wheel alignment TOYOTA LAND CRUISER 1996 J80 Workshop Manual

SA1U9−02
Z03382
SA3213
AB
D
C
Front
R05628
A
B
A = B
SA−4
−
SUSPENSION AND AXLE FRONT WHEEL ALIGNMENT
861
Author: Date:
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
FRONT WHEEL ALIGNMENT
INSPECTION
1. MEASURE VEHICLE HEIGHT
Clearance:
A (Follow spring clearance): 36 mm (1.42 in.)
B (Bumper stopper clearance): 104 mm (4.09 in.)
If the clearance of the vehicle is not standard, try to level the ve-
hicle by rocking it down.
If still not correct, check for bad springs or suspension parts.
2. INSTALL CAMBER−CASTER−KINGPIN GAUGE OR ONTO WHEEL ALIGNMENT TESTER
Follow the specific instructions of the equipment manufacturer.
3. INSPECT CAMBER, CASTER AND STEERING AXIS INCLINATION
Camber
Left−right error1°00’ ± 45
45’ or less
Caster Left−right error3°00’ ± 1°
45’ or less
Steering axis inclination13 °00’ ± 45’
Camber, caster and steering axis inclination are not adjustable.
If measurements are not within the specification, inspect the
suspension parts for damaged and/or worn out parts and re-
place them as necessary.
4. INSPECT TOE −IN
To e−in
(total)A+B: 0.2 ° ± 0.2°
C −D: 2 ± 2 mm (0.08 ± 0.08 in.)
If toe− in is not within the specification, adjust by the tie rod end.
5. ADJUST TOE−IN
(a) Loosen the clamp bolts and nuts.
(b) Adjust toe−in to the correct value by turning the tie rod.
HINT:
Make sure that the lengths of the left and right tie rod ends are
the same.
(c) Torque the clamp bolts and nuts. Torque: 37 N·m (375 kgf·cm, 27 ft·lbf)
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R05626
Front
Side+10
° +60
°
−10 °
FA0507
FA0018
A B
Front BA
A: Inside
B: Outside
−
SUSPENSION AND AXLE FRONT WHEEL ALIGNMENT
SA−5
862
Author: Date:
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
HINT:
The clamps opening must be positioned at the rear of the tie rod
end face within 60 °±10° from the vehicle axis.
6. INSPECT WHEEL ANGLE
(a) Remove the caps of the knuckle stopper bolts and check the steering angles.
(b) Turn the steering wheel fully, and measure the turning angle.
Inside wheel32°00’ − 35°00’
Outside wheel31 °00’ (Reference)
HINT:
When the steering wheel is fully turned, make sure that the
wheel is not touching the body or brake flexible hose.
If maximum steering angles differ from the standard value, ad-
just the wheel angle with the knuckle stopper bolts.
Torque: 44 N·m (450 kgf·cm, 33 ft·lbf)
If the wheel angle still cannot be adjusted within limits, inspect
and replace damaged or worn steering parts.
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−
SUSPENSION AND AXLE STEERING KNUCKLE AND AXLE SHAFT
SA−19
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
(c) Torque the 8 bolts.
Torque: 47 N·m (475 kgf·cm, 34 ft·lbf)
13. CONNECT ABS SPEED SENSOR
Connect the speed sensor and 2 bolts to the steering knuckle.
Torque: 18 N·m (185 kgf·cm, 13 ft·lbf)
14. INSTALL AXLE HUB (See page SA−9)
15. CHECK FRONT WHEEL ALIGNMENT (See page SA−4 )
16. CHECK ABS SPEED SENSOR SIGNAL (See page DI−190 )
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SR165−01
SR−2
−
STEERING TROUBLESHOOTING
1053
Author: Date:
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
TROUBLESHOOTING
PROBLEM SYMPTOMS TABLE
Use the table below to help you find the cause of the problem. The numbers \
indicate the priority of the likely
cause of the problem. Check each part in the order shown. If necessary, repair or replace these parts.
SymptomSuspect AreaSee page
Hard steering
11. Tires (Improperly inflated)
12.Power steering fluid level (Low)
13.Front wheel alignment (Incorrect)
14.Steering system joints (Worn)
15.Suspension arm ball joints (W orn)
16.Steering column (Binding)
17.Power steering vane pump
18.Power steering gearSA−3
SR−4 SA−4 −
−
−
SR−21
SR−33
Poor return
1. Tires (Improperly inflated)
2. Front wheel alignment (Incorrect)
3. Steering column (Binding)
4. Power steering gearSA−3
SA−4 −
SR−33
Excessive play
1. Steering system joints (Worn)
2. Suspension arm ball joints (W orn)
3. Intermediate shaft, Universal joint, Sliding yoke (Worn)
4. Front wheel bearing (W orn)
5. Power steering gear−
−
−
SR−7
SR−33
Abnormal noise
1. Power steering fluid level (Low)
2. Steering system joints (Worn)
3. Power steering vane pump
4. Power steering gearSR−4 −
SR−21
SR−33
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SR16Q−01
SR2922
Alignment Marks
−
STEERING POWER STEERING GEAR
SR−43
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
INSTALLATION
1. INSTALL PS GEAR ASSEMBLY
Torque the 4 installation bolts and nuts.
Torque: 142 N·m (1,450 kgf·cm, 105 ft·lbf)
2. CONNECT SLIDING YOKE SUB−ASSEMBLY (See page SR−19 )
3. CONNECT PRESSURE FEED AND RETURN TUBES
Using SST, connect the pressure feed and return tubes. SST 09631−22020
Torque: 36 N·m (365 kgf·cm, 26 ft·lbf)
HINT:
Use a torque wrench with a fulcrum length of 300 mm
(11.81 in.).
This torque value is effective in case that SST is parallel
to a torque wrench.
4. CONNECT PITMAN ARM WITH RELAY ROD
(a) Align the alignment marks on the cross shaft and pitman arm and connect the pitman arm.
(b) Install the spring washer and pitman arm set nut. Torque: 177 N·m (1,800 kgf·cm, 130 ft·lbf)
5. POSITION FRONT WHEELS FACING STRAIGHT AHEAD
HINT:
Do it with the front of the vehicle jacked up.
6. CENTER SPIRAL CABLE (See page SR−19 )
7. INSTALL STEERING WHEEL
(a) Align the matchmarks on the wheel and steering column main shaft.
(b) Temporarily tighten the wheel set nut.
(c) Connect the connector.
8. BLEED POWER STEERING SYSTEM
(See page SR−3 )
9. CHECK STEERING WHEEL CENTER POINT
10. TORQUE STEERING WHEEL SET NUT
Torque: 34 N·m (350 kgf·cm, 25 ft·lbf)
11. INSTALL STEERING WHEEL PAD (See page SR−19)
12. CHECK FRONT WHEEL ALIGNMENT (See page SR−4 )
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SR2922
Alignment Marks
SR−48
−
STEERING STEERING LINKAGE
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
6. INSTALL PITMAN ARM
(a) Align the alignment marks on the pitman arm and the
cross shaft, and install the spring washer and set nut.
Torque: 177 N·m (1,800 kgf·cm, 130 ft·lbf)
(b) Connect the pitman arm to the relay rod assembly.
(c) Torque the nut. Torque: 91 N·m (925 kgf·cm, 67 ft·lbf)
(d) Install a new cotter pin.
7. INSTALL ENGINE UNDER COVER
Tighten the 4 bolts.
8. CHECK FRONT WHEEL ALIGNMENT (See page SA−4 )
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SS1EG−02
−
SERVICE SPECIFICATIONS STEERING
SS−37
160
Author: Date:
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
STEERING
SERVICE DATA
ON−VEHICLE INSPECTION
Steering wheel freeplay Maximum40 mm (1.57 in.)
Fluid level riseMaximumBelow 5 mm (020 in.)
Fluid pressure at idle speed with valve closed Minimum9,316 kPa (95 kgf/cm2, 1,351 psi)
Steering effort at idle speedMaximum8.3 N·m (85 kgf·cm, 73 in.·lbf)
TILT STEERING COLUMN
Pawl stopper alignment mark 1 or A
2 or B
3 or C
4 or D 5 or E12.65 − 12.75 mm (0.4980 − 0.5020 in.)
12.55 − 12.65 mm (0.4941 − 0.4980 in.)
12.45 − 12.55 mm (0.4902 − 0.4941 in.)
12.35 − 12.45 mm (0.4962 − 0.4902 in.)
12.25 − 12.35 mm (0.4823 − 0.4862 in.)
PS VANE PUMP
Oil clearance between pump shaft and bushing STD
Maximum0.03 − 0.05 mm (0.0012 − 0.0020 in.)
0.07 mm (0.0028 in.)
Vane plate height Minimum8.6 mm (0.339 in.)
Vane plate thickness Minimum1.397 mm (0.05500 in.)
Vane plate length Minimum14.991 mm (0.59016 in.)
Vane plate and pump rotor groove clearanceMaximum0.033 mm (0.00130 in.)
Vane plate lengthPump rotor mark
None1
2
Cam ring mark
2
3
4
14.995 − 14.997 mm (0.59035 − 0.59043 in.)
14.993 − 14.995 mm (0.59027 − 0.59035 in.)
14.991 − 14.993 mm (0.59020 − 0.59027 in.)
14.995 − 14.997 mm (0.59035 − 0.59043 in.)
14.993 − 14.995 mm (0.59027 − 0.59035 in.)
14.991 − 14.993 mm (0.59020 − 0.59027 in.)
Spring free length STD35 − 37 mm (1.38 − 1.46 in.)
Vane pump rotaing torque Maximum0.3 N·m (2.8 kgf·cm, 2.4 in.·lbf)
PS GEAR
Worm gear valve body ball clearanceMaximum0.15 mm (0.059 in.)
Cross shaft adjusting screw thrust clearance STD0.03 − 0.05 mm (0.0012 − 0.0020 in.)
Worm gear preload0.3 − 0.5 N·m (3 − 5.5 kgf·cm, 2.6 − 4.8 in.·lbf)
Total preload0.74 − 1.08 N·m (7.5 − 11.0 kgf·cm, 6.5 − 9.6 in.·lbf)
STEERING LINKAGE
Tie rod length Approximately1.207 mm (47.51 in.)
Relay rod lengthApproximately1.085 mm (42.72 in.)
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