Power steering TOYOTA LAND CRUISER 1996 J80 User Guide

PP2YN−01
−
PREPARATION STEERING
PP−61
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
LUBRICANT
ItemCapacityClassification
Power steering fluid Total0.8 liters (0.9 US qts, 0.7 lmp. qts)ATF DEXRON® II or III
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RS0OZ−02
−
SUPPLEMENTAL RESTRAINT SYSTEM SRS AIRBAG
RS−1
1100
Author: Date:
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
SRS AIRBAG
PRECAUTION
NOTICE:
The LAND CRUISER is equipped with an SRS , which comprises a driver airbag \
and a front pas-
senger airbag. Failure to carry out service operations in the correct sequence could cause the
SRS to unexpectedly deploy during servicing, possibly leading to a serio\
us accident. Further,
if a mistake is made in servicing the SRS, it is possible the SRS may fail to\
operate when re-
quired. Before performing servicing (including removal or installation \
of parts, inspection or
replacement), be sure to read the following items carefully, then follow the correct procedure
described in the repair manual.
Malfunction symptoms of the SRS are difficult to confirm, so the DTCs become the mos\
t impor-
tant source of information when troubleshooting. When troubleshooting th\
e SRS, always in-
spect the DTCs before disconnecting the battery.
Even in cases of a minor collision where the SRS does not deploy, the steering wheel pad, front
passenger airbag assembly, and airbag sensor assembly should be inspected (See pages
RS−9 , RS−23 and RS−34 )
Never use SRS parts from another vehicle. When replacing parts, replace them with \
new parts.
Never disassemble and repair the steering wheel pad, front passenger airbag assembly , or air-
bag sensor assembly in order to reuse it.
If the steering wheel pad, front passenger airbag assembly or airbag sen\
sor assembly have
been dropped, or if there are cracks, dents or other defects in the case, br\
acket or connector,
replace them with new ones.
Use a volt/ohmmeter wi th high impedance (10 k Ω/V minimum) for troubleshooting the system’s
electrical circuits.
Information labels are attached to the periphery of the SRS components. Follow the instruc-
tions on the notices.
After work on the SRS is completed, check the SRS warning light (See pa\
ge DI−240).
If the vehicle is equipped with a mobile communication system, refer to the precaution in the
IN section.
CAUTION:
Work must be started after 90 seconds from the time the ignition switch is t\
urned to the ”LOCK”
position and the negative ( −) terminal cable is disconnected from the battery.
(The SRS is equipped with a back− up power source so that if work is started within 90 seconds
of disconnecting the negative ( −) terminal cable of the battery, the SRS may be deployed.)
When the negative (−) terminal cable is disconnected from the battery, the memory of the clock
and audio system will be canceled. So before starting work, make a record o\
f the contents mem-
orized in the audio memory system. When work is finished, reset the audio syst\
ems as they
were before and adjust the clock. To avoid erasing the memory of each memory system, never
use a back−up power supply from outside the vehicle.
Before repairs, remove the airbag sensor if shocks are likely to be applied to the senso\
r during
repairs.
Do not expose the steering wheel pad, front passenger airbag assembly, or airbag sensor as-
sembly directly to hot air or flames.
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Z05490
Secondary LockPrimary Lock Lock Lock
Primary Lock Incomplate
(Secondary Lock Prevended) Primary Lock Complate
(Secondary Lock Permitted
Twin−Lock Complated
Z14034
Fig.1
Fig.2 Power Source
SafingSensor Squibs
Airbag
Sensor
RS−6
−
SUPPLEMENTAL RESTRAINT SYSTEM SRS AIRBAG
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
(4) Connector Twin −Lock Mechanism
With this mechanism connectors (male and female
connectors) are locked by 2 locking devices to in-
crease connection reliability. If the primary lock is in-
complete, ribs interfere and prevent the secondary
lock.
(b) When the vehicle is involved in a frontal collision in the hatched area (Fig. 1) and the shock is larger than the pre-
determined level, the SRS is activated automatically. A
safing sensor is designed to go on at a smaller decelera-
tion rate than the airbag sensor. As illustrated in Fig. 2,
ignition is caused when current flows to the squib, which
happens when a safing sensor and the airbag sensor go
on simultaneously.When a deceleration force acts on the
sensors, two squibs in the driver airbag and front passen-
ger airbag ignite and generate gas. The gas discharging
into the driver airbag and front passenger airbag rapidly
increases the pressure inside the bags, breaking open
the steering wheel pad and instrument panel door.
Bag inflation then ends, and the bags deflate as the gas
is discharged through discharge holes at the bag’s rear or
side.
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AB0158
SSTBattery
AB0152
SST
AB0158
SST
Battery
H01580
SST
RS−12
−
SUPPLEMENTAL RESTRAINT SYSTEM STEERING WHEEL PAD AND SPIRAL CABLE
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
1. AIRBAG DEPLOYMENT WHEN SCRAPPING VE-
HICLE
HINT:
Have a battery ready as the power source to deploy the airbag.
(a) Check functioning of the SST.
CAUTION:
When deploying the airbag, always use the specified SST:
SRS Airbag Deployment Tool. SST 09082−00700
(1) Connect the SST to the battery.Connect the red clip of the SST to the battery posi-
tive (+) terminal and the black clip to the battery neg-
ative (−) terminal.
HINT:
Do not connect the yellow connector which will be connected
with the supplemental restraint system.
(2) Check functioning of the SST.Press the SST activation switch, and check that the
LED of the SST activation switch lights up.
CAUTION:
If the LED lights up when the activation switch is not being
pressed, SST malfunction is probable, so definitely do not
use the SST.
(b) Install the SST.
CAUTION:
Check that there is no looseness in the steering wheel and
steering wheel pad. (1) Remove the steering column lower cover.Remove the 3 screws and steering column lower
cover as shown in the illustration.
(2) Disconnect the airbag connector of the spiral cable.
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Connector
AB0163
Wire Harness
Diameter
Stripped Wire Harness Section
RS−14
−
SUPPLEMENTAL RESTRAINT SYSTEM STEERING WHEEL PAD AND SPIRAL CABLE
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
2. DEPLOYMENT WHEN DISPOSING OF STEERING
WHEEL PAD ONLY
NOTICE:
When disposing of the steering wheel pad (with air-
bag) only, never use the customers vehicle to deploy
the airbag.
Be sure to follow the procedure given below when de-
ploying the airbag.
HINT:
Have a battery ready as the power source to deploy the airbag.
(a) Remove the steering wheel pad (See page SR−11).
CAUTION:
When storing the steering wheel pad, keep the upper sur-
face of the pad facing upward.
(b) Remove the connector on the rear surface of the steering
wheel pad from the bracket.
(c) Using a service −purpose wire harness, tie down the
steering wheel pad to the disc wheel.
Wire harness: Stripped wire harness section
1.25 mm
2 or more (0.0019 in2 or more).
HINT:
To calculate the square of the stripped wire harness section:
Square = 3.14 x (Diameter)
2 divided by 4
CAUTION:
If a wire harness which is too thin or some other thing is
used to tie down the steering wheel pad, it may be snapped
by the shock when the airbag is deployed. This is highly
dangerous. Always use a wire harness for vehicle use
which is at least 1.25 mm
2 (0.0019 in2).
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SA1U7−01
−
SUSPENSION AND AXLE TROUBLESHOOTING
SA−1
858
Author: Date:
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
TROUBLESHOOTING
PROBLEM SYMPTOMS TABLE
Use the table below to help you find the cause of the problem. The numbers \
indicate the priority of the likely
cause of the problem. Check each part in order. If necessary, replace these parts.
(w/ Differential locking system):
Check that center differential lock mode is set.
When switching differential Free↔Lock, the indicator lamp will blink if the gears of the differen-
tial lock sleeve are not meshed. If this occurs, when the tires are rotated \
to apply differential
power to the differential, the differential locks and the indicator lamp\
light up.
SymptomSuspect AreaSee page
Wander/ pulls
1. Tires: worn or improperly inflated
2. Wheel alignmemt: incorrect
3. Steering linkage: loosen or worn
4. Hub bearings: loosen or worn
5. Steering gear: out of adjustment or brokenSA−3
SA−4
SR−47 SA−8
SR−41
Bottoming
1. Vehicle: overloaded
2. Spring weak
3. Shock absorber: worn out−
SA−49
SA−49
Sways/ pitches
1. Tires: worn or improperly inflated
2. Stabilizer bar: bent or broken
3. Shock absorber: worn outSA−3
SA−60
SA−49
Front wheel shimmy
1. Tires: worn or improperly inflated
2. Wheels: out of balance
3. Shock absorber: worn out
4. Wheel alignmemt: incorrect
5. Hub bearings: loosen or worn
6. Steering linkage: loosen or worn
7. Steering gear: out of adjustment or brokenSA−3
SA−3
SA−49 SA−3
SA−7
SR−45
SR−38
Abnormal tire wear
1. Tires: worn or improperly inflated
2. Wheel alignmemt: incorrect
3. Suspension parts: worn out
4. Shock absorber: worn outSA−3
SA−3 −
SA−49
Noise in front dif ferential
1. Oil level: low or wrong grade
2. Excessive backlash between pinion and ring gear
3. Ring, pinion ro side gears: worn or chipped
4. Pinion shaft bearing: worn
5. Side bearing: worn
6. Differential bearing: loosen or wornSA−21
SA−29
SA−29
SA−29
SA−29
SA−29
Oil leak from front dif ferential
1. Oil level: too high or wrong grade
2. Drive pinion oil seal: worn or damaged
3. Side gear oil seal: worn or damaged
4. Companion flange: loosen or damaged
5. Side gear shaft: damagedSA−21
SA−29
SA−29
SA−29
SA−29
Noise in rear axle
1. Oil level: low or wrong grade
2. Excessive backlash between pinion and ring gear
3. Ring, pinion ro side gears: worn or chipped
4. Pinion shaft bearing: worn
5. Axle shaft bearing: worn
6. Differential bearing: loosen or wornSA−73
SA−87
SA−87
SA−87
SA−87
SA−87
Oil leak from rear axle1. Oil seal: worn or damaged
2. Rear axle housing: crackedSA−73
−
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SR165−01
SR−2
−
STEERING TROUBLESHOOTING
1053
Author: Date:
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
TROUBLESHOOTING
PROBLEM SYMPTOMS TABLE
Use the table below to help you find the cause of the problem. The numbers \
indicate the priority of the likely
cause of the problem. Check each part in the order shown. If necessary, repair or replace these parts.
SymptomSuspect AreaSee page
Hard steering
11. Tires (Improperly inflated)
12.Power steering fluid level (Low)
13.Front wheel alignment (Incorrect)
14.Steering system joints (Worn)
15.Suspension arm ball joints (W orn)
16.Steering column (Binding)
17.Power steering vane pump
18.Power steering gearSA−3
SR−4 SA−4 −
−
−
SR−21
SR−33
Poor return
1. Tires (Improperly inflated)
2. Front wheel alignment (Incorrect)
3. Steering column (Binding)
4. Power steering gearSA−3
SA−4 −
SR−33
Excessive play
1. Steering system joints (Worn)
2. Suspension arm ball joints (W orn)
3. Intermediate shaft, Universal joint, Sliding yoke (Worn)
4. Front wheel bearing (W orn)
5. Power steering gear−
−
−
SR−7
SR−33
Abnormal noise
1. Power steering fluid level (Low)
2. Steering system joints (Worn)
3. Power steering vane pump
4. Power steering gearSR−4 −
SR−21
SR−33
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SR167−01
R07281
Normal
Abnormal
−
STEERING POWER STEERING FLUID
SR−3
1054
Author: Date:
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
POWER STEERING FLUID
BLEEDING
1. CHECK FLUID LEVEL (See page SR−4 )
2. JACK UP FRONT OF VEHICLE AND SUPPORT IT WITH STANDS
3. TURN STEERING WHEEL
With the engine stopped, turn the wheel slowly from lock to lock
several times.
4. LOWER VEHICLE
5. START ENGINE
Run the engine at idle for a few minutes.
6. TURN STEERING WHEEL
(a) With the engine idling, turn the wheel to left or right full lock and keep it there for 2 −3 seconds, then turn the
wheel to the opposite full lock and keep it there for 2 −3 se-
conds.
(b) Repeat (a) several times.
7. STOP ENGINE
8. CHECK FOR FOAMING OR EMULSIFICATION
If the system has to be bled twice specifically because of foam-
ing or emulsification, check for fluid leaks in the system.
9. CHECK FLUID LEVEL (See page SR−4)
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SR166−01
R07281
Normal Abnormal
SR−4
−
STEERING POWER STEERING FLUID
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
INSPECTION
1. CHECK FLUID LEVEL
(a) Keep the vehicle level.
(b) With the engine stopped, check the fluid level in the oil reservoir.
If necessary, add fluid.
Fluid: ATF DEXRON® II or III
HINT:
Check that the fluid level is within the HOT LEVEL range on the
reservoir cap dipstick. If the fluid is cold, check that it is within
the COLD LEVEL range.
(c) Start the engine and run it at idle.
(d) Turn the steering wheel from lock to lock several times to
boost fluid temperature.
Fluid temperature: 80° C (176°F)
(e) Check for foaming or emulsification.
If there is foaming or emulsification, bleed power steering sys-
tem. (See page SR−3 ).
(f) With the engine idling, measure the fluid level in the oil reservoir.
(g) Stop the engine.
(h) Wait a few minutes and remeasure the fluid level in the oil reservoir.
Maximum fluid level rise: 5 mm (0.20 in.)
If a problem is found, bleed power steering system (See page
SR−3 ).
(i) Check the fluid level.
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Z15498
PS GearClosed
SST PS Vane
Pump
Oil
Reservoir
−
STEERING POWER STEERING FLUID
SR−5
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
2. CHECK STEERING FLUID PRESSURE
(a) Disconnect the pressure feed tube from the PS vane
pump (See page SR−23).
(b) Connect SST over 2 new gaskets, as shown below. SST 09640 −10010 (09641 −01010, 09641 −01030,
09641 −01060)
NOTICE:
Check that the valve of the SST is in the open position.
(c) Bleed the power steering system (See page SR−3).
(d) Start the engine and run it at idle.
(e) Turn the steering wheel from lock to lock several times to
boost fluid temperature.
Fluid temperature: 80° C (176°F)
(f) With the engine idling, close the valve of the SST and ob-
serve the reading on the SST.
Minimum fluid pressure:
9,316kPa (95 kgf/cm
2, 1,351 psi)
NOTICE:
Do not keep the valve closed for more than 10 se-
conds.
Do not let the fluid temperature become too high.
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