wheel MAZDA MIATA 1997 Factory Repair Manual

SYSTEM OPERATION CHECK
Turn ignition on. AIR BAG warning light in instrument cluster should glow for 6 seconds and then turn off. If
AIR BAG warning light does not function as described, a failure has occurred in Supplemental Restraint
System (SRS). Repair malfunctioning SRS. See DIAGNOSIS
. Also, see SERVICE PRECAUTIONS .
SERVICE PRECAUTIONS
The following precautions should be observed when working with air bag systems:
Disable air bag before servicing any air bag system/steering column component. See DISABLING &
ACTIVATING AIR BAG SYSTEM .
Because of critical system operating requirements, DO NOT service any air bag system component or
wiring harness. Corrections are made by replacement only.
DO NOT use an ohmmeter to check resistance of air bag module, as it may cause air bag deployment.
When carrying a live (undeployed) module, ensure trim cover is pointed away from your body. This
minimizes chance of injury in event of accidental air bag deployment.
When placing a live air bag module on any surface, always face trim cover upward to reduce motion of
module if it is accidentally deployed.
SAS unit must always be installed with arrow facing the front of the vehicle.
DO NOT disconnect SAS unit until unit is firmly mounted in vehicle.
Disconnecting or removing SAS unit with ignition switch in ON position can cause accidental
deployment and serious personal injury. Before disconnecting or removing SAS unit connector or
removing SAS unit, turn ignition to LOCK position.
Air bag system clockspring MUST be aligned in neutral position, since its rotation ability is limited. DO
NOT turn steering wheel or column after removal of steering gear.
A double-lock mechanism is used on clockspring connectors. DO NOT use excessive force when
disconnecting connectors, as damage to connector may occur.
ADJUSTMENTS
CLOCKSPRING CENTERING
Turn clockspring clockwise until it stops, then turn clockspring counterclockwise 2.75 turns. Align marks on
clocksprin
g with marks on outer housing. See Fig. 2.

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AIR BAG RESTRAINT SYSTEM 1997 ACCESSORIES/SAFETY EQUIPMENT Mazda - Air Bag Restraint System
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REMOVAL & INSTALLATION
DRIVER-SIDE AIR BAG MODULE
Removal
Before proceeding, see SERVICE PRECAUTIONS . Disable air bag system. See DISABLING &
ACTIVATING AIR BAG SYSTEM . Remove driver-side air bag module nuts. Disconnect driver-side air bag
module connector. Disconnect support rope. See Fig. 6
. Remove driver-side air bag module.
If Air Bag Did Not Deploy)Steering Column, Steering Wheel, Wiring Harness
CommentsDO NOT attempt wiring harness repairs. Replace
entire harness. Impact sensors must always be
installed with arrow on sensor facing front o
f
vehicle.
WARNING:Follow air bag service precautions to prevent accidental air bag
deployment and personal injury. See SERVICE PRECAUTIONS
.
WARNING:DO NOT install driver-side air bag module unless DTC 6 is set. This can
cause accidental deployment of the air bag. Verify DTC 6 is indicated
before installing driver-side air bag module.
NOTE: After replacing components, check system to ensure proper operation. See
SERVICE PRECAUTIONS
.

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AIR BAG RESTRAINT SYSTEM 1997 ACCESSORIES/SAFETY EQUIPMENT Mazda - Air Bag Restraint System
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2. Drain cooling system. Remove dashboard. Remove heater unit. SAS unit connectors. Remove 4 SAS unit
mounting bracket nuts. Remove 2 SAS unit retaining screws. Remove SAS unit. See Fig. 9
.
Installation
To install, reverse removal procedure. Position SAS unit and bracket with arrow toward front of vehicle.
Tighten fasteners to specification. See TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS
. After SAS unit is installed, activate air
bag system. See DISABLING & ACTIVATING AIR BAG SYSTEM
. Check AIR BAG warning light to
ensure system is functioning properly. See SYSTEM OPERATION CHECK
.
CLOCKSPRING
Removal
1. Set front wheels in straight-ahead position. Before proceeding, see SERVICE PRECAUTIONS .
Disable air bag system. See DISABLING & ACTIVATING AIR BAG SYSTEM
.
2. Remove driver-side air bag module. See DRIVER
-SIDE AIR BAG MODULE . Remove steering wheel
nut. Using a puller, remove steering wheel. Remove steering column covers. Remove clockspring screws.
Remove clockspring and combination switch as an assembly.
Installation
1. To install, reverse removal procedure. Tighten steering wheel nut to specification. See TORQUE
SPECIFICATIONS .
2. After installation, activate air bag system. See DISABLING & ACTIVATING AIR BAG SYSTEM
.
Check AIR BAG warning light to ensure system is functioning properly. See SYSTEM OPERATION
CHECK .
SAS UNIT
Removal
1. Before proceeding, see SERVICE PRECAUTIONS . Disable air bag system. See DISABLING &
ACTIVATING AIR BAG SYSTEM .
2. SAS unit is located under center of dashboard. See Fig. 1
. Remove dashboard. Remove heater assembly.
Disconnect SAS unit connectors. Remove 4 SAS unit mounting bracket nuts. Remove 2 SAS unit
retainin
g screws. Remove SAS unit. See Fig. 9. NOTE: Clockspring is part of combination switch. When replacing clockspring, replace
the clockspring and combination switch as an assembly.

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AIR BAG RESTRAINT SYSTEM 1997 ACCESSORIES/SAFETY EQUIPMENT Mazda - Air Bag Restraint System
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4. Disconnect SAS unit connector. Check wiring between terminal K of SAS unit connector and terminal C
of passenger-side air bag module connector for short to ground, short to power or open circuit. If wiring
is OK, replace SAS unit. See SAS UNIT
under REMOVAL & INSTALLATION. If wiring is not OK,
replace wiring harness between passenger-side air bag module and SAS unit. Perform SYSTEM
OPERATION CHECK .
WIRE REPAIR
DO NOT repair air bag system wiring. If a problem is found with air bag system wiring, replace faulty wiring.
TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS
TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS
WIRING DIAGRAM
ApplicationFt. Lbs. (N.m)
Passenger-Side Air Bag Module Retaining Bolts13-20 (18-27)
Steering Wheel Nut29-36 (39-49)
INCH Lbs. (N.m)
Driver-Side Air Bag Module Retaining Nuts35-52 (4.0-5.8)
SAS Unit Retaining Nuts61-86 (6.7-9.8)

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AIR BAG RESTRAINT SYSTEM 1997 ACCESSORIES/SAFETY EQUIPMENT Mazda - Air Bag Restraint System
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ANTI-LOCK BRAKE SYSTEM
1997 BRAKES Mazda - Anti-Lock
DESCRIPTION
The Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS) control module senses reductions in front and rear wheel speed and
modulates hydraulic pressure to the brakes to prevent wheel lock-up. The ABS consists of a hydraulic unit, 4
wheel speed sensors and sensor rotors, valve relay, motor relay, pump motor and ABS control module. An ABS
warning light is located on the instrument cluster.
OPERATION
Under normal driving conditions, Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS) functions like a standard brake system. When
vehicle speed reaches 3.8 MPH, ABS will diagnose pump motor by briefly operating motor. Pump motor
operation may be heard inside vehicle.
ABS control module controls ABS by detecting speed sensor signals and activating solenoid valve in hydraulic
unit. Control module also controls pump motor and self-diagnostic function. If a problem is detected in ABS,
ABS will function like a conventional brake system. ABS warning light will also come on.
With detection of wheel lock-up, short pedal pulsations, occurring in rapid succession, will be felt in brake
pedal and steering wheel. Vehicle body may also vibrate slightly. These conditions are normal. Pedal pulsation
will continue until there is no longer a need for anti-lock function or until vehicle is stopped.
COMPONENT LOCATIONS
COMPONENT LOCATIONS CAUTION: See ANTI
-LOCK BRAKE SAFETY PRECAUTIONS article in GENERAL
INFORMATION.
NOTE: For more information on brake system, see BRAKE SYSTEM article.
ApplicationLocation
ABS Control ModuleUnder Carpet, Behind Passenger Seat
Data Link ConnectorLeft Side Of Engine Compartment
Front Sensor RotorOn Front Wheel Hub
Hydraulic UnitRight Rear Of Engine Compartment
Motor & Valve RelaysOn Hydraulic Unit
Pump MotorOn Hydraulic Unit
Rear Sensor RotorOn Rear Drive Axle
Wheel Speed SensorOn Knuckle

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ANTI-LOCK BRAKE SYSTEM 1997 BRAKES Mazda - Anti-Lock

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ANTI-LOCK BRAKE SYSTEM 1997 BRAKES Mazda - Anti-Lock
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BLEEDING BRAKE SYSTEM
1. Raise and support vehicle. Ensure brake fluid reservoir remains at least half full during bleeding
procedure. When bleeding brake system, start with longest brakeline first. Remove bleed screw cap.
Connect one end of transparent vinyl tube to bleed screw. Submerge other end of tube in a container half
filled with clean brake fluid.
2. Have an assistant depress brake pedal several times and hold in depressed position. Loosen bleed screw
and drain fluid into container. Tighten bleed screw.
3. Refill brake fluid reservoir if necessary. Repeat step 2) until air is no longer discharged. Tighten bleed
screw to 52-78 INCH lbs. (5.9-8.8 N.m). Ensure fluid leakage is not present. Add fluid to reservoir.
Repeat procedure for remaining wheels.
TROUBLE SHOOTING
Before attempting to diagnose vehicle, ensure ABS warning light is functioning properly. ABS warning light
will not illuminate and ABS will not operate if battery voltage is insufficient. Perform trouble shooting
procedures on ABS warning light to eliminate unnecessary repairs and/or component replacement.
ABS WARNING LIGHT DOES NOT ILLUMINATE WHEN IGNITION IS TURNED ON
1. Turn ignition on. Check if other warning lights illuminate. If other warning lights do not illuminate, check
METER fuse. Replace as necessary. If other warning lights illuminate, check for possible malfunction
and repair as necessary. Go to next step.
2. Turn ignition off. Disconnect ABS Control Module (ABS CM) connector. See COMPONENT
LOCATIONS . Turn ignition on. Check if ABS warning light illuminates. If ABS warning light
illuminates, go to next step. If ABS warning light does not illuminate, go to step 5).
3. Reconnect ABS CM connector. Turn ignition on. Check if ABS warning light illuminates. If ABS
warning light does not illuminate, go to next step. If ABS warning light illuminates, a temporary poor
contact in wiring may have occurred and ABS is now functioning properly.
4. Check if terminal AD of ABS CM harness connector is damaged or deformed. See Fig. 3
. If terminal AD
is damaged or deformed, replace wiring harness connector. If terminal AD is okay, replace ABS CM.
5. With ABS CM connector disconnected, use a jumper wire and ground terminal AD of ABS CM harness
connector. Check if ABS warning light illuminates. If ABS warning light illuminates, go to next step. If
ABS warning light does not illuminate, go to step 7).
6. With ABS CM disconnected, check continuity between terminal AB of ABS CM harness connector and
ground. Also, check continuity between terminal AC of ABS CM harness connector and ground, and CAUTION: DO NOT allow reservoir to run dry during brake bleeding procedure. If
brake fluid is spilled, clean surface immediately with alcohol, as brake
fluid will damage painted surfaces. Use only DOT 3 brake fluid and DO
NOT mix with any other types.
NOTE: Ensure brake pedal remains depressed until bleed screw is tightened.

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ANTI-LOCK BRAKE SYSTEM 1997 BRAKES Mazda - Anti-Lock
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3. Turn ignition off. Disconnect ABS CM connector. Measure voltage between terminals "A" and AB of
ABS CM harness connector. See Fig. 3
. Also, measure voltage between terminals "A" and AC of ABS
CM ha rness connector, and between terminals "A" and AM of ABS CM harness connector. If battery
voltage is present, go to next step. If battery voltage is not present, repair wiring harness.
4. Turn ignition off. Reconnect ABS CM connector. Drive vehicle and recheck ABS warning light. If ABS
warning light illuminates/goes out with vehicle stopped and during driving, replace ABS CM. If ABS
warning light does not illuminate/go out with vehicle stopped and during driving, a temporary poor
contact in wiring may have occurred and ABS is now functioning properly.
ABS WARNING LIGHT INDICATES NORMAL, BUT ABS DOES NOT OPERATE PROPERLY
Check for ABS DTCs. See RETRIEVING DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES
under DIAGNOSIS &
TESTING. If no DTCs are present, inspect mechanical system.
PRE-DIAGNOSIS INSPECTION
Visually inspect ABS components for possible cause of anti-lock problem. Visual inspection may help identify
cause of a simple malfunction. Ensure ABS warning light is functioning properly. See TROUBLE
SHOOTING .
ABS warning light illuminates under the following conditions:
Vehicle operated on snow or ice with parking brake activated, or a dragging brake at one wheel.
Different size tires being used.
Tires with different traction characteristics are used on same axle.
Vehicle is jacked up and drive wheels spin for 20 seconds or more with ignition on.
Low battery voltage.
If ABS warning light illuminates because of these conditions, turn ignition off, then back on. ABS warning light
will go out and no DTCs for described conditions will be stored in ABS control module memory.
DIAGNOSIS & TESTING
Diagnose ABS using New Generation Star (NGS) Tool (49-T088-0A0) and Adapter Harness (49-F066-002).
See RETRIEVING DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES
. On all models, test ABS control module using
DVOM and adapter harness. See ABS CONTROL MODULE under COMPONENT TESTING
.
If ABS test equipment is unavailable, test each component of ABS. See COMPONENT TESTING
. If all
ABS components test okay, replace ABS control module with a known-good module and retest system.
RETRIEVING DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES
Using New Generation Star (NGS) Tool
1. Turn ignition off. Connect New Generation Star (NGS) Tool (49-T088-0A0) to Data Link Connector

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(DLC). Set NGS Adapter (49-T088-003) to ABS. Select VEHICLE & ENGINE SELECTION, then select
vehicle model, engine type and model year. Select DIAGNOSTIC DATA LINK. Select ABS-ANTI
LOCK BRAKE MODULE.
2. Select DIAGNOSTIC TEST MODE and note any codes displayed. See DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE
CODE DESCRIPTION table. Perform appropriate test. See DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODE (DTC)
TESTING . Clear codes after servicing. See CLEARING CODES .
DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODE DESCRIPTION
DTCProbable Cause
05 Stoplight Switch Wiring Harness
11 Right Front Wheel Speed Sensor/Sensor Rotor
12 Left Front Wheel Speed Sensor/Sensor Rotor
13 Right Rear Wheel Speed Sensor/Sensor Rotor
14 Left Rear Wheel Speed Sensor/Sensor Rotor
15 Wheel Speed Sensor/Sensor Rotor
22 (1) Right Front Solenoid Valve (AV)
23 (2) Right Front Solenoid Valve (EV)
24 (1) Left Front Solenoid Valve (AV)
25 (2) Left Front Solenoid Valve (EV)
26 (1) Rear Solenoid Valve (AV)
27 (2) Rear Solenoid Valve (EV)
51 Valve Relay
53 Motor Relay/Pump Motor
61 ABS Control Module
(1)Pressure retention valve.
(2)Pressure reduction valve.

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ANTI-LOCK BRAKE SYSTEM 1997 BRAKES Mazda - Anti-Lock
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DTC 05: STOPLIGHT SWITCH WIRING HARNESS
1. Check stoplight switch wiring harness for open or short to ground between stoplight switch and ABS
control module. See WIRING DIAGRAMS
. Repair as necessary. If wiring harness is okay, go to next
step.
2. Clear DTCs. See CLEARING CODES under DIAGNOSIS & TESTING. Recheck for DTCs. If DTC 05
is displayed, replace ABS control module. If DTC 05 is not displayed, a temporary poor contact in wiring
may have occurred and ABS is now functioning properly.
DTCS 11, 12, 13 & 14: WHEEL SPEED SENSOR, SENSOR ROTOR, HYDRAULIC UNIT OR
WIRING HARNESS
1. Check ABS control module connector for poor connection. See COMPONENT LOCATIONS
. Repair
as necessary. If connector is okay, go to next step.
2. Check wiring harness for open or short to ground between suspect wheel speed sensor and ABS control
module. See WIRING DIAGRAMS
. Repair as necessary. If wiring harness is okay, go to next step.
3. Check suspect wheel speed sensor. See WHEEL SPEED SENSORS under COMPONENT TESTING
.
Replace as necessary. If wheel speed sensor is okay, go to next step.
4. Inspect wheel speed sensor rotor for damage or missing teeth. If sensor rotor is damaged or has missing
teeth, replace sensor rotor. If sensor rotor is okay, go to next step.
5. Inspect brakeline for damage. If brakeline is damaged, replace brakeline. If brakeline is okay, go to next
step.
6. Check hydraulic unit. See HYDRAULIC UNIT under COMPONENT TESTING
. Replace as
necessary. If hydraulic unit is okay, go to next step.
7. Clear DTCs. See CLEARING CODES
under DIAGNOSIS & TESTING. Recheck for DTCs after
driving vehicle from a stop to faster than 6.2 MPH. If DTC 11, 12, 13 or 14 is displayed, replace ABS
control module. If DTC 11, 12, 13 or 14 is not displayed, a temporary poor contact in wiring may have
occurred and ABS is now functioning properly.
DTC 15: WHEEL SPEED SENSOR, SENSOR ROTOR, HYDRAULIC UNIT OR WIRING HARNESS
If DTC 15 is displayed, perform DTCS 11
, 12, 13 & 14: WHEEL SPEED SENSOR, SENSOR ROTOR,
HYDRAULIC UNIT OR WIRING HARNESS test.
DTCS 22, 23, 24, 25, 26 & 27: SOLENOID VALVE OR WIRING HARNESS
1. Check ABS control module connector for poor connection. See COMPONENT LOCATIONS
. Repair
as necessary. If connection is okay, go to next step.
2. Check suspect solenoid valve with valve relay installed. See SOLENOID VALVES
under
COMPONENT TESTING. Replace as necessary. If solenoid valve with valve relay installed is okay, go
to next step.
3. Check suspect solenoid valve with valve relay removed. See SOLENOID VALVES
under
COMPONENT TESTING. Replace solenoid valve as necessary. If solenoid valve with valve relay
removed is oka
y, go to next step.

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ANTI-LOCK BRAKE SYSTEM 1997 BRAKES Mazda - Anti-Lock
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Fig. 6: Testing ABS Control Module (3 Of 3)
Courtesy of MAZDA MOTORS CORP.
HYDRAULIC UNIT
On-Vehicle Inspection
1. Ensure all diagnostic trouble codes have been cleared and battery is fully charged. See CLEARING
CODES under DIAGNOSIS & TESTING. Turn ignition on and check if ABS warning light goes out
after 2-4 seconds. If ABS warning light remains illuminated, ABS control module has detected a failure
and will not activate hydraulic unit. See DIAGNOSIS & TESTING
.
2. Turn ignition off. Ensure vehicle is on level surface. Raise and support vehicle. Place transmission in
Neutral. Release parking brake. Rotate wheels by hand and check for brake drag. Connect a jumper wire
between TBS terminal and GND terminal of data link connector. See Fig. 1
. Depress brake pedal and
have an assistant attempt to rotate right front wheel. Wheel should not rotate.
3. With brake pedal still depressed, turn ignition on. Brake should be momentarily released (about .5
second) and wheel should turn when pressure reduction operates. Check operation of remaining wheels
using same procedure beginning with left front, right rear, then left rear wheels.
4. If all wheels operate as specified, the following systems are operating properly.
Brake piping to hydraulic unit.
Braking system, including hydraulic unit.
Hydraulic unit electrical system (solenoid, pump motor, etc.)

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