wheel alignment SUZUKI SWIFT 2000 1.G RG413 Service User Guide

FRONT END ALIGNMENT 3A-3
DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSIS TABLE
For the details, refer to Section 3.
PRELIMINARY CHECKS PRIOR TO ADJUSTING FRONT ALIGNMENT
Steering and vibration complaints are not always the result of improper alignment. An additional item to be
checked is the possibility of tire lead due to worn or improperly manufactured tires. “Lead” is the deviation of the
vehicle from a straight path on a level road without hand pressure on the steering wheel. Procedure for deter-
mining the presence of a tire lead problem contains in SECTION 3. Before making any adjustment affecting toe
setting, the following checks and inspections should be made to ensure correctness of alignment readings and
alignment adjustments:
1) Check all tires for proper inflation pressures and approximately the same tread wear.
2) Check for loose of ball joints. Check tie rod ends; if excessive looseness is noted, it must be corrected
before adjusting.
3) Check for run-out of wheels and tires.
4) Check vehicle trim heights; if out of limits and a correction is to be made, it must be made before adjusting
toe.
5) Check for loose of suspension arms.
6) Check for loose or missing stabilizer bar attachments.
7) Consideration must be given to excess loads, such as tool boxes. If this excess load is normally carried in
vehicle, it should remain in vehicle during alignment checks.
8) Consider condition of equipment being used to check alignment and follow manufacturer's instructions.
9) Regardless of equipment used to check alignment, vehicle must be on a level surface both fore and aft and
transversely.
TOE ADJUSTMENT
1) Loosen right and left tie rod end lock nuts (1) first.
2) Rotate right and left tie rods (2) by the same amount to align
toe-in to specification. In this adjustment, right and left tie
rods (2) should become equal in length “A”.
3) After adjustment, tighten lock nuts (1) to specified torque.
Tightening torque
Tie rod end lock nuts (a) : 45 N·m (4.5 kg-m, 32.5 lb-ft) NOTE:
Before rotating tie rods (2), apply grease between tie
rods and rack boots so that boots won't be twisted.
NOTE:
Make sure that rack boots are not twisted.

3A-4 FRONT END ALIGNMENT
CAMBER AND CASTER CHECK AND
ADJUSTMENT
Should camber or caster be found out of specifications upon
inspection, locate its cause first.
If it is in damaged, loose, bent, dented or worn suspension parts,
they should be replaced.
If it is in vehicle body, repair it so as to attain specifications.
STEERING ANGLE CHECK AND ADJUST-
MENT
When tie rod or tie rod end was replaced, check toe and then also
steering angle with turning radius gauge (1).
If steering angle is not correct, check if right and left tie rods are
equal in length “A”.
Steering angle
Inside : 35° ± 3°
Outside : 31° ± 3°
SIDE SLIP (REFERENCE)
For inspecting front wheel side slip with side slip tester:
Side slip limit
IN : 2 mm/m (0.079 in/3.3 ft)
OUT : 1 mm/m (0.039 in/3.3 ft)
If side slip exceeds above limit, toe-in or front wheel alignment
may not be correct.NOTE:
To prevent possible incorrect reading of camber or
caster, vehicle front end must be moved up and down a
few times before inspection.
NOTE:
If tie rod lengths were changed to adjust steering angle,
reinspect toe-in.

3C-6 STEERING WHEEL AND COLUMN
STEERING WHEEL
REMOVAL
1) Remove driver air bag (inflator) module from steering wheel.
Refer to “DRIVER AIR BAG (INFLATOR) MODULE”.
2) Remove steering shaft nut.
3) Make alignment marks (1) on steering wheel and shaft for a
guide during reinstallation.
4) Remove steering wheel (1) with special tool.
Special tool
(A) : 09944-36011 CAUTION:
Removal of the steering wheel allows the contact coil to
turn freely but do not turn the contact coil (on the combi-
nation switch) more than allowable number of turns
(about two and a half turns from the center position
clockwise or counterclockwise respectively), or coil will
break.
CAUTION:
Do not hammer the end of the shaft. Hammering it will
loosen the plastic shear pins which maintain the column
length and impair the collapsible design of the column.

3C-8 STEERING WHEEL AND COLUMN
4) From the position where contact coil became unable to turn
any further (it stopped), turn it back clockwise about two and
a half rotations and align center mark (1) with alignment
mark.
CONTACT COIL AND COMBINATION SWITCH
ASSEMBLY
REMOVAL
1) Remove steering wheel from steering column referring to
“STEERING WHEEL” in this section.
2) Remove steering column hole cover (1).
3) Remove steering column cover screws (1).
4) Separate upper cover (2) and lower cover (3), then remove
them.
CAUTION:
Do not turn contact coil (on combination switch) more
than allowable number of turns (about two and a half
turns from the center position clockwise or counter-
clockwise respectively), or coil will break.
1

STEERING WHEEL AND COLUMN 3C-13
11) Disconnect horn connector (1) from instrument panel har-
ness.
12) If equipped with power steering (P/S) system, disconnect
connector (2) from P/S control module (1).
13) Remove steering joint cover.
14) Make alignment marks (1) on joint (2) of steering column and
steering lower shaft (3) for a guide during reinstallation.
15) Remove joint bolt (steering column side) (4).
16) Remove steering column mounting nuts (“A”, “B”).
17) Remove steering column assembly from vehicle.
18) If it is necessary to remove steering lock assembly (ignition
switch), remove it, referring to “STEERING LOCK ASSEM-
BLY (IGNITION SWITCH)” in this section.
CAUTION:
Don’t separate steering column assembly into steering
column and shaft. If column or shaft is defective, replace
as an assembly.

STEERING WHEEL AND COLUMN 3C-17
5) Tighten new bolts (1) until head of each bolt is broken off.
6) Turn ignition key to “ACC” or “ON” position and check to be
sure that steering shaft (2) rotates smoothly. Also check for
lock operation.
7) Install steering column. Refer to “STEERING COLUMN”.
STEERING LOWER SHAFT
REMOVAL
1) Turn steering wheel so that vehicle’s front tires are at
straight-ahead position.
2) Turn ignition switch to “LOCK” position and remove key.
3) Remove steering joint cover (5).
4) Make alignment marks (4) on lower shaft (1) and shaft joint
of steering column (2) and lower shaft (1) and pinion shaft
(3) for a guide during reinstallation.
5) Remove lower shaft joint bolts (6).
6) Remove steering lower shaft (1).
CAUTION:
Never turn steering wheel while steering lower shaft is
removed.
Should it have been turned and contact coil (on combina-
tion switch) have got out of its centered position, it needs
to be centered again. Also, turning steering wheel more
than about two and a half turns will break contact coil.

3D-8 FRONT SUSPENSION
Tighten strut nut to specified torque by using special tools.
Tightening torque
Strut nut (a) : 50 N·m (5.0 kg-m, 36.5 lb-ft)
Special tool
(A) : 09900-00411
(B) : 09900-00414
(C) : 09945-26010
INSTALLATION
Install strut assembly by reversing removal procedure, noting the
following instructions.
Insert bolts in such direction as shown in figure.
Tighten all fasteners to specified torque.
Tightening torque
Strut bracket nut (a) : 105 N·m (10.5 kg-m, 76.0 lb-ft)
Strut support nut (b) : 23 N·m (2.3 kg-m, 17.0 lb-ft)
Tighten wheel nut to specified torque.
Tightening torque
Wheel nut : 85 N·m (8.5 kg-m, 61.5 lb-ft)
After installation, confirm front end (wheel) alignment refer-
ring to Section 3A.
NOTE:
Don’t twist brake hose when installing it.
Install E-ring (1) as far as it fits to bracket (2) as shown
in figure.

3D-18 FRONT SUSPENSION
2) Press-fit bushing so that dimensions “A” and “B” in figure
become equal.
INSTALLATION
1) Install body side of suspension control arm but tighten sus-
pension control arm bolt (1) only temporarily.
2) Install suspension control arm ball joint to steering knuckle.
Align ball stud groove with steering knuckle bolt hole. Then
install ball joint bolt (1) from the direction as shown in figure.
Tighten suspension arm ball joint bolt (1) to specified torque.
Tightening torque
Suspension arm ball joint bolt
(a) : 60 N·m (6.0 kg-m, 43.5 lb-ft)
3) Install stabilizer bar, referring to “STABILIZER BAR AND/OR
BUSHINGS” in this section.
4) Lower hoist and vehicle in non-loaded condition, tighten con-
trol arm bolt (1) to specified torque.
Tightening torque
Control arm bolt (a) : 60 N·m (6.0 kg-m, 43.5 lb-ft)
5) Confirm front end (wheel) alignment referring to Section 3A.
F: Forward

5-4 BRAKES
DIAGNOSIS
ROAD TESTING BRAKES
Brakes should be tested on dry, clean, smooth and reasonably level roadway which is not crowned. Road test
brakes by making brake applications with both light and heavy pedal forces at various speeds to determine if the
vehicle stops evenly and effectively. Also drive vehicle to see if it leads to one side or the other without brake
application. If it does, check the tire pressure, front end alignment and front suspension attachments for loose-
ness. See diagnosis table for other causes.
BRAKE FLUID LEAKS
Check the master cylinder fluid levels. While a slight drop in reservoir level does result from normal lining wear,
an abnormally low level indicates a leak in the system. In such a case, check the entire brake system for leak-
age. If even a slight evidence of leakage is noted, the cause should be corrected or defective parts should be
replaced.
SUBSTANDARD OR CONTAMINATED BRAKE FLUID
Improper brake fluid, mineral oil or water in the fluid may cause the brake fluid to boil or the rubber components
in the hydraulic system to deteriorate.
If primary piston cups are swollen, then rubber parts have deteriorated. This deterioration may also be evi-
denced by swollen wheel cylinder piston cups on the drum brake wheels.
If deterioration of rubber is evident, disassemble all hydraulic parts and wash with alcohol. Dry these parts with
compressed air before assembly to keep alcohol out of the system. Replace all rubber parts in the system,
including hoses. Also, when working on the brake mechanisms, check for fluid on the linings.
If excessive fluid is found, replace the pads.
If master cylinder piston seals are satisfactory, check for leakage or excessive heat conditions. If leakage is not
found, drain fluid, flush with brake fluid, refill and bleed system.
The system must be flushed if there is any doubt as to the grade of fluid in the system or if fluid has been used
which contained parts that have been subjected to contaminated fluid.

BRAKES 5-5
DIAGNOSIS TABLE
Condition Possible Cause Correction
Not enough braking
forceBrake oil leakage from brake lines Locate leaking point and repair.
Brake disc or pads stained with oil Clean or replace.
Overheated brakes Determine cause and repair.
Poor contact of shoes on brake drum Repair for proper contact.
Brake shoes linings stained with oil or wet with
waterReplace.
Badly worn brake pad linings Replace.
Defective wheel cylinders Repair or replace.
Malfunctioning caliper assembly Repair or replace.
Air in system Bleed system.
Maladjusted sensor spring length of LSPV, if
equippedCheck or adjust.
Broken sensor spring of LSPV, if equipped Replace.
Defective LSPV, if equipped Replace.
Malfunctioning ABS (Antilock brake system), if
equippedCheck system and replace as nec-
essary.
Brake pull
(Brakes not working in
unison)Pad linings and/or shoe linings are wet with
water or stained with oil in some brakesReplace.
Drum-to-shoe clearance out of adjustment in
some brakes
(Malfunctioning auto adjusting mechanism)Check for inoperative auto adjust-
ing mechanism.
Disc and/or drum is out of round in some
brakesReplace.
Wheel tires are inflated unequally Inflate equally.
Malfunction in wheel cylinders Repair or replace.
Disturbed front end alignment Adjust as prescribed.
Unmatched tires on same axle Tires with approximately the same
amount of tread should be used on
the same axle.
Restricted brake pipes or hoses Check for soft hoses and damaged
lines. Replace with new hoses and
new double-walled steel brake tub-
ing.
Malfunctioning caliper assembly Check for stuck or sluggish pistons
and proper lubrication of caliper
slide bush.
Caliper should slide.
Loose suspension parts Check all suspension mountings.
Loose calipers Check and torque bolts to specifica-
tions.
Noise (high pitched
squeak without brake
applied)Front lining worn out Replace linings.
Contact wear indicator to brake disc Replace pads.
Rear brake locked pre-
maturelyMaladjusted sensor spring length of LSPV, if
equippedCheck or adjust.
Malfunction LSPV assembly, if equipped Replace assembly.