engine PORSCHE 944 1987 1.G Service Manual

Engine Oils
Use only engine oils which meet the
specifications designated by PORSCHE. Your Porsche dealer will be glad to advise you on
the correct type of oil for your engine.
All current engine oils are compatible with each other, i. e. when making an oil change it
is not necessary to flush the engine if you
wish to use a different brand or grade of oil. Since, however, each brand of oil has a
special composition, you should, if possible,
use the same oil brand if it becomes
necessary to top up between oil changes.
PORSCHE engines have long intervals
between oil changes. You can make best use
of these long oil change intervals by using
multigrade oils since these are largely
independent of seasonal fluctuations in
temperature.
If your vehicle is used frequently in stop-and-
go traffic in winter, the engine will not always
be properly warmed up. Condensation from
products of combustion may accumulate in
the oil. In this case, it is advisable to change
the oil in spring so that your engine once
again has a 100% efficient engine oil.
Engine oil performance class

Engine oil is not only a lubricant, but also
serves to keep the engine clean, to neutralize
the dirt which penetrates into the engine
through combustion and to protect the engine
against corrosion. To perform these functions, the oil is provided with additives which have
been specially developed for these functions.
So-called mineral oils are produced directly
from crude oil. The oils can be further refined
(hydrocrack oils) or totally converted through a number of chemical processes (synthetic oils). These oils are structurally more efficient and
require fewer additives than simple mineral
oils.
The efficiency of an oil is expressed, for
example, by the API classifications which are
divided into categories "S" and "C". The
degrees of quality are expressed by final
letters in alphabetical order: The requirements for PORSCHE engines are API class SE/CC
to SF/CD.
Viscosity
Like all liquids, engine oil is viscous when
cold, and thin-bodied when warm.

The viscosity of an oil is expressed by its SAE class. For cold viscosity (measured at
temperatures below 0°C) the SAE class is
given as a number and the letter "W" (as in
winter); for hot viscosity (measured at 100°C) the SAE class is given only as a number. The viscosity of an oil is, therefore, always the same if it has the same number of an SAE
class.
E. g.: A 10 W -30 oil and a 10 W-40 oil have
the same viscosity when cold (below 0°C);
when hot (at 100°C) the oil with the number 30 is thinner than the oil with the number 40.
Single-grade/multigrade oils
Oils with two viscosities are called multi-g
rade oils; oils with only one viscosity are termed
single-grade oils.
Single-grade oils can only be used for the
narrow temperature range identified by their
SAE number; multigrade oils cover a wider
temperature range (see chart).
Fuel efficient oils
Fuel efficient oils reduce internal friction in the
engine. PORSCHE approves only fuel
efficient oils which are structurally so stable
that they can be used in PORSCHE engines
both as summer and winter oils (see chart of
areas of application for oils of different
viscosity). These conditions are currently
fulfilled by synthetic or hydrocrack fuel
efficient oils.

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Tires, Rims 944 / 944 S
Tires, Rims
(Rim offset 52,3 mm) 215/60 VR 15 front and rear on rims 7 J x 15 H2
or 205/55 VR 16 on 7 J x 16 H2 front and 225/50 VR
16 on 8 J x 16 H2 rear
Snow tires
(Rim offset 52,3 mm) 195/65 R 15 80 Q M + S front and rear on rims 7 J x
15 H2
or 215/60 R 15 80 Q M + S front and rear on rims 7 J X 15 H2
or 205/55 R 16 80 Q M + S front and rear on rims 7 J x 16 H2
or 205/55 R 16 80 Q M + S on rims 7 J x 16 H2 front and
225/50 R 16 80 Q M + S on 8 J x 16 H2 rear
The load rating and identification letter for allow able maximum speed (e.g. 80 Q/VR 15)
represent minimum requirements.
Collapsible spare tire 165-15 8 PR 89 P on rim 51/2 J x 15 H2
Tire pressure always 36 psi (2.5 bar/atm.), front o r rear use. Maximum speed is 50 mph (80km/h).
Cold tire pressure front 29 psi (2.0 bar), rear 36 psi (2.5 bar)
Snow chains Should snow chains be necessary, they m ust be mounted on the drive wheels only. Maximum speed is 30 mph (50
km/h).
Always use Porsche - approved snow chains.

Important hint:
For tires with VR quality standard , there are currently no final standards concerning tire strength at speeds above 210 km/h. For this r eason,
only use tire makes and types tested by Porsche.
If you intend to use other than original equipment wheels, be sure that they conform to Porsche specif ications for your model. Check with your
Porsche dealer regarding the correct wheel specific ations for type and model year.

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Tires, Rims 944 Turbo
Tires, Rims
(Rim offset 52,3 mm) 205/55 VR 16 on rims 7 J x 16 H2 front and 225/50 V
R 16 on rims 8 J x 16 H2 rear
Snow tires
(Rim offset 52,3 mm) 205/55 R 16 82 Q M+S on rims 7 J x 16 H2 front and
rear
or 205/55 R 16 82 Q M + S on rims 7 J x 16 H2 front and
225/50 R 16 82 Q M + S on rims 8 J x 16 H2 rear
The load rating and identification letter for allow able maximum speed (e.g. 82 Q/VR 16)
represent minimum requirements.
Collapsible spare tire 165-15 8 PR 89 P on rim 51/2 J x 15 H2
Tire pressure always 36 psi (2.5 bar/atm.), front o r rear use. Maximum speed is 50 mph (80 km/h).
Cold tire pressure front and rear 36 psi (2.5 bar)
Snow chains Should snow chains be necessary, they m ust be mounted on the drive wheels only. Maximum
speed is 30 mph (50 km/h). Always use Porsche - app roved snow chains.

Important hint:
For tires with VR quality standard , there are currently no final standards concerning tire strength at speeds above 210 km/h. For this r eason,
only use tire makes and types tested by Porsche.
If you intend to use other than original equipment wheels, be sure that they conform to Porsche specif ications for your model. Check with your
Porsche dealer regarding the correct wheel specific ations for type and model year.

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Dimensions

Length
Width
Height
Wheel base
Wheel track, front
Wheel track, rear
Ground clearance*
Tuning circle (curb to curb)
Tuning circle (wall to wall)
Overhang angle, front*
Overhang angle, rear*
944 / 944 S
168.90 in. / 4290 mm 68.31 in. / 1735 mm
50.20 in. / 1275 mm
94.49 in. / 2400 mm
58.15 in. / 1477 mm
57.13 in. / 1451 mm
4.72 in. / 120 mm
31.17 ft. / 9.5 m
33.80 ft./ 10.3 m
14°
15°
944 Turbo
168.90 in. / 4290 mm
68.31 in. / 1735 mm
50.20 in. / 1275 mm
94.49 in. / 2400 mm
58.15 in. / 1477 mm
57.13 in. / 1451 mm
4.72 in. / 120 mm
31.17 ft. / 9.5 m
33.80 ft./ 10.3 m
12,5°
15°

Weights

Curb weight
Maximum load capacity
Total permissible weight
Maximum axle load, front**
Maximum axle load, rear**
Permissible rack load**/***

944
2778 Ibs. / 1260kg
661 Ibs. / 300 kg
3439 Ibs. / 1560kg
1587 Ibs. / 720kg
1984 Ibs. / 900kg
165 Ibs. / 75kg 944 S
2866 Ibs. / 1300 kg
661 Ibs. / 300 kg
3527 Ibs. / 1600 kg
1609 Ibs. / 730kg
1984 Ibs. / 900 kg
165 Ibs. / 75kg 944 Turbo 2998 Ibs. / 1360 kg650 Ibs. / 285 kg 3626 Ibs. / 1645 kg1675 Ibs./ 760kg
2028 Ibs. / 920 kg 165 Ibs. / 75kg

* At total permissible weight. ** Do not exceed tot al permissible weight.
*** Applies only if the basic rack of the original Porsche Roof Transport System is used. If old type Porsche ski and luggage racks are used the
permissible roof weight is 35 kg (77 Ibs.).
The vehicle capacity weight (max. load), the Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) and the Gross Axle Wei ght Ratings (GAWR) for front and
rear, are listed on the sticker on the left upper s ide member in the engine compartment.
The gross vehicle weight rating includes the weight of the basic vehicle plus full tank, oil and coolant, plus max. load which combines passenger
(150 pounds / 68 kg per designated position) and lu ggage weight. Luggage weight is not increased by th e use of roof, ski or luggage racks,
unless passenger capacity is reducted accordingly.

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Transmission Diagram Manual gearbox 944Turbo
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Gas Station Information Fuses and relays
The fuses are located within the
central electric box at the rear left
of the e
ngine compartment in front of the pivot point for the left windshield wiperarm (under black plastic cover). The use of the
fuses and relays is shown in a
list on the inside of the cover of
the fuses and relays.
Fuel recommendation
944: 91 RON (87 CLC or AKI
((R+M)/2) rating on fuel pumps in
U.S.A.) minimum.
944 S / 944 Turbo: 95 RON (90
CLC or AKI ((R+M)/2) rating on
fuel pumps in U.S.A.)
UNLEADED FUEL ONLY.
Fuel tank capacity: 21.1. U.S.
gals, or 80 liters.
Federal law prohibits use of
leaded fuel in this vehicle. Starting Manual transmission: Only start in Neutral, clutch pedal depressed. Automatic transmission:
Start in Park.
Starting cold or hot engine
Just turn ignition key. No need to
depress accelerator pedal.
Emergency starting
Car must not be started by
pushing or towing.

Seat adjustment

Pull lever in front of seat.
Backrest

Lift lever on side of seatback.
Fuel cap

Located in the right rear panel. To close, turn cap clockwise to stop. 126

Engine hood release
Pull lever on left underneath
dashboard. Disengage safety
catch and lift engine hood up.
Battery
In cowl area in engine
compartment. Check each cell.
Top up with distilled water.
Never disconnect battery while
engine is running. It can ruin
the alternator.
Before connecting quick-charger,
battery must be disconnected. Brake fluid reservoir
Level should be between MIN and MAX marks.
Only use new brake fluid
according to SAE
recommendation J 1703, DOT 3
or DOT 4 and conforming to Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 116.
Do not use silicone base brake
fluid (DOT 5). Even the smallest
traces may cause severe
corrosion in the brake system.
Coolant reservoir
Antifreeze must remain in cooling
system all year round.
Coolant level should be between
minimum and maximum mark
when engine is cold. Always add antifreeze and water in ratio specified under "Filling
Capacities".
Use quality antifreeze containing
ethylene glycol.
Windshield and headlight
washer reservoir

1.6 U.S. gal. or 6.0 liters
127


Rear Lid
Unlock by turning door/ignition
key counter-clockwise or
operating the control switch.


Engine oil dipstick

Check oil level a few minutes after engine has stopped. Level should
be between upper and lower
marks on dipstick. Difference
between marks is approx. 1 U.S.
qt. or 1 liter.
WARNING
Before checking anything in
the engine compartment, let the
engine cool down. The fan
blades will rotate
spontaneously (even with
ignition off) until coolant
temperature drops.
Engine oil Always use quality oil labeled "API" Service "SE or SF". Details
under "Engine Oils" .
With filter change approx. 6.34 U.S. qts. (6.0 lite rs)
944 Turbo: approx. 6.87 U.S. qts. (6.5 liters)
Check oil level as described on "Engine oil level".

Manual transmission oil with differential
Hypoid oil SAE 80 according to API classification G L 4 or Mil-L 2105.

Automatic transmission
ATF lubricates torque converter and transmission. U se ATF "Dex-
ron®" only. Quantity at oil change: approx. 3 U.S. qts. or 2.8 liters.
Check ATF level visually through transparent reserv oir at rear end of
transmission housing.
Difference between marks approx. 1 U.S. pint or 0.4 liter. Check ATF
level when ATF is warm, with engine idling, selecto r lever in Neutral
and car on level ground.
For differential use oils API/GI 5 (or Mil-L 2105 B ), viscosity SAE 90.


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