fuel PORSCHE CAYNNE 2011 2.G Information Manual

Cayenne S engineCayenne Turbo engine
The Cayenne S has a naturally
aspirated 4.8-litre V8 engine
with direct fuel injection (DFI,
p. 38), VarioCam Plus (p. 37) and
a t wo -stage intake manifold.
The unit delivers 294 kW (400 hp)
at 6,500 rpm. Maximum torque
of 500 Nm is available bet ween
3,500 and 5,000 rpm.
Fit ted with eight-speed Tiptronic S
as standard, the car is capable
of accelerating from 0 to
100 km/ h (62 mph) in
5.9 seconds. Top speed is
258 km/ h (160 mph), while
fuel consumption has been
reduced by 23 %
1).The Cayenne Turbo is
powered by
a 4.8-litre t win -turbo V8 engine
featuring direct fuel injection (DFI,
p. 38), VarioCam Plus (p. 37) and
charge-air cooling. It generates
368 kW (500 hp) at 6,000 rpm.
Maximum torque of 700 Nm is
available bet ween 2,250 and
4,500 rpm. Maximum speed is
278 km/ h (173 mph), while
the sprint from 0 to
100 km/ h
(62 mph) takes just 4.7 seconds.
By introducing a range of meas-
ures, e.g. standard
fitment of the
eight-speed
Tiptronic S, we have
been able to make the car 23 %
more fuel efficient.
The engine of the Cayenne S. The engine of the Cayenne Turbo.
Cayenne S: 500 Nm bet ween 3,500 and 5,000 rpm, 294 kW (400 hp) at 6,500 rpm Cayenne Turbo: 700 Nm bet ween 2,250 and 4,500 rpm, 368 kW (500 hp) at 6,000 rpm
Drive systems and chassis | Drive systems · 35
34 · Drive systems and chassis | Drive systems
100
300350400450500
550600650
0
30 60 90
120
150 180 210 240 270 300
3301500
7500
2000 25003000 3500400045005000 5500600065007000
150200250
1000

Power (kW)
Torque (Nm)Torque (Nm)T
Revolutions per minute (rpm)

360700

390750800420
294 kW (400 hp)
500 Nm
100
300350400450500
550600650
0
30 60 90
120
150 180 210 240 270 300
3301500
7500
2000 25003000 3500400045005000 5500600065007000
150200250
1000

Power (kW)
Torque (Nm)Torque (Nm)T
Revolutions per minute (rpm)

360700

390750800420
700 Nm368 kW (500 hp)
1) Compared to previous model (Model Year 2011).

Standard on the Cayenne
Diesel, Cayenne S, Cayenne S
Hybrid and Cayenne Turbo.
Available as an option for the
Cayenne in conjunction with
the optional Tiptronic S.
VarioCam Plus.
VarioCam Plus creates t wo en-
gines out of one by steplessly
adjusting the inlet valve timing
and lift.
The system dif ferentiates
bet ween normal road usage and
performance driving, adapting
seamlessly as driver inputs
change. All functions are auto -
matically controlled by the
engine management system.
All you experience is responsive
acceleration and ultra-smooth
running characteristics. Inlet valve
timing is steplessly adjusted. To
improve response when starting
from cold, for example, VarioCam
Plus selects the higher lif t set ting
and retards valve timing.
At medium revs and minimal
load, the valve lif t is lowered and
timing advanced to minimise fuel
consumption and emissions. At
low engine speeds in particular,
VarioCam Plus significantly im-
proves fuel economy. To achieve maximum power and torque, the
valve lif t is raised.
Overall, the system provides
greater performance with rela-
tively modest fuel consumption.
Standard on the Cayenne S
and Cayenne Turbo.
Variable valve timing.
The V6 engine in the Cayenne
features variable valve timing
on both inlet and exhaust.
The camshaft phase angles are continuously varied by
the
engine management system via
rotary-vane adjusters.
On the Cayenne S Hybrid, the
inlet valve timing is continuously
adjusted.
The key benefits include bet ter
fuel economy and lower emis-
sions. It also helps to generate
greater power and torque –
even at low engine speeds.
Standard on the Cayenne
and Cayenne S Hybrid.
high or the bat tery charge is low.
The starter motor has been re-
vised to cope with the additional
demands of the system, and
the bat tery charge and life are
continuously monitored. The
bat tery and starter motor are
replacement parts that are
subject to greater wear and
tear with frequent use of the
auto start /stop function.
communication systems remain
switched on and
the standard
climate control
continues to
maintain the selected temperature.
The only changes you’ll perceive:
peace and quiet and – thanks
to greater fuel economy – also
peace of mind.
The system is deactivated in
certain situations, e.g. if the
outside temperature is very
Auto start/stop function.
The Cayenne models that
are equipped with eight-speed
Tiptronic S also feature an
auto start /stop function. If, for
ex ample, you stop at traf fic
lights and keep your foot on the
brake pedal, the auto start /stop
function will
automatically cut
the engine.
Although the engine
is not running,
all audio and
The heart of every Porsche.
Applying power with intelligence.
Engine technology.
VarioCam Plus
Drive systems and chassis | Engine technology · 37

consistently within a specific
temperature range. The engines
in the Cayenne models are
therefore designed for ef ficient
cooling.
In order to reduce the frictional
losses that occur during warm -up,
all Cayenne models feature com-
prehensive thermal management.
Using intelligent control, it
activates the dif ferent cooling
circuits individually and on de-
mand, thereby ensuring that the
optimum operating temperature
for the engine and transmission
is reached more quickly. This
minimises friction – and keeps
fuel consumption and CO
2 emis-
sions low.
The V8 engines have an enhanced
coolant management system
offering effective temperature
control throughout the engine.
While 20 % of coolant flows longi-
tudinally through the crankcase,
the remaining 80 % serves the
cylinder heads using the proven
cross-flow principle (from hot to
cold).
On all Cayenne models, the piston
heads are cooled using oil-spray
jets integrated within the main
lubrication system.
The entire cooling system is
designed for prolonged heav y-
dut y use, e.g. of f-road driving
or heav y towing and carrying
applications.Lubrication.
The V8 engines use dry-sump
lubrication to ensure a consistent
supply of oil in all load conditions,
especially in of f-road terrain.
The oil reservoir is located inside
the engine. This saves on space
and reduces weight.
Oil is circulated around the V8
engines using a demand- driven
pump. This has been designed
for the toughest driving scenarios
on and off road, including per-
formance driving and extreme
gradients. The V6 engines have a wet-sump
lubrication system.
Ensuring a
reliable supply of oil, no mat ter
how challenging the driving
conditions.
Direct fuel injection on the
diesel engine (common-rail
injection system).
On the Cayenne Diesel, direct
fuel injection comes courtesy of
a common -rail injection system.
The injection pressure is now up
to 2,000 bar, ensuring optimum
distribution of the air/fuel mixture
– for greater performance. The
piezoelectric injectors provide
flexible injection rate
adjustment,
using exactly metered quantities
of fuel, with multiple injections
for each power stroke to deliver
smooth combustion.
Cooling systems.
A high -performance engine can
only maintain its maximum
capabilit y over a long service life
if all components are operating
Direct fuel injection (DFI).
DFI injects fuel directly into the
combustion chamber at up to
120 bar with millisecond precision
using electromagnetic injectors.
The injector position and spray
geometry have been carefully
designed to improve output,
torque, fuel economy and emis-
sions. The swirling of the fuel as
it enters each chamber increases
the mixing of air and fuel, thereby
enhancing combustion. By form-
ing the air/fuel mixture directly
in the combustion chamber, DFI
contributes to engine cooling.
As a result, it was possible to in-
crease the compression ratio and
therefore power and efficiency.

Compression with precision.
Essential for getting right to the point.
38 · Drive systems and chassis | Engine technology

response, even at low revs and
road speeds. This is particularly
useful when driving in urban
traf fic. The supercharger has a
low-temperature water cooling
system for cooling the charge air.
Variable Turbine Geometry in
the Cayenne Diesel.
The turbocharger in the
Cayenne Diesel features Variable
Turbine Geometry (V TG). The
gas-flow from the engine is
channelled onto the turbines via
electronically adjustable guide
vanes. By changing the vane
angle, the system can replicate
the geometry in all t ypes of
turbo, large or small , and thus
achieve the optimum gas-flow characteristics. As a result, even
at low engine rpm, the turbine
speed is maximised. For a sig-
nificant increase in boost pres-
sure, excellent cylinder charging
plus greater power and torque.
Electronic engine management.
Cultured performance in all
driving scenarios requires com-
prehensive engine control. The
electronic engine management
system does this by continually
monitoring the relevant input data
from a variet y of sophisticated
sensors. This data is then com-
pared with a corresponding set of
reference values. Based on this
information, a range of key engine
functions, e.g. ignition and in-
jection timings as well as injection
quantities, are seamlessly and
automatically adjusted. Other
major functions include on -board
recuperation. It ensures that the
on -board power supply is only
replenished while the vehicle is
on the overrun. This boosts fuel
economy as well as performance,
and ensures maximum engine
output during acceleration. All
this goes unnoticed by the driver,
apart from the obvious benefits:
lower fuel consumption and CO
2
emissions plus greater power and
torque at all times.
Exhaust system.
The light weight exhaust systems
in the Cayenne models are made
from special, long-life stainless
steel. The key features of the cata-
lysts are high ef ficiency, faster
warm -up and a long service life.
Sports exhaust system.
Available as an option on the
Cayenne and Cayenne S, the
sports exhaust system
1) provides
an even more distinctive sound.
For the looks to match, it comes
with a specially designed set
of t win dual-tube tailpipes with
a high-gloss finish.
All exhaust systems, standard and
sports, comply with the stringent
EU5 emissions legislation.
2)
Turbocharging system in the
Cayenne Turbo.
In the Cayenne Turbo, the engine
is assisted by t win turbocharger
units arranged in parallel –
one for each bank of cylinders.
Incoming air is passed through
a filter and compressed by the
turbine units. Its temperature is
then reduced in the t win inter-
cooler system, which improves
cylinder charging and limits
thermal loads on the engine.
Supercharging system in the
Cayenne S Hybrid.
The engine in the Cayenne S
Hybrid is equipped with a
supercharger. For a more direct
Air intake system.
The Cayenne models are all
equipped with a resonance air
intake system. This technology
uses the pressure waves
generated by the inlet valves
to ‘force’ air into the engine.
The ef fect is enhanced in the
Cayenne and Cayenne S by a
t wo -stage intake manifold. This
variable geometry combines
all the benefits of a long intake
tube (higher torque at low rpm)
with those of a shorter length
(more power at higher rpm).
The result: highly impressive
torque ratings across the entire
engine speed range.
1 ) For Cayenne only in conjunction with Tiptronic S.2) The data presented here was recorded using the Euro 5 test procedure (715/2007/ EC and 692/2008/ EC) and the NEDC (New European Driving Cycle). The respective figures were not recorded on individual vehicles and do not constitute part of the of fer. This data is provided solely for the purposes of comparison bet ween the respective models. For more information on individual models, please contact your Porsche Centre.
Tailpipes on the Cayenne, Cayenne Diesel, Cayenne S and Cayenne S Hybrid
Tailpipes on the Cayenne Turbo
Drive systems and chassis | Engine technology · 41
Spor ts exhaust system (optional)

An electr ic pump is used to
m a i ntain the r equired p re ssu re
of the t ransmis sion fluid , e.g.
to t ransmit high l evels of torque
at lower engine speeds.
The s tanda rd sports steering
wheel in conjunction with
T i p t r o nic S h as t wo e rgonom ic
switch es for manual gear
c h a n g es. One p re ss forwa rd with
the thumb and Tiptronic S shif ts
up. One pull backwa rds with
the in dex finger and Tiptronic S
shif ts down. Either the right or
l eft-hand switch can be used.
tackling a
sce nts and towing loads
in off-road ter rain. Top speed is
reached in 6th gear (in 7th gear
on the Cayenne Diesel). The
remaining
upper gea rs a re used
to lower the r evs at high speed ,
the reby enhancing fuel economy
and occupa nt comfo rt. On the motorway in particular , driving at
low r evs will s ignifica ntly r educe
the noise l evel insid e the veh ic le.
In automatic mode, the driver
can influence gea rshifts on the
Tiptron ic S using the throt t le and
b rak es alone.
Tiptronic S auto -
mat ically adapts the gea rshif t
points for performance driving –
equally , if a mo re d efen sive driv-
ing s tyle is d etec ted , the sy stem
se lects a gea rshift poi nt that
o f f e rs maximum fuel economy.
Un der heav y b raking , Tiptron ic S
shifts down to maxi mise engine
b raking. Natu
rally , you can also change
gear u sing the gear se lector lever
on the ce ntr e cons ole.
Standard on the Cayenne Diesel,
Cayenne S, Cayenne S Hybrid
and Cayenne Turbo. Optional
for the Cayenne.
Eight-speed Tiptronic S.
The out standing featu re of the
eight-speed Tiptron ic S is a
pa rticularly wi de ratio sp read.
Fi rs t gear is designed for optimum
acceleration when pulling away
and g rea ter performance when
Six-speed manual gearbox.
The six-speed manual gearbox
on the Cayenne has been specifi-
cally adapted for the demands
of high-performance use. The
gear lever throw is short and pre-
cise, and each of the six ratios
has been selected for optimum
progression through the gears. As
the centre console rises to meet
the dashboard, the gear lever is
close to hand – for an even more
engaging drive.
The standard upshif t display in
the instrument cluster helps
to reduce fuel consumption still
further.
Eight-speed Tiptronic S is also
available as an option on the
Cayenne in conjunction with the
auto start /stop function.
Standard on the Cayenne.
Precision control.
Whatever your choice of terrain.
Transmission.
Tiptronic S gear selector
42 · Drive systems and chassis | Transmission Drive systems and chassis | Transmission · 43

Available on the Cayenne,
Cayenne Diesel, Cayenne S
and Cayenne Turbo, this function
readies the car for of f-road use
or reverts the set ting to normal
road driving.
In Of f-road Mode 1, for example,
the maps for all relevant
systems, e.g. ABS, are adapted
to provide optimum traction. In addition, High Level I is
selected on vehicles featuring air
suspension with PASM. If that ’s
not enough, the air suspension
can be raised further to High
Level II to increase the approach/
departure angle and wading depth.
Push the of f-road control forward
again on the Cayenne, Cayenne S
and Cayenne Turbo to activate
Off-road Mode 2 – for even great-
er traction on dif ficult terrain,
the multi-plate clutch can be fully
locked.
The electronically variable rear
differential on the optional
Porsche Torque Vectoring Plus
(PT V Plus) is integrated within
the all-wheel drive system. This
automatically ensures the opti-
mum distribution of drive torque on particularly uneven surfaces.
If one of the rear wheels begins
to slip, the rear dif ferential varies
the amount of torque transmit ted
through each drive shaf t, thereby
restoring traction. In Of f-road
Mode 3, the rear dif ferential can
be manually locked using the main
of f-road control. Then both rear
wheels receive the same amount
of torque, regardless of surface
conditions. The optional PDCC
(p. 53) enables greater wheel
articulation in all three modes,
improving traction still further.
For effective prevention of dam-
age to the underside of the car,
all Cayenne models can be
equipped with optional of f-road
underbody protection comprising
rock rails with integrated skid
plates, a reinforced engine-bay
guard, additional protection
for fuel tank and rear axle, and
a second towing lug.
Operating concept.
With the help of Porsche Traction
Management (PTM), the Cayenne
can cope with even the most
demanding of f-road scenarios.
Simply move the main of f-road
control on the centre console
forward or backward to select
one of up to three off-road
modes (depending on the model).
Steep ascents leading to snow-
covered mountain lodges, boggy
ground or muddy, loose surfaces
– all situations that the Cayenne
handles superbly with intelligent
all-wheel drive. The drive systems
featured on the Cayenne models
deliver exceptional torque. For
plent y of power on tap. On any
terrain.
From urban jungle to the windy wilds.
The Cayenne is perfectly at home on any terrain.
Off-road capability.
Drive systems and chassis | Of f- road capabilit y · 49
Main of f- road control

high -mounted upper arms are
in aluminium. This axle design
ensures accurate wheel location,
greater agilit y and minimal inter-
ference on uneven surfaces.
The subframe is secured on large
rubber mountings that reduce
road noise to a minimum. It is
also specially constructed to
increase stabilit y. For enhanced comfort and even greater active
and passive safet y. In the event
of an impact, the subframe
deforms in a predefined manner.

Rear axle.
The rear axle features multi-link
suspension. Ideal for performance
road and track use, it also copes
well with the extremely high
towing and carrying loads that
are possible with each Cayenne.
The suspension struts are angled
to allow longer suspension travel
and create a deeper and wider
cargo area. As well as providing
additional space, the car is also
easier to load.
The rear axle design minimises
dive and squat under acceleration
and braking. It also improves mid-
corner stabilit y and compensates
for sudden load transfer. In short:
it enables a more relaxed way
of driving. Examples of intelligent
light weight construction on the
rear axle include hollow drive
shafts.
Steering.
The steering system has been
completely revised and adapted
for a more immediate response
and greater driving dynamics.
Around the straight-ahead pos-
ition, in particular, the ratio is
now more direct. With the variable
steering ratio and special valve
set tings on the power-steering
system, optimum manoeuvrabilit y
is ensured. The turning circle
of the Cayenne models is just
11.9 metres.
The steering column itself
consists of multiple collapsing
sections linked by t wo universal
joints and a special deformation
element provides additional safet y
in the event of a front impact. Electro -hydraulic power steering
is used for the first time on the
Cayenne S Hybrid. The demand-
driven pump only provides
assistance to the steering as
and when required, thereby
contributing to overall efficiency.
Servotronic.
Servotronic is a speed-sensitive
power-steering system.
At higher speeds, the steering
becomes firmer, inputs are more
precise and driver comfort is
enhanced. At lower speeds, it
enables easy manoeuvrability
and parking.
Standard on the Cayenne S
Hybrid. Optional for all other
Cayenne models.
Front axle.
The chassis on the Cayenne
models offers a direct response –
for a more rewarding driving
experience.
The wishbones on the subf rame-
mounted front suspension with
Weight reduction.
The axle concept on the Cayenne
models features con sistent light-
weight construction. The results:
enhanced driving dynamics, lower
fuel consumption and optimum
occupant comfort.
Shedding weight.
Adding agility, economy and comfort.
Drive systems and chassis | Chassis · 55

Ty r e s .
All t yres have been optimised
with regard to driving perform-
ance, handling, rolling resistance
and weight. They also provide
great potential for reducing fuel
consumption and emissions. The three basic components of
the t yre have been enhanced –
the rubber compound, tread de-
sign and the architecture of the
substructure. This reduces rolling
resistance and fuel consumption.
Tyre Pressure Monitoring
(TPM).
Tyre Pressure Monitoring (TPM)
provides early warning of any
drop in pressure via the on -board
computer display.
In addition, the driver can quickly
and easily check the individual
pressures in all four wheels via
the multi-purpose display in the
instrument cluster.
Standard on the Cayenne Turbo.
Optional for all other Cayenne
models.
Wheels.
All of the wheels for the Cayenne
models have been specifically
designed to reflect the character
of the car – and convey it to the
road.
Standard on the Cayenne and
Cayenne Diesel: the 18-inch
Cayenne wheel.
Standard on the Cayenne S and
Cayenne S Hybrid: the 18-inch
Cayenne S III wheel.
Standard on the Cayenne Turbo:
the 19 -inch Cayenne Turbo
wheel.
1)
A range of other wheel options
in various sizes (up to 21 inches
in diameter) is available for all
models.
19 - inch Cayenne Turbo wheel
20 - inch RS Spyder Design wheel
18 - inch Cayenne S III wheel 20 - inch Cayenne SportDesign II wheel
18 - inch Cayenne wheel 19 - inch Cayenne Design II wheel2)
More than just a small cog in the system.
21- inch Cayenne SportEdition wheel
21- inch 911 Turbo II wheel (forged)
1) For details of all wheel options, see page 122. 2) In conjunction with 275 - mm t yres for the
Cayenne Turbo and 265 - mm t yres for all
other models.
Drive systems and chassis | Chassis · 57
56 · Drive systems and chassis | Chassis

Porsche Ceramic Composite Brake (PCCB)
To do this, the engine manage-
ment system adjusts the gener-
ator current depending on the
brake pedal position, recovers
part of the kinetic energy and
stores it in the bat tery. When
the pressure on the brake pedal
exceeds a certain threshold, the
brakes are applied.
Porsche Ceramic Composite
Brake (PCCB).
Available as an option on all
Cayenne models, the Porsche
Ceramic Composite Brake (PCCB)
has already proven its abilit y to
cope with the harshest require-
ments of the racetrack. It is avail -
able in conjunction with 20-inch
wheels or larger for the Cayenne
Turbo and with 19-inch wheels or
larger for all other Cayenne models.
The discs are made from a
specially treated carbon-fibre
compound that is silicated
in a high-vacuum process at
approximately 1,700 °C. The
resulting material is not only
much harder than cast iron, it
is also more resistant to heat.
Even at high temperatures, the
thermal resistance of the PCCB
disc ensures outstanding dimen-
sional stabilit y. The ceramic
material is totally resistant to
corrosion and offers excellent
acoustic damping properties.
PCCB enables shorter braking
distances – no mat ter how tough
the driving conditions. The pedal
response is fast and precise with
only moderate input required.
Excellent fade resistance ensures
greater balance when slowing
from high speed.The key advantage of PCCB is
a total weight saving of approxi-
mately 50 % compared with
equivalent cast-iron discs. As well
as enhancing performance and
fuel economy, the unsprung and
rotating masses are lightened.
The results: greater comfort
and road-holding on uneven road surfaces plus bet ter handling
and agility.
Optional for all Cayenne
models.
Recuperation.
The electronic engine manage-
ment system on the Cayenne S
Hybrid controls the braking
process so that, when the brake
pedal is actuated, as much
expended energy as possible
can be harnessed by the electric
machine’s generator and stored
in the 288-volt nickel metal
hydride (NiMH) bat tery. This is
referred to as recuperation.
Safety and environment | Safet y · 65
64 · Safety and environment | Safet y

Weight reduction is a key aspect
of our design philosophy derived
from our rich racing heritage.
Part of our R&D Centre, the
Motorsport Department is locat-
ed in Weissach where it shares
premises with the Automotive Industry Exhaust Emission Centre
(ADA).
Just a coincidence? We call
it symbiosis.
In practice: the Cayenne is up
to 185 kg lighter, depending on
the model.
1) This was achieved
through new weight-saving devel-
opments and materials, new pro -
duction technologies, advanced
functionalities and concept
modifications. By using lighter materials, for example, we have
halved the weight of the tailgate.
New materials are also a feature
of the axle construction, with
steel being replaced where pos-
sible by light weight alter natives
such as aluminium and plastic.
The benefits for the driver:
greater agilit y and driving
dynamics – with lower fuel
consumption. Ef ficiency at
its best.
This is achieved using advanced
engine concepts featuring tech-
nologies such as DFI (p. 38),
VarioCam Plus (p. 37), the auto
start /stop function (p. 36), the
parallel full hybrid drive and con-
sistent light weight construction.The concept behind every car we
build is based around the pursuit
of performance. This has been
the case since 1948. Another
of our traditional core values
is efficiency. At Porsche, we
are continually striving to find a
successful balance bet ween
the t wo.
Great achievements are something to be proud of.
Even more so if they benefit the world around you.
Environment.
1) Compared to previous model.