engine coolant SAAB 9-5 2005 User Guide

180 Starting and drivingParking on a hillWhen parking on a steep hill, turn the front
wheels so that they will be blocked by the
curb if the car should move. Long-term parkingIf the car is not going to be used for some
time, e.g. 3–4 months, the following steps
are recommended:
 Run the engine to normal temperature
before long-term parking.
 Drain the washer-fluid reservoir and
hoses.
 Wash and wax the car. Clean the rubber
seals on the hood, luggage compartment
lid and doors, and lubricate them with gly-
cerol (glycerin).
 After washing the car, dry the brake discs
by taking the car out on the road and app-
lying the brakes a few times.
 Fill the fuel tank with fuel to prevent con-
densation forming in it.
 Top up the coolant and check the anti-
freeze before the onset of winter.
 Park the car in a dry, covered and well-
ventilated building. Leave the parking
brake OFF!
 Disconnect the negative (–) battery lead.
If frost is likely to occur during the long-
term parking, remove the battery and
store it away from the frost.
 Ideally, the car should be put up on blocks,
with the wheels off the ground. If this is not possible, inflate the tires to about 43 psi
(300 kPa).
 Leave all the windows open a crack and
cover the car with a fabric tarpaulin – not
one made of plastic.
123
IB485
1Pointing downhill and
against the curb– Turn the wheels into
the curb and edge the
car forward until the
wheels touch the curb.2
Pointing uphill and
against the curb– Turn the wheels away
from the curb and edge
the car back until the
wheels touch the curb.3
Pointing uphill or
downhill – no curb– Turn the wheels
towards the edge of the
road. If the car should
start rolling, it will not run
into the road.
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181 Car care and technical information
IB1772
Hood ________________ 182
Engine compartment __ 183
Emission control systems 184
Engine ______________ 186
Engine oil ____________ 186
Transmission fluid ____ 188
Coolant ______________ 188
Brake and clutch fluid__ 189
Power steering fluid ___ 191
Air filter _____________ 191
Battery ______________ 192
Drive belts ___________ 194
Wipers and washers ___ 195
Changing bulbs _______ 197
Fuses _______________ 211 Tires _________________ 217
Compact spare tire _____ 230
Air conditioning (ACC) __ 234
Safety belts ___________ 235
Upholstery and trim ____ 236
Textile carpeting _______ 236
Washing the car _______ 237
Waxing and polishing ___ 238
Engine compartment ___ 238
Touching up the paint __ 238
Anti-corrosion treatment 240
For long trips __________ 241
Recovery and/or recycling
of automotive materials 242
Headlight aiming _______ 242
Car care and technical information
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183 Car care and technical information
Engine compartment
9
6
8
1
2
4
3
5
7
IB3637
Engine compartment1 Engine-oil dipstick/filler cap
2 Reservoir, brake/clutch fluid
3 Fuse box
4 Expansion tank, coolant
5 Washer-fluid filler cap
6Battery
7 Turbo unit
8 Ignition discharge module
9 Reservoir, power-steering fluid
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185 Car care and technical information
Saab Trionic engine
management systemThe Saab Trionic engine management
system is a unique Saab development that
combines sequential multiport fuel injection,
electronic distributorless ignition and turbo-
charger boost pressure control into one sys-
tem.
The Trionic engine control module (ECM)
monitors many different engine parameters
such as:
 Intake manifold pressure
 Intake air temperature
 Crankshaft position
 Engine coolant temperature
 Throttle position and
 The oxygen content of the exhaust gases.
The ECM receives information regarding
engine knocking from a sophisticated feed-
back function in the ignition discharge unit.
By processing all of this information, the Tri-
onic system can control fuel injector ope-
ning duration, ignition timing and turbochar-
ger boost pressure to provide excellent
engine performance while maintaining low
emissions and fuel consumption.
ORVR (Onboard Refueling Vapor
Recovery)Hydrocarbon vapors formed when refueling
will be recovered by the car and not rele-
ased into the atmosphere. The hydrocar-
bons are absorbed in a evaporative emis-
sion canister. When the engine is
subsequently started, the evaporative emis-
sion canister is gradually purged as air is
sucked into it through a shut-off valve. The
hydrocarbon/air mixture passes through the
evap canister purge valve and into the
engine where it is burned.
When refueling, make sure you screw the
filler cap on and keep turning until it has
clicked at least 3 times. Otherwise, it is pos-
sible for the CHECK ENGINE light to illumi-
nate.
Refueling, see page 138.
NOTICEThe Trionic engine management system
continuously monitors the operation of
these systems and has on-board diag-
nostic capabilities (OBD II).
If the ”Engine malfunction (CHECK
ENGINE)” lamp in the main instru-
ment illuminates, this indicates that the
Trionic ECM has detected a problem. The
car will continue to operate, but perfor-
mance may be diminished. You should
have your car checked by a Saab dealer
as soon as possible.
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188 Car care and technical informationTransmission fluidManual transmission Check and top up the fluid in accordance
with the service program.Automatic transmissionCheck and top up the fluid in accordance
with the service program.
Coolant The expansion tank is transparent to facili-
tate checking of the coolant level.
When the engine is cold, the coolant must
not lie over the KALT/COLD mark on the
expansion tank.If the message
”Coolant level low.
Refill.”
is displayed on the SID, check the level of
fluid in the expansion tank.
Top up, as necessary, with equal parts of
clean water and Saab-approved coolant.
If the expansion tank is empty when coolant
is added, run the engine to normal tempera-
ture and top up again, as necessary.
WARNING
 Proceed with caution if the radiator is
boiling when you open the hood.
Never remove the expansion-tank
filler cap when the radiator is boiling.
 The cooling system is pressurized –
hot coolant and vapor can escape
when the filler cap is released. These
can cause injury to your eyes and
burns. Loosen the cap carefully, and
let the engine cool before removing
the cap.
 Exercise care when adding coolant.
Coolant on hot surfaces constitutes a
fire risk.
IB1338
Coolant expansion tank
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189 Car care and technical information
The cooling system is charged at the factory
with coolant containing a 45 % concentra-
tion of a combined antifreeze and corrosion
inhibitor. A weaker mixture will result in
reduced anticorrosion protection. For pro-
tection against freezing in very cold
weather, a stronger concentration will be
needed.
A 60 % concentration of antifreeze will pro-
vide protection at temperatures down to -
58 F (–50°C).
The coolant does not normally have to be
changed during the service life of the car.
The type of coolant used has a reddish color
and should not be mixed with other types of
coolant. Saab Original coolant should be
used all year round. Only use coolant appro-
ved by Saab.
Note:
If incorrect coolant is used or added, the life-
time properties will be affected. Even if the
coolant is flushed from the system and
replaced with life-time coolant, life-time pro-
perties are no longer retained and the coo-
lant must then be drained and replaced at
regular intervals.

Brake and clutch fluid Checking the fluid level The combined brake and clutch-fluid reser-
voir is transparent to facilitate checking of
the fluid level.
The level should be between the MAX and
MIN marks. Top up, as necessary, with DOT 4
fluid. Do
not
use DOT 5 brake fluid.
NOTICEAlways mix the antifreeze with the
appropriate volume of water before
adding it to the cooling system.
If pure antifreeze is added, the engine
could still freeze and be damaged. This is
because the antifreeze will not mix
properly with the coolant before the
thermostat has opened to allow full
circulation.
WARNING
Brake fluid deteriorates as it becomes
old. Because it is hygroscopic, it absorbs
water from the air and, in time, could allow
vapor to form in the brake system, thus
reducing its performance. It is therefore
important that brake fluid be changed
regularly, as specified in the service
program.
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241 Car care and technical information
2Clean the underside of the car during
the winter.
Use high pressure water to
clean the car’s underside (floor panels,
wheel wells) at least at mid- winter and
in the spring.
3
Inspect the car frequently for leaks or
damage, and arrange for needed
repairs promptly.
After washing or after
heavy rain, check for leaks. When wash-
ing the car inspect body surfaces for
paint damage. While checking for leaks,
lift the floor mats and check beneath
them. Water can collect in these areas
and remain for prolonged periods. Dry
any wet areas including the floor mats.
Have leaks repaired as soon as pos-
sible.
Use touch-up paint to repair small scrat-
ches or minor finish damage. Areas
where metal is exposed will rust quickly
and MUST be repaired immediately by
touch-up or professional repainting.
Rust must be removed, the bare metal
primed and painted. Major body
damage should be repaired immediately
and new panels or exposed areas
should be undercoated with anti- corro-
sion material.
Repairs of this type are the owner’s
responsibility and are not covered under
warranty.4
Inspect the undercoating and touch
up if necessary.
Pay particular atten-
tion to the fenders and wheel housings,
which are exposed to abrasion by flying
gravel, etc. If the composition has worn
or flaked off, the steel must be tho-
roughly cleaned and dried before a fresh
coat is applied. The cleaning is best
done with a scraper and a steel wire
brush, followed by washing with solvent.
Apply the new coating thinly, as other-
wise it may run off or fall off when dry.
For long tripsBefore setting off on a long journey, it is
advisable to have your car checked over by
your Saab dealer.
Obtain a few important items to take along
on your journey such as spare bulbs, wiper
blades, fuses, a Poly-V-belt and the like.
You can check some points yourself befor-
ehand:
 Make sure that the engine is in good con-
dition.
 Check that no oil or gasoline leaks out of
the engine or gearbox/transmission.
 Check the coolant and power steering
fluid levels. Check also for leaks.
 Inspect the Poly-V-belt and replace it if it
shows any signs of hard wear.
 Check the battery charge.
 Check the tires for tread pattern and air
pressure, including the compact spare
wheel.
 Check the brakes.
 Check all bulbs.
 Check for the presence of the tool kit and
the jack in the car.
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254 SpecificationsEngine
Fuel
4-cylinder ________________________ Four cylinders, twin
overhead cams-
hafts, 16 valves and
two balancer shafts.
Cylinder bores _____________________ 3.54 in (90 mm)
Stroke ___________________________ 3.54 in (90 mm)
Swept volume _____________________ 139.7 cu.in
(2.290 litres)
Idling speed _______________________ 825 rpm (man.)
860 rpm (aut.)
Antifreeze_________________________ Saab-approved
antifreeze
Coolant capacity ___________________ 7.8 qts (7.4 litres)Fuel-tank capacity ____________ 18.5 gal. (70 litres)
For optimum performance Saab
recommends: _______________ 2.3t 185 hp (Linear) –
AON 90.
2.3T 220 hp (Arc) and
2.3 Turbo 250 hp (Aero) –
AON 93.*
* If AON 90 is used some decrease in engine power can occur.
Gasoline with a lower octane rating can be used, although not
lower than AON 87. However, engine performance will fall
slightly and heavy loading and laboring should be avoided. For
optimum performance, use the recommended grade of fuel.
For further information on fuel, see page 140.
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266 IndexCoolant
_______________________ 188
Courtesy Headlight Feature
________ 68
Crash memory, see EDR
_________ 249
Cruise control
__________________ 151
Cup holder
____________________ 120
DDICE/TWICE
___________________ 212
Dampers
______________________ 259
Date code, tires
_________________ 229
Definitions and terminology, tire
____ 226
Determining correct load, tires
_____ 228
Dim-dipped beam
________________ 67
Direction indicators _______________ 69
Door handles
___________________ 38
Door mirrors
___________________ 107
Doors, locks & luggage compartment
_37
Drive belt
______________________ 257
Drive belt, alternator
_____________ 194
Drive belts, length
_______________ 257
Driver’s seat, programmable
________ 14
Driving at night
_________________ 168
Driving in hot weather
____________ 160
Driving with a load
______________ 168
EEDR (Event Data Recorders)
______ 249
ESP
__________________________ 155
Electric heating seat
______________ 15
Electric heating, front seats
_________ 15
Electric windows
________________ 113
Electrical system, technical data
____ 257
Electronic Stability Program, ESP ___ 155
Electronic starting interlock
_________ 43
Emergency operation of sunroof
____ 115
Emission control systems
_________ 184
Engine bay
____________________ 183
Engine bay, cleaning
_____________ 238
Engine number
_________________ 262
Engine oil, grade ________________ 255
Engine, description ______________ 186
Engine, technical data ____________ 254
Engine, temperature gauge
________ 59
Engine-oil level, checking
_________ 186
Event Data Recorders (EDR) ______ 249
Expansion tank, coolant
__________ 188
FFault codes, Audio System
________ 104
Flat spots, tires
_________________ 218
Fluid level, automatic transmission
__ 188
Folding the rear seat, 9-5 Sedan
___ 121
Folding the rear seat,
9-5 SportWagon
_______________ 124Frequently asked questions on airbag

35
Front fog lights
___________________ 70
Frost warning ____________________ 62
Fuel
__________________________ 138
Fuel consumption
________________ 61
Fuel gauge
_____________________ 59
Fuel grade _____________________ 254
Fuse box under hood
____________ 215
Fuse panel
_____________________ 211
Fuses
_________________________ 211
GGarage door opener
_____________ 108
Gearbox number
________________ 262
Gearbox oil, checking
____________ 188
Gearbox, technical data, __________ 258
Glove compartment
______________ 118
HHandbrake
_____________________ 179
Hazard warning lights
_____________ 70
Head restraint
___________________ 15
Headlight flasher _________________ 67
Headlights
______________________ 67
Hood
_________________________ 182
Horn __________________________ 106
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FuelIMPORTANT: Do not overfill.
The level must not come up into
the filler pipe because the fuel
must have space room to
expand
.
1 Engine oilFor information see chapter
"Technical data".
2 Brake/clutch fluidDOT 4 brake fluid.
Do not use DOT 5 silicone fluid.3 CoolantDo not allow the coolant level to
fall below the MIN mark on the
expansion tank.
Top up as necessary with a mix-
ture of equal parts Saab Anti-
freeze and water.
4 Washer fluid
5Battery
6 Power steering fluidPower Steering Fluid CHF 11S
(P/N 8996860). Recommended octane rating:
Unleaded
gasoline 87–93 AON
For optimum performance
Saab recommends:
 2.3t 185 hp (Linear) –
AON 90.
 2.3T 220 hp (Arc) and
2.3Turbo 250hp(Aero)–
AON 93.
Fuel tank
capacity:18.5 U.S.gal.
(70 liter)
6
5
1
2
3
4
IB3638
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