charging NISSAN ALMERA N15 1995 Owner's Manual

TROUBLEDIAGNOSIS FORNON-DETECTABLE ITEMS
Fuel Pump
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

Enginespeed
Camshaft positionsensor
Startsignal
Ignition switch
The ECM activates thefuel pump forseveral sec-
onds aftertheignition switchisturned onto
improve enginestartability. Ifthe ECM receives
a 180
0
signal fromthecamshaft positionsensor,
it knows thattheengine isrotating, andcauses
the pump toperform. Ifthe 180
0
signal isnot
received whentheignition switchison, the
engine stalls.TheECM stops pump operation
and prevents batterydischarging, thereby
improving safety.TheECM does notdirectly
drive thefuel pump. Itcontrols theON/OFF fuel
pump relay, which inturn controls thefuel pump.
ECM

(ECCS
control module)
Condition
Ignition switchisturned toON.
Engine running andcranking
When engine isstopped
Except asshown above Fuel
pump relay
Fuel pump operation
Operates for
5 seconds
Operates
Stops in1second
Stops
•

COMPONENT DESCRIPTION

A turbine typedesign fuelpump isused inthe fuel tank.

AEC801
EC-145

TROUBLEDIAGNOSIS FORNON-DETECTABLE ITEMS
Fuel Pump
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

I
Camshaft positionsensor
I

Engine speed

~

ECM
(ECCS Fuel
control pump
!,gnition switch Start
signal
relay

I
module)

The ECM activates thefuel pump forseveral sec-
onds aftertheignition switchisturned onto
improve enginestartability. Ifthe ECM receives
a 180
0
signal fromthecamshaft positionsensor,
it knows thattheengine isrotating, andcauses
the pump toperform. Ifthe 180
0
signal isnot
received whentheignition switchison, the
engine stalls.TheECM stops pump operation
and prevents batterydischarging, thereby
improving safety.TheECM does notdirectly
drive thefuel pump. Itcontrols theON/OFF fuel
pump relay,which inturn controls thefuel pump.
Condition
Ignition switchisturned to"ON"
Engine running andcranking
When engine isstopped
Except asshown above Fuel
pump operation •
Operates for
5 seconds
Operates
Stops in1second
Stops

COMPONENT DESCRIPTION

The fuel pump withafuel damper isan in-tank type(thepump
and damper arelocated inthe fuel tank).

AECB01
EC-327

SEC5658Enginecoolant temperature sensor

Check engine coolant temperature sensorresistance.

Key-in switch

Check continuity betweenterminals ofkey-in switch connector.

11.5
5.6
3.7
1.2

Resistance
kfl
Continuity
No continuity
Continuity shouldexist.
Ignition
key
Not inserted
Inserted
Coolant
temp.°C('F)

-15 (5)

0(32)

10 (50)
40 (104)
TROUBLE
DIAGNOSES
Quick-glow System(Cont'd)

3. Install glowplugconnecting platesecurely.

Connecting
plate
Spring washer
~GIOwnut
Glow harness
Alternator
Refer to"CHARGING SYSTEM"inEL section.

EC-398

HOWTOREAD WIRING DIAGRAMS
Wiring Diagram Codes(CellCodes)

Use thechart below to'find outwhat each wiring diagram code•
stands for,

Code Section WiringDiagram Name
AACIV ECIACV-AAC
Valve
ABS BR
Anti-lock BrakeSystem
A/C HAManualAirConditioner
A/CCUT ECAir
Conditioner CutControl
A/T ATAutomatic Transmission
AIM ELHeadlamp System
AIRREG ECIACV-Air Regulator
AT/C ECA/TControl
AUDIO ELAudio
BACK/L ELBack-up Lamp
CHARGE ELCharging System
CHIME ELWarning Chime
CMPS EC
Camshaft PositionSensor
COOllF ECCooling
FanControl
DEF ELRearWindow Defogger
D/LOCK ELPowerDoorLock
DTRL ELHeadlamp
-With Daytime Light
System
ECTS ECEngine
Coolant Temperature
Sensor
EGR andcanister ControlSolenoid
EGRCIV EC
Valve
FCUT ECFuel
CutSolenoid Valve
F/FOG ELFront
FogLamp
FICO ECIACV-FICD
SolenoidValve
F/PUMP ECFuel
Pump
GLOW ECQuick-glow
system
H/LAMP ELHeadlamp
-Without Daytime
Light System
H/SEAT ELHeated
Seat
HEAT HA
Heater
HLC ELHeadlamp
Washer
H02S ECHeated
Oxygen Sensor
HORN ELHorn,
Cigarette Lighter,Clock
IATS ECIntake
AirTemperature Sensor
IGN/SG ECIgnition
Signal
ILL ELIllumination
INJECT ECInjector
INT/L ELInterior,
SpotandTrunk Room
Lamps Code
Section WiringDiagram Name
KS ECKnock
Sensor
LKUP ECTorque
Converter ClutchSolenoid
Valve
LOAD ECLoadSignal
MAFS ECMass
AirFlow Sensor
MAIN ECMain
Power Supply andGround
Circuit
METER ELSpeedometer,
Tachometer,Temp.
and Fuel Gauges
MIL ECMIL,
Data LinkConnector For
CONSULT
MIRROR ELDOOR
MIRROR
NATS ELNISSAN
ANTI-THEFT SYSTEM
02S ECOXYGEN
SENSOR
EC EVAP
CANISTER PURGECON-
PGCIV TROLSOLENOID VALVE
PLA ECPARTIAL
LOADADVANCE CON-
TROL
EC PARK/NEUTRAL
POSITION
PNP/SW SWITCH
POWER ELPOWER
SUPPLY ROUTING
POWER STEERING OILPRESSURE
PST/SW EC
SWITCH
R/FOG ELREAR
FOGLAMP
SROOF ELSUN
ROOF
SUPPLEMENTAL RESTRAINTSYS-
SRS RS
TEM
S/SIG ECST
ART SIGNAL
START ELSTARTING
SYSTEM
STOP/L ELSTOP
LAMP
TAllIL ELCLEARANCE,
LICENSE,ANDTAIL
LAMPS
TPS ECTHROTTLE
POSITIONSENSOR
TURN SIGNAL ANDHAZARD
TURN EL
WARNING LAMPS
VSS ECVEHICLE
SPEEDSENSOR
VTC ECVTC
SOLENOID VALVE
WARN ELWARNING
LAMPS
WINDOW ELPOWER
WINDOW
WIPER ELFRONT
WIPERANDWASHER
WIP/R ELREAR
WIPER ANDWASHER
GI-17

PRECAUTIONSANDPREPARATION
Precautions forRefrigerant Connection

WARNING: Make sureallrefrigerant isdischarged intotherecycling equipment andthepressure inthe system is
less than atmospheric pressure.Thengradually loosenthedischarge sidehose fitting andremove it.
CAUTION:
When replacing orcleaning refrigerant cyclecomponents, observethefollowing.
• When thecompressor isremoved, storeitin the same position asitis when mounted onthe car.
Failure todo sowill cause lubricant toenter thelow pressure chamber.
• When connecting tubes,always useatorque wrench andaback-up wrench.
• After disconnecting tubes,immediately plugallopenings toprevent entryofdirt and moisture.
• When installing anair conditioner inthe vehicle, connect thepipes asthe final stage ofthe opera-
tion. Donot remove theseal caps ofpipes andother components untiljustbefore required forcon-
nection.
• Allow components storedincool areas towarm toworking areatemperature beforeremoving seal
caps. Thisprevents condensation fromforming inside
AIC
components.
• Thoroughly removemoisture fromtherefrigeration systembeforecharging therefrigerant.
• Always replace usedO-rings.
• When connecting tube,apply lubricant toportions showninillustration. Becareful nottoapply
lubricant tothreaded portion.
Lubricant name:Nissan
AIC
System OilType R
Part number: KLHOO-PAGRO
• O-ring mustbeclosely attached toinflated portionoftube.
• After inserting tubeintounion untilO-ring isno longer visible, tightennuttospecified torque.
• After connecting line,conduct leaktestand make surethatthere isno leakage fromconnections.
When thegas leaking pointisfound, disconnect thatlineand replace theO-ring. Thentighten con-
nections ofseal seattothe specified torque.

O-ring
Apply lubrication oil.

NG

NG
OK -
Inflated portion
SHA525DA
HA-4

PRECAUTIONSANDPREPARATION
Special Service Tools(Cont'd)
CR-14 compressor

Tool number
Tool name
KV99106700
Clutch discwrench
KV991 06800
Pulley installer Description

NT351
NT352
Removing
shaftnutand clutch disc
Installing pulley

HFC-134a (R-134a)ServiceToolsandEquipment

Never mixHFC-134a refrigerant and/oritsspecified lubricantwithCFC-12 (R-12)refrigerant and/orits
lubrication oil.
Separate andnon-interchangeable serviceequipment mustbeused foreach typeofrefrigerant/
lubricant.
Refrigerant containerfittings,servicehosefittings andservice equipment fittings(equipment which
handles refrigerant and/orlubricant) aredifferent between CFC-12(R-12)andHFC-134a (R-134a).This
is to avoid mixed useofthe refrigerants/lubricant.
Adapters thatconvert onesize fitting toanother mustnever beused: refrigerant/lubricant contamina-
tion willoccur andcompressor failurewillresult.

Tool name
Description Note
HFC-134a (R-134a)refrig-

~~
Container
color:Lightblue
erant Containermarking:HFC-134a (R-134a)
Fitting size:Thread size
• large contai ner1/2"-16 ACME

NT196

Nissan A/CSystem Oil Type:Polyalkyline glycoloil(pAG), typeR
Type R

~
Application:
HFC-134a(R-134a)vanerotary
(Part No.:KLHOO-PAGRO)
compressors(Nissanonly)
Lubricity: 40me (1.4 Imp
fI
oz)

NT197

Recovery/Recycling/
~
Function:
Refrigerant RecoveryandRecy-
Recharging equipment

":'s
Q"'~
cling
andRecharging

==

•

~ t:J
~

II

NT195
HA-6

PRECAUTIONSANDPREPARATION
Precautions forService Equipment
RECOVERY/RECYCLING/RECHARGING EQUIPMENT

Be certain tofollow themanufacturers instructionsformachine
operation andmachine maintenance. Neverintroduce any
refrigerant otherthanthatspecified intothemachine.

ELECTRONIC LEAKDETECTOR

Be certain tofollow themanufactures instructionsfortester
operation andtester maintenance.

With isolator valve
Without isolatorvalve
VACUUM
PUMP

Hose fittings:

1/2".16ACME
Thelubricant contained insidethevacuum pumpisnot compat-
ible with thespecified lubricantforHFC-134a (R-134a)
AIC
sys-
tems. Thevent sideofthe vacuum pumpisexposed toatmo-
spheric pressure. Sothe vacuum pumplubricant maymigrate
out ofthe pump intotheservice hose.Thisispossible whenthe
pump isswitched offafter evacuation (vacuuming) andhose is
connected toit.
To prevent thismigration, useamanual valveplaced nearthe
hose-to-pump connection,asfollows.
• Usually vacuum pumpshaveamanual isolatorvalveaspart
of the pump. Closethisvalve toisolate theservice hose
from thepump.
• For pumps without anisolator, useahose equipped witha
manual shut-off valvenearthepump end.Close thevalve
to isolate thehose fromthepump.
• Ifthe hose hasanautomatic shutoffvalve, disconnect the
hose fromthepump. Aslong asthe hose isconnected, the
valve isopen andlubricating oilmay migrate.
Some one-way valvesopenwhen vacuum isapplied andclose
under ano vacuum condition. Suchvalves mayrestrict the
pump's abilitytopull adeep vacuum andarenotrecom-

RHA270D
mended.

MANIFOLD GAUGESET

Be certain thatthegauge faceindicates R-134aor134a. Besure
the gauge sethas
1/2"-16
ACMEthreaded connections forser-
vice hoses. Confirm theset has been usedonlywith refriger-
ant HFC-134a (R-134a)andspecified lubricants.

~

1f2"-16ACME

SHA533D

Hose fittings to
manifold gaugeorrecovery/recycling
equipment; 1/2"-16ACME

RHA272DSERVICE
HOSES

Be certain thattheservice hosesdisplay themarkings
described (coloredhosewithblack stripe). Allhoses must
include positive shutoffdevices (eithermanual orautomatic)
near theend ofthe hoses opposite themanifold gauge.

HA-8

Open

Close

AIC

service valve
Counterclockwise
Clockwise
Shut
offvalve rotation

Never
attempt toconnect HFC-134a (R-134a)servicecouplers to
an CFC-12 (R-12)
A/C
system. TheHFC-134a (R-134a)couplers
will notproperly connecttothe CFC-12 (R-12)system. However,
if an improper connection isattempted, discharging andcon-
tamination mayoccur.

REFRIGERANT WEIGHTSCALE

Verify thatnorefrigerant otherthanHFC-134a (R-134a)and
specified lubricants havebeenusedwiththescale. Ifthe scale
controls refrigerant flowelectronically, thehose fitting mustbe

1/2"-16 ACME.
RHA274D
PRECAUTIONS
ANDPREPARATION
Precautions forService Equipment (Cont'd)
SERVICE COUPLERS
RHA273D
M14

x
1.5 fitting
optional (Hose maybe
permanently
attached to
coupler)

Hose fittings:

1/2"-16ACME
To manifold gauge
CHARGING CYLINDER

Using acharging cylinderisnot recommended. Refrigerant
may bevented intoairfrom cylinder's topvalve whenfilling the
cylinder withrefrigerant. Also,theaccuracy ofthe cylinder is
generally lessthan thatofan electronic scaleorofquality
recycle/recharge equipment.

•

HA-9

DESCRIPTION
Refrigeration Cycle
REFRIGERANT FLOW

The refrigerant flowisinthe standard pattern.Refrigerant flowsthrough thecompressor, condenser,
liquid tank,evaporator andback tothe compressor.
The refrigerant evaporation throughtheevaporator coiliscontrolled byan externally equalizedexpan-
sion valve, located insidetheevaporator case.

FREEZE PROTECTION

The compressor cyclesonand offtomaintain theevaporator temperature withinaspecified range.When
the evaporator coiltemperature fallsbelow aspecified point,thethermo controlamplifier interrupts the
compressor operation.Whentheevaporator coiltemperature risesabove thespecification, thethermo
control amplifier allowscompressor operation.

REFRIGERANT SYSTEMPROTECTION
Dual-pressure switch

The dual-pressure switchislocated onthe liquid tank.Ifthe system pressure risesorfalls outof
specifications, theswitch openstointerrupt compressor clutchoperation.

Fusible plug

Open attemperature above105°C(221°F), thereby discharging refrigeranttothe atmosphere. Ifthis plug
is melted andopened, checktherefrigerant lineand replace liquidtank.

c:::::.J
High-pressure
EJ
Low-pressure
gas liquid

1:-:-:-:-::-:-::-:-:1
~~~~pressure
!::i'i'i':}':J
~~:-pressure
Compressor

D

Outside air

U
s

t

Fusible plug-~
~..
U

'" Expansionvalve
Liquid tank"'--Dual-pressure switch

HA-10
Blower
motor

SHA504D

SERVICEPROCEDURES
HFC-134a (R-134a)ServiceProcedure
SETTING OFSERVICE TOOLSANDEQUIPMENT
DISCHARGING REFRIGERANT

WARNING:
Avoid breathing
A/C
refrigerant andlubricant vaporormist. Exposure mayirritate eyes,noseandthroat.
Remove HFC-134a (R-134a)from
A/C
system usingcertified serviceequipment meetingrequirements
of HFC-134a (R-134a)recycling equipment orHFC-134a (R-134a)recovery equipment. Ifaccidental sys-
tem discharge occurs,ventilate workareabefore resuming service.Additional healthandsafety infor-
mation maybeobtained fromrefrigerant andlubricant manufacturers.

Example

I-,
V ~I~e service
I~ ~
..
_----~

Recovery/Recycling/Recharging equipment
SHA539DC
EVACUATING SYSTEMANDCHARGING REFRIGERANT
Example

Preferred (Best)method Alternate
method

Manifoldgaugeset
SHA540DC
HA-66