air suspension SSANGYONG KORANDO 1997 Service User Guide

SSANGYONG MY2002
2D-4 REAR SUSPENSION
ON-VEHICLE SERVICE
REAR STABILIZER
Removal and Installation Procedure
1. Raise and suitably support the vehicle.
2. Remove the rear stabilizer-to-rear stabilizer link nut.
Installation Notice
KAA2D020
KAA2D030
KAA2D040
3. Remove the rear stabilizer mounting bolts.
Installation Notice
4. Installation should follow the removal procedure in
the reverse order.
REPAIR INSTRUCTIONS
Tightening Torque 70 N•m (52 lb-ft)
Tightening Torque 38 Nm (28 lb-ft)
REAR STABILIZER LINK
Removal and Installation Procedure
1. Raise and suitably support the vehicle.
2. Remove the rear stabilizer link-to-body frame nut.
Installation Notice
The distance between the end of the nut and
the end of the rear stabilizer link should be 10 -
13 mm (0.39 - 0.51 inch) at the connection of
the rear stabilizer link and body.
Tightening Torque 38 Nm (28 lb-ft)

HYDRAULIC BRAKES 4A-3
SSANGYONG MY2002
DIAGNOSTIC INFORMATION AND PROCEDURES
BRAKE SYSTEM TESTING
Brakes should be tested on a dry, clean, reasonably
smooth and level roadway. A true test of brake perfor-
mance cannot be made if the roadway is wet, greasy,
or covered with loose dirt which can cause tires not to
grip the road unequally. Testing also will be inaccurate
on a crowned roadway because the wheels tend to
bounce.
Test the brakes at different vehicle speeds with both
light-and heavy-pedal pressure; however, avoid locking
the brakes and sliding the tires. Locked brakes and
slid-ing tires do not indicate brake efficiency since
heavily braked but turning wheels will stop the vehicle
in less distance than locked brakes. More tire-to-road
friction is present with a heavily braked, turning tire
than with a sliding tire.
Because of the high deceleration capability, a firmer
pedal may be felt at higher deceleration levels.
There are three major external conditions that affect
brake performance:
•Tires having unequal contact and grip of the road
will cause unequal braking. Tires must be equally
inflated, and the tread pattern of the right and the
left tires must be approximately equal.
Unequal loading of the vehicle can affect the brake
performance since the most heavily loaded wheels
require more braking power, and thus more braking
effort, than the others.
Misalignment of the wheels, particularly conditions
of excessive camber and caster, will cause the
brakes to pull to one side.
To check for brake fluid leaks, hold constant foot pres-
sure on the pedal with the engine running at idle and
the shift lever in NEUTRAL. If the pedal gradually falls
away with the constant pressure, the hydraulic system
may be leaking. Perform a visual check to confirm any
suspected leaks.
Check the master cylinder fluid level. While a slight
drop in the reservoir level results from normal lining
wear, an abnormally low level indicates a leak in the
system. The hydraulic system may be leaking either
internally or externally. Refer to the procedure below
to check the master cylinder. The system may appear
to pass this test while still having a slight leak. If the
fluid level is normal, check the vacuum booster pushrod
length. If an incorrect pushrod length is found, adjust
or replace the rod.Check the master cylinder using the following proce
dure:
Check for a cracked master cylinder casting or a
brake fluid leak around the master cylinder. Leaks
are indicated only if there is at least one drop of
fluid. A damp condition is not abnormal.
Check for a binding pedal linkage and for an
incorrect pushrod length. If both of these parts are
in satisfactory condition, disassemble the master
cylinder and check for an elongated or swollen
primary cylinder or piston seals. If swollen seals
are found, substandard or contaminated brake fluid
should be suspected. If contaminated brake fluid
is found, all the components should be
disassembled and cleaned, and all the rubber
components should be replaced. All of the pipes
must also be flushed.
Improper brake fluid, or mineral oil or water in the fluid,
may cause the brake fluid to boil or cause deterioration
of the rubber components. If the primary piston cups in
the master cylinder are swollen, the rubber parts have
deteriorated.
If deterioration of the rubber is evident, disassemble
all the hydraulic parts and wash the parts with alcohol.
Dry these parts with compressed air before reassembly
to keep the alcohol out of the system. Replace all the
rubber parts in the system, including the hoses. When
working on the brake mechanisms, check for fluid on
the linings. If excessive fluid is found, replace the
linings.
If the master cylinder piston seals are in satisfactory
condition, check for leaks or excessive heat conditions.
If these conditions are not found, drain the fluid, flush
the master cylinder with brake fluid, refill the master
cylinder, and bleed the system.
BRAKE HOSE INSPECTION
The hydraulic brake hoses should be inspected at least
twice a year. The brake hose assembly should be
checked for road hazard damage, cracks, chafing of
the outer cover, and for leaks or blisters. Inspect the
hoses for proper routing and mounting. A brake hose
that rubs on a suspension component will wear and
eventually fail. A light and a mirror may be needed for
an adequate inspection. If any of the above conditions
are observed on the brake hose, adjust or replace the
hose as necessary.

SSANGYONG MY2002
4D-6 FRONT BRAKES
KAA4D080
FRONT DISC BRAKE ROTOR
Removal and Installation Procedure
1. Raise and suitably support the vehicle.
2. Remove the front wheels. Refer to Section 2E,
Tires and Wheels.
3. Remove the hub bearing assembly. Refer to
Section 2C, Front Suspension.
4. Remove the front disc brake rotor.
5. Installation should follow the removal procedure in
the reverse order.
KAA4D040
REPAIR INSTRUCTIONS
ON-VEHICLE SERVICE
BRAKE PADS
Removal and Installation Procedure
1. Raise and suitably support the vehicle.
2. Remove the front wheels. Refer to Section 2E,
Tires and Wheels.
3. Remove the caliper guide lower bolt.
Important: Caliper assembly removal is not
necessary to service the brake pad.
Installation Notice
Take care not to damage the piston seal when
the retaining frame is pulled down.
Tightening Torque 31 Nm (23 lb-ft)
KAA4D050
4. Remove the brake pads.
Installation Notice:
Measure the minimum brake pad thickness.
Refer to “Lining Inspection” in this section.
Always change the all pads on one wheel at a
time.
5. Installation should follow the removal procedure in
the reverse order.

FRAME AND UNDERBODY 9N-7
SSANGYONG MY2002
ON-VEHICLE SERVICE
ALIGNMENT CHECKING
An accurate method of determining the alignment of
the underbody uses a measuring tram gauge. The tram
gauge set used to perform the recommended
measuring checks must include a vertical pointer able
to reach 457 mm (18 inches).
Two types of measurements can be made with a tram
gauge: direct point-to-point measurements and
measurements calculated on a horizontal plane (datum
line) parallel to the underbody. Point-to-point
measurements are generally taken on steering and
suspension engine compartment parts and simply
require the vertical pointers to be set equally.
For horizontal plane measurements, the vertical pointers
must be set as specified for each point to be measured.
Dimensions-to-gauge holes are measured to the center
of the holes and flush to the adjacent surface metal
unless otherwise specified. It is recommended that
the diagonal dimensions to the cross-body be checked
on both sides in order to verify the dimensional
accuracy of the vehicle underbody.
FLOOR PAN INSULATORS
The floor pan insulators have been designed for the
higher floor pan temperatures that result from the use
of the catalytic converter in the exhaust system.
Therefore, when servicing a vehicle, it is essential that
any insulators that may have been disturbed or removed
be reinstalled in the original sequence and location.
Also, if an insulator needs to be replaced, use only
the insula-tion specified for that location on the floor
pan.
When servicing or replacing interior insulators, observe
the following instructions.
•Install the insulators in the original position and
sequence. Butt the pieces together in order to
avoid gapping or overlapping.
If it is necessary to replace an insulator, use only
the specified insulation.
Use the original part to determine the amount of
re-placement material required and as a template
for cutting and fitting the new piece to the floor
pan.
When installing the insulator, do not enlarge any
cut-outs or holes that are used for the attachment
of interior parts such as the instrument panel or
the floor console.
MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR

FRAME AND UNDERBODY 9N-9
SSANGYONG MY2002
GENERAL DESCRIPTION AND SYSTEM OPERATION
GENERAL BODY CONSTRUCTION
This vehicle is constructed with a unitized body which
in-corporates integral front and rear frame side rails.
The front suspension lower control arms are bolted to
and retained by supports, one each on the right and
left sides. The front suspension lower control arm
supports are attached to the underbody with three bolts
at two locations. The engine is bolted to the integral
front side rails. The suspension strut towers must be
dimensionally correct in relation to the remainder of
the underbody in order to maintain specified
suspension strut and caster/camber angles.
Since the individual underbody parts contribute directly
to the overall strength of the body, it is essential to
observe proper welding techniques during servicerepair operations. The underbody parts should be
properly sealed and rustproofed whenever body repair
operations destroy or damage the original sealing and
rustproofing. When rustproofing critical underbody
parts, use a good-quality type of air-dry primer, such
as a corrosion-resistant chromate or an equivalent
material. Combination-type primer/surfacers are not
recommended.
ENGINE UNDER COVERS
The engine under covers are molded pieces of plastic
that serve as shields for the underside of the engine.
The covers help protect the engine from small rocks,
gravel and other objects that would otherwise come
into contact with the engine during normal driving
conditions.