differential TOYOTA LAND CRUISER 1999 Owners Manual

New L/C100(U)97
(g) SRS Warning Light
This light will come on when the igni-
tion key is turned to the ºACCº or
ºONº position. After about 6 seconds,
the light will go off. This means the
system of the airbag and front seat belt
pretensioners are operating properly.
The warning light system monitors the air-
bag sensor assembly, front airbag sen-
sors, seat belt pretensioner assemblies,
inflators, warning light, interconnecting wir-
ing and power sources.
If either of the following conditions occurs,
this indicates a malfunction somewhere in
the parts monitored by the warning light
system. Contact your Toyota dealer as
soon as possible to service the vehicle.
The light does not come on when the
ignition key is turned to the ºACCº or
ºONº position or remains on.
The light comes on or flashes while
driving. (h) ºABSº Warning Light
This light warns that there is a problem
somewhere in your anti- lock brake sys-
tem.
If it comes on while you are driving, have
your vehicle checked by your Toyota deal-
er as soon as possible. However, it is
normal if the light goes out.
The light will come on when the ignition
key is turned to the ºONº position. After
a few seconds, the light will go off. There
may be the case that the ºABSº warning
light stays on for about 60 seconds after
the engine is started. It is normal if it
goes out after a while.
Depressing the brake pedal repeatedly
may turn on the light. It is normal if it
goes off after a few seconds.
When the ºABSº warning light is on (and
the brake system warning light is off), the
brake system operates conventionally but
anti- lock brake system is not assisting
brake performance so that the wheels can
lock- up during sudden braking or braking
on slippery road surfaces.
However, the anti- lock brake system does
not operate when the rear differential is
locked. It is normal operation for the
ºABSº warning light to be on at this time.
CAUTION
While the ºABSº warning light is on,
if either of the following conditions
occurs, immediately stop your vehicle
at a safe place and contact your
Toyota dealer.
The brake system warning light
stays on even with the parking
brake being released.
The brake system warning light and
buzzer come on.
In either case, the brakes may not
work properly. If they do not work
well, depress the brake pedal firmly.
(i) Open Door Warning Light
This light remains on until all the side
doors and back door are completely
closed.
(j) Unengaged ºParkº Warning Light
This light warns that the transmission
ºParkº mechanism is not engaged. If the
four- wheel drive control is in the ºNº posi-
tion while the selector lever is in the ºPº
position, the transmission will disengage
and the wheels will not lock.

New L/C100(U)99
Part 1
OPERATION OF
INSTRUMENTS AND
CONTROLSÐ
Chapter 1±6
Ignition switch,
Transmission and
Parking brake
Ignition switch with steering lock
Automatic transmission
Four±wheel drive system
Rear differential lock system
P ar k ing br ak e
Cruise control
ºSTARTºÐStarter motor on. The key
will return to the ºONº position when
released.
For starting tips, see Part 3.
ºONºÐEngine on and all accessories on.
This is the normal driving position.
ºACCºÐAccessories such as the radio
operate, but the engine is off.
If you leave the key in the ºACCº or
ºLOCKº position and open the driver's
door, a buzzer will remind you to remove
the key.
ºLOCKºÐEngine is off and the steering
wheel is locked. The key can be re-
moved only at this position.
To turn the key from ºACCº to the ºLOCKº
position, you must put the selector lever
in the ºPº position.
Once you remove the key, the engine im-
mobiliser system is automatically set. (See
ºEngine immobiliser systemº in C
hapter
1 ±
2.)
When starting the engine, the key may
seem stuck at the ºLOCKº position. To
free it, first be sure the key is pushed all
the way in, and then rock the steering
wheel slightly while turning the key gently.
NOTICE
Do not leave the key in the ºONº position if the engine is not running.The battery will discharge and the ignition could be damaged.
Ignition switch with steering
lock

New L/C100(U)
104
(j) Driving in º2nd STRTº (second
start) mode
In the º2nd STRTº (Second start) mode,
the transmission system shifts up from
second gear. Use this mode when starting
your vehicle in sand, mud, ice or snow.
To set the º2nd STRTº mode, push the
º2ndº button. In the º2nd STRTº mode, the
º2nd STRTº indicator light comes on.
The ºPWRº mode is automatically can-
celled when you push the º2ndº button.
Use the four- wheel drive control lever
and center differential lock button to
select the transfer and center differen-
tial modes.
The ºHº position of the four- wheel drive
control lever provides either lock or unlock
mode of the center differential depending
on the center differential lock button posi-
tion.
ºHº (high speed position, center differ-
ential unlocked): Lever at ºHº, center dif-
ferential lock button left out
Use this for normal driving on all types of
roads, from dry hard- surfaced roads to
wet, icy or snow- covered roads. This
position gives greater economy, quietest
ride, least wear and better vehicle control. ºHº (high speed position, center differ-
ential locked):
Lever at ºHº, center differ-
ential lock button pushed in
Use this for greater traction when you
experience a loss of power, such as
wheel slipping, in the center differential
unlock mode.
ºNº (neutral position): Lever at ºNº
No power is delivered to the wheels. Use
this position only for operating a winch or
other equipment. The vehicle must be
stopped.
ºLº (low speed position, center differen-
tial locked): Lever at ºLº
Use this for maximum power and traction.
Use ºLº for hard pulling in situations the
vehicle cannot negotiate even in the ºHº
(lock) mode.
The indicator light tells when the differen-
tial lock is engaged. Note that the differ-
ential is not still locked as long as the
indicator light remains off.
If the indicator light does not go off when
you push out the center differential lock
button, drive straight ahead while acceler-
ating or decelerating, or drive in reverse.
See º(b) Shifting procedureº for further in-
structions.
Four-wheel drive systemÐ
(a) Four-wheel drive control

New L/C100(U)105
(b) Shifting procedure
SHIFTING BETWEEN ºHº (UNLOCKED)
AND ºHº (LOCKED)
To shift between unlock and lock modes
in ºHº,
push the center differential lock but-
ton.
SHIFTING BETWEEN ºHº AND ºLº
Stop the vehicle, put the transmission into
ºNº and move the four- wheel drive control
lever.
CAUTION
Never move the four ±wheel drive con-
trol lever if wheels are slipping. Wait
until the wheels have stopped slip-
ping or spinning before shifting.
The rear differential lock system is pro-
vided for use only when wheel spinning
occurs in a ditch or on a slippery or
ragged surface.
This differential lock system is effective in
case one of the rear wheels is spinning.
First shift the four- wheel drive control into
ºLº with the center differential locked to
see if you can move forward. If this does
not work, use the rear differential lock
system also.
CAUTION
Do not use the rear differential lock
in the conditions other than above.
Large steering effort and careful cor-
nering control will be required.
Rear differential lock system

New L/C100(U)
106
To lock the rear differential, push and
turn the switch clockwise until it clicks.
Be sure to stop the wheels before locking
the differentials.
For easy locking, turn the lock switch and
gently depress the accelerator pedal.
The indicator light will blink when the
switch is turned on. Wait a few seconds
for the system to complete operation. Af-
ter the differential is locked, the light will
stop blinking and remain on.
The anti±lock brake system does not oper-
ate when the rear differential is locked. It
is normal operation for the ºABSº warning
light to be on at this time.
CAUTION
Do not lock the differentials until
the wheels have stopped spinning.
Otherwise, the vehicle may move in
an unexpected direction when the
differential locks are engaged, re-
sulting in an accident. This may
also lead to possible damage to dif-
ferential lock component parts.
Do not drive over 8 km/h (5 mph)
when the differentials are locked.
To unlock the differentials, turn the
switch fully counterclockwise.
Unlock the differentials as soon as the
vehicle moves out.
For easy unlocking, slightly turn the steer-
ing wheel in either direction while the ve-
hicle is in motion.
When each of the differential locks is dis-
engaged, the indicator light will go out. The differential will also unlock if you shift
the four±wheel drive control lever to ºHº.
Never forget to turn of the switch after
using this feature.
To check the indicator bulb, turn the igni-
tion key to the ºONº position, but do not
start the engine.
CAUTION
Do not keep driving with the differen-
tial lock switch on.

New L/C100(U)151
Part 2
INFORMATION
BEFORE DRIVING
YOUR TOYOTA
Off- road vehicle precautions
Break- in period
Fuel
Operation in foreign countries
Three- way catalytic converter
Engine exhaust cautions
Facts about engine oil
consumption
Iridium- tipped spark plugs
Brake system
Brake pad wear limit indicators
Luggage stowage precautions
Rear step bumper
Limited- slip differential
Your Toyota's identification
Theft prevention labels
Suspension and chassis
Types of tires
Off- road vehicle precautions
This vehicle is one of the class of ve-
hicles which have higher ground clear-
ance and narrower tread in relation to
the height of their center of gravity to
make them capable of performing in a
wide variety of off- road applications.
Specific design characteristics give it a
higher center of gravity than ordinary
cars. An advantage of the higher
ground clearance is a better view of the
road allowing you to anticipate prob-
lems. It is not designed for cornering
at the same speeds as conventional
two- wheel drive vehicles any more than
low- slung sports cars are designed to
perform satisfactorily under off- road
conditions.

New L/C100(U)
160
Avoid high speeds on wet roads. The
anti- lock brake system cannot elimi-
nate the risk of hydroplaning and loss
of tire friction.
Always maintain a safe distance from the
vehicle in front of you. Compared with
vehicles not fitted with an anti- lock brake
system, your vehicle may r equire a longer
stopping distance in the following cases:
Driving on rough, gravel or snow- cov-
ered roads.
Driving with tire chains installed.
Driving on roads where the road sur-
face is pitted or has other differences
in surface height.
CAUTION
Do not use tires other than the
manufacturer 's designated tires, and
do not mix tires or wheels of differ-
ent sizes. You may prevent the anti-
lock brake system from operating at
full effectiveness.
Vehicles with rear differential lock sys-
tem 'The anti- lock brake system does not
operate when the rear differential is
locked. It is normal operation for the
ºABSº warning light to be on at this time.
ºABSº WARNING LIGHT
This light comes on when the ignition key
is turned to the ºONº position. After a few
seconds, the light will go off. There may
be the case that the ºABSº warning light
stays on for about 60 seconds after the
engine is started. It is normal if the light
goes out after a while.
Depressing the brake pedal repeatedly
may turn on the light. It is normal if it
goes off after a few seconds.
When the light is on with the rear differen-
tial locked, it indicates the anti- lock brake
system will not operate. If any of the following conditions occurs,
this indicates a malfunction somewhere in
the parts monitored by the warning light
system. Contact your Toyota dealer as
soon s possible to service the vehicle.
The light does not come on as de-
scribed above, or remains on.
The light comes on while driving with
the rear differential unlocked.
The light does not come on with the
rear differential locked.
The system comes into operation with
the rear differential locked.
Even if the anti-lock brake system should
fail, the brake system will still operate
conventionally. However, when the ºABSº
warning light is on (and the brake system
warning light is off), the anti- lock brake
system is not assisting brake performance
so that the wheels can lock- up during
sudden braking or braking on slippery
road surface. Have your vehicle checked
by your Toyota dealer as soon as pos-
sible.

New L/C100(U)163
Limited- slip differential
Some Toyotas are equipped with a lim-
ited- slip differential. If one rear wheel be-
gins to spin, the limited- slip differential is
designed to aid traction by automatically
transmitting driving force to the other rear
wheel. If you are not sure whether your
vehicle is equipped with one, you can ask
your Toyota dealer.
CAUTION
Do not start or run the engine while
your vehicle is supported by a jack.
The vehicle could be driven off the
jack and could pose a danger or re-
sult in serious injury.
NOTICE
Use only a spare tire of the same
size, construction and load capacityas the original tires on your Toyotabecause damage to the limited- slip
differential could possibly occur withanother tire type.
The vehicle identification number (VIN)
is the legal identifier for your vehicle.
This number is on the left top of the
instrument panel, and can be seen
through the windshield from outside.
This is the primary identification number
for your Toyota. It is used in registering
the ownership of your vehicle.The vehicle identification number (VIN) is
also on the Certification Label.
Your Toyota's identificationÐ
ÐVehicle identification
number

New L/C100(U)
170
CAUTION
Always observe the following precau-
tions to minimize the risk of serious
personal injury or damage to your ve-
hicle: Drive carefully when off the road.
Do not take unnecessary risks by
driving in dangerous places.
Do not grip the steering wheel
spokes when driving off- road. A
bad bump could jerk the wheel and
injure your hands. Keep both hands
and especially your thumbs on the
outside of the rim.
Always check your brakes for effec-
tiveness immediately after driving in
sand, mud, water or snow.
After driving through tall grass,
mud, rock, sand, rivers, etc., check
that there is no grass, bush, paper,
rags, stone, sand, etc. adhering or
trapped on the underbody. Clear off
any such matter from the under-
body. If the vehicle is used with
these materials trapped or adhering
to the underbody, a breakdown or
fire could occur.
The driver and all passengers
should fasten their seat belts when-
ever the vehicle is moving.
NOTICE
If driving through water, such as
when crossing shallow streams,first check the depth of the water
and the bottom of the river bed for
firmness. Drive slowly and avoiddeep water.
Take all necessary safety measures
to ensure that water damage to theengine or other components doesnot occur.
Water entering the engine air intakewill cause severe engine damage.
Water can wash the grease fromwheel bearings, causing rusting and
premature failure, and may also en-ter the differentials, transmissionand transfer case, reducing the gear
oil's lubricating qualities.
Sand and mud that has accumulatedin brake drums and around brakediscs may affect braking efficiencyand may damage brake system com-
ponents.
Always perform a maintenanceinspection after each day of
off- road driving that has taken youthrough rough terrain, sand, mud, or water. For scheduled mainte-
nance information, refer to theseparate ºScheduled Maintenance Guideº or ºOwner 's Manual Supple-
mentº.

New L/C100(U)243
AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION
Fluid capacity (drain and ref
ill), L (qt.,
Imp. qt.)
Up to 3.5 (3.7, 3.1)
Fluid type: Automatic transmission fluid D±II or DEXRON
III (DEXRON
II)
TRANSFER
Oil capacity, L (qt., Imp. qt.) 1.3 (1.4, 1.1)
Oil type: Gear oil API GL- 4 or GL- 5
Recommended oil viscosity: SAE 75W- 90
DIFFERENTIAL
Oil capacity, L (qt., Imp. qt.): Front 1.7 (1.8, 1.5) Rear
With rear differential lock system
3.2 (3.4, 2.8)
Without rear differential lock system 3.3 (3.5, 2.9) Oil type:
Standard differential Hypoid gear oil API GL- 5
Limited slip differential Hypoid gear oil for limited slip differ-
ential API GL- 5
Recommended oil viscosity: Above -18 C (0 F)
SAE 90
Below -18 C (0 F)
SAE 80W or 80W- 90
CHASSIS LUBRICATION
Wheel bearings: Lithium base wheel bearing grease,
NLGI No.2
Front drive shaft thrust bushings: Synthetic oil and lithium soap base
chassis grease, NLGI No.1
Propeller shafts: Lithium base wheel bearing grease,
NLGI No.2 BRAKES
Minimum pedal clearance when depressed
with the pressure of 490 N (50 kgf, 110
lbf) with the engine running, mm (in.):
116 (4.6)
Pedal freeplay, mm (in.): 1Ð6 (0.04Ð0.24)
Pad wear limit, mm (in.):
1.0 (0.04)
Lining wear limit, mm (in.): 1.0 (0.04)
Parking brake adjustment when pulled with
the force of 196 N (20 kgf, 44 lbf): 4Ð6 clicks
Fluid type: SAE J1703 or FMVSS No.116 DOT 3
STEERING
Wheel freeplay: Less than 40 mm (1.6 in.)
Power steering fluid type: Automatic transmission fluid DEXRON
II
or III