display NISSAN ALMERA N16 2001 Electronic Repair Manual

MEF040D
+Handle mass air flow sensor carefully to avoid damage.
+Do not disassemble mass air flow sensor.
+Do not clean mass air flow sensor with any type of deter-
gent.
+Do not disassemble IAC valve-AAC valve.
+Even a slight leak in the air intake system can cause seri-
ous problems.
+Do not shock or jar the camshaft position sensor and
crankshaft position sensor.
+Before replacing ECM, perform refer to ªECM Terminals
and Reference Valueº inspection and make sure ECM
functions properly, EC-132.
SAT652J
+After performing each TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS, perform
ªDTC Confirmation Procedureº or ªOverall Function
Checkº.
The DTC should not be displayed in the ªDTC Confirma-
tion Procedureº if the repair is completed. The ªOverall
Function Checkº should be a good result if the repair is
completed.
SEF348N
+When measuring ECM signals with a circuit tester, never
allow the two tester probes to contact.
Accidental contact of probes will cause a short circuit and
damage the ECM power transistor.
+Do not use ECM ground terminals when measuring input/
output voltage. Doing so may result in damage to the
ECM's transistor. Use a ground other than ECM terminals,
such as the ground.
PRECAUTIONSQG
Engine Fuel & Emission Control System (Cont'd)
EC-18

Inspection ProcedureNJEC0593
1 INSPECTION START
1. Visually check the following:
+Air cleaner clogging
+Hoses and ducts for leaks
+EGR valve operation
+Electrical connectors
+Gasket
+Throttle valve and throttle position sensor operation
2. Start engine and warm it up until engine coolant temperature indicator points to the middle of gauge.
Ensure engine stays below 1,000 rpm.
SEF090Y
3. Open engine hood and run engine at about 2,000 rpm for about 2 minutes under no-load.
SEF977U
4. Make sure that no DTC is displayed with CONSULT-II or GST.
OK or NG
OK©GO TO 3.
NG©GO TO 2.
2 REPAIR OR REPLACE
Repair or replace components as necessary according to corresponding ªDiagnostic Procedureº.
©GO TO 3.
BASIC SERVICE PROCEDUREQG
Inspection Procedure
EC-45

15 CHECK ECM FUNCTION
1. Substitute another known-good ECM to check ECM function.
(ECM may be the cause of a problem, but this is rarely the case.)
2. Perform initialization of NATS system and registration of NATS ignition key IDs. Refer to ªNATS (Nissan Anti-Theft
System)º, EC-72.
©GO TO 13.
16 CHECK IGNITION TIMING AGAIN
Check ignition timing again. Refer to Test No. 12.
OK or NG
OK©GO TO 18.
NG©GO TO 17.
17 CHECK TIMING CHAIN INSTALLATION
Check timing chain installation. Refer to EM-27, ªInstallationº.
OK or NG
OK©GO TO 15.
NG©1. Repair the timing chain installation.
2. GO TO 13.
18 ERASE UNNECESSARY DTC
After this inspection, unnecessary DTC No. might be displayed.
Erase the stored memory in ECM and TCM (Transmission control module).
Refer to ªHOW TO ERASE EMISSION-RELATED DIAGNOSTIC INFORMATIONº, EC-68 or EC-71 and AT-50, ªHOW TO
ERASE DTCº.
With CONSULT-II©GO TO 19.
Without CONSULT-II©GO TO 20.
BASIC SERVICE PROCEDUREQG
Inspection Procedure (Cont'd)
EC-49

SEF217Z
SEF454Y
SEF455Y
Idle Air Volume LearningNJEC0562DESCRIPTIONNJEC0562S01ªIdle Air Volume Learningº is an operation to learn the idle air vol-
ume that keeps each engine within the specific range. It must be
performed under any of the following conditions:
+Each time IACV-AAC valve, throttle body or ECM is replaced.
+Idle speed or ignition timing is out of specification.
PRE-CONDITIONINGNJEC0562S02Before performing ªIdle Air Volume Learningº, make sure that all of
the following conditions are satisfied.
Learning will be cancelled if any of the following conditions are
missed for even a moment.
+Battery voltage: More than 12.9V (At idle)
+Engine coolant temperature: 70 - 99ÉC (158 - 210ÉF)
+PNP switch: ON
+Electric load switch: OFF
(Air conditioner, headlamp, rear window defogger)
On vehicles equipped with daytime light systems, set lighting
switch to the 1st position to light only small lamps.
+Cooling fan motor: Not operating
+Steering wheel: Neutral (Straight-ahead position)
+Vehicle speed: Stopped
+Transmission: Warmed-up
For A/T models with CONSULT-II, drive vehicle until ªFLUID
TEMP SEº in ªDATA MONITORº mode of ªA/Tº system indi-
cates less than 0.9V.
For A/T models without CONSULT-II and M/T models, drive
vehicle for 10 minutes.
OPERATION PROCEDURENJEC0562S03With CONSULT-IINJEC0562S03011. Turn ignition switch ªONº and wait at least 1 second.
2. Turn ignition switch ªOFFº and wait at least 10 seconds.
3. Start engine and warm it up to normal operating temperature.
4. Check that all items listed under the topic ªPRE-CONDITION-
INGº (previously mentioned) are in good order.
5. Turn ignition switch ªOFFº and wait at least 9 seconds.
6. Start the engine and let it idle for at least 28 seconds.
7. Select ªIDLE AIR VOL LEARNº in ªWORK SUPPORTº mode.
8. Touch ªSTARTº and wait 20 seconds.
9. Make sure that ªCMPLTº is displayed on CONSULT-II screen.
If ªINCMPº is displayed, ªIdle Air Volume Learningº will not be
carried out successfully. In this case, find the cause of the
problem by referring to the NOTE below.
10. Rev up the engine two or three times. Make sure that idle
speed and ignition timing are within specifications.
ITEM SPECIFICATION
Idle speed M/T: 700±50 rpm
A/T: 800±50 rpm (in ªPº or ªNº position)
Ignition timing M/T: 8±5É BTDC
A/T: 10±5É BTDC (in ªPº or ªNº position)
Without CONSULT-IINJEC0562S03021. Turn ignition switch ªONº and wait at least 1 second.
BASIC SERVICE PROCEDUREQG
Inspection Procedure (Cont'd)
EC-55

IntroductionNJEC0029MODELS WITH EURO-OBD SYSTEMNJEC0029S01The ECM has an on board diagnostic system which detects malfunctions related to engine sensors or actua-
tors. The ECM also records various emission-related diagnostic information including:
Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Mode 3 of ISO 15031-5
Freeze Frame data Mode 2 of ISO 15031-5
System Readiness Test (SRT) code Mode 1 of ISO 15031-5
1st Trip Diagnostic Trouble Code (1st Trip DTC) Mode 7 of ISO 15031-5
1st Trip Freeze Frame data
Test values and Test limits Mode 6 of ISO 15031-5
Calibration ID Mode 9 of ISO 15031-5
The above information can be checked using procedures listed in the table below.
X: Applicable Ð: Not applicable
DTC 1st trip DTCFreeze Frame
data1st trip Freeze
Frame dataSRT code Test value
ECM*3 X X*1ÐÐÐÐ
CONSULT-IIXXXXXÐ
GST X X*2 X Ð X X
*1: When DTC and 1st trip DTC simultaneously appear on the display, they cannot be clearly distinguished from each other.
*2: 1st trip DTCs for self-diagnoses concerning SRT items cannot be shown on the GST display.
*3: In diagnostic test mode II (Self-diagnostic results), DTC is displayed on MI. DTC uses a set of four digit numbers. (If so equipped)
The malfunction indicator (MI) on the instrument panel lights up when the same malfunction is detected in two
consecutive trips (Two trip detection logic), or when the ECM enters fail-safe mode. (Refer to EC-123.)
MODELS WITHOUT EURO-OBD SYSTEMNJEC0029S02The ECM has an on board diagnostic system, which detects malfunctions related to engine sensors or actua-
tors. The ECM also records various emission-related diagnostic information including:
Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC)
Freeze Frame data
1st Trip Diagnostic Trouble Code (1st Trip DTC)
1st Trip Freeze Frame data
The above information can be checked using procedures listed in the table below.
X: Applicable Ð: Not applicable
DTC 1st trip DTC Freeze Frame data1st trip Freeze Frame
data
CONSULT-II X X X X
ECM*1 X X*2 Ð Ð
*1: In diagnostic test mode II (Self-diagnostic results), (1st trip) DTC is displayed on the MI by a set of four digit numbers.
*2: When the DTC and the 1st trip DTC appear on the display simultaneously, it is difficult to clearly distinguish one from the other.
Two Trip Detection LogicNJEC0030MODELS WITH EURO-OBD SYSTEMNJEC0030S01When a malfunction is detected for the first time, 1st trip DTC and 1st trip Freeze Frame data are stored in
the ECM memory. The MI will not light up at this stage <1st trip>.
If the same malfunction is detected again during the next drive, the DTC and Freeze Frame data are stored
in the ECM memory, and the MI lights up. The MI lights up at the same time when the DTC is stored <2nd
trip>.
ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONQG
Introduction
EC-57

The ªtripº in the ªTwo Trip Detection Logicº means a driving mode in which self-diagnosis is performed during
vehicle operation. Specific on board diagnostic items will cause the ECM to light up or blink the MI, and store
DTC and Freeze Frame data, even in the 1st trip, as shown below.
X: Applicable Ð: Not applicable
ItemsMI DTC 1st trip DTC
1st trip 2nd trip
1st trip
displaying2nd trip
displaying1st trip
displaying2nd trip
displaying
BlinkingLighting
upBlinkingLighting
up
Misfire (Possible three way
catalyst damage)
Ð DTC: P0300 - P0304 is
being detectedX ÐÐÐÐÐ X Ð
Misfire (Possible three way
catalyst damage)
Ð DTC: P0300 - P0304 is
being detectedÐÐXÐÐXÐÐ
Fail-safe items (Refer to
EC-123.)Ð X Ð Ð X*1 Ð X*1 Ð
Except above Ð ÐÐXÐX XÐ
*1: Except ªECMº.
MODELS WITHOUT EURO-OBD SYSTEMNJEC0030S02When a malfunction is detected for the first time, 1st trip DTC and 1st trip Freeze Frame data are stored in
the ECM memory. <1st trip>
If the same malfunction is detected again during the next drive, the DTC and Freeze Frame data are stored
in the ECM memory. <2nd trip> The ªtripº in the ªTwo Trip Detection Logicº means a driving mode in which
self-diagnosis is performed during vehicle operation. When the ECM enters the fail-safe mode (Refer to
EC-123), the DTC is stored in the ECM memory even in the 1st trip.
Emission-related Diagnostic InformationNJEC0031MODELS WITH EURO-OBD SYSTEMNJEC0031S01DTC and 1st Trip DTCNJEC0031S0101The 1st trip DTC (whose number is the same as the DTC number) is displayed for the latest self-diagnostic
result obtained. If the ECM memory was cleared previously, and the 1st trip DTC did not reoccur, the 1st trip
DTC will not be displayed. If a malfunction is detected during the 1st trip, the 1st trip DTC is stored in the ECM
memory. The MI will not light up (two trip detection logic). If the same malfunction is not detected in the 2nd
trip (meeting the required driving pattern), the 1st trip DTC is cleared from the ECM memory. If the same mal-
function is detected in the 2nd trip, both the 1st trip DTC and DTC are stored in the ECM memory and the MI
lights up. In other words, the DTC is stored in the ECM memory and the MI lights up when the same malfunc-
tion occurs in two consecutive trips. If a 1st trip DTC is stored and a non-diagnostic operation is performed
between the 1st and 2nd trips, only the 1st trip DTC will continue to be stored. For malfunctions that blink or
light up the MI during the 1st trip, the DTC and 1st trip DTC are stored in the ECM memory.
Procedures for clearing the DTC and the 1st trip DTC from the ECM memory are described in ªHow to Erase
Emission-related Diagnostic Informationº. Refer to EC-68.
For malfunctions in which 1st trip DTCs are displayed, refer to EC-66. These items are required by legal
regulations to continuously monitor the system/component. In addition, the items monitored non-continuously
are also displayed on CONSULT-II.
1st trip DTC is specified in Mode 7 of ISO 15031-5. 1st trip DTC detection occurs without lighting up the MI
and therefore does not warn the driver of a problem. However, 1st trip DTC detection will not prevent the
vehicle from being tested, for example during Inspection/Maintenance (I/M) tests.
When a 1st trip DTC is detected, check, print out or write down and erase (1st trip) DTC and Freeze Frame
data as specified in ªWork Flowº procedure Step II, refer to page EC-96. Then perform ªDTC Confirmation
Procedureº or ªOverall Function Checkº to try to duplicate the problem. If the malfunction is duplicated, the
item requires repair.
How to read DTC and 1st Trip DTC
DTC and 1st trip DTC can be read by the following methods.
With CONSULT-II/With GST
ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONQG
Two Trip Detection Logic (Cont'd)
EC-58

CONSULT-II or GST (Generic Scan Tool) Examples: P0340, P1320, P0705, P0750, etc.
These DTCs are prescribed by ISO 15031-6.
(CONSULT-II also displays the malfunctioning component or system.)
+1st trip DTC No. is the same as DTC No.
+Output of a DTC indicates a malfunction. However, Mode II and GST do not indicate whether the
malfunction is still occurring or has occurred in the past and has returned to normal.
CONSULT-II can identify malfunction status as shown below. Therefore, using CONSULT-II (if avail-
able) is recommended.
A sample of CONSULT-II display for DTC is shown below. DTC or 1st trip DTC of a malfunction is displayed
in SELF-DIAGNOSTIC RESULTS mode of CONSULT-II. Time data indicates how many times the vehicle was
driven after the last detection of a DTC.
If the DTC is being detected currently, the time data will be ª0º.
If a 1st trip DTC is stored in the ECM, the time data will be ª[1t]º.
SEF698X
Freeze Frame Data and 1st Trip Freeze Frame DataNJEC0031S0102The ECM records the driving conditions such as fuel system status, calculated load value, engine coolant
temperature, short term fuel trim, long term fuel trim, engine speed, vehicle speed, absolute throttle position,
base fuel schedule and intake air temperature at the moment a malfunction is detected.
Data which are stored in the ECM memory, along with the 1st trip DTC, are called 1st trip freeze frame data.
The data, stored together with the DTC data, are called freeze frame data and displayed on CONSULT-II or
GST. The 1st trip freeze frame data can only be displayed on the CONSULT-II screen, not on the GST. For
details, see EC-84.
Only one set of freeze frame data (either 1st trip freeze frame data or freeze frame data) can be stored in the
ECM. 1st trip freeze frame data is stored in the ECM memory along with the 1st trip DTC. There is no prior-
ity for 1st trip freeze frame data and it is updated each time a different 1st trip DTC is detected. However, once
freeze frame data (2nd trip detection/MI on) is stored in the ECM memory, 1st trip freeze frame data is no
longer stored. Remember, only one set of freeze frame data can be stored in the ECM. The ECM has the fol-
lowing priorities to update the data.
Priority Items
1Freeze frame data Misfire Ð DTC: P0300 - P0304 (0300 - 0304)
Fuel Injection System Function Ð DTC: P0171 (0171), P0172 (0172)
2 Except the above items (Includes A/T related items)
3 1st trip freeze frame data
For example, the EGR malfunction (Priority: 2) was detected and the freeze frame data was stored in the 2nd
trip. After that when the misfire (Priority: 1) is detected in another trip, the freeze frame data will be updated
from the EGR malfunction to the misfire. The 1st trip freeze frame data is updated each time a different mal-
function is detected. There is no priority for 1st trip freeze frame data. However, once freeze frame data is
stored in the ECM memory, 1st trip freeze data is no longer stored (because only one freeze frame data or
1st trip freeze frame data can be stored in the ECM). If freeze frame data is stored in the ECM memory and
freeze frame data with the same priority occurs later, the first (original) freeze frame data remains unchanged
in the ECM memory.
Both 1st trip freeze frame data and freeze frame data (along with the DTCs) are cleared when the ECM
memory is erased. Procedures for clearing the ECM memory are described in ªHow to Erase Emission-related
Diagnostic Informationº. Refer to EC-68.
ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONQG
Emission-related Diagnostic Information (Cont'd)
EC-59

NEF395A
*1 EC-58 *2 EC-62 *3 EC-63
How to Display SRT CodeNJEC0031S01101.With CONSULT-II
Selecting ªSRT STATUSº in ªDTC CONFIRMATIONº mode with CONSULT-II.
For items whose SRT codes are set, a ªCMPLTº is displayed on the CONSULT-II screen; for items whose
SRT codes are not set, ªINCMPº is displayed as shown below.
ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONQG
Emission-related Diagnostic Information (Cont'd)
EC-62

+The time required for each diagnosis varies with road surface conditions, weather, altitude, individual driv-
ing habits, etc.
Zone A refers to the range where the time required, for the diagnosis under normal conditions*, is the
shortest. Zone B refers to the range where the diagnosis can still be performed if the diagnosis is not
completed within zone A.
*: Normal conditions refer to the following:
þ Sea level
þ Flat road
þ Ambient air temperature: 20 - 30ÉC (68 - 86ÉF)
þ Diagnosis is performed as quickly as possible under normal conditions.
Under different conditions [For example: ambient air temperature other than 20 - 30ÉC (68 - 86ÉF)], diag-
nosis may also be performed.
Pattern 1:
+The engine is started at the engine coolant temperature of þ10 to 35ÉC (14 to 95ÉF) (where the volt-
age between the ECM terminals 70 and 58 is 3.0 - 4.3V).
+The engine must be operated at idle speed until the engine coolant temperature is greater than 70ÉC
(158ÉF) (where the voltage between the ECM terminals 70 and 58 is lower than 1.4V).
+The engine is started at the fuel tank temperature of warmer than 0ÉC (32ÉF) (where the voltage
between the ECM terminal 82 and ground is less than 4.1V).
Pattern 2:
+When steady-state driving is performed again even after it is interrupted, each diagnosis can be conducted.
In this case, the time required for diagnosis may be extended.
*1: Depress the accelerator pedal until vehicle speed is 90 km/h (56 MPH), then release the accelerator pedal
and keep it released for more than 10 seconds. Depress the accelerator pedal until vehicle speed is 90 km/h
(56 MPH) again.
*2: Checking the vehicle speed with CONSULT-II or GST is advised.
Suggested transmission gear position for A/T models
Set the selector lever in the ªDº position with ªODº ON.
Suggested upshift speeds for M/T models
Shown below are suggested vehicle speeds for shifting into a higher gear. These suggestions relate to fuel
economy and vehicle performance. Actual upshift speeds will vary according to road conditions, the weather
and individual driving habits.
Gear changeACCEL shift point
km/h (MPH)
1st to 2nd 15 (9)
2nd to 3rd 35 (22)
3rd to 4th 50 (31)
4th to 5th 70 (43)
Test Value and Test Limit (GST only Ð not applicable to CONSULT-II)NJEC0031S0104The following is the information specified in Mode 6 of ISO 15031-5.
The test value is a parameter used to determine whether a system/circuit diagnostic test is ªOKº or ªNGº while
being monitored by the ECM during self-diagnosis. The test limit is a reference value which is specified as the
maximum or minimum value and is compared with the test value being monitored.
Items for which these data (test value and test limit) are displayed are the same as SRT code items (14 test
items).
These data (test value and test limit) are specified by Test ID (TID) and Component ID (CID) and can be dis-
played on the GST screen.
X: Applicable Ð: Not applicable
SRT item Self-diagnostic test itemTest value (GST display)
Test limit Application
TID CID
CATALYST Three way catalyst function01H 01H Max. X
02H 81H Min. X
ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONQG
Emission-related Diagnostic Information (Cont'd)
EC-65

SRT item Self-diagnostic test itemTest value (GST display)
Test limit Application
TID CID
HO2SHeated oxygen sensor 1
(front)09H 04H Max. X
0AH 84H Min. X
0BH 04H Max. X
0CH 04H Max. X
0DH 04H Max. X
Heated oxygen sensor 2
(rear)19H 86H Min. X
1AH 86H Min. X
1BH 06H Max. X
1CH 06H Max. X
HO2S HTRHeated oxygen sensor 1
heater (front)29H 08H Max. X
2AH 88H Min. X
Heated oxygen sensor 2
heater (rear)2DH 0AH Max. X
2EH 8AH Min. X
EGR SYSTEM
(where fitted)EGR function31H 8CH Min. X
32H 8CH Min. X
33H 8CH Min. X
34H 8CH Min. X
35H 0CH Max. X
Emission-related Diagnostic Information ItemsNJEC0031S0105X: Applicable Ð: Not applicable
Items
(CONSULT-II screen terms)DTC*1 SRT codeTest value/Test
limit
(GST only)1st trip DTC*1 Reference page
NO SELF DIAGNOSTIC FAIL-
URE INDICATEDP0000ÐÐÐÐ
MAF SEN/CIRCUIT P0100 Ð Ð X EC-152
AIR TEMP SEN/CIRC P0110 Ð Ð X EC-158
COOLANT T SEN/CIRC P0115 Ð Ð X EC-163
THRTL POS SEN/CIRC P0120 Ð Ð X EC-168
HO2S1 (B1) P0130 X X X*2 EC-176
HO2S1 (B1) P0131 X X X*2 EC-183
HO2S1 (B1) P0132 X X X*2 EC-189
HO2S1 (B1) P0133 X X X*2 EC-195
HO2S1 (B1) P0134 X X X*2 EC-203
HO2S1 HTR (B1) P0135 X X X*2 EC-209
HO2S2 (B1) P0137 X X X*2 EC-214
HO2S2 (B1) P0138 X X X*2 EC-222
HO2S2 (B1) P0139 X X X*2 EC-229
ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONQG
Emission-related Diagnostic Information (Cont'd)
EC-66