engine MITSUBISHI TRITON 1997 Manual PDF

ENGINE COOLING ± Cooling Fan14-6
INSPECTION14100220023
COOLING FAN CHECK

Check blades for damage and cracks.

Check for cracks and damage around bolt holes in fan
hub.

If any portion of fan is damaged or cracked, replace cooling
fan.
FAN CLUTCH CHECK

Check to ensure that fluid in fan clutch is not leaking
at case joint and seals. If fluid quantity decreases due
to leakage, fan speed will decrease and engine
overheating might result.

When a fan attached to an engine is turned by hand,
it should give a sense of some resistance. If fan turns
lightly, it is faulty.

Check bimetal strip for damage.

ENGINE COOLING ± Radiator14-15
REMOVAL SERVICE POINT
A
TRANSMISSION FLUID COOLER HOSE REMOVAL
After removing the hose from the radiator, plug the hose
and the radiator nipple to prevent dust or foreign particles
from getting in.

ENGINE ELECTRICAL ± Charging System16-6
This test determines whether the alternator output
current is normal.
(1) Before the test, always be sure to check the
following.

Alternator installation

Battery (Refer to GROUP 54 ± Battery.)
NOTE
The battery should be slightly discharged.
The load needed by a fully-charged battery
is insufficient for an accurate test.

Alternator drive belt tension (Refer to
GROUP 11 ± On-vehicle Service.)

Fusible link

Abnormal noise from the alternator while
the engine is running.
(2) Turn the ignition switch off.
(3) Disconnect the negative battery cable.
(4) Disconnect the alternator output wire from the
alternator ªBº terminal. Connect a DC test
ammeter with a range of 0 ± 100 A in series
between the ªBº terminal and the disconnected
output wire. (Connect the (+) lead of the
ammeter to the ªBº terminal. Connect the (±)
lead of the ammeter to the disconnected output
wire.)
Caution
Never use clips but tighten bolts and nuts
to connect the line. Otherwise loose
connections (e.g. using clips) will lead to
a serious accident because of high current.
NOTE
An inductive-type ammeter which enables
measurements to be taken without
disconnecting the alternator output wire should
be recommended.
(5) Connect a voltmeter with a range of 0 ± 20 V
between the alternator ªBº terminal and the
earth. (Connect the (+) lead of the voltmeter
to the ªBº terminal, and then connect the (±)
lead of the voltmeter to the earth.)
(6) Connect the negative battery cable.
(7) Connect a tachometer. (Refer to GROUP 11
± On-vehicle Service.)
(8) Leave the hood open.
(9) Check that the reading on the voltmeter is equal
to the battery voltage.
NOTE
If the voltage is 0 V, the cause is probably
an open circuit in the wire or fusible link between
the alternator ªBº terminal and the battery (+)
terminal.(10)Turn the light switch on to turn on headlamps
and then start the engine.
(11) Immediately after setting the headlamps to high
beam and turning the heater blower switch to
the high revolution position, increase the engine
speed to 2,500 r/min and read the maximum
current output value displayed on the ammeter.
Limit: 70% of normal current output
NOTE

For the nominal current output, refer to the
Alternator Specifications.

Because the current from the battery will
soon drop after the engine is started, the
above step should be carried out as quickly
as possible in order to obtain the maximum
current output value.

The current output value will depend on
the electrical load and the temperature of
the alternator body.

If the electrical load is small while testing,
the specified level of current may not be
output even though the alternator is normal.
In such cases, increase the electrical load
by leaving the headlamps turned on for
some time to discharge the battery or by
using the lighting system in another vehicle,
and then test again.

The specified level of current also may not
be output if the temperature of the alternator
body or the ambient temperature is too
high. In such cases, cool the alternator and
then test again.
(12)The reading on the ammeter should be above
the limit value. If the reading is below the limit
value and the alternator output wire is normal,
remove the alternator from the engine and
check the alternator.
(13)Run the engine at idle after the test.
(14)Turn the ignition switch off.
(15)Remove the tachometer.
(16)Disconnect the negative battery cable.
(17)Disconnect the ammeter and voltmeter.
(18)Connect the alternator output wire to the
alternator ªBº terminal.
(19)Connect the negative battery cable.

ENGINE ELECTRICAL ± Charging System16-8
(14)If the voltage reading conforms to the value
in the voltage regulation, then the voltage
regulator is operating normally.
If the voltage is not within the standard value,
there is a malfunction of the voltage regulator
or of the alternator.
(15)After the test, lower the engine speed to the
idle speed.
(16)Turn the ignition switch off.(17)Remove the tachometer.
(18)Disconnect the negative battery cable.
(19)Disconnect the ammeter and voltmeter.
(20)Connect the alternator output wire to the
alternator ªBº terminal.
(21)Remove the special tool, and return the
connector to the original condition.
(22)Connect the negative battery cable.
Voltage Regulation Table
Standard value:
Inspection terminalVoltage regulator ambient temperature
CVoltage V
Terminal ªSº±2014.2 ± 15.4
2013.9 ± 14.9
6013.4 ± 14.6
8013.1 ± 14.5

ENGINE ELECTRICAL ± Ignition System16-34
WAVEFORM OBSERVATION POINTS
Point A: The height, length and slope of the spark line show the following trends (Refer to abnormal
waveform examples, 1, 2, 3 and 4).
Spark linePlug gapCondition of
electrodeCompression
forceConcentration of
air mixtureIgnition timingSpark plug
cable
LengthLongSmallNormalLowRichAdvancedLeak
ShortLargeLarge wearHighLeanRetardedHigh
resistance
HeightHighLargeLarge wearHighLeanRetardedHigh
resistance
LowSmallNormalLowRichAdvancedLeak
SlopeLargePlug is fouled±±±±
Point B: Number of vibration in reduction vibration section (Refer to abnormal waveform example 5)
Number of vibrationsCoil and condenser
Three or moreNormal
Except aboveAbnormal
Point C: Number of vibrations at beginning of dwell section (Refer to abnormal waveform example 5)
Number of vibrationsCoil
5 ± 6 or higherNormal
Except aboveAbnormal
Point D: Ignition voltage height (distribution per each cylinder) shows the following trends.
Ignition
voltagePlug gapCondition of
electrodeCompression
forceConcentration of
air mixtureIgnition timingSpark plug cable
HighLargeLarge wearHighLeanRetardedHigh resistance
LowSmallNormalLowRichAdvancedLeak

ENGINE ELECTRICAL ± Ignition System16-38
WAVEFORM OBSERVATION POINTS
Point A: The height, length and slope of the spark line (refer to abnormal waveform examples 1, 2,
3 and 4) show the following trends.
Spark linePlug gapCondition of
electrodeCompression
forceConcentration of
air mixtureIgnition timingHigh tension
cable
LengthLongSmallNormalLowRichAdvancedLeak
ShortLargeLarge wearHighLeanRetardedHigh
resistance
HeightHighLargeLarge wearHighLeanRetardedHigh
resistance
LowSmallNormalLowRichAdvancedLeak
SlopeLargePlug is fouled±±±±
Point B: Number of vibration in reduction vibration section
(Refer to abnormal waveform example 5)
Number of vibrationsCoil, condenser
3 or higherNormal
Except aboveAbnormal
Point C: Height of Zener voltage
Height of Zener voltageProbable cause
HighProblem in Zener diode
LowAbnormal resistance in
primary coil circuit

ENGINE ELECTRICAL ± Glow System16-44
SERVICE SPECIFICATIONS16400030025
ItemStandard value
Resistance between glow plug plate and glow plug body
(parallel resistance for 4 glow plugs) (at 20
C) W0.10 ± 0.15
Voltage between glow plug plate and
glow plug body VImmediately after igni-
tion switch is turned to
ON (without starting
the engine)9 ± 11 (Drops to 0 V after 4 ± 8 seconds have passed)
While engine is crank-
ing6 or more
While engine is warm-
ing up12 ± 15 (Drops to 0 V when the engine coolant
temperature increases to 60
C or more or if 180
seconds have passed since the engine was started)
Glow plug resistance (at 20
C) W0.4 ± 0.6
SEALANT16400050021
ItemSpecified sealantRemark
Engine coolant temperature sensor3M Nut Locking Part No.4171 or equivalentDrying sealant

± Emission Control System ENGINE AND
EMISSION CONTROL17-6
EMISSION CONTROL SYSTEM 17300010184
GENERAL INFORMATION
The emission control system consists of the following subsystems:

Crankcase emission control system

Evaporative emission control system

Exhaust emission control system
ItemsNameSpecification
Crankcase emission
control systemPositive crankcase ventilation (PCV) valveVariable flow type
(Purpose: HC reduction)
Evaporative emission
control systemCanister
Purge control solenoid valveEquipped
ON/OFF type solenoid valve
(Purpose: HC reduction)
Exhaust emission
control systemAir-fuel ratio control device±MPI systemOxygen sensor feedback type
(Purpose: CO, HC, NOx reduction)
Exhaust gas recirculation system

EGR valve

EGR control solenoid valveEquipped
Single type
Duty cycle type solenoid valve
(Purpose: NOx reduction)
Catalytic converterMonolith type
(Purpose: CO, HC, NOx reduction)
EMISSION CONTROL DEVICE REFERENCE TABLE
Related partsCrankcase
emission
control
systemEvaporative
emission
control
systemAir/fuel
ratio
control
systemCatalytic
converterExhaust
gas
recircula-
tion systemReference
page
PCV valvey17-
Purge control solenoid valvey17-
MPI system componentyyGROUP 13A
Catalytic convertery17-
EGR valvey17-
EGR control solenoid valvey17-

MANUAL TRANSMISSION ± General Information22-2
GENERAL INFORMATION22100010113
ItemsVehicles with 4G63 engineVehicles with 4D56 engine
Transmission modelR5M21-5R5M21-5
Type5-speed, floor-shift5-speed, floor-shift
Gear ratio1st4.3304.330
2nd2.3552.355
3rd1.5091.509
4th1.0001.000
5th0.8270.827
Reverse4.1424.142
Speedometer gear ratio (driven/drive)29/826/8
ItemsVehicles with 4G64 engineVehicles with 4D56 engine
Transmission modelV5M21-9V5MT1-4
Type5-speed, floor-shift5-speed, floor-shift
Gear ratio1st3.9673.918
2nd2.1362.261
3rd1.3601.395
4th1.0001.000
5th0.8560.829
Reverse3.5783.925
Transfer type2-speed2-speed
Gear ratioHigh1.0001.000
Low1.9251.925
Speedometer gear ratio (driven/drive)27/825/8

AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION ±
General Information/
Service Specifications23-2
GENERAL INFORMATION23100010141
ItemsVehicles with 4G63 engineVehicles with 4D56 engine
Transmission modelR4AW2-6V4AW2-6
Type4-speed full automatic4-speed full automatic
Gear ratio1st2.8262.826
2nd1.4931.493
3rd1.0001.000
4th0.7300.688
Reverse2.7032.703
Transfer type±2-speed
Gear ratioHigh±1.000
Low±1.925
Speedometer gear ratio (driven/drive)22/625/8
SERVICE SPECIFICATIONS23100030130
ItemsStandard value
Distance between inner cable stopper and end of outer cable <4G63> mm0 ± 1
Distance between inner cable stopper and end of outer cable <4D56> mm34 ± 35
Lock-up solenoid valve coil resistance (at 20
C) WApprox. 13
Stall speed r/min4G632,100 ± 2,400
4D562,300 ± 2,600
Governor pressure kPa1,000 r/min137 ± 166
2,000 r/min245 ± 284
3,200 r/min402 ± 460
Line pressure kPaAt idle speedD range480 ± 558
R range735 ± 852
At stall speedD range1,019 ± 1,195
R range1,519 ± 1,911
Operation temperature of engine coolant
temperature switch
C
On (continuity)50 + 3
tem erature switch
C
Off (no continuity)43
Clearance between shift lever guide and steering column mm2.4 ± 3.6