brake fluid TOYOTA HIGHLANDER HYBRID 2006 XU40 / 2.G Owners Manual

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Road accident cautions
CAUTION
Pull your vehicle off the road, put the transmis-
sion in the “P” position, apply the parking brake, turn the hybrid system off and remove the key.
In order to avoid personal injuries, do not touch
high voltage wiring, connectors and high voltage parts (inverter unit, traction battery and etc.).
If exposed electric wires are protruding inside or
outside of your vehicle, an electric shock may oc- cur. Never touch the electric wires.
If fluid leaks or gets into some parts of the ve-
hicle, never touch it because it may be strong al-
kaline electrolyte from the traction battery. If it
contacts your skin or eyes, wash it off immediate-
ly with a large amount of water or if possible,
boric acid solution. Get immediate medical atten- tion in order to help avoid serious injury.
If a fire occurs in the hybrid vehicle, leave the
vehicle as soon as possible. Never use a fire ex-
tinguisher that is not meant for use on electric
fires. Using a small amount of water may be also dangerous.
If your vehicle needs to be towed, do it with the
front wheels raised (front wheel drive models) or
all four wheels raised (all wheel drive models). If
the wheels with the traction motor are on the
ground when towing, the motor may continue to
generate electricity. This may cause the electricity
leakage. Depending on the severity of the damage,
electricity leakage may cause fire. See “If your
vehicle needs to be towed” on page 354 in Section 4.

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CAUTION
Pull your vehicle off the road, put
the transmission in the “P” posi-
tion, apply the parking brake, turn
the hybrid system off and remove
the key.
In order to avoid personal injuries,
do not touch high voltage wiring,
connectors or high voltage parts
(inverter unit, traction battery and
etc.).
If exposed electric wires are pro-
truding inside or outside of your
vehicle, an electric shock may oc-
cur. Never touch the electric wires.
If fluid leaks or gets into some
parts of the vehicle, never touch it
because it may be strong alkaline
electrolyte from the traction battery.
If it contacts your skin or eyes,
wash it off immediately with a large
amount of water or if possible, bo-
ric acid solution. Get immediate
medical attention in order to help
avoid serious injury.
If a fire occurs in the hybrid ve-
hicle, leave the vehicle as soon as
possible. Never use a fire extin-
guisher that is not meant for elec-
tric fires. Using a small amount of
water may be also dangerous.
If your vehicle needs to be towed,
do it with the front wheels raised
(front wheel drive models) or all
four wheels raised (all models). If
the wheels with the traction motor
are on the ground when towing, the
motor may continue to generate
electricity. This may cause the elec-
tricity leakage. Depending on the
severity of the damage, electricity
leakage may cause fire. See “If your
vehicle needs to be towed” on page
354 in Section 4.
The emergency shut off system blocks
off the high voltage current and stops
the fuel pump to minimize the risk of
the electric leakage and the fuel leak-
age when a certain level of impact is
detected by the impact sensor. If the
system activates, your vehicle will not
restart. To restart the hybrid system,
contact a Toyota dealer.
CAUTION
Check to see if there are exposed
high voltage parts and cables. Nev-
er touch the parts and cables. See
“—High voltage components” on
page 6 in this Section for the loca-
tions of the high voltage parts and
cables.
Inspect the ground under the ve-
hicle. If you find that liquid has
leaked onto the ground, the fuel
system may have been damaged.
Leave the vehicle as soon as pos-
sible.
Road accident cautions— —Emergency shut off system

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(a) Brake System Warning Lights
These lights come on in the following
cases when the ignition key is in the “ON”
position.
RED WARNING LIGHT
When the parking brake is applied...
This light comes on when the ignition is
turned on, even after the parking brake is
released. When the vehicle speed exceeds
5 km/h (3 mph), a message “PARK
BRAKE” appears on the multi −information
display, the master warning light flashes
and a warning tone sounds.
When the brake fluid level is low...
CAUTION
It is dangerous to continue driving
normally when the brake fluid level is
low.
YELLOW WARNING LIGHT
When the regenerative brake system
or electronically controlled brake
system fails...
When the yellow warning light comes on,
the regenerative brake system and/or elec-
tronically controlled brake system is mal-
functioning. Take your vehicle to your
Toyota dealer.
RED AND YELLOW WARNING LIGHT
When the hydraulic brake system
fails...
If the red and yellow warning lights come
on, it indicates a serious problem and you
can continue driving no longer.
Have your vehicle checked at your
Toyota dealer in the following cases:
The lights do not come on even if the
parking brake is applied when the hy-
brid system is on.
The lights do not come on when the
ignition is turned on with the parking
brake released.
A red warning light turning on briefly dur-
ing operation does not indicate a problem.
CAUTION
If any of the following conditions oc-
curs, immediately stop your vehicle at
a safe place and contact your Toyota
dealer.
The red warning light does not turn
off even after the parking brake is
released with the hybrid system
turned on.
The red warning light stays on.
In either case, this can indicate that
the brakes may not work properly and
your stopping distance will become
longer. Depress the brake pedal firmly
and bring the vehicle to an immediate
stop.
The red brake system warning light
remains on together with the “ABS”
warning light and “CHECK VSC
SYSTEM” warning message.
In this case, not only the antilock
brake system and vehicle stability
control system will fail but also the
vehicle will become extremely unsta-
ble during braking.

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REGENERATIVE BRAKE
When the brake is applied, the motor gen-
erator converts kinetic energy into electric
energy.
The regenerative brake works in the fol-
lowing operations.
1. When the accelerator pedal is released, the reduced speed equal to engine
braking in a gasoline −fueled vehicle is
obtained in accordance with the running
mode position of the selector lever.
2. When the brake pedal is depressed with the selector lever in “D” or “B”,
the regenerative brake works.
HYDRAULIC BRAKE
This brake system has 3 independent hy-
draulic circuits. If any circuit should fail,
the other will still work. However, the ped-
al will be harder to press, and your stop-
ping distance will increase. Also, the
brake system warning light may come on.
CAUTION
Do not drive your vehicle with only a
single brake system. Have your
brakes fixed immediately.
BRAKE ACTUATOR
The brake actuator uses brake fluid pres-
surized by the pump to power −assist the
brakes. If the brake actuator fails during
driving, the brake system warning light
comes on and the buzzer sounds continu-
ously. In this case, the brakes may not
work properly. If they do not work well,
depress the brake pedal firmly. If the
brake system warning light comes on, im-
mediately stop your vehicle and contact
your Toyota dealer.
The red and yellow brake system warning
lights may stay on for about 60 seconds
after the ignition is turned on. It is normal
if the light turns off after a while.
Depressing the brake pedal repeatedly
may turn on the red warning light. It is
normal if the light turns off after a few
seconds.
You may hear a sound in the engine
compartment after the hybrid system is
started or the brake pedal is depressed
repeatedly. This is a pump pulsating
sound of the brake system, and it is not
a malfunction. In the following conditions, you may hear
a motor sound in the engine compartment.
The brake pedal is depressed when the
hybrid system is turned off.
The driver ’s door is opened.
For a few seconds after the hybrid sys-
tem is off and about 90 seconds have
passed.
The brake pedal stroke may be short
when you turn the ignition on with the
brake pedal depressed.
CAUTION
Do not pump the brake pedal if the
hybrid system is not operating.
Each push on the pedal uses up
your reserved brake fluid pressure.
Even if the power assist is com-
pletely lost, the brakes will still
work. But you will have to push the
pedal hard, much harder than nor-
mal. And your braking distance will
increase.
Brake system

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Use a washer fluid containing an anti-
freeze solution.
This product is available at your Toyota
dealer and most auto parts stores. Follow
the manufacturer ’s directions for how
much to mix with water.
NOTICE
Do not use engine antifreeze or any
other substitute because it may dam-
age your vehicle’s paint.
Do not use your parking brake when
there is a possibility it could freeze.
When parking, put the transmission into
“P” and block the rear wheels. Do not use
the parking brake, or snow or water accu-
mulated in and around the parking brake
mechanism may freeze, making it hard to
release.
Keep ice and snow from accumulating
under the fenders.
Ice and snow built up under your fenders
can make steering difficult. During bad
winter driving, stop and check under the
fenders occasionally. Depending on where you are driving,
we recommend you carry some emer-
gency equipment.
Some of the things you might put in the
vehicle are tire chains, window scraper,
bag of sand or salt, flares, small shovel,
jumper cables, etc.Your vehicle is not designed to be
dinghy towed (with four wheels on the
ground) behind a motorhome.
NOTICE
Do not tow your vehicle with four
wheels on the ground. This may
cause serious damage to your vehicle.
Dinghy towing

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CAUTION
Do not attempt to remove the radiator
cap when the hybrid system and ra-
diator are hot. Serious injury could
result from scalding hot fluid and
steam blown out under pressure.
6. After the coolant temperature has
cooled to normal, again check the cool-
ant level in the reservoir. If necessary,
bring it up to half full again. Serious
coolant loss indicates a leak in the
system. You s hould have it checked as
soon as possible at your Toyota dealer.
1. Reduce your speed gradually, keeping a straight line. Move cau-
tiously off the road to a safe place
well away from the traffic. Avoid
stopping on the center divider of
a highway. Park on a level spot
with firm ground.
2. Stop the hybrid system and turn on your emergency flashers.
3. Firmly set the parking brake and put the transmission in “P”.
4. Have everyone get out of the ve- hicle on the side away from traffic.
5. Read the following instructions thoroughly.CAUTION
When jacking, be sure to observe
the following to reduce the possi-
bility of personal injury:
Follow jacking instructions.
 Do not put any part of your
body under the vehicle sup-
ported by the jack. Otherwise,
personal injury may occur.
 Do not start the hybrid system
while your vehicle is supported
by the jack.
 Stop the vehicle on a level firm
ground, firmly set the parking
brake and put the transmission
in “P”. Block the wheel diago-
nally opposite to the one being
changed if necessary.
If you have a flat tire—

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If you are a skilled do−it−yourself mechan-
ic, the Toyota service manuals are recom-
mended. Please be aware that do −it−your-
self maintenance can affect your warranty
coverage. See “Owner ’s Warranty Informa-
tion Booklet” or “Owner ’s Manual Supple-
ment” for the details. Listed below are the general maintenance
items that should be performed as fre-
quently as specified. In addition to check-
ing the items listed, if you notice any
unusual noise, smell or vibration, you
should investigate the cause or take your
vehicle to your Toyota dealer or a quali-
fied service shop immediately. It is recom-
mended that any problem you notice be
brought to the attention of your dealer or
the qualified service shop for their advice.
CAUTION
Make these checks only with ade-
quate ventilation if the hybrid system
is turned on.
IN THE ENGINE COMPARTMENT
Items listed below should be checked
from time to time, e.g. each time when
refueling.
Washer fluid
Make sure there is sufficient fluid in the
tank. See page 403 in Section 7
−3 for
additional information. Coolant level
Make sure the coolant level is between
the “FULL” and “LOW” lines on the see
−
through reservoir when the hybrid system
is cold. See page 388 in Section 7 −2 for
additional information.
Radiator, condenser and hoses
Check that the front of the radiator and
condenser are clean and not blocked with
leaves, dirt or insects. See page 390 in
Section 7 −2 for additional information.
Auxiliary battery electrolyte l evel
Your Toyota has a maintenance free bat-
tery. You do not have to add distilled wa-
ter. For longer life of the battery, however,
see page 400 for additional information.
Brake fluid level
Make sure the brake fluid level is correct.
See page 390 in Section 7 −2 for addition-
al information.
Engine oil level
Check the level on the dipstick with the
hybrid system turned off and the vehicle
parked on a level spot. See page 386 in
Section 7 −2 for additional information.
General maintenance

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Exhaust system
If you notice any change in the sound of
the exhaust or smell exhaust fumes, have
the cause located and corrected immedi-
ately. (See “Engine exhaust cautions” on
page 305 in Section 2.)
INSIDE THE VEHICLE
Items listed below should be checked
regularly, e.g. while performing periodic
services, cleaning the vehicle, etc.
Lights
Make sure the headlights, stop lights, tail
lights, turn signal lights, and other lights
are all working. Check headlight aim.
Service reminder indicators and warning
buzzers
Check that all service reminder indicators
and warning buzzers function properly.
Steering wheel
Check that it has the specified free play.
Be alert for changes in steering condition,
such as hard steering or strange noise. Seats
Check that all seat controls such as seat
adjusters, seatback recliner, etc. operate
smoothly and that all latches lock securely
in any position. Check that the head re-
straints move up and down smoothly and
that the locks hold securely in any latched
position. For folding
−down rear seatbacks,
check that the latches lock securely.
Seat belts
Check that the seat belt system such as
buckles, retractors and anchors operate
properly and smoothly. Make sure the belt
webbing is not cut, frayed, worn or dam-
aged.
Accelerator pedal
Check the pedal for smooth operation and
uneven pedal effort or catching.
Brake pedal
Check the pedal for smooth operation and
that the pedal has the proper clearance.
Check the brake booster function.
Brakes
In a safe place, check that the brakes do
not pull to one side when applied. Parking brake
Check that the pedal has the proper travel
and that, on a safe incline, your vehicle
is held securely with only the parking
brake applied.
Transmission “Park” mechanism
Check the lock release button of the se-
lector lever for proper and smooth opera-
tion. On a safe incline, check that your
vehicle is held securely with the selector
lever in “P” position and all brakes re-
leased.
OUTSIDE THE VEHICLE
Items listed below should be performed
from time to time, unless otherwise
specified.
Fluid leaks
Check underneath for leaking fuel, oil, wa-
ter or other fluid after the vehicle has
been parked for a while. If you smell fuel
fumes or notice any leak, have the cause
found and corrected immediately.
Doors and engine hood
Check that all side doors and back door
operate smoothly and all latches lock se-
curely. Make sure the engine hood sec-
ondary latch secures the hood from open-
ing when the primary latch is released.

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1. Windshield and rear window washer
fluid tank
2. Brake fluid reservoir
3. Engine oil level dipstick
4. Gasoline engine coolant reservoir
5. Engine oil filler cap
6. Inverter coolant reservoir
7. Fuse blocks
8. Gasoline engine coolant radiator
9. Condenser
10. Inverter coolant radiator
11. Electric cooling fans
12. Auxiliary battery
Engine compartment overview

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CAUTION
Never touch, remove or disassemble
high voltage parts and cables.
Touching, removing or disassem-
bling those parts and cables can
cause severe burns or electric
shock that may result in death or
serious injury. For the locations of
high voltage parts and cables, see
“—High voltage components” on
page 6 in Section 11.
When the hybrid system is on, keep
hands, clothing, and tools away
from the moving fan. (Removing
rings, watches, and ties is advis-
able.)
Right after driving, the engine
compartment—the engine, radiator,
exhaust manifold and spark plug
boots, etc.—will be hot. So be care-
ful not to touch them. Oil, fluids
and spark plugs may also be hot.
If the radiator is hot, do not remove
the radiator cap or loosen the drain
plugs to prevent burning yourself.
Do not leave anything that may
burn easily, such as paper or rags,
in the engine compartment.
Do not smoke, cause sparks or al-
low open flames around fuel or the
battery. Their fumes are flammable.
When the hybrid system is operat-
ing with the “READY” light on, the
engine may suddenly start in some
cases. When you inspect the engine
compartment, be sure to turn off
the hybrid system.
Do not get under your vehicle with
just the body jack supporting it. Al-
ways use automotive jack stands or
other solid supports.
Be sure that the ignition is off if
you work near the electric cooling
fans or radiator grille. With the
ignition on, the electric cooling fans
will automatically start to run if the
engine coolant temperature is high
and/or the air conditioning is on.
Use eye protection whenever you
work on or under your vehicle
where you may be exposed to flying
or falling material, fluid spray, etc.
Brake fluid can harm your hands or
eyes and damage painted surfaces.
If fluid gets on your hands or in
your eyes, flush the affected area
with clean water immediately. If you
still feel uncomfortable with your
hands or eyes, go to the doctor.
Used engine oil contains potentially
harmful contaminants which may
cause skin disorders such as in-
flammation or skin cancer, so care
should be taken to avoid prolonged
and repeated contact with it. To re-
move used engine oil from your
skin, wash thoroughly with soap
and water.
Do not leave used oil within the
reach of children.
Dispose of used oil and filter only
in a safe and acceptable manner.
Do not dispose of used oil and fil-
ter in household trash, in sewers or
onto the ground. Call your dealer or
a service station for information
concerning recycling or disposal.
Be extremely cautious when work-
ing on the auxiliary battery. It con-
tains poisonous and corrosive
sulfuric acid.