engine oil NISSAN ALMERA N15 1995 Owner's Manual

FRONTSUSPENSION SYSTEM
SEC. 391-400-401

When installing rubberparts,finaltightening mustbecarried outunder unladen condition" withtires onground .
• Fuel, radiator coolantandengine oilfull. Spare tire,jack, hand tools andmats indesignated positions.

~~25.29
~ (2.5•3.0, 18•22)

\ \
...

5

~ 98•118 (10•12, 72•87)

Front

to.J:
N. m (kg-m, ft-Ib)

SFA715B

CD
Suspension member

@
Stabilizer bar

@
Drive shaft
@

Coilspring

@
Strut assembly

@
Knuckle

FA-4
(J)

Transverse link

@
Front struttower bar

ON-VEHICLESERVICE
Front Wheel Alignment

Before checking frontwheel alignment, besure tomake apre-
liminary inspection (Unladen*).
*: Fuel, radiator coolantandengine oilfull. Spare tire,jack,
hand tools andmats indesignated positions.

SFA575B PRELIMINARY INSPECTION

1. Check tiresforwear andimproper inflation.
2. Check wheelrunout.

Wheel runout:
Refer toSOS (FA-30).

3. Check frontwheel bearings forlooseness.
4. Check frontsuspension forlooseness.
5. Check steering linkageforlooseness.
6. Check thatstruts workproperly.
7. Check vehicle posture (Unladen).

TOE-IN Measure toe-inusingfollowing procedure.
WARNING:
• Perform following procedure alwaysonaflat surface.
• Make surethatnoperson isin front ofthe vehicle before
pushing it.

1. Bounce frontofvehicle upand down tostabilize theposture.
2. Push thevehicle straight aheadabout5m (16 ft).
3. Put amark onbase lineoftread (rearside) ofboth tires at
the same height ashub center. Thesearemeasuring points.
4. Measure distance"A"(rear side).
5. Push thevehicle slowlyaheadtorotate thewheels 180
degrees (1/2turn).

If the wheels haverotated morethan180degrees
(112
turn), try
the above procedure againfromthebeginning. Neverpush
vehicle backward.

6. Measure distance"B"(front side).

Total toe-in
Refer toSOS (FA-29).
CAMBER,
CASTERANDKINGPIN INCLINATION
Camber, casterandkingpin inclination arepreset atfactory and
cannot beadjusted.

1. Measure camber,casterandkingpin inclination ofboth right
and leftwheels withasuitable alignment gauge.

Camber, CasterandKingpin inclination:
Refer toSOS (FA-29).

2. Ifcamber, casterorkingpin inclination isnot within
specification, inspectfrontsuspension parts.Replace dam-
aged orworn outparts.

Front
SFA948A
SFA614B
SFA234AC
Lines
parallel to
center lineofbody

Q

Front

Hub
center
height
FA-6

SEC.391.400.401

When installing rubberparts,finaltightening
must becarried outunder unladen condition'
with tires onground.
• Fuel, radiator coolanta'1dengine 011full.
Spare tire,Jack, hand toolsandmats In
designated positions.

@
~

L.~
(3.2-4.3, 23•31)

Front

CD
Spacer

@
Strut mounting insulator

@
Strut mounting insulator
bracket

@
Thrust bearing

@
Upper spring seat

@
Upper spring rubber seat

(J)
Bumper rubber

@
Coilspring
FRONT
SUSPENSION
@
Lower spring rubber seat

@)
Strut assembly

@
Suspension member

@
Stabilizer bar

@
Stabilizer clamp

@
Connecting rod

@
Transverse link

@
Compression rodclamp

@
Drive shaft

FA-24
~~
59.74
~~~.~ ::'.4:9- 54)

o
(2.5_3.0,
18 -22)
~
~~
~ ~

9=:

~~
-----J

/~18-24

1/ ~
(1.8.2.4,13.17)
~. @

&1
(@

~ J~!~5

(20-28, 145 •203)
~ 59•74 (6.0 -7.5, 43•54)

SFA624B

@
Knuckle

@
Cotter pin

@)
ABS sensor

@
Plain washer

@
Wheel bearing locknut

@
Insulator

@
Adjusting cap

@
Cotter pin

SERVICEDATAANDSPECIFICATIONS (50S)
General Specifications

Suspension type
Strut type
Stabilizer Independent
macpherson struts
Double-acting hydraulic
For 14-and 15-inch wheelmodels

Inspection andAdjustment
WHEEL ALIGNMENT (Unladen*1)

GAengine andSR CDengine andSR
Applied model engine
models with enginemodels with
14-inch wheels 15-inchwheels
Camber Minimum

-no'

(-1.33')

.

Degree minute Nominal
-0'35'
(-0.58')
(Decimal degree)Maximum 0'10'
(0.1
r)

Caster Minimum

0'40'(0.6r)

Degree minute Nominal
1
'25' (1.42')
(Decimal degree)Maximum 2'10'
(217")
Kingpin inclination Minimum14'00'
(14.00')
Degree minute Nominal
14'45'
(14.75')
(Decimal degree)Maximum 15'30'
(15.50')
Total toe-in Minimum0(0)
Distance (A-B) Nominal
2(008)
mm (in) Maximum 4(0.16)
Minimum 0'
(0.00')
Angle (leftplus right)
Nominal 11'
(0.18')
Degree minute
(Decimal degree)Maximum 22'
(0.37")
Wheel turning angle Minimum
38'00'
(38.00') 34'00'(34.00')
Inside Nominal4nO'
(41.00')
3rOO'(37.00')

Degree minute
(Decimal degree)Maximum
42'00'
(42.00')
38'00'(38.00')
Full (urn'2
Outside
Degreeminute Nominal 34'00'
(34.00') 31'00'(3100')
(Decimal degree)
'1' Fuel, radiator coolantandengine oilfull. Spare tire,jack, hand tools andmats indesignated positions.
'2: On power steering models,wheelturning force(atcircumference ofsteering wheel)of98 to147 N(10 to15 kg, 22to33 Ib)with engine
idle

FA-29
•

CONTENTS(Cont'd.)

CONSULT Reference ValueinData Monitor
Mode 74
Major Sensor Reference GraphinData
Monitor Mode 76
ECM Terminals andReference Value 78

TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FORPOWER SUPPLY 88

Main Power Supply andGround Circuit.. 88

TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FORDTC11 94

Camshaft PositionSensor(CMPS) 94

TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FORDTC
12 101
Mass AirFlow Sensor (MAFS) 101

TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FORDTC
13 108
Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor(ECTS) 108

TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FORDTC
21 113
Ignition Signal 113

TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FORDTC
34 119
Knock Sensor (KS) 119

TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FORDTC
41 124
Intake AirTemperature Sensor(IATS) 124

TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FORNON-DETECTABLE
ITEMS , '"
.128
Throttle Position Sensor 128
Vehicle SpeedSensor (VSS) 133
Start Signal 138
Injector 141
Fuel Pump 145
Idle AirControl Valve(IACV) -Auxiliary Air
Control (AAC)Valve 150
Cooling FanControl 156
Power Steering OilPressure Switch 169
Park/Neutral PositionSwitch 173
EVAP Canister PurgeControl Solenoid Valve179
EGR Valve andEVAP Canister PurgeControl
Solenoid Valve 183
Heated Oxygen Sensor(H02S) 189
Oxygen Sensor(02S) 194
Valve Timing Control (VTC) 198
IACV-FICD SolenoidValve 204
Electrical LoadSignal 211
Torque Converter ClutchSolenoid Valve 219
MIL
&
Data LinkConnectors 223

SR
ENGINE ANDEMISSION CONTROL OVERALL
SYSTE M
226
Circuit Diagram 226
System Diagram 227
ECCS Component PartsLocation 228
Vacuum HoseDrawing 231
System Chart... 232
ENGINE
ANDEMISSION BASICCONTROL
SYSTEM DESCRiPTION
233
Multipart FuelInjection (MFI)System 233
Distributor Ignition
(01)
System 235
Air Conditioning CutControl 236
Fuel CutControl (atnoload
&
high engine
speed) 237

EVAPORATIVE EMISSIONSYSTEM
238
Description 238
Inspection 238

POSITIVE CRANKCASE VENTILATION
240
Description 240
Inspection 240

BASIC SERVICE
PROCEDURE 241
Fuel Pressure Release 241
Fuel Pressure Check 241
Fuel Pressure Regulator Check 242
Injector Removal andInstallation 242
Idle Speed/Ignition Timing/IdleMixtureRatio
Adjustment 243

ON-BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMDESCRIPTION ..250

Malfunction IndicatorLamp(MIL) 250
CONSULT 254

TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS -General Description
264
Introduction 264
Work Flow 265
Description forWork Flow 266
Diagnostic Worksheet 267
Diagnostic TroubleCode(DTC) Chart 268
Fail-Safe Chart 270
Basic Inspection 271
Symptom MatrixChart. 274
CONSULT Reference ValueinData Monitor
Mode 277
Major Sensor Reference GraphinData
Monitor Mode 279
ECM"Terminals andReference Value 281

TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FORPOWER SUPPLY
286
Main Power Supply andGround Circuit.. 286

TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FORDTC
11 289
Camshaft PositionSensor(CMPS) 289

TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FORDTC
12 293
Mass AirFlow Sensor (MAFS) 293

TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FORDTC
13 297
Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor(ECTS) 297

TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FORDTC
21 301
Ignition Signal 301

TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FORDTC
34 306
Knock Sensor (KS) 306

CONTENTS(Cont'd.)
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FORDTC
43 309
Throttle Position Sensor 309

TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FORNON-DETECTABLE
ITEMS
314
Vehicle SpeedSensor (VSS) 314
Start Signal 317
Exhaust GasRecirculation (EGR)Valveand
EVAP Canister PurgeControl 319
Injector 324
Fuel Pump 327
Idle AirControl Valve(IACV)-Air Regulator 332
Idle AirControl Valve(IACV) -Auxiliary Air
Control (AAC)Valve :335
Idle AirControl Valve(IACV)-FICD Solenoid
Valve '"339
Cooling FanControl 343
Power Steering OilPressure Switch 354
Park/Neutral PositionSwitch 357
Heated Oxygen Sensor(H02S) 362
Torque
Converter
ClutchSolenoid Valve 367
Malfunction IndicatorLamp(MIL)
&
Data Link
Connector (DLC)forCONSULT 370

CD
INJECTION SYSTEM
371

VE.TYPE INJECTION PUMP
372
Removal 372
Installation 373
Adjustment 374

INJECTION NOZZLE
376
Removal andInstallation 376
Disassembly 376
Inspection 377
Cleaning 377
Assembly 378
Test andAdjustment 379
FUEL
SYSTEM CHECK
381
Priming PumpCheck 381
Fuel CutSolenoid Valve 381

CRANKCASE VENTILATION SYSTEM
382
Ventilation Hose 382

ENGINE ANDEMISSION CONTROLOVERALL
SYSTEM
383
Component PartsLocation 383
System Diagram 384
Circuit Diagram ,385
System Chart. 386

TROUBLE DIAGNOSES
387
ECM Terminals andReference Values 387
Quick-glow System 390
Partial LoadAdvance (PLA)Control 399
Cooling FanControl 404
Air Conditioner CutControl 413
Fuel CutControl 416

GA

SERVICE DATAANDSPECIFICATIONS
(505).417
General Specifications 417
Inspection andAdjustment.. 417

SR
SERVICE DATAANDSPECIFICATIONS
(505).418
General Specifications 418
Inspection andAdjustment.. .418

CD
SERVICE DATAANDSPECIFICATIONS
(505).419
VE-type Injection Pump 419
Injection Nozzle 419
•

When youread wiring diagrams:
• Read GIsection, "HOWTOREAD WIRING DIAGRAMS" .
• See Elsection, "POWER SUPPLYROUTING" forpower distribution circuit.
When youperform troublediagnoses, readGIsection, "HOWTOFOllOW FLOWCHART INTROU-
BLE DIAGNOSES" and"HOW TOPERFORM EFFICIENT DIAGNOSIS FORANELECTRICAL INCIDENT".

PRECAUTIONSANDPREPARATION
Special Service Tools

Tool number
Tool name Description Engine
application

SR GA
EG11140000
Ignition coiladapter
harness

KV10117100

Heated oxygen sensor
wrench

KV10114400

Oxygen sensorwrench
NT338
NT630
NT636
Measuring
enginespeed
Loosening ortightening
heated oxygen sensor
Loosening orlightening
heated oxygen sensor

a: 22 mm (0.87 in)
x

x
x

x

FOR CDENGINE VE-TYPE INJECTION PUMP
Adjusting deviceonvehicle

Tool number
Tool name Description

KV11229352

Measuring device

CD
KV11229350

Holder

@ KV11229360
Nut
@ KV11229370

Pin

@ KV11254410

Dial gauge

KV11102900

Pulley puller
NT570
NT647
EC-4
Measuring
setlength ofplunger spring
Removing injectionpumpsprocket

PRECAUTIONSANDPREPARATION
Special Service Tools(Cont'd)
FOR CDENGINE INJECTION NOZZLE

Tool number
Description
Tool name

KV11289004

Nozzle cleaning kit

CD
KV11290012

Box
@
KV11290110

Brush

@ KV11290122

Nozzle oilsump

•

scraper

@ KV11290140

Nozzle needle tip
cleaner
@
KV11290150

Nozzle seatscraper

@ KV11290210

Nozzle holder

!J) KV11290220

Nozzle holecleaning
needle
NT296
KV11292010

Nozzle centering device

NT293
KV11100300

Nozzle holdersocket

NT563
EC-5

PRECAUTIONSANDPREPARATION
Engine Fuel
&
Emission ControlSystem
I

GA, SR
I

BATTERY • Always usea12 volt battery aspower
source.
• Do not attempt todisconnect battery
cables whileengine isrunning.
INJECTOR • Do not disconnect injectorharness
connectors withengine running.
• Do not apply battery powerdirectly to
injectors.
ECCS PARTS HANDLING
• Handle massairflow sensor carefully to
avoid damage.
• Do not disassemble massairflow
sensor.
• Do not clean massairflow sensor with
any type ofdetergent.
• Do not disassemble IACV-AACvalve.
• Even aslight leakinthe airintake
system cancause serious problems.
• Do not shock orjar the camshaft
position sensor. ECM
• Do not disassembly EGM(EGGS control
module).
• Do not turn diagnosis modeselector
forcibly.
• Ifabattery terminal isdisconnected,
the memory willreturn tothe ECM
value.
The ECM willnow start toself-control
at its initial value. Engine operation can
vary slightly whentheterminal is
disconnected. However,thisisnot an
indication ofaproblem. Donot replace
parts because ofaslight variation.
WHEN STARTING
• Do not depress accelerator pedalwhen
starting.
• Immediately afterstarting, donot revup
engine unnecessarily .
• Do not revupengine justprior to
shutdown.
EC-8 WIRELESS
EQUIPMENT
• When installing C.B.hamradio ora
mobile phone, besure toobserve the
following asitmay adversely affect
electronic controlsystems depending
on itsinstallation location.
1) Keep theantenna asfar aspossible
away fromtheEGM.
2) Keep theantenna feederlinemore than
20 em (7.9 in)away fromtheharness
of electronic controls.
Do not letthem runparallel foralong
distance.
3) Adjust theantenna andfeeder lineso
that thestanding-wave ratiocanbe
kept smaller.
4) Be sure toground theradio tovehicle
body.
FUEL PUMP
• Do not operate fuelpump whenthere
is no fuel inlines.
• Tighten fuelhose clamps tothe
specified torque.
ECCS HARNESS HANDLING
• Securely connectEGGSharness
connectors.
A poor connection cancause an
extremely high(surge) voltage to
develop incoil and condenser, thus
resulting indamage toICs .
• Keep ECGS harness atleast 10em (3.9
in) away fromadjacent harnesses, to
prevent anEGGS system malfunction
due toreceiving externalnoise,
degraded operation ofIGs, etc.
• Keep EGCS partsandharnesses dry.
• Before removing parts,turnoffignition
switch andthen disconnect battery
ground cable.
SEF320R

ENGINEANDEMISSION CONTROLOVERALLSYSTEM
ECCS Component PartsLocation -GA14DE,
GA 16DE forEurope andIsrael
Mass airflow sensor
Throttle positionsensor
Power steering oil
pressure switch
Engine coolant temperature
sensor
IACV-FICDsolenoidvalve
IACV-AAC valveFast
idlecam EGRvalve
&
EVAP canister purgecontrol solenoid valve
Distributor withbuilt-in camshaft position
sensor, powertransistor andignition coil
•

Throttle positionsensor
SEF122R
EC-17