check engine NISSAN ALMERA 2001 Service Manual

AUTOMATIC TRANSAXLE
SECTION
AT
CONTENTS
EURO-OBD
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS - INDEX....................................5
Alphabetical & P No. Index for DTC ...........................5
PRECAUTIONS...............................................................7
Supplemental Restraint System (SRS)²AIR
BAG²and²SEAT BELT PRE-TENSIONER²...............7
Precautions for On Board Diagnostic (EURO-
OBD) System of A/T and Engine - Euro-OBD - ..........7
Precautions ..................................................................7
Service Notice or Precautions .....................................9
Wiring Diagrams and Trouble Diagnosis ...................10
PREPARATION............................................................. 11
Special Service Tools ................................................ 11
Commercial Service Tools .........................................13
A/T FLUID......................................................................15
Checking A/T Fluid ....................................................15
Changing A/T Fluid ....................................................15
OVERALL SYSTEM......................................................16
A/T Electrical Parts Location .....................................16
Circuit Diagram ..........................................................17
Cross-sectional View - 3AX00, 3AX01, 3AX19,
3AX63 and 3AX64 models ........................................19
Cross-sectional View - 3AX10 and 3AX18
models .......................................................................20
Hydraulic Control Circuit ............................................21
Shift Mechanism ........................................................22
Control System ..........................................................31
Control Mechanism ....................................................32
Control Valve .............................................................37
EXCEPT FOR EURO-OBD
ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC............................................39
CONSULT-II ...............................................................39
Diagnostic Procedure Without CONSULT-II ..............44EURO-OBD
ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM............................50
Introduction ................................................................50
EURO-OBD Function for A/T System .......................50
One or Two Trip Detection Logic of EURO-OBD ......50
EURO-OBD Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC)............50
Malfunction Indicator (MI) ..........................................54
CONSULT-II ...............................................................54
Diagnostic Procedure Without CONSULT-II ..............63
EXCEPT FOR EURO-OBD
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS -...............................................69
Introduction ................................................................69
Work Flow ..................................................................73
EURO-OBD
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS - INTRODUCTION..................74
Introduction ................................................................74
Work Flow ..................................................................78
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS - BASIC INSPECTION...........80
A/T Fluid Check .........................................................80
Stall Test ....................................................................80
Line Pressure Test .....................................................84
Road Test...................................................................85
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS - GENERAL
DESCRIPTION.............................................................105
Symptom Chart ........................................................105
TCM Terminals and Reference Value...................... 118
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FOR POWER SUPPLY........123
Wiring Diagram - AT - MAIN ....................................123
Diagnostic Procedure ..............................................124
EXCEPT FOR EURO-OBD
VEHICLE SPEED SENSOR.A/T..................................126

Component Inspection .............................................251
DTC P0755 SHIFT SOLENOID VALVE B..................252
Description ...............................................................252
Wiring Diagram - AT - SSV/B ..................................254
Diagnostic Procedure ..............................................255
Component Inspection .............................................257
DTC P1705 THROTTLE POSITION SENSOR...........258
Description ...............................................................258
Wiring Diagram - AT - TPS ......................................261
Diagnostic Procedure ..............................................263
Component Inspection .............................................267
DTC P1760 OVERRUN CLUTCH SOLENOID
VALVE..........................................................................268
Description ...............................................................268
Wiring Diagram - AT - OVRCSV..............................270
Diagnostic Procedure ..............................................271
Component Inspection .............................................273
DTC BATT/FLUID TEMP SEN (A/T FLUID TEMP
SENSOR CIRCUIT AND TCM POWER SOURCE)....274
Description ...............................................................274
Wiring Diagram - AT - BA/FTS ................................276
Diagnostic Procedure ..............................................277
Component Inspection .............................................280
DTC VHCL SPEED SEN.MTR VEHICLE SPEED
SENSOR.MTR..............................................................281
Description ...............................................................281
Wiring Diagram - AT - VSSMTR ..............................283
Diagnostic Procedure ..............................................285
DTC CONTROL UNIT (RAM), CONTROL UNIT
(ROM)...........................................................................286
Description ...............................................................286
Diagnostic Procedure ..............................................286
DTC CONTROL UNIT (EEP ROM).............................288
Description ...............................................................288
Diagnostic Procedure ..............................................289
TROUBLE DIAGNOSES FOR SYMPTOMS...............290
Wiring Diagram - AT - NONDTC/General and
Except for Euro-OBD ...............................................290
Wiring Diagram - AT - NONDTC/EURO-OBD .........292
1. O/D OFF Indicator Lamp Does Not Come On....296
2. Engine Cannot Be Started In²P²and²N²
Position ....................................................................299
3. In²P²Position, Vehicle Moves Forward Or
Backward When Pushed .........................................300
4. In²N²Position, Vehicle Moves ...........................301
5. Large Shock.²N²->²R²Position .......................303
6. Vehicle Does Not Creep Backward In²R²
Position ....................................................................305
7. Vehicle Does Not Creep Forward In²D²,²2²
Or²1²Position .........................................................3088. Vehicle Cannot Be Started From D
1................... 311
9. A/T Does Not Shift: D
1-> D2Or Does Not
Kickdown: D
4-> D2..................................................314
10. A/T Does Not Shift: D
2-> D3.............................317
11. A/T Does Not Shift: D
3-> D4.............................320
12. A/T Does Not Perform Lock-up .........................323
13. A/T Does Not Hold Lock-up Condition ..............325
14. Lock-up Is Not Released ...................................327
15. Engine Speed Does Not Return To Idle (Light
Braking D
4-> D3).....................................................328
16. Vehicle Does Not Start From D
1.......................330
17. A/T Does Not Shift: D
4-> D3, When
Overdrive Control Switch²ON²->²OFF²...............331
18. A/T Does Not Shift: D
3-> 22, When Selector
Lever²D²->²2²Position.........................................332
19. A/T Does Not Shift: 2
2-> 11, When Selector
Lever²2²->²1²Position .........................................333
20. Vehicle Does Not Decelerate By Engine
Brake........................................................................334
21. TCM Self-diagnosis Does Not Activate (PNP,
Overdrive Control and Throttle Position Switches
Circuit Checks) ........................................................334
A/T SHIFT LOCK SYSTEM.........................................343
Description ...............................................................343
Shift Lock System Electrical Parts Location............343
Wiring Diagram - SHIFT -........................................344
Diagnostic Procedure ..............................................345
KEY INTERLOCK CABLE..........................................349
Components.............................................................349
Removal ...................................................................349
Installation ................................................................350
ON-VEHICLE SERVICE..............................................351
Control Valve Assembly and Accumulators .............351
Control Cable Adjustment ........................................352
Park/Neutral Position (PNP) Switch Adjustment .....352
Differential Side Oil Seal Replacement ...................353
Revolution Sensor Replacement .............................353
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION...............................354
Removal ...................................................................354
Installation ................................................................355
OVERHAUL.................................................................357
Components-1 3AX00, 3AX01, 3AX19, 3AX63
and 3AX64 models ..................................................357
Components-1 3AX10 and 3AX18 models .............358
Components-2 3AX00, 3AX01, 3AX19, 3AX63
and 3AX64 models ..................................................359
Components-2 3AX10 and 3AX18 models .............360
Components-3 3AX00, 3AX01, 3AX19, 3AX63
and 3AX64 models ..................................................361
Components-3 3AX10 and 3AX18 models .............362
Oil Channel ..............................................................363
CONTENTS(Cont'd)
AT-3

Alphabetical & P No. Index for DTCNJAT0243ALPHABETICAL INDEX FOR DTCNJAT0243S01Check if the vehicle is a model with Euro-OBD system or not by the
ªType approval numberº on the identification plate. Refer to GI-40,
ªIDENTIFICATION PLATEº.
Type approval number Model
Available With Euro-OBD system
Not available (blank) Without Euro-OBD system
Items
(CONSULT-II screen terms)DTC
Reference page
CONSULT-II
GST*1
A/T 1ST GR FNCTN P0731 AT-204
A/T 2ND GR FNCTN P0732 AT-211
A/T 3RD GR FNCTN P0733 AT-217
A/T 4TH GR FNCTN P0734 AT-223
ATF TEMP SEN/CIRC P0710 AT-189
ENGINE SPEED SIG P0725 AT-200
L/PRESS SOL/CIRC P0745 AT-239
O/R CLTCH SOL/CIRC P1760 AT-268
PNP SW/CIRC P0705 AT-183
SFT SOL A/CIRC*2 P0750 AT-246
SFT SOL B/CIRC*2 P0755 AT-252
TCC SOLENOID/CIRC P0740 AT-233
TP SEN/CIRC A/T*2 P1705 AT-258
VEH SPD SEN/CIR AT*3 P0720 AT-195
*1: These numbers are prescribed by SAE J2012.
*2: When the fail-safe operation occurs, the MIL illuminates.
*3: The MIL illuminates when both the ªRevolution sensor signalº and the ªVehicle speed sensor signalº meet the fail-safe condition at
the same time.
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS Ð INDEXEURO-OBD
Alphabetical & P No. Index for DTC
AT-5

P NO. INDEX FOR DTC=NJAT0243S02Check if the vehicle is a model with Euro-OBD system or not by the
ªType approval numberº on the identification plate. Refer to GI-40,
ªIDENTIFICATION PLATEº.
Type approval number Model
Available With Euro-OBD system
Not available (blank) Without Euro-OBD system
DTC
Items
(CONSULT-II screen terms)Reference page
CONSULT-II
GST*1
P0705 PNP SW/CIRC AT-183
P0710 ATF TEMP SEN/CIRC AT-189
P0720 VEH SPD SEN/CIR AT*3 AT-195
P0725 ENGINE SPEED SIG AT-200
P0731 A/T 1ST GR FNCTN AT-204
P0732 A/T 2ND GR FNCTN AT-211
P0733 A/T 3RD GR FNCTN AT-217
P0734 A/T 4TH GR FNCTN AT-223
P0740 TCC SOLENOID/CIRC AT-233
P0745 L/PRESS SOL/CIRC AT-239
P0750 SFT SOL A/CIRC*2 AT-246
P0755 SFT SOL B/CIRC*2 AT-252
P1705 TP SEN/CIRC A/T*2 AT-258
P1760 O/R CLTCH SOL/CIRC AT-268
*1: These numbers are prescribed by SAE J2012.
*2: When the fail-safe operation occurs, the MIL illuminates.
*3: The MIL illuminates when both the ªRevolution sensor signalº and the ªVehicle speed sensor signalº meet the fail-safe condition at
the same time.
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS Ð INDEXEURO-OBD
Alphabetical & P No. Index for DTC (Cont'd)
AT-6

parts. Apply petroleum jelly to protect O-rings and seals, or
hold bearings and washers in place during assembly. Do not
use grease.
+Extreme care should be taken to avoid damage to O-rings,
seals and gaskets when assembling.
+After overhaul, refill the transaxle with new ATF.
+When the A/T drain plug is removed, only some of the fluid is
drained. Old A/T fluid will remain in torque converter and ATF
cooling system.
Always follow the procedures under ªChanging A/T Fluidº in the
AT section when changing A/T fluid. Refer to ªChanging A/T
Fluidº, AT-15.
Service Notice or PrecautionsNJAT0247FAIL-SAFENJAT0247S01The TCM has an electronic Fail-Safe (limp home mode). This allows the vehicle to be driven even if a major
electrical input/output device circuit is damaged.
Under Fail-Safe, the vehicle always runs in third gear, even with a shift lever position of ª1º, ª2º or ªDº. The
customer may complain of sluggish or poor acceleration.
When the ignition key is turned ªONº following Fail-Safe operation, O/D OFF indicator lamp blinks for about
8 seconds. (For GENERAL AND EXCEPT FOR EURO-OBD; ªSELF-DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE (WITHOUT
CONSULT-II)º, refer to AT-44 and for EURO-OBD; ªTCM SELF-DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE (No Tools)º, refer
to AT-63.)
Fail-Safe may occur without electrical circuit damage if the vehicle is driven under extreme conditions (such
as excessive wheel spin followed by sudden braking). To recover normal shift pattern, turn the ignition key
ªOFFº for 5 seconds, then ªONº.
The blinking of the O/D OFF indicator lamp for about 8 seconds will appear only once and be cleared. The
customer may resume normal driving conditions.
Always follow the ªWORK FLOWº [Refer to AT-73 (General and except for Euro-OBD), AT-78 (EURO-OBD).]
The SELF-DIAGNOSIS results will be as follows:
The first SELF-DIAGNOSIS will indicate damage to the vehicle speed sensor or the revolution sensor.
During the next SELF-DIAGNOSIS, performed after checking the sensor, no damages will be indicated.
TORQUE CONVERTER SERVICENJAT0247S02The torque converter should be replaced under any of the following conditions:
+External leaks in the hub weld area.
+Converter hub is scored or damaged.
+Converter pilot is broken, damaged or fits poorly into crankshaft.
+Steel particles are found after flushing the cooler and cooler lines.
+Pump is damaged or steel particles are found in the converter.
+Vehicle has TCC shudder and/or no TCC apply. Replace only after all hydraulic and electrical diagnoses
have been made. (Converter clutch material may be glazed.)
+Converter is contaminated with engine coolant containing antifreeze.
+Internal failure of stator roller clutch.
+Heavy clutch debris due to overheating (blue converter).
+Steel particles or clutch lining material found in fluid filter or on magnet when no internal parts in unit are
worn or damaged Ð indicates that lining material came from converter.
PRECAUTIONS
Precautions (Cont'd)
AT-9

SMA827CA
Checking A/T FluidNJAT02281. Warm up engine.
2. Check for fluid leakage.
3. Before driving, fluid level can be checked at fluid temperatures
of 30 to 50ÉC (86 to 122ÉF) using ªCOLDº range on dipstick.
a. Park vehicle on level surface and set parking brake.
b. Start engine and move selector lever through each gear posi-
tion. Leave selector lever in ªPº position.
c. Check fluid level with engine idling.
d. Remove dipstick and note reading. If level is at low side of
either range, and fluid to the charging pipe.
e. Re-insert dipstick into charging pipe as far as it will go.
f. Remove dipstick and note reading. If reading is at low side of
range, add fluid to the charging pipe.
Do not overfill.
4. Drive vehicle for approximately 5 minutes in urban areas.
5. Re-check fluid level at fluid temperatures of 50 to 80ÉC (122
to 176ÉF) using ªHOTº range on dipstick.
SMA853B
6. Check fluid condition.
+If fluid is very dark or smells burned, refer to AT section for
checking operation of A/T. Flush cooling system after repair of
A/T.
+If A/T fluid contains frictional material (clutches, bands, etc.),
replace radiator and flush cooler line using cleaning solvent
and compressed air after repair of A/T. Refer to LC-16, ªRadia-
torº.
SMA027D
Changing A/T FluidNJAT02291. Warm up A/T fluid.
2. Stop engine.
3. Drain A/T fluid from drain plug and refill with new A/T fluid.
Always refill same volume with drained fluid.
Fluid grade:
Nissan Matic ªDº or Genuine Nissan Automatic
Transmission Fluid. Refer to ªRECOMMENDED FLU-
IDS AND LUBRICANTSº, MA-16.
Fluid capacity (With torque converter):
7.0!(6-1/8 Imp qt)
Drain plug:
: 29 - 39 N´m (3.0 - 4.0 kg-m, 22 - 29 ft-lb)
4. Run engine at idle speed for five minutes.
5. Check fluid level and condition. Refer to ªChecking A/T Fluidº.
If fluid is still dirty, repeat steps 2 through 5.
A/T FLUID
Checking A/T Fluid
AT-15

Valve name Function
Shift valve B Simultaneously switches three oil circuits using output pressure of shift solenoid valve B in
relation to driving conditions (vehicle speed, throttle opening, etc.).
Provides automatic downshifting and up-shifting (1st®2nd®3rd®4th gears/4th®3rd®
2nd®1st gears) in combination with shift valve A.
Overrun clutch control valve Switches hydraulic circuits to prevent engagement of the overrun clutch simultaneously with
application of the brake band in D
4. (Interlocking occurs if the overrun clutch engages during
D
4.)
1st reducing valve Reduces low & reverse brake pressure to dampen engine-brake shock when down-shifting
from the ª1º position 1
2to 11.
Overrun clutch reducing valve Reduces oil pressure directed to the overrun clutch and prevents engine-brake shock.
In ª1º and ª2º positions, line pressure acts on the overrun clutch reducing valve to increase
the pressure-regulating point, with resultant engine brake capability.
Torque converter relief valve Prevents an excessive rise in torque converter pressure.
Torque converter clutch control
valve, plug and sleeveActivates or inactivates the lock-up function.
Also provides smooth lock-up through transient application and release of the lock-up system.
1-2 accumulator valve and piston Dampens the shock encountered when 2nd gear band servo contracts, and provides smooth
shifting.
3-2 timing valve Switches oil pressure with 3-2 timing valve according to throttle opening.
Shuttle control valve Reduces shock when down-shifting from 3rd to 2nd and regulates overrun clutch.
Cooler check valve Regulates oil pressure which causes lock-up when driving at low speeds.
OVERALL SYSTEM
Control Valve (Cont'd)
AT-38

1 CHECK O/D OFF INDICATOR LAMP
1. Start engine and warm it up to normal operating temperature.
2. Turn ignition switch to ªOFFº position.
Wait 5 seconds.
3. Turn ignition switch to ªACCº position.
SAT774B
4. Set overdrive control switch to ªONº position.
5. Move selector lever to ªPº position.
6. Turn ignition switch to ªONº position. (Do not start engine.)
7. Does O/D OFF indicator lamp come on for about 2 seconds?
SAT123KA
YesorNo
Ye s©GO TO 2.
No©Go to ª1. O/D OFF Indicator Lamp Does Not Come Onº, AT-296.
2 JUDGEMENT PROCEDURE STEP 1
1. Turn ignition switch to ªOFFº position.
2. Turn ignition switch to ªACCº position.
3. Move selector lever to ªDº position.
4. Set overdrive control switch to ªOFFº position.
5. Turn ignition switch to ªONº position. (Do not start engine.)
+Wait more than 2 seconds after turning ignition switch ªONº.
SAT653E
©GO TO 3.
ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
EXCEPT FOR EURO-OBD
Diagnostic Procedure Without CONSULT-II (Cont'd)
AT-45

SAT964I
Malfunction Indicator (MI)=NJAT02551. The malfunction indicator will light up when the ignition switch
is turned ON without the engine running. This is for checking
the lamp.
+If the malfunction indicator does not light up, refer to EL-185,
ªWarning Lampsº.
(Or see MI & CONSULT-II in EC section. Refer to EC-74,
ªDescriptionº, ªMalfunction Indicator (MI)º and EC-83, ªCON-
SULT-IIº.)
2. When the engine is started, the malfunction indicator should go
off.
If the lamp remains on, the on board diagnostic system has
detected an emission-related (EURO-OBD) malfunction. For
detail, refer to EC-59, ªON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM
DESCRIPTIONº.
CONSULT-IINJAT0256After performing ªSELF-DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE (WITH CON-
SULT-II)º (AT-55), place check marks for results on the ªDIAGNOS-
TIC WORKSHEETº, AT-76. Reference pages are provided follow-
ing the items.
NOTICE:
1) The CONSULT-II electrically displays shift timing and lock-up
timing (that is, operation timing of each solenoid).
Check for time difference between actual shift timing and the
CONSULT-II display. If the difference is noticeable, mechani-
cal parts (except solenoids, sensors, etc.) may be malfunction-
ing. Check mechanical parts using applicable diagnostic pro-
cedures.
2) Shift schedule (which implies gear position) displayed on
CONSULT-II and that indicated in Service Manual may differ
slightly. This occurs because of the following reasons:
+Actual shift schedule has more or less tolerance or allowance,
+Shift schedule indicated in Service Manual refers to the point
where shifts start, and
+Gear position displayed on CONSULT-II indicates the point
where shifts are completed.
3) Shift solenoid valve ªAº or ªBº is displayed on CONSULT-II at
the start of shifting. Gear position is displayed upon completion
of shifting (which is computed by TCM).
4) Additional CONSULT-II information can be found in the Opera-
tion Manual supplied with the CONSULT-II unit.
ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM
DESCRIPTION
EURO-OBD
Malfunction Indicator (MI)
AT-54

SAT014K
SELF-DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE (WITH CONSULT-II)NJAT0256S011. Turn on CONSULT-II and touch ªENGINEº for EURO-OBD
detected items or touch ªA/Tº for TCM self-diagnosis.
If A/T is not displayed, check TCM power supply and ground
circuit. Refer to AT-118. If result is NG, refer to EL-10, ªPOWER
SUPPLY ROUTINGº.
SAT584J
2. Touch ªSELF DIAGNOSISº.
Display shows malfunction experienced since the last erasing
operation.
CONSULT-II performs ªreal time diagnosisº.
Also, any malfunction detected while in this mode will be dis-
played at real time.
SELF-DIAGNOSTIC RESULT TEST MODENJAT0256S02
Detected items
(Screen terms for CONSULT-II, ªSELF
DIAGNOSISº test mode)
Malfunction is detected when ...TCM self-diagnosis EURO-OBD (DTC)
Available by
O/D OFF
indicator lamp or
ªA/Tº on CONSULT-IIAvailable by
malfunction
indicator*2,
ªENGINEº on CON-
SULT-II or GST ªA/Tº ªENGINEº
PNP switch circuit+TCM does not receive the cor-
rect voltage signal (based on
the gear position) from the
switch.Ð P0705
ÐPNP SW/CIRC
Revolution sensor+TCM does not receive the
proper voltage signal from the
sensor.X P0720
VHCL SPEED
SEN´A/TVEH SPD SEN/CIR
AT
Vehicle speed sensor (Meter)+TCM does not receive the
proper voltage signal from the
sensor.XÐ
VHCL SPEED
SEN´MTRÐ
A/T 1st gear function+A/T cannot be shifted to the 1st
gear position even if electrical
circuit is good.Ð P0731*1
ÐA/T 1ST GR FNCTN
A/T 2nd gear function+A/T cannot be shifted to the 2nd
gear position even if electrical
circuit is good.Ð P0732*1
ÐA/T 2ND GR FNCTN
A/T 3rd gear function+A/T cannot be shifted to the 3rd
gear position even if electrical
circuit is good.Ð P0733*1
ÐA/T 3RD GR FNCTN
A/T 4th gear function+A/T cannot be shifted to the 4th
gear position even if electrical
circuit is good.Ð P0734*1
ÐA/T 4TH GR FNCTN
ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM
DESCRIPTION
EURO-OBD
CONSULT-II (Cont'd)
AT-55