esp MASERATI GRANTURISMO CONVERTIBLE 2020 Service Manual

ESC system brakes the appropriate
wheel to counteract over or under
steering.
• Oversteer - when the vehicle is
turning more than appropriate for
the steering wheel position.
• Understeer - when the vehicle is
turning less than appropriate for the
steering wheel position.
The ESC system has two available
operating modes:
ESC On
This is the normal ESC operating mode.
At each start-up of the vehicle, the ESC
system is set in this mode and should
be used for most driving conditions.
The ESC should only be turned off for
specific reasons as pointed out in the
following paragraphs.
ESC Off
The “ESC Off” mode is aimed for a
more spirited driving experience but
also purposeful for driving in deep
snow, sand, or gravel. The current
mode disables the traction control
portion of the ESC and raises the
threshold for ESC activation, allowing
higher wheel spin than normally
granted by the ESC system. The
(ESC
Off) button is fitted in front of the
transmission shift lever: to deactivatethe system see “Drive Mode” in this
section.
WARNING!
In SPORT mode the ESC control
thresholds are higher for maximum
performance on dry road surface. To
ensure maximum security of the ESC is
recommended not to activate SPORT
mode on surfaces with medium- and
low-grip (e.g., wet, snow, dirt, etc..)
with ESC system active (button
(ESC
Off) not pressed).
NOTE:
To improve the vehicle's traction when
driving with snow chains, or when
starting off in deep snow, sand, or
gravel, it may be desirable to switch to
the “ESC Off” mode by pressing the
(ESC Off) button and remain in this
operational mode no longer than
needed. Once the situation requiring
“ESC Off” mode is overcome, turn the
ESC on again by pressing the
(ESC
Off) button. This may also be
performed while in motion.
Anti-Slip Regulation (ASR)
The ASR incorporated in the ESC
system avoids skidding of the driving
wheels during acceleration by means
of the engine control unit (spark
advance delay, engine throttle
opening reduction and fuel injection
cut) and the rear brakes.
The ASR system is designed to enhance
vehicle stability and active safety while
driving, especially under the following
conditions:
• internal wheel skidding on curves
due to the load dynamic variations or
excessive acceleration;
• excessive power transmitted to the
wheels, also in relation to the road
surface conditions;
• acceleration on slippery, snowy or icy
road surfaces;
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nearest Centre of the Authorized
Maserati Dealer.
•The
warning light illuminates
when the engine is running to
indicate an EBD system malfunction.
In this case, sharp braking may
cause an early locking of the rear
wheels, and the vehicle may skid.
Drive with the greatest care and
have the system immediately
checked by the nearest Centre of the
Authorized Maserati Dealer.
Hydraulic Brake Assistance
(HBA)
HBA completes the ABS system by
optimizing the vehicle braking
capacity during emergency braking.
In the event of a critical situation,
where the vehicle must stop in the
shortest possible distance, the driver
usually depresses the brake pedal
quickly, but often not strongly
enough: this increases the braking
distance. HBA has been designed to
solve this problem and acts by
applying the maximum braking force
during emergency braking, in order to
stop the vehicle in the shortest
possible distance.
HBA recognizes the emergency
condition by analyzing someparameters, such as the pressure on
the brake servo, the wheel speed and
activation of the third stop. The ABS
control unit cross-checks this data and
substitutes the driver by activating the
braking system’s full power and so
ensures optimal braking performance
in the shortest possible distance.
Brake Override System (BOS)
To complete the range of systems that
assist braking, the vehicle is equipped
withBOS, which is designed to stop
the vehicle even when it is being
accelerated. If the brake pedal is
depressed together with the
accelerator, the engine power should
be automatically reduced and, if the
driver continues to depress the
accelerator, the system may even cause
the vehicle to come to a complete
stop.
Additionally, if the brake pedal is
released when the accelerator is still
depressed, the corresponding engine
torque can be reached gradually.
Using the Brakes
CAUTION!
To obtain a good performance of
brake pads and discs, avoid sudden
braking during the first 190 mi
(300 km).
The pad wear limit is indicated by the
illumination of the
warning light,
on the instrument cluster display.
In this event, please contact an
Authorized Maserati Dealer.
WARNING!
•Riding the brakes can lead to brake
failure and possibly an accident.
Driving with your foot resting or
riding on the brake pedal can result
in abnormally high brake
temperatures, excessive lining wear,
and possible brake damage. In an
emergency full braking capacity may
be impaired.
•If the
red warning light
illuminates when the engine is
running with the message that
indicates an insufficient brake fluid
level, stop the vehicle and check the
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(Continued)
brake fluid level immediately (see
"Maintenance Procedure" in section
“Maintenance and Care”). If fluid is
below the minimum level, top up
with the recommended fluid and
contact an Authorized Maserati
Dealer immediately to have the
system checked. Brake fluid leaks
affect the operation of the braking
systems.
•The brake system performance in
terms of active safety is not a reason
for the driver to run unnecessary
risks. The driving style shall always
be suited to weather conditions,
range of visibility and traffic.
•The maximum deceleration that can
be obtained always depends on the
tire grip on the road surface. With
snow or ice on the road the grip is
obviously reduced and the braking
distance is very high, even with the
ABS system.
Brake Pads and Brake Discs
Wear on the brake pads and brake
discs depends to a great extent on the
driving style and the conditions of use
and therefore cannot be expressed in
actual kilometers driven on the road.The high-performance brake system is
designed for optimal braking effect at
all speeds and temperatures.
Certain speeds, braking forces and
ambient conditions (e.g. temperature,
humidity and long outdoor stopping
periods) can therefore cause the
brakes to "squeal". This is normal and
will cease after a few brakings.
New Brake Pads and/or Brake
Discs
New brake pads have to be “broken
in”, and therefore only attain optimal
friction to the brake disc when the
vehicle has covered several
hundreds km.
During this first period, the slightly
reduced braking ability must be
compensated for by pressing the brake
pedal harder. This applies whenever
the brake pads and/or brake discs are
replaced.
Brake Overheating
Driving on mountain roads with steep
slopes or a sports use of the vehicle
could overheat the brake system
components. In these conditions,
parking brake must not be used since
the push on the brake shoes of the
power actuator might not be sufficientto ensure vehicle braking, especially on
a slope.
Drive normally without braking to
allow the brakes to cool down a few
minutes before stopping. In this way,
the automatic or manual activation of
the parking brake will ensure vehicle
braking.
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Use of the Engine
Breaking-In
Today's most modern production
methods are designed to provide
extremely precise construction and
assembly of components. However,
moving parts do undergo a settling
process, basically in the first hours of
vehicle operation.
Do not drive keeping at a constant
high speed rate for a prolonged time.
While cruising, brief full-throttle
acceleration within the limits of local
traffic laws contributes to a good
break-in. Wide-open throttle
acceleration in low gear can be
detrimental and should be avoided.
The engine oil installed in the engine
at the factory is a high-quality energy
conserving type lubricant. Oil changes
should be consistent with anticipated
climate conditions under which vehicle
operations will occur. For the
recommended viscosity and quality
grades, see “Refillings” in section
“Features and Specifications”.
A new engine may consume some oil
during its first few thousand
kilometers of operation. This should
be considered as a normal part of thebreak-in and not interpreted as an
indication of malfunction.
Avoid exceeding 5000 rpm for the first
620 trip mi (1000 km).
After starting the vehicle, do not
exceed 4000 rpm until the engine has
warmed up sufficiently (coolant
temperature: 149-158°F/65-70°C).
While Driving
Never travel with the tachometer
indicator approaching the peak rpm,
not even downhill. When the
tachometer indicator is approaching
the peak rpm (red colored zone), take
precautions to avoid exceeding that
limit.
Ensure proper operation of different
devices checking their respective
control telltales.
CAUTION!
• Under normal conditions, all red
warning lights on the instrument
cluster display should be off. When
they come on, they indicate a
malfunction. Refer to “Instrument
Cluster” in section “Dashboard
Instruments and Controls”.
• Continuing to drive when a red
warning light is on could cause
serious damage to the vehicle and
affect its performance.
WARNING!
Do not travel downhill with the
engine off, as the servo brake will no
longer function due to the vacuum
decrease and thus after a few braking
attempts, the system becomes totally
inefficient. The power steering will
also lose its efficiency under these
conditions.
Onboard Diagnostic System
Your vehicle is equipped with a
sophisticated onboard diagnostic
system. This system monitors the
performance of the emissions, engine,
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exhaust, do not idle the engine except
as necessary, service your vehicle in a
well-ventilated area and wear gloves
or wash your hands frequently when
servicing your vehicle. For more
information go to:
www.P65Warnings.ca.gov/passenger-
vehicle
Position of the Diagnostic Connector
The diagnostic connector is positioned
underneath the dashboard, next to
the hood opening lever. It can be
accessed without removing any cover.
Cruise Control (CC)
The CC enables the driver to maintain
the desired vehicle speed without
pressing the accelerator pedal,
reducing driving fatigue on highways,
especially long trips, as the set speed is
automatically maintained. A firm press
on the accelerator pedal or the
braking pedal will temporarily
deactivate the cruise control function.
CAUTION!
The device can only be switched on at
speeds exceeding 19 mph (30 km/h)
and it switches off automatically when
the brake pedal is pressed or when a
speed of 125 mph (200 km/h) is
exceeded.
WARNING!
The Cruise Control function must only
be activated when traffic and the
route permit a constant speed to be
maintained safely for a sufficiently
long distance.
Controls
The controls of the CC are located on
the multifunction lever, on the left
side of the steering wheel.
• The innermost ON/OFF switch has
two positions:
OFF: the CC is deactivated;
ON: the CC is active. When the CC is
activated, the
green warning
light on the display illuminates
together with the message “Cruise
control on”.
• The rotating section in the middle of
the left multifunction lever is used to
store the vehicle speed, to keep it
constant or to increase or decrease
the speed stored. Turn the rotating
section to position "+" to save the
speed reached or to increase the
speed stored. Turn the rotating
section to position "–" to decrease
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Tire Sizing Chart
EXAMPLE: P285/40 ZR19 (100Y) XL or
285/40 ZR19 (Y100) XL
Size Designation:
P= Passenger car tire size based on
U.S. design standards
“...blank...”= Passenger car tire
based on European design standards
285= Section width in millimeters
(mm)
40= Aspect ratio in percent (%) —
Ratio of section height to section
width of tire
ZR= Construction Code
• Z: means a tire usable at speeds
greater than 150 mph (240 km/h)
• R: means radial construction
19= Rim diameter in inches (in)
Service Description:
100= Load Index — A numerical
code associated with the maximum
load a tire can carry
Y= Speed Symbol — A symbol
indicating the range of speeds at
which a tire can carry a load
corresponding to its load index
under certain operating conditions.
The maximum speed corresponding
to the speed symbol should only be
achieved under specified operating
conditions (i.e., tire pressure, vehicle
loading, road conditions, and posted
speed limits)
Load Identification:
“...blank...”= Absence of any text on
the sidewall of the tire indicates a
Standard Load (SL) tire
XL= Extra Load (or reinforced) tire
LL= Light Load tire
Tire Identification Number (TIN)
The TIN may be found on one or both
sides of the tire, however the date
code may only be on one side. Tires
with white sidewalls will have the full
TIN, including the date code, located
on the white sidewall side of the tire.Look for the TIN on the outboard side
of black sidewall tires as mounted on
the vehicle. If the TIN is not found on
the outboard side, then you will find it
on the inboard side of the tire.
EXAMPLE: DOT MA L9 ABCD 0313
DOT= Department of Transportation
— This symbol certifies that the tire is
in compliance with the U.S.
Department of Transportation tire
safety standards and is approved for
highway use.
MA= Code representing the tire
manufacturing location (two digits).
L9= Code representing the tire size
(two digits).
ABCD= Code used by the tire
manufacturer (one to four digits).
03= Number representing the week
in which the tire was manufactured
(two digits). In this case, 03 means
the 3
rdweek.
13= Number representing the year
in which the tire was manufactured
(two digits). In this case, 13 means
the year 2013.
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Tire and Loading Information Label
The proper cold tire inflation pressure
is listed on the driver's side rear door
pillar.
This label tells you important
information about the:
• Number of people that can be
carried in the vehicle.
• Total weight the vehicle can carry.
• Tire size designed for the vehicle.
• Cold tire inflation pressures for the
front, rear, and spare tires.
Loading
The vehicle maximum load on the tire
must not exceed the load carrying
capacity of the tire on your vehicle.
You will not exceed the tire's load
carrying capacity if you adhere to the
loading conditions, tire size, and cold
tire inflation pressures specified onthe “Tire and Loading Information
Label” and in the “Features and
Specifications” section.
NOTE:
Under a maximum loaded vehicle
condition, gross axle weight ratings
(GAWRs) for the front and rear axles
must not be exceeded.
Tires
Driving over rough or damaged road
surfaces, as well as debris, curbs and
other obstacles can cause serious
damage to wheels, tires, and
suspension parts.
This is more likely to occur with
low-profile tires, which provide less
cushioning between the wheel and
the road.
Be careful to avoid road hazards and
reduce your speed, especially if your
vehicle is equipped with low profile
tires.
WARNING!
Overloading of your tires is
dangerous. Overloading can cause tire
failure, affect vehicle handling, and
increase the stopping distance. Use
tires of the recommended load
capacity for your vehicle. Never
overload them.
Department of Transportation
Uniform Tire Quality Grades
The following tire grading categories
were established by the National
Highway Traffic Safety Administration.
The specific grade rating assigned by
the tire's manufacturer in each
category is shown on the sidewall of
the tires on your vehicle.
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All passenger car tires must conform to
Federal safety requirements in
addition to these grades.
Treadwear
The Treadwear grade is a comparative
rating, based on the wear rate of the
tire when tested under controlled
conditions on a specified government
test course. For example, a tire graded
150 would wear one and one-half
times as well on the government
course as a tire graded 100. The
relative performance of tires depends
upon the actual conditions of their
use, however, and may depart
significantly from the norm due to
variations in driving habits, service
practices, and differences in road
characteristics and climate.
Traction Grades
The Traction grades, from highest to
lowest, are AAA, A, B, and C. These
grades represent the tire's ability to
stop on wet pavement, as measured
under controlled conditions on
specified government test surfaces of
asphalt and concrete. A tire marked C
may have poor traction performance.
WARNING!
The traction grade assigned to this tire
is based on straight-ahead braking
traction tests, and does not include
acceleration, cornering, hydroplaning,
or peak traction characteristics.
Temperature Grades
The temperature grades are A (the
highest), B, and C, representing the
tire's resistance to the generation of
heat and its ability to dissipate heat,
when tested under controlled
conditions on a specified indoor
laboratory test wheel. Sustained high
temperature can cause the material of
the tire to degenerate and reduce tire
life, and excessive temperature can
lead to sudden tire failure. The grade
C corresponds to a level of
performance, which all passenger car
tires must meet under the Federal
Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No.
109. Grades B and A represent higher
levels of performance on the
laboratory test wheel, than the
minimum required by law.
WARNING!
The temperature grade for this tire is
established for a tire that is properly
inflated and not overloaded. Excessive
speed, under-inflation, or excessive
loading, either separately or in
combination, can cause heat buildup
and possible tire failure.
Tire Pressure
Proper tire inflation pressure is
essential for safety and best
performance of your vehicle. The tire
pressure monitoring system “TPMS”
setup on the vehicle (see “Tire Pressure
Monitoring System” in this section)
may alert the driver about insufficient
tire pressure even though the driver is
responsible for regularly checking the
tire pressure.
Radial tires fitted on the vehicle may
look properly inflated even when they
actually are under inflated. Do not
make a visual judgment when
determining proper inflation.
Three primary driving aspects are
affected by improper tire pressure:
Safety
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WARNING!
•Improperly inflated tires can be
dangerous.
•Under-inflation increases tire flexing
and can result in tire overheating.
•Over-inflation reduces a tire's ability
to cushion shock. Objects on the
road and potholes can cause
damage that results in tire failure.
•Over-inflated or under-inflated tires
can affect vehicle handling and can
fail suddenly, resulting in loss of
vehicle control.
•Unequal tire pressures can cause
steering problems.
•Unequal tire pressures from one side
of the vehicle to the other can cause
the vehicle to drift to the right or
left.
•Always drive with each tire inflated
to the recommended cold tire
inflation pressure.
Economy
Improper inflation pressures may
cause uneven wear patterns to
develop across the tire tread. These
abnormal wear patterns will reduce
tread life resulting in a need for
earlier tire replacement. Under-inflation also increases tire rolling
resistance resulting in higher fuel
consumption.
Ride comfort and vehicle stability
Proper tire inflation contributes to a
comfortable ride. Over-inflation
produces a jarring and uncomfortable
ride.
Tire Pressure Checkup
The proper cold tire inflation pressure
is indicated on the driver's side rear
door pillar and on the table “Tire
Inflation Pressure” in section
“Features and Specifications”.
Inflation pressure specified on the
table always refers to “cold tire
inflation pressure”. Cold tire inflation
pressure is defined as the tire pressure
after the vehicle has not been driven
for at least three hours, or driven less
than 1 mi (1,6 km) after a three hour
period.
Check tire pressures more often in
case of significant outside
temperature changes, as tire pressure
varies according to temperature
changes.
The pressure should be checked and if
necessary adjusted; tire wear and
overall conditions should also be
checked monthly. Tire pressureschange by approximately 1 PSI (0,07
bar) per 12°F (7°C) of air temperature
change. Keep this in mind when
checking tire pressure inside a garage,
especially in winter.
Example: If garage temperature = 68°F
(20°C) and the outside temperature =
32°F (0°C) then the cold tire inflation
pressure should be increased by 3 PSI
(0,21 bar) for every 12°F (7°C) for this
outside temperature condition.
Tire pressure may increase from 2 to 6
PSI (0,13 to 0,4 bar) during operation.
DO NOT reduce this normal pressure
build-up or your tire pressure will be
too low. After inspecting or adjusting
the tire pressure, always reinstall the
valve stem cap. This will prevent
moisture and dirt from entering the
valve stem, which could damage the
valve stem and the TPMS sensor
connected to it.
Tread Wear Indicators
Tread wear indicators are in the
original equipment tires to help you
determine when your tires should be
replaced.
These indicators are molded into the
bottom of the tread grooves.
When the tread is worn to one of the
tread wear indicators, the tire should
be replaced.
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•Never exceed the maximum speed
rating of the tires. Risk of accident
and serious personal injury due to
excessive speed.
•Failure to equip your vehicle with
tires having adequate speed
capability can result in tire failure.
CAUTION!
Replacing original tires with tires of a
different size may result in false
speedometer and odometer readings.
Winter Tires
These tires are specially designed for
driving on snow and ice and are fitted
to replace the ones supplied with the
vehicle. Winter or all-season tires can
be identified by the M+S (Mud &
Snow) or 3PMSF (3 Peaks Mountain
Snow Flake) designation on the tire
sidewall.
Before mounting winter tires, contact
anAuthorized Maserati Dealerto
receive the technical information
necessary to advise you on wheel and
tire compatibility.
As to the type of tires to use, inflation
pressures and winter tires
specifications, carefully follow the
indications as reported in the“Technical Data” and “Tire Inflation
Pressure” chapters in section “Features
and Specifications”.
WARNING!
The standard tires profile and rubber
mixture are optimized for wet and dry
driving conditions. Standard tires may
not prove favorable for snow
conditions.
NOTE:
Snow tires should have the same load
capacity as original equipment tires
and should be mounted on all four
wheels.
Snow Chains
Maserati approved traction devices (or
snow chains) may be used to improve
traction on compacted snow in heavy
snow conditions.
The use of snow chains is specified by
local regulations of each country.
Use snow chains of reduced
dimensions, with a maximum
projection of 0.35 in (9 mm) beyond
the tire tread.
Maserati recommended to use snow
chains KONIG, type “Supermagic”.The snow chains may be fitted only on
rear wheel tires.
Please, contact your Service for further
information.
Check the snow chain tension after
driving for a distance of about 55 yd
(50 m) with the chains fitted.
With the snow chains fitted, it is
advisable to deactivate the ESC system
(see chapter “Drive Mode” in this
section).
CAUTION!
• The use of non-recommended snow
chains may damage the vehicle.
• Broken chains can cause serious
damage. Stop the vehicle
immediately if noise occurs that
could indicate chain breakage.
Remove the damaged parts of the
chain before further use.
• Do not exceed 30 mph (50 km/h).
• Drive cautiously and avoid severe
turns and large bumps, especially
with a loaded vehicle.
• Avoid holes in the road, do not drive
over steps or sidewalks and do not
drive on long stretches without
snow. This will prevent damage to
the vehicle and the roadbed.
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