wheel alignment TOYOTA PRIUS 2001 Service Repair Manual

CHASSIS ± SUSPENSION AND AXLES
165CH48
Center of Bushing
BOUND
Center of Bushing
Camber Change Rate a/L
Camber Change Rate 100%a
L
Instantaneous
Center of
Right Axle
REBOUND
An alignment change that
is very close to that of the
semi-trailing suspension is
effected.
98
Toe and Camber Change
In the torsion beam type suspension, the camber angle and the toe change differ between the same direction
stroke case and the opposite direction stroke case, offering both straightline stability and excellent cornering
stability.
1) Same Direction Stroke Case
Similar to the full-trailing arm type suspension, the axis that joins the center of the right and left trailing
arm bushings is the center of the movement.
2) Opposite Direction Stroke Case
During opposite direction stroke case, or if a difference in suspension travel is created between the right
and left wheels, the torsion beam twists with its shearing center as the center of its rotation.
Also, camber changes in relation to the suspension travel are determined by the ratio of the distance be-
tween the No.1 trailing arm bushing and the axle center and the shearing center (`a' in the Fig. below)
and distance between the No.1 trailing arm bushing and the axle beam (`L' in the Fig. below).
Consequently, through the optimal allocation of the axle beam, the changes in the camber angle in rela-
tion to the suspension travel have been optimized, thus ensuring excellent cornering performance.
Shock Absorber

Low-pressure (N
2) gas sealed shock absorbers that offer stable dampening force characteristics without
causing cavitation have been adopted.

The dampening force characteristics of the shock absorbers have been optimized to achieve excellent
riding comfort, drivability, and stability.

SS13W±06
SS±26
± SERVICE SPECIFICATIONSSUSPENSION AND AXLE
148 Author: Date:
2001 PRIUS (RM778U)
SUSPENSION AND AXLE
SERVICE DATA
Cold tire inflation
pressureTire size: P175/65R14 84S Front
Rear240 kPa (2.4 kgf/cm2, 35 psi)
230 kPa (2.3 kgf/cm2, 33 psi)
Vehicle height
P175/65R14Front*1
Rear*2191 mm (7.52 in.)
239 mm (9.41 in.)
Camber
Right±left error±0°26' ± 45' (±0.43° ± 0.75°)
45' (0.75°) or less
Front wheel
Caster
Right±left error1°02' ± 45' (1.03° ± 0.75°)
45' (0.75°) or less
Front wheel
alignmentSteering axis inclination
Right±left error9°52' ± 45' (9.87° ± 0.75°)
45' (0.75°) or less
Toe±in (total)
Rack end length difference0°06' ± 12' (0.1° ± 0.2°, 1 ± 2 mm, 0.04± 0.08 in.)
1.5 mm (0.059 in.) or less
Wheel angle
Inside wheel
Outside wheel: Reference
42°42' ± 2° (42.70° ± 2°)
35°54' (35.90°)
Rear wheel
Camber
Right±left error±1°30' ± 45' (±0.93° ± 0.75°)
45' (0.75°) or less
Rear wheel
alignmentToe±in (total)0°06' ± 20' (0.1° ± 0.33°)
1 ± 3.0 mm (0.04 ± 0.12 in.)
FtlAxle bearing backlash Maximum0.05 mm (0.0020 in.)Front axleAxle hub deviationMaximum0.07 mm (0.0028 in.)
Front drive shaftDrive shaft standard length LH
RH579.9 ± 5.0 mm (22.831 ± 0.197 in.)
836.9 ± 5.0 mm (32.949 ± 0.197 in.)
Ft iLower suspension arm ball joint turning torque1.0 ± 4.9 N´m (10 ± 50 kgf´cm, 8.7 ± 43 in.´lbf)Front suspensionStabilizer bar link ball joint turning torque0.05 ± 1.0 N´m (0.5 ± 10 kgf´cm, 0.4 ± 8.7 in.´lbf)
RlAxle bearing backlash Maximum0.05 mm (0.0020 in.)Rear axleAxle hub deviationMaximum0.07 mm (0.0028 in.)
*1: Front measuring point
Measure the distance from the ground to the head center of the front side lower suspension arm mounting
bolt.
*2: Rear measuring point
Measure the distance from the ground to the center of the rear axle beam mounting bolt.

F11573
Front:
Rear:SA1CK±11
Z03382
Alignment
TesterGauge
F07339
SA±4
± SUSPENSION AND AXLEFRONT WHEEL ALIGNMENT
1454 Author: Date:
2001 PRIUS (RM778U)
FRONT WHEEL ALIGNMENT
INSPECTION
1. MEASURE VEHICLE HEIGHT
Vehicle height:
Tire sizeFront*1 mm (in.)Rear*2 mm (in.)
175/65R14191 (7.52)239 (9.41)
*1: Front measuring point
Measure the distance from the ground to the head center of the
front side lower suspension arm mounting bolt.
*
2: Rear measuring point
Measure the distance from the ground to the center of the rear
axle beam mounting bolt.
NOTICE:
Before inspecting the wheel alignment, adjust the vehicle
height to the specified value.
If the vehicle height is not the specified value, try to adjust it by
pushing down on or lifting the body.
2. INSTALL CAMBER±CASTER±KINGPIN GAUGE OR
POSITION VEHICLE ON WHEEL ALIGNMENT TES-
TER
Follow the specific instructions of the equipment manufacturer.
3. INSPECT CAMBER, CASTER AND STEERING AXIS
INCLINATION
Camber, caster and steering axis inclination:
Camber
Right±left error±0°26' ± 45' (±0.43° ± 0.75°)
45' (0.75°) or less
Caster
Right±left error1°02' ± 45' (1.03° ± 0.75°)
45' (0.75°) or less
Steering axis inclination
Right±left error9°52' ± 45' (9.87° ± 0.75°)
45' (0.75°) or less
If the caster and steering axis inclination are not within the spe-
cified values, after the camber has been correctly adjusted, re-
check the suspension parts for damaged and/or worn out parts.
4. ADJUST CAMBER
NOTICE:
After the camber has been adjusted, inspect the toe±in.
(a) Remove the front wheel.
(b) Remove the 2 nuts on the lower side of the shock absorb-
er.
If reusing the bolts and/or nuts, coat the threads of nuts with en-
gine oil.
(c) Clean the installation surfaces of the shock absorber and
the steering knuckle.
(d) Temporarily install the 2 nuts.

F07326


1
2
: Use with adjusting bolt
F12938
Bolt
Adjusting
ValueSet BoltAdjusting Bolt90105±15001 90105±15004 90105±15005 90105±15006
121212121 Dot
2 Dots3 Dots
±1°30' ± ±1°15'
±1°15' ± ±1°00'
±1°00' ± ±45'
±45' ± ±30'
±30' ± ±15'
0' ± 15'
15' ± 30'
30' ± 45'
45' ± 1°00'
1°00' ± 1°15' ±15' ± 0'
1°15' ± 1°30'
± SUSPENSION AND AXLEFRONT WHEEL ALIGNMENT
SA±5
1455 Author: Date:
2001 PRIUS (RM778U)
(e) Adjust the camber by pushing or pulling the lower side of
the shock absorber in the direction in which the camber
adjustment is required.
(f) Tighten the nuts.
Torque: 153 N´m (1,560 kgf´cm, 113 ft´lbf)
(g) Install the front wheel.
Torque: 103 N´m (1,050 kgf´cm, 76 ft´lbf)
(h) Check the camber.
HINT:

Try to adjust the camber to the center of the specified val-
ue.

Adjusting value for the set bolts is 6' ± 30' (0.1° ± 0.5°).
If the camber is not within the specified value, using the follow-
ing table, estimate how much additional camber adjustment will
be required, and select the camber adjusting bolt.
NOTICE:
Tighten the adjusting bolt with a washer and a new nut.
(i) Do the steps mentioned above again. At step (b), replace
1 or 2 selected bolts.
HINT:
When replacing the 2 bolts, replace 1 bolt for each time.

SA3213
Front A
DB
C
F11574
F11575
SA0028
Front AB
A B
A: Inside
B: Outside SA±6
± SUSPENSION AND AXLEFRONT WHEEL ALIGNMENT
1456 Author: Date:
2001 PRIUS (RM778U)
5. INSPECT TOE±IN
Toe±in:
Toe±in
(total)A + B: 0°06' ± 12' (0.1° ± 0.2°)
C ± D: 1 ± 2 mm (0.04 ± 0.08 in.)
If the toe±in is not within the specified value, adjust it at the rack
ends.
6. ADJUST TOE±IN
(a) Remove the rack boot set clips.
(b) Loosen the tie rod end lock nuts.
(c) Turn the right and left rack ends by an equal amount to
adjust the toe±in.
HINT:
Try to adjust the toe±in to the center of the specified value.
(d) Make sure that the lengths of the right and left rack ends
are the same.
Rack end length difference: 1.5 mm (0.059 in.) or less
(e) Torque the tie rod end lock nuts.
Torque: 74 N´m (750 kgf´cm, 55 ft´lbf)
(f) Place the boots on the seats and install the clips.
HINT:
Make sure that the boots are not twisted.
7. INSPECT WHEEL ANGLE
Turn the steering wheel fully and measure the turning angle.
Wheel turning angle:
Inside wheel42°42' ± 2°
(42.70° ± 2°)
Outside wheel: Reference35°54' (35.90°)
If the right and left inside wheel angles differ from the specified
value, check the right and left rack end lengths.

F12196
F12214
Matchmarks
A
B
SR±26
± STEERINGELECTRIC POWER STEERING GEAR
2001 PRIUS (RM778U)
4. CONNECT EMPS BRACKET AND 2 CONNECTORS
(a) Connect the EMPS bracket with the 2 bolts.
Torque: 5.5 N´m (60 kgf´cm, 52 in.´lbf)
(b) Connect the earth wire with the bolt.
Torque: 5.5 N´m (60 kgf´cm, 52 in.´lbf)
(c) Connect the 2 clamps.
(d) Connect the 2 connectors.
5. CONNECT LOWER SUSPENSION ARM TO LOWER
BALL JOINT (See page SA±43)
6. CONNECT STABILIZER BAR (See page SA±43)
7. CONNECT NO. 2 INTERMEDIATE SHAFT ASSEMBLY
(a) Put the dust seal back to the engine compartment side.
(b) Remove the vinyl tape from the serrated part of the control
valve shaft.
(c) Align the matchmarks on the No. 2 intermediate shaft as-
sembly and control valve shaft.
(d) Install the bolt ºBº and torque the bolt ºAº.
Torque: 35 N´m (360 kgf´cm, 22 ft´lbf)
8. CONNECT RH AND LH TIE ROD ENDS
(See page SA±14)
9. PLACE FRONT WHEELS FACING STRAIGHT AHEAD
HINT:
Do it with the front of the vehicle jacked up.
10. CENTER SPIRAL CABLE (See page SR±14)
11. INSTALL STEERING WHEEL
(a) Align the matchmarks on the steering wheel and steering
column main shaft.
(b) Temporarily tighten the steering wheel set nut.
12. CHECK STEERING WHEEL CENTER POINT
13. TORQUE STEERING WHEEL SET NUT
Torque: 50 N´m (510 kgf´cm, 37 ft´lbf)
14. INSTALL STEERING WHEEL PAD (See page SR±14)
15. CHECK FRONT WHEEL ALIGNMENT
16. PERFORM CALIBRATION OF TORQUE SENSOR
ZERO POINT (See page DI±454)