MERCEDES-BENZ GLE 2019 Owner's Manual

Route guidance active
...................... 234S
Safety Children in the vehicle ..................... 59
see Occupant safety
see Operating safety
Safety system
see Driving safety systems
SD card
Inserting ........................................ 293
Inserting/removing ........................ 293
Removing ....................................... 293
SD memory card
see also Digital Operator's Man-
ual .................................................. 287
Selecting ........................................ 235
Search & Send
see also Digital Operator's Man-
ual .................................................. 287
Seat
Correct driver's seat position ........... 97
Seat belts
Adjusting the driver's and front-
passenger seat bel t......................... 48
Adjusting the height ......................... 48
Cleaning ......................................... 333
Correct usage .................................. 47
Fastening ......................................... 48
Important safety guidelines ............. 46
Introduction ..................................... 45
Releasing ......................................... 48
Switching belt adjustment on/off
(on-board computer) ...................... 240
Warning lamp ................................. 274
Warning lamp (function) ................... 48
Seats
Adjusting (electrically) ..................... 98
Adjusting the 4-way lumbar sup-
port ................................................ 101
Adjusting the head restraint ............ 99
Calling up a stored setting (mem-
ory function) .................................. 109
Cleaning the cover ......................... 333
Folding the rear bench seat for-
wards/back ................................... 298
Important safety notes .................... 97 Overview .......................................... 97
Seat heating problem .................... 103
Seat ventilation problem ................ 103
Storing settings (memory func-
tion) ............................................... 108
Switching seat heating on/of
f....... 101
Switching seat ventilation on/of f.. 102
Section
Sliding sunroof ................................. 92
Securing hooks .................................. 300
Selector lever
Cleaning ......................................... 332
Sensors (cleaning instructions) ....... 330
Service menu (on-board com-
puter) .................................................. 238
Service message
see ASSYST PLUS
Service products
Brake fluid ..................................... 388
Coolant (engine) ............................ 388
DEF special additives ..................... 386
Engine oil ....................................... 387
Fuel ................................................ 384
Important safety notes .................. 383
Refrigerant (air-conditioning sys-
tem) ............................................... 389
Washer fluid ................................... 389
Setting the air distribution ............... 129
Setting the airflow ............................ 129
Setting the date/time format
see also Digital Operator's Man-
ual .................................................. 287
Setting the language
see also Digital Operator's Man-
ual .................................................. 287
Setting the time
see also Digital Operator's Man-
ual .................................................. 287
Settings
Factory (on-board computer) ......... 241
On-board compute r....................... 239
SETUP (on-board computer,
Mercedes-AMG vehicles) .................. 242
Side impact air bag ............................. 51
Side marker lamp (display mes-
sage) ................................................... 256 Index
19

Side windows
Cleaning ......................................... 330
Convenience closing feature ............ 90
Convenience opening feature ..........89
Important safety information ........... 88
Opening/closing .............................. 89
Overview .......................................... 88
Problem (malfunction) .....................91
Resetting ........................................ .91
Reversing feature ............................ .89
SIRIUS services
see also Digital Operator's Man-
ual .................................................. 287
Sliding sunroof
Important safety notes .................... 92
Opening/closing .............................. 93
Problem (malfunction) ..................... 95
Resetting ......................................... 93
see Panorama roof with power
tilt/sliding panel
SmartKey
Changing the battery ....................... 80
Changing the programming .............79
Checking the battery ...................... .80
Convenience closing feature ............ 90
Convenience opening feature .......... 89
Display message ............................ 273
Door central locking/unlocking ...... .77
Important safety notes .................... 77
KEYLESS-GO start function .............. 79
Loss .................................................81
Mechanical key ................................ 79
Overview .......................................... 77
Positions (ignition lock) ................. 135
Problem (malfunction) ..................... 81
Starting the engine ........................ 137
Smartphone
Starting the engine ........................ 137
SMS
see also Digital Operator's Man-
ual .................................................. 287
Snow chains
Information .................................... 353
Sockets
Center console .............................. 308
General notes ................................ 308
Luggage compartment ...................3 08
Rear compartment ......................... 308 Sound
Switching on/off ........................... 288
Special seat belt retractor .................. 60
Specialist workshop ............................ 31
Speed, controlling
see Cruise control
Speedometer
Digital ............................................ 233
In the Instrument cluster ................. 37
Segments ...................................... 229
Selecting the display unit .............. .239
Standing lamps
Display message ............................ 256
Switching on/off ........................... 111
Start/Stop button
Starting the engine ........................ 137
Start/stop function
see ECO start/stop function
Starting (engine) ................................ 136
STEER CONTROL .................................. 75
Steering
Display message ............................ 272
Steering wheel
Adjusting (electrically) ................... 104
Adjusting (manually) ...................... 103
Button overview ............................... 38
Buttons (on-board computer) ......... 230
Cleaning ......................................... 332
Important safety notes .................. 103
Steering wheel heating .................. 104
Storing settings (memory func-
tion) ............................................... 108
Steering wheel heating
Problem (malfunction) ................... 104
Switching on/of f........................... 104
Steering wheel paddle shifters ........ 147
Stopwatch (RACETIMER) ................... 242
Stowage areas ................................... 295
Stowage compartments
Armrest (under) ............................. 296
Center console .............................. 297
Center console (rear) ..................... 297
Cup holders ................................... 304
Eyeglasses compartment ............... 297
Glove box ....................................... 296
Important safety information ......... 295
Stowage net ................................... 297 20
Index

Stowage net
....................................... 297
Summer tires
In winter ........................................3 53
Sun visor ............................................ 305
Suspension setting
AIRMATIC ...................................... 183
AMG adaptive sport suspension
system .......................................... .187
Suspension tuning
SETUP (on-board computer,
Mercedes-AMG vehicles) .............. .242
SUV
(Sport Utility Vehicle) ....................... 30
Switching air-recirculation mode
on/off ................................................. 131
Switching on media mode
Via the device lis t.......................... 293 T
Tachometer ........................................ 229
Tailgate
Display message ............................ 271
Emergency unlocking ....................... 88
Important safety notes .................... 84
Limiting the opening angle ............... 88
Opening dimensions ...................... 390
Opening/closing (automatically
from inside) ...................................... 87
Opening/closing (automatically
from outside) ................................... 86
Opening/closing (from outside) ....... 85
Power closing .................................. 84
Tank
see Fuel tank
Tank content
Fuel gauge ....................................... 37
Technical data
Capacities ...................................... 383
Information .................................... 381
Tires/wheels ................................. 376
Trailer loads ................................... 394
Vehicle data ................................... 390
Telephone
Accepting a call (multifunction
steering wheel) .............................. 236
Authorizing a mobile phone (con-
necting) ......................................... 291 Authorizing a mobile phone via the
device manager (connecting) ......... 292
Connecting a mobile phone
(device manager) ........................... 292
Connecting a mobile phone (gen-
eral information) ............................ 291
Display message ............................ 272
Menu (on-board computer) ............ 236
Number from the phone book ........ 236
Redialing ........................................ 236
Rejecting/ending a call ................. 236
see also Digital Operator's Man-
ual .................................................. 287
Temperature
Coolant (display in the instrumentcluster) .......................................... 230
Coolant (on-board computer,
Mercedes-AMG vehicles) ............... 241
Engine oil (on-board computer,
Mercedes-AMG vehicles) ............... 241
Outside temperature ...................... 229
Setting (climate control )................ 128
Transmission oil (on-board com-
puter, Mercedes-AMG vehicles) ..... 241
Through-loading feature ................... 298
Timing (RACETIMER) ......................... 242
Tire pressure
Calling up (on-board computer) ..... 358
Checking manually ........................ 357
Display message ............................ 268
Maximum ....................................... 357
Not reached (TIREFIT) .................... 339
Notes ............................................. 356
Reached (TIREFIT) .......................... 339
Recommended ............................... 354
Tire pressure loss warning system
General notes ................................ 357
Important safety notes .................. 358
Restarting ...................................... 358
Tire pressure monitor
Checking the tire pressure elec-
tronically ........................................ 360
Function/note s............................. 358
General notes ................................ 358
Important safety notes .................. 359
Radio type approval for the tire
pressure monitor ........................... 361
Restarting ...................................... 361 Index
21

Warning lamp ................................. 286
Warning message .......................... 360
Tire pressure table ............................355
TIREFIT kit
Important safety notes .................. 337
Storage location ............................ 335
Tire pressure not reached .............. 339
Tire pressure reached .................... 339
Using ............................................. 338
Tires
Aspect ratio (definition) ................. 370
Average weight of the vehicle
occupants (definition) .................... 369
Bar (definition) ............................... 369
Changing a wheel .......................... 371
Characteristics .............................. 369
Checking ........................................ 351
Curb weight (definition) ................. 370
Definition of terms ......................... 369
Direction of rotatio n...................... 372
Display message ............................ 268
Distribution of the vehicle occu-
pants (definition) ............................ 371
DOT (Department of Transporta-
tion) (definition) ............................. 369
DOT, Tire Identification Number
(TIN) ............................................... 368
GAWR (Gross Axle Weight Rating)
(definition) ..................................... 369
GTW (Gross Trailer Weight) (defi-
nition) ............................................ 370
GVW (Gross Vehicle Weight) (def-
inition) ........................................... 370
GVWR (Gross Vehicle Weight Rat-
ing) (definition) .............................. 370
Important safety notes .................. 351
Increased vehicle weight due to
optional equipment (definition) ...... 369
Information on driving .................... 351
Kilopascal (kPa) (definition) ........... 370
Labeling (overview) ........................ 366
Load bearing index (definition) ...... 371
Load index ..................................... 368
Load index (definition) ................... 370
M+S tire s....................................... 353
Maximum load on a tire (defini-
tion) ............................................... 370 Maximum loaded vehicle weight
(definition) ..................................... 370
Maximum permissible tire pres-
sure (definition) ............................. 370
Maximum tire load ......................... 368
Maximum tire load (definition) ....... 370
MOExtended tire s.......................... 353
Optional equipment weight (defi-
nition) ............................................ 371
PSI (pounds per square inch) (def-
inition) ........................................... 370
Replacing ....................................... 371
Service life ..................................... 352
Sidewall (definition) ....................... 371
Snow chains .................................. 353
Speed rating (definition) ................ 370
Storing ........................................... 372
Structure and characteristics
(definition) ..................................... 369
Summer tires in winter .................. 353
Temperature .................................. 365
TIN (Tire Identification Number)
(definition) ..................................... 371
Tire bead (definition) ...................... 370
Tire pressure (definition) ................ 370
Tire pressures (recommended) ...... 369
Tire size (data) ............................... 376
Tire size designation, load-bearing capacity, speed rating .................... 366
Tire tread ....................................... 352
Tire tread (definition) ..................... 370
Total load limit (definition) ............. 371
Traction ......................................... 365
Traction (definition) ....................... 371
Tread wear ..................................... 365
TWR (permissible trailer drawbar
noseweight) (definition) ................. 371
Uniform Tire Quality Grading
Standards ...................................... 364
Uniform Tire Quality Grading
Standards (definition) .................... 369
Wear indicator (definition) ............. 371
Wheel and tire combination ........... 376
Wheel rim (definition) .................... 369
see Flat tire
Top Tether ............................................ 62
Tow-starting
Emergency engine starting ............ 349 22
Index

Important safety notes .................. 345
Towing
Permitted towing methods ............ 347
Towing a trailer
Axle load, permissible .................... 394
Cleaning the trailer tow hitch .........3 31
Coupling up a trailer ..................... .223
Decoupling a trailer ....................... 225
Driving tips ................................... .221
Important safety notes .................. 220
Installing the ball coupling ............. 222
Lights display message .................. 256
Mounting dimensions .................... 394
Parking Assist PARKTRONIC .......... 188
Power supply ................................. 226
Pulling away with a trailer .............. 138
Removing the ball coupling ............ 225
Trailer loads ................................... 394
Towing away
Important safety guidelines ........... 345
Installing the towing eye ................ 347
Notes for 4MATIC vehicles ............ 348
Removing the towing eye .............. .347
Transporting the vehicle ................ 348
With both axles on the ground ....... 347
Towing eye ......................................... 335
Traffic reports
see also Digital Operator's Man-
ual ................................................. .287
Traffic Sign Assist
Activating/deactivating the warn-ing function ................................... .237
Display message ............................ 264
Function/notes ............................ .205
Important safety notes .................. 205
Instrument cluster display ............. 205
Trailer coupling
see Towing a trailer
Trailer loads and drawbar nose-
weights ............................................... 225
Trailer towing
Active Blind Spot Assist ................. 211
Active Lane Keeping Assist ............ 214
Blind Spot Assist ............................ 207
Permissible trailer loads and
drawbar noseweights ..................... 225
Transfer case ..................................... 150 Transmission
see Automatic transmission
Transmission position display ......... 145
Transporting the vehicle .................. 348
Traveling uphill
Brow of hill ..................................... 169
Driving downhill ............................ .169
Maximum gradient-climbing capa-
bility ............................................... 168
Trim pieces (cleaning instruc-
tions) ................................................. .332
Trip computer (on-board com-
puter) ................................................. .232
Trip odometer
Calling up ....................................... 232
Resetting (on-board computer) ...... 233
Trunk
see Tailgate
Turn signals
Display message ............................ 256
Replacing bulbs (front) ................... 117
Switching on/off ........................... 111
Two-way radio
Frequencies ................................... 381
Installation ..................................... 381
Transmission output (maximum ).... 381
TWR (Tongue Weight Rating) (defi-
nition) ................................................. 371
Type identification plate
see Vehicle identification plate U
Unlocking Emergency unlocking ....................... 84
From inside the vehicle (central
unlocking button) ............................. 83
Upshift indicator (on-board com-
puter, Mercedes-AMG vehicles) ....... 241
USB devices
Connecting to the Media Inter-
face ............................................... 294 V
Vanity mirror (in the sun visor) ........ 306
Vehicle
Correct use ...................................... 31 Index
23

Data acquisition ............................... 32
Display message ............................ 270
Equipment ....................................... 28
Individual settings .......................... 239
Limited Warranty ............................. 32
Loading .......................................... 361
Locking (in an emergency) ............... 84
Locking (SmartKey) .......................... 77
Lowering ........................................ 375
Maintenance .................................... 29
Operating safety .............................. 30
Parking .......................................... 156
Parking for a long period ................ 159
Pulling away ................................... 138
Raising ........................................... 373
Reporting problems ........................ .31
Securing from rolling away ............ 372
Towing away .................................. 345
Transporting .................................. 348
Unlocking (in an emergency) ........... 84
Unlocking (SmartKey) ...................... 77
Vehicle data ................................... 390
Vehicle battery
see Battery (vehicle)
Vehicle data ....................................... 390
Vehicle data (off-road driving)
Approach/departure angle ............ 393
Fording depth ................................ 392
Maximum gradient climbing abil-
ity .................................................. 393
Vehicle dimensions ........................... 390
Vehicle emergency locking ................ 84
Vehicle identification number
see VIN
Vehicle identification plate .............. 382
Vehicle level
AIRMATIC ...................................... 185
Vehicle level (display message) ....... 261
Vehicle tool kit .................................. 335
Video
Operating the DVD ......................... 235
see also Digital Operator's Man-
ual .................................................. 287
VIN ...................................................... 382
Seat ............................................... 383
Type plate ...................................... 382 W
Warning and indicator lamps ABS ................................................ 277
Brake s........................................... 276
Coolant .......................................... 283
Distance warning ........................... 285
Engine diagnostics ......................... 283
ESP ®
.............................................. 279
ESP ®
OFF ....................................... 280
Fuel tank ........................................ 283
Overview .......................................... 37
Parking brake ................................ 282
PASSENGER AIR BAG ...................... 45
Reserve fuel ................................... 283
Restraint system ............................ 282
Seat belt ........................................ 274
Tire pressure monitor .................... 286
Warranty .............................................. 28
Washer fluid
Display message ............................ 272
Weather display (COMAND)
see also Digital Operator's Man-
ual .................................................. 287
Wheel and tire combinations
Tires ............................................... 376
Wheel bolt tightening torque ........... 375
Wheel chock ...................................... 372
Wheels
Changing a whee l.......................... 371
Checking ........................................ 351
Cleaning ......................................... 329
Emergency spare wheel ................. 376
Important safety notes .................. 351
Information on driving .................... 351
Interchanging/changing ................ 371
Mounting a new wheel ................... 374
Mounting a wheel .......................... 372
Overview ........................................ 351
Removing a whee l.......................... 374
Snow chains .................................. 353
Storing ........................................... 372
Tightening torque ........................... 375
Wheel size/tire size ....................... 376
Window curtain air bag
Display message ............................ 253
Operation ......................................... 51 24
Index

Windows
see Side windows
Windshield
Defrosting ...................................... 129
Infrared reflective .......................... 320
Windshield washer fluid
see Windshield washer system
Windshield washer system
Adding washer flui d....................... 325
Important safety notes .................. 389
Windshield wipers
Problem (malfunction) ................... 121
Rear window wipe r........................ 118
Replacing the wiper blades ............ 118
Replacing the wiper blades
(MAGIC VISION CONTROL) ............ 119
Switching on/of f........................... 117
Winter driving
Slippery road surfaces ................... 164
Winter operation
Overview ........................................ 353
Radiator cover ............................... 322
Winter tires
M+S tire s....................................... 353
Wiper blades
Cleaning ......................................... 330
Replacing ....................................... 118
Replacing (rear window )................ 120
Replacing (windshield) ................... 118
Wooden trim (cleaning instruc-
tions) .................................................. 332
Workshop
see Qualified specialist workshop Z
ZONE function Switching on/of f........................... 129 Index
25

Introduction
The printed Operator's Manual provides infor-
mation about the safe operation of your vehicle.
The Digital Operator's Manual provides compre- hensive and specifically adapted information on
your vehicle's equipment and multimedia sys-
tem. You can call up the Digital Operator's Man-
ual via the multimedia system.
i You will not incur any costs when calling up
the Digital Operator's Manual. The Digital
Operator's Manual works without connecting to the Internet.
There are three ways to access the topics of the Digital Operator's Manual:
R Visual search
The visual search allows you to explore your
vehicle "virtually". Starting from either the
vehicle exterior view or interior view, you can
access many of the different topics covered
by the Digital Operator's Manual. To access
the vehicle interior section, select the "Vehi-
cle interior" view.
R Keyword search
The keyword search allows you to search for a
keyword by entering characters. Further
information can be found in the Digital Oper-
ator's Manual in the "Audio 20" or "COMAND"
section under the "Character entry (teleph-
ony)" keyword.
R Contents
You can select individual sections in the con-
tents.
i The Digital Operator's Manual is deactiva-
ted for safety reasons while driving. Operation
Calling up the Digital Operator's Man-
ual
X Press the 00D4button on the center console.
The overview relating to the vehicle appears.
X Select the "Operator's Manual" menu item by
turning 3or pressing 7the controller.
X Confirm 7the message about the warning
and safety notes.
The menu for the Digital Operator's Manual
appears. Operating the Digital Operator's Man-
ual
General notes Please observe the information about the oper-
ation of the controller (Y page 288).
Content pages The content pages can be accessed by means of
a visual search, a keyword search or using the
contents. X
To scroll forward/back: turn3 the con-
troller.
X To display in full-screen or animation: slide
8 the controller to the left 0043.
X To select information text or save book-
marks: slide9 the controller to the
right 0044.
X To select a link: slide6the controller
down 0087.
X To exit a content page: select the0038
symbol 0085.
X To call up the menu of the Digital Opera-
tor's Manual:
select00DAsymbol 0083. 26
Digital Operator's Manual

Protecting the environment
General notes
H
Environmental note
Daimler's declared policy is one of compre-
hensive environmental protection.
The objectives are for the natural resources
that form the basis of our existence on this
planet to be used sparingly and in a manner
that takes the requirements of both nature
and humanity into account.
You too can help to protect the environment
by operating your vehicle in an environmen-
tally responsible manner.
Fuel consumption and the rate of engine,
transmission, brake and tire wear are affected by these factors:
R operating conditions of your vehicle
R your personal driving style
You can influence both factors. You should
bear the following in mind:
Operating conditions:
R avoid short trips as these increase fuel con-
sumption.
R always make sure that the tire pressures
are correct.
R do not carry any unnecessary weight.
R remove roof racks once you no longer need
them.
R a regularly serviced vehicle will contribute
to environmental protection. You should
therefore adhere to the service intervals.
R always have service work carried out at a
qualified specialist workshop.
Personal driving style:
R do not depress the accelerator pedal when
starting the engine.
R do not warm up the engine when the vehicle
is stationary.
R drive carefully and maintain a safe distance
from the vehicle in front.
R avoid frequent, sudden acceleration and
braking. R
change gear in good time and use each gear
only up to 00C3of its maximum engine speed.
R switch off the engine in stationary traffic.
R keep an eye on the vehicle's fuel consump-
tion. Environmental concerns and recom-
mendations
Wherever the operating instructions require you to dispose of materials, first try to regenerate orre-use them. Observe the relevant environmen-
tal rules and regulations when disposing of
materials. In this way you will help to protect the environment. Genuine Mercedes-Benz parts
H
Environmental note
Daimler AG also supplies reconditioned major
assemblies and parts which are of the same
quality as new parts. They are covered by the same Limited Warranty entitlements as new
parts.
! Air bags and Emergency Tensioning Devi-
ces, as well as control units and sensors for
these restraint systems, may be installed in
the following areas of your vehicle:
R doors
R door pillars
R door sills
R seats
R cockpit
R instrument cluster
R center console
Do not install accessories such as audio sys-
tems in these areas. Do not carry out repairs or welding. You could impair the operating
efficiency of the restraint systems.
Have aftermarket accessories installed at a
qualified specialist workshop.
You could jeopardize the operating safety of
your vehicle if you use parts, tires and wheels as well as accessories relevant to safety which
have not been approved by Mercedes-Benz. This
could lead to malfunctions in safety-relevant Genuine Mercedes-Benz parts
27Introduction Z

systems, e.g. the brake system. Use only genu-
ine Mercedes-Benz parts or parts of equal qual- ity. Only use tires, wheels and accessories that
have been specifically approved for your vehi-
cle.
Genuine Mercedes-Benz parts are subject to
strict quality control. Every part has been spe-
cifically developed, manufactured or selected
for and adapted to Mercedes-Benz vehicles.
Therefore, only genuine Mercedes-Benz parts
should be used.
More than 300,000 different genuine
Mercedes-Benz parts are available for
Mercedes-Benz models.
All authorized Mercedes-Benz Centers maintain
a supply of genuine Mercedes-Benz parts for
necessary service and repair work. In addition,
strategically located parts delivery centers pro-
vide quick and reliable parts service.
Always specify the vehicle identification number
(VIN) when ordering genuine Mercedes-Benz
parts (Y page 382). Operator's Manual
Vehicle equipment
i This Operator's Manual describes all models
and all standard and optional equipment of
your vehicle available at the time of going to
print. Country-specific differences are possi-
ble. Bear in mind that your vehicle may not
feature all functions described here. This also applies to safety-relevant systems and func-
tions. The equipment in your vehicle may
therefore differ from that shown in the
descriptions and illustrations.
The original purchase contract documentation
for your vehicle contains a list of all the systems
in your vehicle.
Should you have any questions concerning
equipment and operation, please consult an
authorized Mercedes-Benz Center.
The Operator's Manual and Maintenance Book-
let are important documents and should be kept
in the vehicle. Service and vehicle operation
Warranty
The Limited Warranty for your vehicle applies in
accordance with the warranty terms and condi-
tions in the Service and Warranty Information
booklet.
Your authorized Mercedes-Benz Center will
replace and repair all factory-installed parts in
accordance with the following warranty terms
and conditions:
R New Vehicle Limited Warranty
R Emission System Warranty
R Emission Performance Warranty
R California, Connecticut, Maine, Massachu-
setts, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island
and Vermont Emission Control System War-
ranty
R State warranty enforcement laws (lemon
laws)
Replacement parts and accessories are covered
by the Mercedes-Benz Parts and Accessories
warranties. These are available at any author-
ized Mercedes-Benz Center.
i Should you lose your Service and Warranty
Information booklet, have an authorized
Mercedes-Benz Center arrange for a replace- ment. The new Service and Warranty Infor-
mation booklet will be posted to you. Information for customers in Califor-
nia
Under California law you may be entitled to a
replacement of your vehicle or a refund of the
purchase price or lease price, if after a reason-
able number of repair attempts Mercedes-Benz USA, LLC and/or its authorized repair or service
facilities fail to fix one or more substantial
defects or malfunctions in the vehicle that are
covered by its express warranty.
During the period of 18 months from original
delivery of the vehicle or the accumulation of
18,000 miles (approximately 29,000 km) on the odometer of the vehicle, whichever occurs first,
a reasonable number of repair attempts is pre-
sumed for a retail buyer or lessee if one or more
of the following occurs:
(1) the same substantial defect or malfunction results in a condition that is likely to cause 28
Service and vehicle operationIntroduction