clutch OPEL 1900 1973 Workshop Manual

7c. 581973 OPEL SERVICE MANUAL
a. NEUTRAL & PARK
- ENGINE RUNNING
Neutral
- Engine Running
Reverse Clutch. Released
Second Clutch. Released
Sprag
- LockedThird Clutch
- Released
Low Band .
.ReleasedIn neutral, the low band and all clutches are released. With this condition, no member of the planetary gear set is
held and there is no reaction member. All gears are free to rotate around their own axis and no torque is trans-
mitted to the planet carrier assembly and output shaft.
Park
- Engine Running
The same power flow conditions in the neutral position are in effect in the park position. Additionally, mechan-
ical linkage actuates a parking pawl which engages with the
splines in the periphery of the governor assembly.
Since the governor assembly is splinad to the output shaft, the parking pawl holds the output shaft locked to the
extension, preventing the vehicle from rolling.7ci48
Figure 7C-48 Neutral and Park Engine Running

AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION7c- 59
b. DRIVE RANGE . FIRST GEAROrive Range . First Gear
Reverse Clutch Released
Second Clutch. Released
Sprag Locked
In Drive Range. First Gear, the low band is applied and all clutches are released.
Figure 7C-49 Drive Range First GearThird Clutch. Released
Low Band. Applied
The low band holds the reaction sun gear and drum stationary, which serves as the reaction member of the planet-
ary gear set in first gear. The input shaft drives the third clutch drum in a clockwise direction, which turns the
sprag race and retainer assembly clockwise. The sprags wedge and drive the input
sun gear.
The power is then transmitted through the gear set to the output shaft as outlined in “Principles of Operation”.
The ratio in first gear is 2.4O:l.
Low RangeIn Low Range, the third clutch is applied together with the low band. The input power flow is exactly the
Same as
drive range first gear except that the third clutch is engaged and prevents the sprag from overrunning, thus pro-
viding engine braking when coasting in Low Range.
7c49

7C- 601973 OPEL SERVICE MANUAL
c. DRIVE RANGE. SECONO GEAROrive Range . Second Gear
Reverse Clutch - Released
Second Clutch -Applied
Sprag
- Overrunning
In Drive Range. Second Gear, the low band and second clutch are applied.Third Clutch
- Released
Low Band -Applied
The input shaft drives the third clutch drum and the second clutch composition plates. When the second clutch
piston is applied, the rotating second clutch composition plates are locked
w the second clutch steel plates. Since
the second clutch drum is now rotating in a clockwise direction, the ring gear is driven clockwise. As described in
“Principles of Operation”, the carrier is driven in a clockwise direction. The long planet pinions also drive the
short planet pinions, which drive the input sun gear clockwise, causing the sprag assembly to overrun. The ratio
is 1.48:1.
second Range
In Second Range, the Power flow is exactly the seme as drive range - second gear.7c50
Figure
7C-50 Drive Range - Second Gear

AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION 7C- 61
d. DRIVE RANGE - THIRD GEAR
Drive Range
- Third Gear
Reverse Clutch
- Released
Second Clutch. Applied
Sprag . LockedThird Clutch -Applied
Low Band
- Released
In Drive Range
- Third Gear, the low band is released and both the second and third clutches are applied.
In this condition, the ring gear is locked o the input sun gear. With two planetary members connected
inthismanner, the entire planetary system will rotate as a solid unit and provide a direct drive with a ratio of 1 to 1. The
input is split between the ring gear end input sun, and the rarrier is the output member.
Figure 7C-5 1 Drive Range Third Gear

Third Clutch -Applied
Low Band. Released

a.Operation of Controls in Neutral Engine Running
Reverse Clutch ReleasedThird Clutch Released
Second Clutch ReleasedSprag LockedLow Band Released
Whenever the engine is running with the selector lever in Neutral, oil is pulled from the sump into the oil pump and is dispensed from the pump under preure.
The pressurized line oil if directed
to the priming valve which bleeds off the air. Line oil is directed to the vacuum modulator YBIYB, to the prexwre regulator valveand
to the manual veIve. The converter is fed through the pressure regulator MIYB. the return oil from the converter being directed through the coalerand back
into the transmisGon’s lubricating system.
Line oil directed
to the vacuum modulator valve becomes regulated to modulator oiland acts on the pressure regulator boosI YBCB. the IDW speed downshift timing
valve. the 1 2 accumulator MIYB. and the detent valve. The modulator oil passes through the detent valve to act 00 the I 2 shift control give. the 3 2 control
valve and the 2 3 shift control valve. Line oil pasres through the manual v&e. and is regulated et the detent preaure regulator valve before being directed to the
Reverseand Low control delve.Summary
The converter is filled. the clutches and
IDW band are released.The transmission is in Neutral.

c. Operation of Controls in Drive Range Second Gear
Reverse Clutch
ReleasedThird Clutch Released
Second Clutch AppliedLow Band Applied
Sprag Over Running
As the vehicle increws speed. the govwnor
allow more drive oil 10 pass through, and this increased pressure, acting on the end of the 1 2 shift
vahre. overcomes the I 2 shift valve spring pressure and allovn drive oil 10 pasr through the valve to feed the second clutch oil parsages.Second clutch oil passes through the second clutch orifice control valve, seating the ball and is metered to the second clutch piRon
to begin to apply
the second clutch, whileportion of the oil is directed
10 the accumulator. As the upper portion of the accumulator fills with second clutch oil. itovercomes the leer prewre of 1 2 accumulator oil and spring at the bottom of the accumulator piston. forcing the piston downward. The upper
portion of the accumulator is now filled, allowing full oil preaure
to the second clutch piEton far the final apply. The accumulator, therefore, acts as a
reservoir
10 produce a damping effect for a smooth second clutch apply and the 1 2 shift.
Second clutch oil from the 1 2 shift
valve is simultaneously directed to the 2 3 shift valve to be used as the oil source for the 2 3 shift.
Summary
The second clutch is on. the band is on, the transmission is in drive range
i second gear.

d. Operation of Controls in Drive Range Third Geat
Reverse Clutch ReleasedThird Clutch-Applied
Second Clutchs AppliedLow Band Released
Sprag Locked
As vehicle speed increases. the governor allows more oil to pass through to act against the wring
at the 2 3 shift valve. This allows the second clutch oil at
the 2 3 shift valve
10 be released and pan through the valve as third clutch oil, directed tothe third clutch piston to apply third clutch. At the same time,
third clutch oil is directed
to the 3 2 control valve. acting against the spring and modulator oil. cutting off modulator oil pressure to the 2. 3 shift controlyalve. Third control oil also is directed to the Reverse and Law control valve and pasts through thevalveasservo release oil to the lowspeed downshift
timing valve. The low speed downshih timing valve is held
open against the spring by increased modulator oil pressure. The oil passes through the valve and
is directed
to the top of the low band sewo. to act with the servo piston spring and force the sel~o piston downward. releasing the low band.
The second clutch is on, the third clutch is on, the band is released. The transmikn is in drive range third gear

e. Operation of Controls in Second Range Second Gear
Reverse Clutch
Re easedThird Clutch Released
Seconds Clutch AppliedLow Band Applied
Sprag Over Running
The
selector lever is moved to the Intermediate position an the quadrant. the manual valve is positioned to allow drive oil and Intermediate oilto pan through the valve. Intermediate oil is directed
to the pressure regulator boost control cavity, seating the check ball at the reverse passage.Intermediate oil is then directed to the pressure regulator valve downward to
increaSe the oil prepare in the circuit. At the same time. the inter.
mediate oil from the manual valve is directed lo the 2 3 shift valve train closing off the supply of third clutch oil in the circuit, which isexhausted
through the Reverse and Low control
valve.
SummaryWith third clutch oil exhausted. the third clutch is off, the second clutch is an, the low band
servo is applied. The transmission is in second
Range Second Gear.

f. Operation of Controls in Low Range First GeaReverse Clutch ReleasedThird Clutch Applied
Second Clutch Released
Low Band Applied
Sprag Locked
When the
selector lever is moved to the low position on the quadrant. the manualvalve is positioned to allow drive oil, intermediate oil and low oil to pass
through the valve. Low oil is directed to the
1 2 shift valve train which acts with the I 2 shift valve spring against governor oil pressure to close off drive
oil from passing into the second clutch passage. At the
same time, low oil is directed to the Reverse and Low control valve and acts against the spring to
allow detent regulated oil at the Reverse and Law control
valve to flow to the 2 3 shift valve, which is bottomed in its bore by intermediate oil pressxeand the valve spring. The detent oil
pazses through the 2 3 shift vahre and into the third clutch oil passages to apply the third clutch and to close off
modulator oil pressure from the 3-2 control valve to the 2 3 shift control valve. Third control oil isalSo directed to the Reverse and Law control
valve.which is held open against its spring by low oil pressure. and closes off the
source of rupply to the servo release pasege. to allow the servo to apply the low
band. Intermediate oil seats the check ball at the Reverse
passage at the presue regulator boost valve cavity and continues to the pressure regulator valve
to increase oil pressure in the circuit.
iThe third clutch in on, the band is on. The transmi&n is in Low Range First Gear