change time TOYOTA LAND CRUISER 1998 Factory Workshop Manual
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Page 2241 of 3115
2004 LAND CRUISER (EWD548U)
234VSC
1. ABS Operation
If the brake pedal is depressed suddenly, the ABS controls the hydraulic pressure of the wheel cylinders for all the four
wheels to automatically avoid wheel locking and ensure the directional and steering stability of the vehicle. If the brake pedal
is depressed suddenly, the ABS & BA & TRAC & VSC ECU controls the solenoids in the actuators using the signals from the
sensors to move the brake fluid to the reservoir in order to release the braking pressure applied to the wheel cylinder. If the
ABS & BA & TRAC & VSC ECU detects that the fluid pressure in the wheel cylinder is insufficient, the ECU controls the
solenoids in the actuators to increase the braking pressure.
2. Traction Control Operation
The traction control system controls the engine torque, the hydraulic pressure of the driving wheel cylinders, slipping of the
wheels which may occur at start or acceleration of the vehicle, to ensure an optimal driving power and vehicle stability
corresponding to the road conditions.
3. VSC Operation
Unexpected road conditions, vehicle speed, emergency situation, and any other external factors may cause large under- or
over-steering of the vehicle. If this occurs, the VSC system automatically controls the engine power and wheel brakes to
reduce the under- or over-steering.
To reduce large over-steering :
If the VSC system determines that the over-steering is large, it activates the brakes for the outer turning wheels depending
on the degree of the over-steering to produce the moment toward the outside of the vehicle and reduce the over-steering.
To reduce large under-steering :
If the VSC system determines that the under-steering is large, it controls the engine power and activates the rear wheel
brakes to reduce the under-steering.
VSC indicator light
If an error occurs in the VSC system, the VSC indicator lights up to warn the driver.
4. Traction Mode and VSC Function
When the center differential of the transfer is locked, the VSC function is turned off. At this time, the VSC OFF indicator light
in the combination meter will come on, and informs the driver that the VSC function is OFF.
5. Mutual System Control
To efficiently operate the VSC system at its optimal level, the VSC system and other control systems are mutually controlled
while the VSC system is being operated.
Engine throttle control
The engine power does not interfere with the VSC brake control by controlling the opening of the throttle and reducing the
engine output.
Engine control and electronically controlled transmission control
The strong braking force does not interfere with the braking force control of the VSC system by turning off the accel. and
reducing changes in the driving torque at shift-down.
VSC system operation indication
The slip indicator light flashes and the buzzer sounds intermittently to warn the driver that the current road is slippery, while
the VSC system is being operated.
6. Fail Safe Function
If an error occurs in the ABS & BA & TRAC & VSC ECU, sensor signals, and/or actuators, the ABS & BA & TRAC & VSC
ECU inhibits the brake actuator control and inputs the error signal to the engine control module. According to the error signal,
the brake actuator turns off the solenoid and the engine control module rejects any electronically controlled throttle open
request from the VSC system. As a result, the vehicle functions without the ABS, BA, TRAC, and VSC systems.
System Outline
Page 2264 of 3115
2004 LAND CRUISER (EWD548U)
257
In this system, the HALL IC in the moon roof control ECU detects the changes in motor rotation, and allows opening/closing,
tilting up/down of the moon roof by one touch operation.
In addition, catching prevention function during moon roof operation is also provided.
Voltage is constantly applied from the SUN ROOF fuse to the moon roof control ECU TERMINAL 5 of the moon roof control
ECU.
When the ignition SW is turned on, the current flows from the ECU-IG1 fuse to TERMINAL 8 of the moon roof control ECU.
1. Slide Open Operation
When the moon roof control SW is kept pressed to OPEN position for approx. 0.3 seconds or longer (Limit SW No.1 off, limit
SW No.2 on), a signal is input from the moon roof control SW TERMINAL 5 to the moon roof control ECU TERMINAL 9. This
activates the moon roof control ECU and rotates the motor to open the moon roof automatically. However, in case of
pressing the moon roof control SW for 0.3 seconds or less, the moon roof can be operated manually. Then, when the limit
SW No.1 is turned on and then turned off again, the pulse signal sent from the HALL IC activates the moon roof control ECU,
and determines that the moon roof is fully open, and stops the motor. If other operation SW or the open SW is operated while
the moon roof is being opened, the moon roof control ECU is activated to stop the moon roof operation. In addition, when the
moon roof is tilted up, the slide open operation does not function.
2. Slide Close Operation
When the moon roof control SW is kept pressed to CLOSE position for approx. 0.3 seconds or longer (Limit SW No.1 off,
limit SW No.2 off), a signal is input from the moon roof control SW TERMINAL 4 to the moon roof control ECU TERMINAL
10. This activates the moon roof control ECU and rotates the motor to close the moon roof automatically. However, in case of
pressing the moon roof control SW for 0.3 seconds or less, the moon roof can be operated manually. Then, when the limit
SW No.2 is turned on, the pulse signal sent from the HALL IC activates the moon roof control ECU, and determines that the
moon roof is closed fully, and stops the motor. If other operation SW or the close SW is operated while the moon roof is
being closed, the moon roof control ECU is activated to stop the moon roof operation.
3. Tilt Up Operation
When the moon roof control SW is kept pressed to UP position for approx. 0.3 seconds or longer (Limit SW No.1 off, limit SW
No.2 on), a signal is input from the moon roof control SW TERMINAL 1 to the moon roof control ECU TERMINAL 4. This
activates the moon roof control ECU and rotates the motor to tilt up the moon roof automatically. If the pulse signal is not
input from the HALL IC for 0.5 seconds or longer, it determines that the moon roof is fully tilted up, and stops the motor. If
other operation SW or the tilt up SW is operated while the moon roof is being tilted up, the moon roof control ECU is
activated to stop the moon roof operation. In addition, when the moon roof is opened, the tilt up operation does not function.
4. Tilt Down Operation
When the moon roof control SW is kept pressed to DOWN position for approx. 0.3 seconds or longer (Limit SW No.1 on, limit
SW No.2 on), a signal is input from the moon roof control SW TERMINAL 2 to the moon roof control ECU TERMINAL 3. This
activates the moon roof control ECU and rotates the motor to tilt down the moon roof automatically.
Then, when the limit SW No.1 is turned off, the pulse signal sent from the HALL IC activated the moon roof control ECU, and
determines that the moon roof is closed fully, and stops the motor.
If other operation SW or the tilt down SW is operated while the moon roof is being tilted down, the moon roof control ECU is
activated to stop the moon roof operation.
5. Catching Prevention Function
During slide close or tilt down operation, if the moon roof control ECU detects a catching load from the changes in the
rotation of the motor, the operation is stopped, and the motor is rotated in the reverse direction.
*Slide close operation
The moon roof is moved approx. 200 mm in the reverse direction (Slide open) after a catching load has been detected.
However, if the full open position is detected before moving approx. 200 mm, the reverse movement is stopped.
*Tilt down operation
If a catching load is detected, the moon roof is moved in the reverse direction until fully tilted up.
6. Key Off Moon Roof Operation
Within approx. 43 seconds after the ignition SW is turned from on to off, the moon roof can be operated. However, if the
driver or front passenger door is opened during this period of time, the moon roof operation is stopped even though 43
seconds have not elapsed.
7. Fail-Safe Function
If the moon roof is operated continuously in the same direction, the current flowing to the motor is cut off when the time
shown below has elapsed after the motor operation has been started.
*Slide open/close operation by the moon roof SW approx. 20 seconds
*Tilt up/down operation by the moon roof SW approx. 2 second
*Slide open operation for reverse movement in case of catching prevention function approx. 20 seconds
*Tilt up operation for reverse movement in case of catching prevention function approx. 2 seconds
System Outline
Page 2413 of 3115
B04201
B04202
- INTRODUCTIONFOR ALL OF VEHICLES
IN-21
21 Author: Date:
2004 LAND CRUISER (RM1071U)
(b) Using Braking Tester:
Measure by low-speed type (Vehicle Speed: Below 0.5
km/h or 0.3 mph) brake tester and observe the following
instructions before performing the test.
(1) Position the wheels to be tested (front or rear) on
the tester.
(2) Put the center differential in FREE position.
(3) If the vehicle is equipped with Vehicle Skid Control
(VSC) system, prohibit the system from the activa-
tion (See step 2.).
(4) Shift the transmission shift lever to ºNº position.
HINT:
Do not forget to change the Vehicle Skid Control (VSC) & Trac-
tion Control (TRAC) system to operational condition after the
test. Check that the VSC warning indicator light goes off when
restarting the engine.
(c) Using Speedometer Tester:
Observe the following instructions and then measure with
the rear wheels.
(1) Position the rear wheels on the tester roller.
(2) Position the front wheels on the free roller or jack
them up.
(3) Put the center differential in FREE position.
(4) If the vehicle is equipped with Vehicle Skid Control
(VSC) & Traction Control (TRAC) system, prohibit
the system from the activation (See step 2.).
(5) Ensure that the vehicle does not move using wires.
CAUTION:
The maximum speed should be less than 60 km/h (37 mph)
and maximum driving time should be 1 minute.
HINT:
Sudden shifting, braking, acceleration or deceleration is
not allowed.
Do not forget to change the Vehicle Skid Control (VSC) &
Traction Control (TRAC) system to operational condition
after the test. Check that the VSC warning indicator light
goes off when restarting the engine.
Page 2414 of 3115
B04203
B04204
IN-22
- INTRODUCTIONFOR ALL OF VEHICLES
22 Author: Date:
2004 LAND CRUISER (RM1071U)
(d) Using Chassis Dynamometer:
Observe the following instructions and then measure with
the rear wheels.
(1) Remove the front propeller shaft.
(2) Put the center differential in LOCK position.
(3) If the vehicle is equipped with Vehicle Skid Control
(VSC) & Traction Control (TRAC) system, prohibit
the system from the activation (See step 2.).
(4) Ensure that the vehicle is securely fixed.
HINT:
Sudden shifting, braking, acceleration or deceleration is
not allowed.
Do not forget to change the Vehicle Skid Control (VSC) &
Traction Control (TRAC) system to operational condition
after the test. Check that the VSC warning indicator light
goes off when restarting the engine.
(e) On-V ehicle Wheel Balancing:
When doing on-vehicle wheel balancing on a full-time
4WD vehicle, to prevent each wheel from being rotated at
different speed in different directions (which could dam-
age the center differential), always be sure to observe the
following precautions.
(1) All of 4 wheels should be jacked up, being apart
from the ground completely.
(2) Put the center differential in LOCK position.
(3) If the vehicle is equipped with Vehicle Skid Control
(VSC) & Traction Control (TRAC) system, prohibit
the system from the activation (See step 2.).
(4) The parking brake lever should be fully released.
(5) None of the brakes should be applied.
(6) The wheels should be driven on the wheel balancer
with the engine running.
(7) Carry out the wheel balancing with the transmission
position in D position.
HINT:
When doing this balancing, pay attention to the other
wheels rotating at the same time.
Sudden acceleration, deceleration or braking is not al-
lowed.
Do not forget to change the Vehicle Skid Control (VSC) &
Traction Control (TRAC) system to operational condition
after the test. Check that the VSC warning indicator light
goes off when restarting the engine.
Page 2476 of 3115
MA02Q-01
MA-2
- MAINTENANCEINSIDE VEHICLE
50 Author: Date:
2004 LAND CRUISER (RM1071U)
INSIDE VEHICLE
GENERAL MAINTENANCE
These are the maintenance and inspection items which are considered to be owner's responsibility. They
can be done by the owner or be can have them done at a service shop. These items include those which
should be checked on a daily basis, those which, in most cases, do not require (special) tools and those
which are considered to be reasonable for the owner to do. Items and procedures for general maintenance
are as follows.
1. GENERAL NOTES
Maintenance items may very from country and country. Check the owner's manual supplement in
which the maintenance schedule is shown.
Every service items in the periodic maintenance schedule must be performed.
Periodic maintenance service must be performed according to whichever interval in the periodic main-
tenance schedule occurs first, the odometer reading (miles) or the time interval (months).
Maintenance service after the last period should be performed at the same time interval as before un-
less otherwise noted.
Failure to do even one item an cause the engine to run poorly and increase exhaust emissions.
2. LIGHTS
(a) Check that the headlights, stop lights, taillights, turn signal lights, and other lights are all working.
(b) Check the headlights aim.
3. WARNING LIGHTS AND BUZZERS
Check that all warning lights and buzzers function properly.
4. HORN
Check that it is working.
5. WINDSHIELD GLASS
Check for scratches, pits or abrasions.
6. WINDSHIELD WIPER AND WASHER
(a) Check operation of the wipers and washer.
(b) Check that the wipers do not streak.
7. WINDSHIELD DEFROSTER
Check that air comes out from the defroster outlet when operating the heater or air conditioner at defroster
mode.
8. REAR VIEW MIRROR
Check that it is mounted securely.
9. SUN VISORS
Check that they move freely and mounted securely.
10. STEELING WHEEL
Check that it has the specified freeplay. Be alert for changes in steering condition, such as hard steering,
excessive freeplay or strange noises.
11. SEATS
(a) Check that all front seat controls such as seat adjusters, seatback recliner, etc. operate smoothly.
(b) Check that all latches lock securely in any position.
(c) Check that the head restraints move up and down smoothly and that the locks hold securely in any
latch position.
(d) For folding-down rear seat backs, check that the latches look securely.
12. SEAT BELTS
(a) Check that the seat belt system such as buckles, retractors and anchors operate properly and smooth-
ly.
(b) Check that the belt webbing is not cut, frayed, worn or damaged.
Page 2890 of 3115
F05176
SA165-06
Z16659
M1 M2
- SUSPENSION AND AXLEDIFFERENTIAL LOCKING SYSTEM
SA-163
2113 Author: Date:
2004 LAND CRUISER (RM1071U)
DIFFERENTIAL LOCKING SYSTEM
ON-VEHICLE INSPECTION
1. INSPECT DIFFERENTIAL LOCK SYSTEM
(a) Inspect the indicator light.
Check that the indicator light lights up for approx. 1 se-
cond when the ignition switch is turned ON.
(b) Inspect the differential lock operation.
(1) Jack up the vehicle then start the engine.
(2) Shift the transfer shift lever to L position.
(3) When the diff. lock control switch is set to the RR
position, the indicator light is turned on.
Differential lock is applied to the rear wheel at this
time.
HINT:
If the gears of the differential lock system are not meshed, the
indicator light remains blinking, so rotate the tires to mesh the
gear.
(4) When the diff. lock control switch is at the OFF posi-
tion, the indicator light goes off.
Differential lock is released for the rear wheel at this
time.
(5) Check the voltage between the terminals of the rear
diff. lock control ECU when switching the diff. lock
control switch with the speedometer, registering
approx. 8 km/h (5 mph) or more.
Swith positionTerminalSpecified value
ONM1 - M20.5 V or less
(No change)
(6) Return the diff. lock control switch to OFF.
(7) Stop the engine and lower the vehicle.
2. INSPECT DIFF. LOCK SYSTEM CIRCUIT
(a) Inspect the battery positive voltage.
Battery positive voltage: 10 - 14 V
Page 2909 of 3115
FA1998Matchmarks
F05210
R11392
SST
SST SA-44
- SUSPENSION AND AXLEFRONT DIFFERENTIAL CARRIER
1994 Author: Date:
2004 LAND CRUISER (RM1071U)
19. REMOVE RING GEAR
(a) Place matchmarks on the ring gear and differential case.
(b) Using a screwdriver and hammer, unstake the 5 lock
plates.
(c) Remove the 10 bolts and 5 lock plates.
(d) Using a plastic hammer, tap on the ring gear to separate
it from the differential case.
20. CHECK DIFFERENTIAL CASE RUNOUT
(a) Place the bearing outer races on their respective bear-
ings. Check that the left and right outer races are not inter-
changed.
(b) Install the assembled plate washers onto the side bear-
ing.
(c) Install the differential case in the differential carrier.
HINT:
If it is difficult to install the differential case into the carrier, re-
place the plate washer with a thinner one.
However, select a plate washer that allows no clearance be-
tween it and the carrier.
(d) Align matchmarks on the bearing cap and differential car-
rier.
(e) Install and uniformly tighten the 4 bolts a little at a time.
(f) Using a dial indicator, measure the differential case run-
out.
Maximum case runout: 0.07 mm (0.0028 in.)
If the runout is greater than the maximum, replace the differen-
tial case and side bearings as a set.
(g) Remove the differential case.
21. REMOVE SIDE BEARINGS
Using SST, remove the 2 side bearings from the differential
case.
SST 09950- 40011 (09951- 04020, 09952- 04010,
09953- 04030, 09954- 04010, 09955- 04061,
09957- 04010, 09958- 04011), 09950- 60010
(09951-00480)
HINT:
Fix the claws of SST to the notches in the differential case.
Page 2914 of 3115
F05229
F05212
FRONT REAR
SST
SST
- SUSPENSION AND AXLEFRONT DIFFERENTIAL CARRIER
SA-49
1999 Author: Date:
2004 LAND CRUISER (RM1071U)
4. CHECK RING GEAR RUNOUT
(a) Place the bearing outer races on their respective bear-
ings. Check that the left and right outer races are not inter-
changed.
(b) Install the assembled plate washers onto the side bear-
ing.
(c) Install the differential case in the differential carrier.
HINT:
If it is difficult to install the differential case into the carrier, re-
place the plate washer with a thinner one.
However, select a plate washer that allows no clearance be-
tween it and the carrier.
(d) Align matchmarks on the bearing cap and differential car-
rier.
(e) Install and uniformly tighten the 4 bolts a little at a time.
(f) Using a dial indicator, measure the ring gear runout.
Maximum runout: 0.07 mm (0.0028 in.)
(g) Remove the differential carrier.
5. INSTALL DRIVE PINION FRONT AND REAR BEARING
OUTER RACES
(a) Using SST and a press, install the front bearing outer
race.
SST 09950- 60020 (09951- 00780), 09950- 70010
(09951-07150)
(b) Using SST and a press, install the rear bearing outer race.
SST 09950- 60020 (09951- 00710), 09950- 70010
(09951-07150)
6. INSTALL DRIVE PINION FRONT BEARING
(a) Install the washer on the drive pinion.
HINT:
First fit a washer with the same thickness as the washer which
was removed, then after checking the tooth contact pattern, re-
place the washer with one of a different thickness if necessary.
Page 2915 of 3115
SA3102
SST
R13414
SST
SA2450
SST
SA2446
SA-50
- SUSPENSION AND AXLEFRONT DIFFERENTIAL CARRIER
2000 Author: Date:
2004 LAND CRUISER (RM1071U)
(b) Using SST and a press, install the front bearing onto the
drive pinion.
SST 09506-30012
7. TEMPORARILY ADJUST DRIVE PINION PRELOAD
(a) Install the drive pinion and rear bearing.
HINT:
Assemble the spacer and oil seal after adjusting the gear con-
tact pattern.
(b) Install the oil slinger.
(c) Using SST, install the companion flange.
SST 09950- 30012, (09951- 03010, 09953- 03010,
09954-03010, 09955-03030, 09956-03020)
(d) Using SST to hold the flange and adjust the drive pinion
preload by tightening the nut.
NOTICE:
Coat the nut and threads of the drive pinion with gear
oil.
As there is no spacer, tighten the nut a little at a time,
being careful not to overtighten.
(e) Using a torque wrench, measure the preload.
Preload (at starting):
New bearing
1.0 - 1.6 N´m (10 - 16 kgf´cm, 8.7 - 13.9 in.´lbf)
Reused bearing
0.5 - 0.8 N´m (5 - 8 kgf´cm, 4.3 - 6.9 in.´lbf)
HINT:
Measure the total preload after turning the bearing clockwise
and counterclockwise several times to make the bearing
smooth.
8. INSTALL DIFFERENTIAL CASE IN DIFFERENTIAL
CARRIER
(a) Place the bearing outer races on their respective bear-
ings. Check that the left and right outer races are not inter-
changed.
(b) Install the differential case in the differential carrier.
Page 2981 of 3115
F05204
Matchmarks
F05205
F05206
SST
F05190
Matchmarks
- SUSPENSION AND AXLEREAR DIFFERENTIAL CARRIER
SA-105
2055 Author: Date:
2004 LAND CRUISER (RM1071U)
15. REMOVE RING GEAR
(a) Place matchmarks on the ring gear and differential case.
(b) Remove the 12 ring gear set bolts.
(c) Using a plastic hammer, tap on the ring gear to remove it
from the differential case.
16. CHECK DIFFERENTIAL CASE RUNOUT
(a) Place the bearing outer races on their respective bear-
ings. Check that the right and left outer races are not inter-
changed.
(b) Install the differential case in the differential carrier.
(c) Tighten the adjusting nut just to where there is no play in
the bearing.
(d) Align the matchmarks on the bearing cap and differential
carrier.
(e) Install and uniformly tighten the 4 bearing cap bolts a little
at a time.
(f) Using a dial indicator, measure the differential case run-
out.
Maximum case runout: 0.04 mm (0.0016 in.)
(g) Remove the differential case.
17. REMOVE SIDE BEARINGS FROM DIFFERENTIAL
CASE
Using SST, remove the 2 side bearings from the differential
case.
SST 09950-00020, 09950-00030,
09950-4001 1 (09957-04010),
09950-60010 (09951-00480)
18. DISASSEMBLE DIFFERENTIAL CASE
(a) Place matchmarks on the RH and LH differential cases.
(b) Remove the 8 bolts uniformly, a little at a time.
(c) Using a plastic hammer, separate the RH and LH differen-
tial cases.
(d) Remove the 2 side gear thrust washers, 2 side gears, spi-
der, 4 pinion gears and pinion gear thrust washers.