steering TESLA MODEL S 2016 Owner's Guide

parking spaces that are at least 20 feet (6
meters), but less than 49 feet (15 meters) long.
Autopark does not operate on angled parking spaces.Warning: Never depend on Autopark tofind a parking space that is legal, suitable,
and safe. Autopark may not always detect
objects in the parking space. Always
perform visual checks to
confirm that a
parking space is appropriate and safe.
Warning: When Autopark is actively
steering Model S, the steering wheel
moves in accordance with Autopark

3. Main viewing areaThe main viewing area changes depending on the app you have chosen (in the example, the
Nav and Media apps are displayed). For some apps (such as Nav and Web), you can zoom in and out using standard touchscreen
finger gestures.
4. Maximize/minimize app
Touch the small rectangle to expand the associated app to
fill the entire main viewing area
(some apps are not expandable). Touch again to display two apps in half-screen view.
5. Controls
Touch to access all Model S controls and settings (doors, locks, lights, etc).
6. Climate controls (see Climate Controls on page 104).
7. Volume control
Touch the up and down arrows to increase or decrease the volume of the speakers. You can
also adjust the volume using the scroll wheel on the left side of the steering wheel.
8. Reverse the position of the two currently displayed apps.
Warning: Paying attention to road and traffic conditions must always be the driver

5. Cold WeatherIf Model S is equipped with the optional cold weather package, you can control all seat
heaters as well as the heated wipers and steering wheel. Heaters that are turned on are displayed in red. To turn
off all seat heaters, touch All Off. Note that you can also control the
front driver and passenger seats using the main climate control panel located on the bottom
of the touchscreen (see Climate Controls on page 104).
6. Trips
View and reset the trip meters that summarize how far you have driven (see Trip Information
on page 61).
7. Displays
Manually control the brightness and the Day (light background) or Night (dark background)setting of the touchscreen and instrument panel. When set to Auto, the brightness changes
automatically between day and night brightness based on ambient lighting conditions. When
Auto-adjust is checked, the displays are further adjusted based on both the surroundings and
by learning your preferences (i.e. it remembers the type of manual adjustments you make).
To disable the touchscreen momentarily for cleaning purposes, touch Clean Mode.You can also put Model S into an energy saving mode so it consumes less energy when not inuse (see Getting Maximum Range on page 62).
Note: The Displays settings can also be accessed from the Settings screen.
8. E-Brake & Power
Off
You can manually:

Overview of Climate Controls
The climate controls are always available at the bottom of the touchscreen. By default, climate control is set to Auto On, which maintains optimum comfort in all but the most severe weather conditions. When you adjust the temperature, the system automatically adjusts the heating, air
conditioning, air distribution, air circulation, and fan speed to maintain your selected temperature. To override these settings, touch Auto On (see Customizing Climate Control on page 105).
The fan, heating, and air conditioning systems are powered by the Battery. Therefore, prolonged use decreases driving range.
Note: The following illustration is provided for demonstration purposes only. Depending on vehicle
options, software version, market region, and settings, the information displayed may be slightly
different.
1. The front seats are equipped with heating pads that operate at three levels from 3 (highest) to 1 (lowest).
When operating, the indicator turns red and displays the setting number.
Note: If Model S is equipped with the optional cold weather package, you can also control seat heaters in the rear seats, heated wipers, and heated steering wheel by touchingControls > Cold Weather (see Controls on page 94). When equipped with the optional
executive rear seats, you can control the seat and the backrest separately in each second row
passenger seat.
2. Touch the up or down arrow to set the cabin temperature (from LO, 63

Overview
Touch the Media icon to listen to the radio or
play audio
files. The touchscreen displays the
Media Player. Media Player has two tabs. Use the Browse tab to select what you want to
play and use the Now Playing tab to view and
control what is currently playing. You can play
AM and FM radio (including HD), and XM
satellite radio (if Model S is equipped with the optional sound package). You can also play
Internet radio (such as TuneIn), and audio
filesfrom a Bluetooth-connected device or a USB-
connected flash drive.
Volume Control To adjust the media volume, roll the scroll
wheel on the left side of the steering wheel up
or down. To mute the volume, tap the scroll
wheel.
Note: The scroll wheel adjusts the volume for
media, navigation instructions and phone calls
based on what is currently in use. As you
adjust volume, the instrument panel displays
the volume level and whether you are
adjusting volume for media, navigation or phone.
Note: Muting the volume during a phone call
also mutes the microphone.
AM and FM Radio Model S provides AM and FM radio services.
These can be selected from the Browse tab or using the Source Picker, located in the upper
right corner of the Media Player window.
You can manually tune the radio to any
frequency by touching and dragging the
channel selector bar on the Now Playing
screen. The channel selector bar allows you to
move from one available radio station to the next.
XM Radio If Model S is equipped with the optional sound
studio package, you can listen to XM radio, a
subscription-based satellite radio service. To
receive XM radio channels, you must provide
the radio service provider with the radio ID for
your touchscreen.
To view the radio ID:
1. Select the XM radio source.
2. Tune it to channel 0.
3. The Radio ID displays in the station information area.
To select an XM radio channel, you can either
manually scroll through the channel numbers, or you can browse the channels by category.
To browse by category, touch Browse >
Radio > XM Satellite Radio.
Note: On some vehicles, XM radio is available
only if Model S is equipped with both the
optional sound studio package and the panoramic roof. To optimize aerodynamics,
Model S does not have an external antenna. The internal antenna is compatible only with
the transparent panoramic roof.
Media and Audio
110Model S Owner

Internet Radio
Internet radio services are accessed over a
data connection. To use Internet radio, touch
Media > Browse > Internet.
Choose your desired Internet radio service (for
example, TuneIn), then browse through the
available categories and/or stations. When
you select a
specific station or episode, Media
Player starts playing it and displays the Now
Playing screen.
To play the next (and in some cases previous)
available station, episode, or track being
provided by the Internet radio service, touch
the arrows on the Now Playing screen, or use
the buttons on the left side of the steering wheel (see Using Left Steering Wheel Buttons
on page 37). The exact function of these controls vary depending on the
specificInternet service you are listening to.
You can also use voice commands to play a
specific song, artist, or album from an Internet
radio service (see Using Voice Commands on
page 39).
Internet Radio Account Registration
Model S provides you with one or more
Internet radio services. To enter your log in
information, touch Controls > Settings >
Apps > Media Player. Enter the email and
password associated with the Internet radio account(s) you want to use, then touch Log In.
Slacker
Model S automatically provides you with a complimentary 12-month Slacker Plus account.
Tesla has set up this account for you and there
is no need to log in. To use your own Slacker
Plus or Premium account, log in as described
above.
Note: To
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Media SettingsTo adjust settings for your radio stations, and
to log into your Internet radio account(s),
touch Controls > Settings > Apps > Media
Player.
FavoritesTo add a currently playing radio
station or audio file to your Favorites
list, touch the Favorites icon on the
Now Playing screen. The icon turns
blue to show that it is a favorite. To
remove a favorite, touch the icon
again.
Note: Adding a radio station to your Favorites
list also assigns it to one of the six presets, if
an empty preset is available.
Note: To select a favorite radio station or
audio
file, you can browse your list of
Favorites by touching Browse > Favorites. As
shown below, the Favorites are grouped and
sorted by their source (FM, etc.).
To play the previous or next song or station in
your Favorites list, touch the previous or next
icon on the Now Playing screen, or use the buttons on the left side of the steering wheel
(see Using Left Steering Wheel Buttons on
page 37).
To remove a favorite from the list, touch the associated X.
Note: If you remove a favorite radio station or
channel that is assigned to a preset, it is also
removed from the preset.
My Music & Devices
To play audio
files from a USB-connected flashdrive or a Bluetooth-connected device, touch Media > Browse > My Music & Devices. The
name of the device will be displayed. Touch
the song, album, or playlist you want to play
and Media Player starts playing and displays
the Now Playing screen.
To play the next song in the selected playlist or album, touch the previous or next arrows
on the Now Playing tab, or use the buttons on
the left side of the steering wheel (see Using
Left Steering Wheel Buttons on page 37). You
can also
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The route overview icon is available
on the right side of the search bar
whenever a navigation route is
active. You can toggle between
North Up, Heading Up, and Route
Overview (see Using Maps on page
116). As you travel on your
navigation route, the zoom level
adjusts to display an overview of
the route and zooms in on your
destination as you make progress
on your trip.
The touchscreen also displays a turn-by-turn
direction list that includes estimated driving
time and arrival time.
During navigation, the instrument panel also
displays the turn-by-turn directions and you
will hear spoken instructions. To change the volume of the spoken instructions use the
scroll wheel on the left side of the steering wheel when the navigation instructions are
being spoken. You can also touch the volume button located on the turn-by-turn direction
list displayed on the touchscreen.
Model S detects real-time
traffic conditions
and automatically adjusts the estimated driving and arrival times based on
trafficconditions. In situations where trafficconditions will delay your estimated time of
arrival and an alternate route is available,
Model S reroutes you to your destination. You
can turn this feature
off by touching
Controls > Settings > Apps > Maps &
Navigation >
Traffic-Based Routing > Off.
When you display the
traffic layer on the map,
green traffic lines display under the route line,
whereas yellow and red traffic lines display on
top of the route line to ensure that heavy
traffic areas are easy to identify.
Model S can also monitor
traffic to your work
location (on weekday mornings) and to your home location (on weekday evenings) and
advise you if there is a better route in
situations where
traffic conditions will cause a
delay. You can set the time savings required
before the advice is given by touching Controls > Settings > Apps > Maps &
Navigation > Min Improvement for Commute Advice.
As you approach an upcoming turn on your
navigation route, a vertical progression bar
displays on the right side of the touchscreen

Inspecting and Maintaining TiresRegularly inspect the tread and side walls for
any sign of distortion (bulges), cuts or wear.Warning: Do not drive Model S if a tire is
damaged, excessively worn, or inflated to
an incorrect pressure. Check tires
regularly for wear, and ensure there are
no cuts, bulges or exposure of the ply/
cord structure.
Tire Wear
Adequate tread depth is important for proper
tire performance. Tires with a tread depth less
than 4/32” (3 mm) are more likely to
hydroplane in wet conditions and should not
be used. Tires with a tread depth less than
5/32” (4 mm) do not perform well in snow and
slush and should not be used when driving in
winter conditions.
Model S is originally
fitted with tires that have
wear indicators molded into the tread pattern. When the tread has been worn down to 4/32”(3 mm), the indicators start to appear at thesurface of the tread pattern, producing the
effect of a continuous band of rubber across
the width of the tire. For optimal performance and safety, Tesla recommends replacing tires
before the wear indicators are visible.
Tire Rotation, Balance, and Wheel Alignment
Tesla recommends rotating the tires every
5000 miles (8000 km).
Unbalanced wheels (sometimes noticeable as
vibration through the steering wheel)
affectvehicle handling and tire life. Even with regular
use, wheels can get out of balance. Therefore,
they should be balanced as required.
If tire wear is uneven (on one side of the tire
only) or becomes abnormally excessive, check
the alignment of wheels.
Note: When replacing only two tires, always
install the new tires on the rear.
Punctured Tires
A puncture eventually causes the tire to lose pressure, which is why it is important to check
tire pressures frequently. Permanently repair
or replace punctured or damaged tires as
soon as possible.
Your tubeless tires may not leak when
penetrated, provided the object remains in the tire. If, however, you feel a sudden vibration or
ride disturbance while driving, or you suspect a tire is damaged, immediately reduce yourspeed. Drive slowly, while avoiding heavy
braking or sharp steering and, when safe to do so, stop the vehicle. Arrange to have Model S
transported to a Tesla, or to a nearby tire
repair center.
Note: In some cases, you can temporarily
repair small tire punctures (under 1/4” (6
mm)) using an optional tire repair kit available
from Tesla. This allows you to slowly drive
Model S to Tesla or to a nearby tire repair
facility.Warning: Do not drive with a punctured
tire, even if the puncture has not causedthe tire to
deflate. A punctured tire candeflate suddenly at any time.
Flat Spots
If Model S is stationary for a long period in
high temperatures, tires can form
flat spots.
When Model S is driven, these flat spots cause
a vibration which gradually disappears as the
tires warm up and regain their original shape.
To minimize
flat spots during storage, inflatetires to the maximum pressure indicated on the tire wall. Then, before driving, release airto adjust tire pressure to the recommended
levels.
Improving Tire Mileage
To improve the mileage you get from your
tires, maintain tires at the recommended tire
pressures, observe speed limits and advisory
speeds, and avoid:

MotorTypeAC induction motor, liquid-cooled, withvariable frequency driveRating320 VoltsMaximum speed of large motors:
- rear motor on all single motor models
- rear motor on P85D16000 rpmMaximum speed of small motors:
- front motor on all dual motor models
- front and rear motor on 85D18000 rpmMaximum net power* and engine speed of large motorsBase: 285 kW @ 6850 rpm
Performance: 375 kW @ 5950 rpmMaximum net power* and engine speed of small
motorsBase: 145 kW @ 5700 rpm
Performance: 193 kW @ 6100 rpmMaximum torque of large motorsBase: 440 Nm
Performance: 650 NmMaximum torque of small motorsBase: 250 Nm
Performance: 330 Nm*Tested in accordance with ECE R85
Transmission
TypeSingle speed fixed gearOverall Final Drive Ratio9.73:1Reverse GearReverse direction of motor, limited to
15 mph (24 km/h)
Steering
TypeRack and pinion with electronic power steering
Variable ratio and speed sensitiveNumber of turns lock to lock2.45Turning Circle (curb to curb)40.7 ft (12.4 m)
Subsystems
166Model S Owner