catalytic converter TOYOTA LAND CRUISER 1996 J80 Workshop Manual

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INTRODUCTION FOR ALL OF VEHICLES
IN−15
15
Author: Date:
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
3. FOR VEHICLES EQUIPPED WITH A CATALYTIC CONVERTER
CAUTION:
If large amount of unburned gasoline flows into the converter, it may overheat and create a fire haz-
ard. To prevent this, observe the following precautions and explain them to yo\
ur customer.
(a) Use only unleaded gasoline.
(b) Avoid prolonged idling.
Avoid running the engine at idle speed for more than 20 minutes.
(c) Avoid spark jump test. (1) Perform spark jump test only when absolutely necessary. Perform this test as rapidly as possible.
(2) While testing, never race the engine.
(d) Avoid prolonged engine compression measurement. Engine compression tests must be done as rapidly as possible.
(e) Do not run engine when fuel tank is nearly empty. This may cause the engine to misfire and create an extra load on the con\
verter.
(f) Avoid coasting with ignition turned off.
(g) Do not dispose of used catalyst along with parts contaminated with gasol\
ine or oil.
4. IF VEHICLE IS EQUIPPED WITH MOBILE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
For vehicles with mobile communication systems such as two− way radios and cellular telephones, observe
the following precautions. (1) Install the antenna as far as possible away from the ECU and sensors of the vehicle’\
s electronic
system.
(2) Install the antenna feeder at least 20 cm (7.87 in.) away from the ECU and se\
nsors of the ve- hicle’s electronic systems. For details about ECU and sensors locations, refer\
to the section on
the applicable component.
(3) Avoid winding the antenna feeder together with other wiring as much as possible, and also avoid
running the antenna feeder parallel with other wire harnesses.
(4) Check that the antenna and feeder are correctly adjusted.
(5) Do not install powerful mobile communications system.
5. FOR USING OBD II SCAN TOOL OR TOYOTA HAND −HELD TESTER
CAUTION:
Observe the following items for safety reasons:
Before using the OBD II scan tool or TOYOTA hand −held tester, the OBD II scan tool’s instruc-
tion book or TOYOTA hand −held tester’s operator manual should be read thoroughly.
Be sure to route all cables securely when driving with the OBD II scan too\
l or TOYOTA hand −
held tester connected to the vehicle. (i.e. Keep cables away from feet,\
pedals, steering wheel
and shift lever.)
Two persons are required when test driving with the OBD II scan tool or TOYOTA hand −held
tester, one person to drive the vehicle and the other person to operate the OBD\
II scan tool or
TOYOTA hand−held tester.
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IN04Q−07
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INTRODUCTION TERMS
IN−33
33
Author: Date:
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
TERMS
ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THIS MANUAL
AbbreviationsMeaning
ABSAnti−Lock Brake System
ACAlternating Current
ACCAccessory
ACISAcoustic Control Induction System
ACSDAutomatic Cold Start Device
A.D.D.Automatic Disconnecting Differential
A/FAir−Fuel Ratio
AHCActive Height Control Suspension
ALRAutomatic Locking Retractor
ALTAlternator
AMPAmplifier
ANTAntenna
APPROX.Approximately
A/TAutomatic Transmission (Transaxle)
AT FAutomatic Transmission Fluid
AUTOAutomatic
AUXAuxiliary
AV GAverage
AV SAdaptive Variable Suspension
BABrake Assist
BACSBoost Altitude Compensation System
BATBattery
BDCBottom Dead Center
B/LBi−Level
B/SBore−Stroke Ratio
BTDCBefore Top Dead Center
BVSVBimetallic Vacuum Switching V alve
Calif.California
CBCircuit Breaker
CCoCatalytic Converter For Oxidation
CDCompact Disc
CFCornering Force
CGCenter Of Gravity
CHChannel
COMB.Combination
CPECoupe
CPSCombustion Pressure Sensor
CPUCentral Processing Unit
CRSChild Restraint System
CTRCenter
C/VCheck Valve
CVControl Valve
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−
INTRODUCTION TERMS
IN−39
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
HO2S
Heated Oxygen SensorHeated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S)
IACIdle Air ControlIdle Speed Control (ISC)
IATIntake Air TemperatureIntake or Inlet Air T
emperature
ICMIgnition Control Module−
IFIIndirect Fuel InjectionIndirect Injection (IDL)
IFSInertia Fuel−Shutoff−
ISCIdle Speed Control−
KSKnock SensorKnock Sensor
MAFMass Air FlowAir Flow Meter
MAPManifold Absolute PressureManifold Pressure
Intake V acuum
MCMixture Control
Electric Bleed Air Control Valve (EBCV)
Mixture Control Valve (MCV)
Electric Air Control Valve (EACV)
MDPManifold Dif ferential Pressure−
MFIMultiport Fuel InjectionElectronic Fuel Injection (EFI)
MILMalfunction Indicator LampCheck Engine Lamp
MSTManifold Surface T emperature−
MVZManifold Vacuum Zone−
NVRAMNon−Volatile Random Access Memory−
O2SOxygen SensorOxygen Sensor, O2 Sensor (O2S)
OBDOn−Board DiagnosticOn− Board Diagnostic System (OBD)
OCOxidation Catalytic ConverterOxidation Catalyst Convert (OC), CCo
OPOpen LoopOpen Loop
PAIRPulsed Secondary Air InjectionAir Suction (AS)
PCMPowertrain Control Module−
PNPPark/Neutral Position−
PROMProgrammable Read Only Memory−
PSPPower Steering Pressure−
PTOXPeriodic Trap OxidizerDiesel Particulate Filter (DPF)
Diesel Particulate Trap (DPT)
RAMRandom Access MemoryRandom Access Memory (RAM)
RMRelay Module−
ROMRead Only MemoryRead Only Memory (ROM)
RPMEngine SpeedEngine Speed
SCSuperchargerSupercharger
SCBSupercharger BypassE−ABV
SFISequential Multiport Fuel InjectionElectronic Fuel Injection (EFI), Sequential Injection
SPLSmoke Puff Limiter−
SRIService Reminder Indicator−
SRTSystem Readiness Test−
STScan Tool−
TBThrottle BodyThrottle Body
TBIThrottle Body Fuel InjectionSingle Point Injection
Central Fuel Injection (Ci)
TCTurbochargerTurbocharger
TCCTorque Converter ClutchTorque Converter
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IN−40
−
INTRODUCTION TERMS
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
TCM
Transmission Control ModuleTransmission ECU, ECT ECU
TPThrottle PositionThrottle Position
TRTransmission Range−
TVVThermal Vacuum V
alveBimetallic Vacuum Switching Valve (BVSV)
Thermostatic Vacuum Switching Valve (TVSV)
TWCThree−Way Catalytic Converter
Three−Way Catalytic (TWC)
Manifold Converter
CC
RO
TWC+OCThree−Way + Oxidation Catalytic ConverterCCR + CCo
VA FVolume Air FlowAir Flow Meter
VRVoltage RegulatorVoltage Regulator
VSSVehicle Speed SensorVehicle Speed Sensor
WOTWide Open ThrottleFull Throttle
WU−OCWarm Up Oxidation Catalytic Converter−
WU−TWCWarm Up Three−Way Catalytic Converter−
3GRThird Gear−
4GRFourth Gear−
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P21242 FI7210A00027
Atmosphere
Flange
Platinum Electrode
Solid Electrolyte
(Zirconia Element)
Platinum Electrode
Heater
Coating (Ceramic)
Exhaust GasCover Ideal Air−
Fuel Mixture
Output Voltage
Richer − Air Fuel Ratio − Leaner
DI−40
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DIAGNOSTICS ENGINE
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
DTC P0125 Insufficient Coolant Temp. for Closed Loop
Fuel Control
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
To obtain a high purification rate for the CO, HC and NOx components of th\
e exhaust gas, a three −way cata-
lytic converter is used, but for the most efficient use of the three −way catalytic converter, the air−fuel ratio
must be precisely controlled so that it is always close to the stoichiom\
etric air −fuel ratio.
The oxygen sensor has the characteristic where by its output voltage change\
s suddenly in the vicinity of the
stoichiometric air −fuel ratio. This characteristic is used to detect the oxygen concentrati\
on in the exhaust
gas and provide feedback to the computer for control of the air −fuel ratio.
When the air −fuel ratio becomes LEAN, the oxygen concentration in the exhaust increas\
es and the oxygen
sensor informs the ECM of the LEAN condition (small electromotive force: 0 V)\
.
When the air −fuel ratio is RICHER than the stoichiometric air −fuel ratio the oxygen concentration in the ex-
haust gas in reduced and the oxygen sensor informs the ECM of the RICH condit\
ion (large electromotive
force: 1 V). The ECM judges by the electromotive force from the oxygen \
sensor whether the air −fuel ratio
is RICH or LEAN and controls the injection time accordingly. However, if malfunction of the oxygen sensor
causes output of abnormal electromotive force, the ECM is unable to perform acc\
urate air −fuel ratio control.
The heated oxygen sensors include a heater which heats the zirconia element\
. The heater is controlled by
the ECM. When the intake air volume is low (the temp. of the exhaust gas i\
s low) current flows to the heater
to heat the sensor for accurate oxygen concentration detection.
DTC No.DTC Detecting ConditionTrouble Area
P0125
After the engine is warmed up, heated oxygen sensor (bank 1
sensor 2) output does not indicate RICH even once when
conditions (a), (b) and (c) continue for at least 1.5 min.
(a) Engine speed: 1,500 rpm or more
(b) Vehicle speed: 40 − 100 km/h (25 − 62 mph)
(c) Closed throttle position switch: OFF
 Open or short in heated oxygen sensor (bank 1 sensor 1)
circuit
 Heated oxygen sensor (bank1 sensor 1)
DI5P9−02
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EC07H−06
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EMISSION CONTROL EMISSION CONTROL SYSTEM
EC−1
614
Author: Date:
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
EMISSION CONTROL SYSTEM
PURPOSE
The emission control systems are installed to reduce the amount of HC, CO a\
nd NOx exhausted from the
engine ((3), (4) and (5)), to prevent the atmospheric release of blow −by gas− containing HC (1) and evapo-
rated fuel containing HC being released from the fuel tank (2).
The function of each system is shown in the following table.
SystemAbbreviationFunction
(1) Positive Crankcase V entilation
(2) Evaporative Emission Control
(3) Exhaust Gas Recirculation
(4) Three− Way Catalytic Converter
(5) Sequential Multiport Fuel Injection*PCV
EVAP EGR
TWC SFIReduces HC
Reduces evaporated HC
Reduces NOx
Reduces HC, CO and NOx
Injects a precisely timed, optimum amount of fuel for reduced
exhaust emissions
Remark: * For inspection and repair of the SFI system, refer to the SF section \
in this manual.
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EC0H3−02
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EMISSION CONTROL THREE−WAY CATALYTIC CONVERTER (TWC)
SYSTEMEC−15
628
Author: Date:
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
THREE−WAY CATALYTIC CONVERTER (TWC) SYSTEM
INSPECTION
1. EXHAUST PIPE ASSEMBLY INSPECTION
(a) Check connection for looseness or damage
(b) Check clamps for weakness, cracks or damage
2. TWC INSPECTION
Check for dents or damage
If any part of the protector is damaged or dented to the extent that it touches the TWC, repair or replace it.
3. HEAT INSULATOR INSPECTION
(a) Check heat insulator for damage
(b) Check for adequate clearance between TWC and heat insulator.
4. FRONT TWC AND REAR TWC REPLACEMENT (See page EM−11 0 )
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