch the ignition on, or begins to flash atany time, have the system checked by anauthorized dealer.
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HINTS ON DRIVING WITH ANTI-
LOCK BRAKES
The anti-lock braking system does noteliminate the risks when:
•You drive too closely to the vehicle infront of you.
•Your vehicle is hydroplaning.
•You take corners too fast.
•The road surface is poor.
Note: If the system activates, the brakepedal may pulse and may travel further. Maintain pressure on the brake pedal. Youmay also hear a noise from the system. Thisis normal.
ELECTRIC PARKING BRAKE
WARNING: Always fully apply theparking brake and make sure you shift intopark (P). Failure to follow this instructioncould result in personal injury or death.
WARNING: If you drive extendeddistances with the parking brake applied,you could cause damage to the brakesystem.
WARNING: The electric parkingbrake does not operate if the vehiclebattery is running out of charge.
Your vehicle has an electric parking brake.You operate it with a switch instead of alever. The switch is on the center console orto the left-hand side of the steering wheel,on the lower part of the instrument panel.
Note:The electric parking brake makesnoises during operation. This is normal.
Applying the Electric Parking Brake
Pull the switch upward.
The red warning lamp flashesduring operation and illuminateswhen the parking brake is applied.
Note:It remains illuminated for a shortperiod of time after you switch the ignitionoff.
If it continues to flash or does not illuminate,the system has malfunctioned. Have yourvehicle checked as soon as possible.
Note:You can apply the electric parkingbrake when the ignition is off.
Note:The electric parking brake couldautomatically apply when you shift into park(P). See Transmission (page 210).
Applying the Electric Parking Brake in anEmergency
Note:Do not apply the electric parking brakewhen your vehicle is moving, except in anemergency. If you repeatedly use the electricparking brake to slow or stop your vehicle,you could cause damage to the brakesystem.
You can use the electric parking brake toslow or stop your vehicle in an emergency.
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Pull the switch upward and hold it.
The red warning lamp illuminates,a tone sounds and the stoplampsturn on.
The electric parking brake continues to slowyour vehicle down unless you release theswitch.
Manually Releasing the Electric ParkingBrake
Switch the ignition on.
Press and hold the brake pedal.
Push the switch downward.
The red warning lamp turns off.
If it remains illuminated or flashes, the systemhas malfunctioned. Have your vehiclechecked as soon as possible.
Pulling Away on a Hill When Towing aTrailer
Press and hold the brake pedal.
Pull the switch upward and hold it.
Shift into gear.
Press the accelerator pedal until engine hasdeveloped sufficient torque to prevent yourvehicle from rolling down the hill.
Release the switch and pull awayin a normal manner.
Automatically Releasing the ElectricParking Brake
Close the driver door.
Shift into gear.
Press the accelerator pedal and pull away ina normal manner.
The red warning lamp turns off.
If it remains illuminated or flashes, the electricparking brake has not released. Manuallyrelease the parking brake.
Releasing the Electric Parking Brake ifthe Vehicle Battery is Running Out ofCharge
Connect a booster battery to the vehiclebattery to release the electric parking brakeif the vehicle battery is running out of charge.See Jump Starting the Vehicle (page 328).
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If your vehicle is not equipped with a manualtransmission and an information display, youcannot turn the system on or off. When youswitch the ignition on, the systemautomatically turns on.
AUTO HOLD
WARNING: The system does notreplace the parking brake. When you leaveyour vehicle, always apply the parkingbrake.
WARNING: You must remain in yourvehicle when the system turns on. At alltimes, you are responsible for controllingyour vehicle, supervising the system andintervening, if required. Failure to take caremay result in the loss of control of yourvehicle, serious personal injury or death.
WARNING: The system will turn offif a malfunction is apparent. Failure to takecare may result in the loss of control ofyour vehicle, serious personal injury ordeath.
The system uses your vehicle's brakes tohold your vehicle at a standstill after you stopyour vehicle and release the brake pedal.For example, Auto Hold can assist you whilestopping at traffic lights or while in trafficjams by holding the brake pressure for youonce you bring your vehicle to a stop.
Make sure you switch the system off beforetowing with your vehicle.
Note:In case of a malfunction in the systemwhile Auto Hold actively holds the vehicle(for example, low power supply), a messageappears in the information display askingyou to press the brake pedal. If you see thismessage, press the brake pedalimmediately.
Note:The system only activates if itrecognizes it is applying enough brakepressure. On a steep hill or slope, make sureyou press the brake pedal sufficiently toactivate the system.
Note:In some cases, Auto Hold might handover to the parking brake. When the parkingbrake applies, the red brake lamp appears.This is normal. When you press theaccelerator pedal, the drive away releasefeature releases the parking brake.
Note:Auto Hold works on all road grades.
Press the button to switch the system on andoff. The indicator light illuminates when youswitch the system on.
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PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
The traction control system helps avoid drivewheel spin and loss of traction.
If your vehicle begins to slide, the systemapplies the brakes to individual wheels and,when needed, reduces engine power at thesame time. If the wheels spin whenaccelerating on slippery or loose surfaces,the system reduces engine power in orderto increase traction.
USING TRACTION CONTROL
WARNING: The stability and tractioncontrol light illuminates steadily if thesystem detects a failure. Make sure youdid not manually disable the tractioncontrol system using the informationdisplay controls or the switch. If the stabilitycontrol and traction control light is still
illuminating steadily, have the systemserviced by an authorized dealerimmediately. Operating your vehicle withthe traction control disabled could lead toan increased risk of loss of vehicle control,vehicle rollover, personal injury and death.
The system automatically turns on each timeyou switch the ignition on.
If your vehicle is stuck in mud or snow,switching traction control off may bebeneficial as this allows the wheels to spin.
Note:When you switch traction control off,stability control remains fully active.
Switching the System On and Off
You can switch traction control on and offthrough the information display controls. SeeGeneral Information (page 120).
When you switch the system off, a messageand an illuminated icon appear on theinstrument cluster.
Switch traction control on again to return thesystem to normal operations.
Note:Your vehicle may have MyKeyrestrictions regarding this feature. SeePrinciple of Operation (page 67).
System Indicator Lights and Messages
The stability and traction controllight temporarily illuminates onengine start-up and flashes:
•When a driving condition activates eitherof the systems.
•If a problem occurs in either of thesystems.
The stability and traction controloff light temporarily illuminates onengine start-up and stays on whenyou switch the traction control system off.
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PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
WARNING: Vehicle modificationsinvolving braking system, aftermarket roofracks, suspension, steering system, tireconstruction and wheel and tire size maychange the handling characteristics of yourvehicle and may adversely affect theperformance of the electronic stabilitycontrol system. In addition, installing anystereo loudspeakers may interfere withand adversely affect the electronic stabilitycontrol system. Install any aftermarketstereo loudspeaker as far as possible fromthe front center console, the tunnel, andthe front seats in order to minimize the riskof interfering with the electronic stabilitycontrol sensors. Reducing theeffectiveness of the electronic stabilitycontrol system could lead to an increasedrisk of loss of vehicle control, vehiclerollover, personal injury and death.
WARNING: Remember that evenadvanced technology cannot defy the lawsof physics. It’s always possible to losecontrol of a vehicle due to inappropriatedriver input for the conditions. Aggressivedriving on any road condition can causeyou to lose control of your vehicleincreasing the risk of personal injury orproperty damage. Activation of theelectronic stability control system is anindication that at least some of the tireshave exceeded their ability to grip theroad; this could reduce the operator’sability to control the vehicle potentiallyresulting in a loss of vehicle control, vehiclerollover, personal injury and death. If yourelectronic stability control system activates,SLOW DOWN.
The system automatically turns on each timeyou switch the ignition on.
If a fault occurs in either the stability controlor the traction control system, you mayexperience the following conditions:
•The stability and traction control lightilluminates steadily.
•The stability control and traction controlsystems do not enhance your vehicle'sability to maintain traction of the wheels.
If a driving condition activates either thestability control or the traction control systemyou may experience the following conditions:
•The stability and traction control lightflashes.
•Your vehicle slows down.
•Reduced engine power.
•A vibration in the brake pedal.
•The brake pedal is stiffer than usual.
•If the driving condition is severe and yourfoot is not on the brake, the brake pedalmay move as the system applies higherbrake force.
The stability control system has severalfeatures built into it to help you maintaincontrol of your vehicle:
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Stability Control