VOLKSWAGEN ID.3 2020 Owner´s Manual

Th e c e n tra l a ir b ag is in sta lle d f o r t h e f ro n t s e ats a n d is l o ca te d in t h e in ner b ack re st p ad din g o f
th e d riv e r s e at.
T h e l o ca tio n o f t h e c e n tra l a ir b ag is in dic a te d b y t h e “ A IR BAG” l a b el →  Fig . 1.
T h e a re a in t h e r e d f ra m e is c o ve re d b y t h e c e n tra l a ir b ag w hen t rig gere d (d ep lo ym en t z o n e)
→  Fig . 1. F o r t h is r e aso n , y o u m ust n eve r l e ave o r a tta ch a n y it e m s in t h is a re a →  .
Th e c e n tra l a ir b ag is t rig gere d in t h e e ve n t o f a s id e c o llis io n a n d v e h ic le r o llo ve r a n d t h us
re d uce s t h e r is k o f in ju ry t o t h e v e h ic le o cc u p an ts .
W AR N IN G
O nce t rig gere d , t h e a ir b ag in fla te s in f ra ctio n s o f a s e co n d a t v e ry h ig h s p eed .
●A lw ays l e ave t h e d ep lo ym en t z o n es o f t h e c e n tra l a ir b ag c le ar.
●N eve r s e cu re a n y it e m s o n t h e c o ve r o r in t h e d ep lo ym en t z o n e o f t h e c e n tra l a ir b ag .
●Th ere m ust b e n o o th er p eo p le , a n im als o r o b je cts b etw een t h e o cc u p an ts o f t h e f ro n t s e ats
a n d t h e a ir b ag d ep lo ym en t z o n es. E nsu re t h at c h il d re n a n d p ass e n gers k e ep t o t h is r u le .
●D o n ot f it s e at c o ve rs o r p ro te ctiv e c o ve rs o ve r t h e s e ats u n le ss t h ey h ave b een e xp re ssly
a p pro ve d f o r u se in t h e v e h ic le . O th erw is e t h e c e n tra l a ir b ag m ay n ot b e a b le t o in fla te o n ce
trig gere d .
C ent ra l a ir b ag
Fig . 1 I n t h e in ner b ack re st p ad din g o f t h e d riv e r s e at: c e n tra l a ir b ag .

WAR N IN G
In co rre ct u se o f t h e d riv e r a n d f ro n t p ass e n ger s e at c o uld h in der t h e p ro p er f u n ctio n o f t h e
ce n tra l a ir b ag a n d c a u se s e rio us in ju ry .
●N eve r r e m ove t h e f ro n t s e ats f ro m t h e v e h ic le o r a lt e r a n y c o m pon en ts o f t h ese s e ats .
●If t o o m uch p re ssu re is a p plie d t o t h e b ack re st s id e b ols te rs , t h e c e n tra l a ir b ag m ay n ot b e
trig gere d c o rre ctly , m ay n ot t rig ger a t a ll, o r m ay t rig ger a cc id en ta lly .
●A ny d am ag e t o t h e o rig in al s e at c o ve rs o r a ro un d t h e s e am s o f t h e c e n tra l a ir b ag u n it m ust
b e r e p air e d im med ia te ly b y a q ualif ie d w ork sh op .

Usin g c h il d s e ats c a n r e d uce t h e r is k o f in ju ry t o t h e c h il d if t h ere is a n a cc id en t. A lw ays u se c h il d
s e ats w hen d riv in g w it h c h il d re n .
N ote t h e f o llo w in g:
—C hil d s e ats a re c la ssif ie d in to g ro up s d ep en din g o n t h e s iz e , a g e a n d w eig ht o f c h il d f o r w hic h
th ey a re d esig ned .
—V ario us s e cu rin g s y ste m s a re u se d t o s e cu re c h il d s e ats in t h e v e h ic le .
F o r s a fe ty r e aso n s, c h il d s e ats m ust a lw ays b e f it te d t o t h e r e ar s e ats (→ Chil d s e ats).
V olk sw ag en r e co m men ds c h il d s e ats f ro m t h e V olk sw ag en r a n ge o f a cce ss o rie s. T h ese c h il d
s e ats h ave b een d eve lo p ed a n d a p pro ve d f o r u se in V olk sw ag en v e h ic le s.
W AR N IN G
If c h il d re n a re n ot s e cu re d o r a re in ad eq uate ly s e cu re d , t h ey a re a t g re ate r r is k o f s e rio us o r
eve n f a ta l in ju ry . P le ase n ote t h e f o llo w in g:
●C hil d re n w ho a re e it h er u n der 1 2 y e ars o f a g e o r l e ss t h an 1 50 c m t a ll m ust n ot b e c a rrie d in
t h e v e h ic le u n le ss t h ey a re s e cu re d in a s u it a b le c h il d s e at w hil e t h e v e h ic le is in m otio n .
R eg ula tio n s in s o m e c o un trie s m ay d if fe r a n d m ust b e c o m plie d w it h .
●A lw ays s e cu re c h il d re n in t h e v e h ic le in a s u it a b le c h il d s e at. T h e s e at u se d m ust b e
ap pro p ria te t o t h e c h il d 's h eig ht, w eig ht a n d a g e.
●N eve r f a ste n m ore t h an o n e c h il d in to o n e c h il d s e at.
●U nder n o c ir c u m sta n ce s s h ould c h il d re n o r b ab ie s b e h eld in a p ass e n ger's o r d riv e rs l a p
w hil e d riv in g.
●N eve r l e ave a c h il d u n su p erv is e d in a c h il d s e at.
●N eve r a llo w a c h il d t o b e c a rrie d in a v e h ic le w it h out b ein g p ro p erly s e cu re d , a n d n eve r
allo w a c h il d t o s ta n d u p o r t o k n eel o n a s e at, o r t o s it in co rre ctly w hil e t h e c a r is in m otio n .
Th is is p art ic u la rly im port a n t f o r c h il d re n c a rrie d o n t h e f ro n t p ass e n ger s e at. I n a n a cc id en t,
c h il d re n m ay s u sta in s e rio us in ju rie s t o t h em se lv e s a n d o th ers .
●T h e c h il d s e at c a n o n ly p ro vid e m axim um p ro te ctio n if t h e s e at b elt is r o ute d c o rre ctly
a ro un d it . A lw ays e n su re t h at t h e s e at b elt is r o ute d a s s p ecif ie d in t h e in stru ctio n s p ro vid ed
b y t h e c h il d s e at m an ufa ctu re r. I f t h e s e at b elt is r o ute d in co rre ctly it m ay c a u se in ju rie s
eve n in a m in or a cc id en t.
●A ft e r a n a cc id en t, it is v it a l t o r e p la ce a n y c h il d s e ats t h at w ere in u se d urin g t h e a cc id en t, a s
th ey c o uld h ave s u sta in ed n on -v is ib le d am ag e.
N OTIC E
Ple ase o b se rv e t h e n ote s a n d in fo rm atio n f o r v e h ic le s w it h N 1 a p pro va l ( → N1 a p pro va l).
S afe t ra ns port o f c hi ld re n
Int ro d uctio n to t he t o p ic

Only u se c h il d s e ats t h at h ave b een o ff ic ia lly a p pro ve d a n d a re s u it a b le f o r t h e c h il d .
S ta n d ard s f o r c h il d s e ats
R eg ula tio n s E C E-R  4 4 o r E C E-R  1 29 →  Sta n dard s f o r c h il d s e ats a p ply t o c h il d s e ats in t h e u se r
sta te s. B oth r e g ula tio n s a p ply s im ult a n eo usly . C hil d s e ats w hic h h ave b een t e ste d in a cco rd an ce
w it h t h ese s ta n dard s c a rry a n o ra n ge E C E a p pro va l l a b el. T h is E C E a p pro va l l a b el m ay in clu d e t h e
fo llo w in g in fo rm atio n o n t h e c h il d s e at:
—W eig ht c la ss.
—S iz e c la ss.
—A ppro va l c a te g ory (u n iv e rs a l, s e m i- u n iv e rs a l, v e h ic le -s p ecif ic o r i- S iz e ).
—A ppro va l n um ber.
O n c h il d s e ats t h at a re a p pro ve d u n der r e g ula tio n E C E-R  4 4, t h e e ig ht- d ig it a p pro va l n um ber o n
th e E C E a p pro va l l a b el m ust b eg in w it h 0 3 o r 0 4. T h is s h ow s t h at t h e s e at is a d m is sib le f o r u se .
O ld er c h il d s e ats w it h a n a p pro va l n um ber b eg in nin g w it h 0 1 o r 0 2 a re n ot a d m is sib le .
C hil d s e at w eig ht c la sse s
T y p es o f c hi ld s e at
Fig . 1 E xa m ple il lu stra tio n s o f c h il d s e ats .

Cla ssC hil d 's w eig ht
Gr oup 0u p t o 1 0 k g
Gr oup  0 +up t o 1 3 k g
Gr oup 19 t o 1 8 k g
Gr oup 21 5 t o 2 5 k g
Gr oup 32 2 t o 3 6 k g
—W eig ht c la ss 0 /0 +: g ro up 0 /0 + o r 0 /1 r e ar- fa cin g in fa n t c a rrie rs →  Fig . 1 a re t h e b est o ptio n
fo r t h e p erio d f ro m b ir t h t o a b out 1 8 m on th s.
—W eig ht c la ss 1: g ro up 1 (u p t o a b out f o ur y e ars o ld ) a n d g ro up 1 /2 ( u p t o a b out s e ve n  y e ars
o ld ) w it h a n in te g ra l b elt s y ste m a re b est f o r c h il d re n o ve r t h e r e le va n t w eig ht l im it .
—W eig ht c la sse s 2 /3: g ro up s 2 a n d 3 in clu d e c h il d s e ats w it h a b ack re st, a n d b ooste r s e ats w it h
n o b ack re st. C hil d s e ats w it h a b ack re st h ave in te g ra te d s e at r o utin g a n d s id e p ad din g, a n d s o
p ro vid e b ette r p ro te ctio n t h an b ooste r s e ats w it h n o b ack re st. V olk sw ag en t h ere fo re
r e co m men ds t h e u se o f c h il d s e ats w it h a b ack re st. Gr oup 2 c h il d s e ats a re f o r c h il d re n u p t o
th e a g e o f a b out s e ve n , g ro up 3 c h il d s e ats f o r t h ose o ld er t h an s e ve n .
N ot e ve ry c h il d w il l f it in t h e c h il d s e at s p ecif ie d f o r t h eir w eig ht g ro up . Li ke w is e , n ot e ve ry s e at
w il l f it in e ve ry v e h ic le . T h ere fo re it is v it a l t o c h eck t h at t h e c h il d f it s p ro p erly in t h eir c h il d s e at
a n d t h at t h e c h il d s e at c a n b e s e cu re ly f a ste n ed in t h e v e h ic le .
C hil d s e at a p pro va l c a te g orie s
Chil d s e ats c a n b e c la ssif ie d a s “ u n iv e rs a l” , “ s e m i- u n iv e rs a l” “ o r v e h ic le -s p ecif ic ” (a ll in
a cco rd an ce w it h r e g ula tio n E C E-R  4 4) o r “ i- S iz e ” (in a cco rd an ce w it h r e g ula tio n E C E-R  1 29).
—U niv e rs a l: c h il d s e ats w it h “ u n iv e rs a l” a p pro va l a re a p pro ve d f o r u se in a ll v e h ic le s. N o t y p e l is t
is r e q uir e d . I S O FIX c h il d s e ats w it h u n iv e rs a l a p pro va l m ust b e a d dit io n ally s e cu re d u sin g a
s tra p o ve r t h e t o p o f t h e v e h ic le s e at (t o p t e th er).
—S e m i- u n iv e rs a l: “ s e m i- u n iv e rs a l” a p pro va l r e q uir e s o th er s a fe ty d evic e s f o r a tta ch in g t h e s e at
(t h at r e q uir e a d dit io n al t e stin g) in a d dit io n t o t h e s ta n dard r e q uir e m en ts f o r u n iv e rs a l
ap pro va l. C hil d s e ats w it h “ s e m i- u n iv e rs a l” a p pro va l c o m e w it h a t y p e l is t. T h e s e ats s h ould
o n ly b e u se d in v e h ic le s t h at a re in clu d ed o n t h is l is t.
—V eh ic le -s p ecif ic: c h il d s e ats w it h v e h ic le s p ecif ic a p pro va l m ust h ave u n derg on e d yn am ic
t e stin g in e ach m od el o f v e h ic le f o r w hic h it is a p pro ve d . T h ese c h il d s e ats a ls o c o m e w it h a
t y p e l is t.
—i- S iz e: c h il d s e ats c la ssif ie d a s “ i- S iz e ” m ust c o n fo rm t o t h e in sta lla tio n a n d s a fe ty
re q uir e m en ts p re sc rib ed in r e g ula tio n E C E-R  1 29. C on ta ct t h e c h il d s e at m an ufa ctu re r t o f in d
out w heth er c h il d s e ats a re a p pro ve d f o r t h is v e h ic le , a n d if s o w hic h o n es, in a cco rd an ce w it h
i- S iz e .

Fig . 1 I llu stra tio n : a ir b ag l a b el o n t h e s u n v is o r.
F ig . 2 I llu stra tio n : a ir b ag l a b el o n t h e B -p il la r.
C oun try -s p ecif ic r e g ul atio ns
Th e s ta n dard s a n d r e g ula tio n s g ove rn in g t h e u se o f c h il d s e ats a n d c h il d s e at s e cu rin g
m ech an is m s d if fe r f ro m c o un try t o c o un try . N ot a ll c o un trie s a llo w y o u t o t ra n sp ort c h il d re n o n
th e f ro n t p asse n ger s e at. R eg ula tio n s a n d l e g al r e q uir e m en ts t a ke p re ce d en ce o ve r t h e
in fo rm atio n g iv e n in t h is o w ner's m an ual.
I ns ta lling a nd u sing c hi ld s e ats

In fo rm atio n o n f it tin g a c h il d s e at
O bse rv e t h e f o llo w in g g en era l in fo rm atio n w hen f it tin g a c h il d s e at. T h is in fo rm atio n is r e le va n t
w hate ve r c h il d s e at s e cu rin g s y ste m is b ein g u se d .
—R ead a n d f o llo w t h e in stru ctio n s p ro vid ed b y t h e c h il d s e at m an ufa ctu re r .
—W hen eve r p ossib le , f it a ll c h il d s e ats t o t h e r e ar s e at b eh in d t h e f ro n t p ass e n ger s e at s o t h at
ch il d re n c a n e xit t h e v e h ic le o n t h e k e rb s id e.
—D eactiv a te t h e f ro n t p asse n ger f ro n t a ir b ag if f it tin g a r e ar- fa cin g c h il d s e at o n t h e f ro n t
passe n ger s e at.
—W hen f it tin g o n t h e f ro n t p asse n ger s e at, p ush t h e f ro n t p ass e n ger s e at b ack f u lly a n d a d ju st
th e s e at t o t h e h ig hest p osit io n . A dju st t h e b ack re st t o a n u p rig ht p osit io n (→ Sit tin g p osit io n).
—A lw ays e n su re t h at t h ere is e n oug h s p ace a ro un d t h e c h il d s e at. I f n ece ssa ry , a d ju st t h e
p osit io n o f t h e s e at in f ro n t. W hen d oin g s o , e n su re t h at t h e d riv e r o r f ro n t p asse n ger c a n s til l
m ain ta in a c o rre ct s it tin g p osit io n (→ Sit tin g p osit io n).
—Th e b ack re st o f t h e c h il d s e at m ust l a y a s f la t a s p ossib le a g ain st t h e v e h ic le s e at b ack re st. I f
r e q uir e d , a d ju st t h e s e at b ack re st a n g le s o t h at t h e c h il d s e at l ie s f lu sh a g ain st t h e b ack re st.
O nce it h as b een in sta lle d , if t h e c h il d s e at is t o uch in g t h e h ead r e stra in t a n d t h ere fo re c a n not
b e p osit io n ed f lu sh a g ain st t h e b ack re st, p ush t h e h ead r e stra in t a ll t h e w ay u p , o r r e m ove a n d
sto w s a fe ly in t h e v e h ic le (→ Sit tin g p osit io n).
A ir b ag s tic k e r
Th e v e h ic le m ay b e p ro vid ed w it h s tic ke rs g iv in g im port a n t in fo rm atio n a b out t h e f ro n t
passe n ger f ro n t a ir b ag . T h e in fo rm atio n o n t h ese s tic ke rs m ay v a ry f ro m c o un try t o c o un try . T h e
stic ke rs m ay b e f o un d:
—O n t h e d riv e r s u n v is o r a n d in s o m e c a se s o n t h e f ro n t p ass e n ger s u n v is o r .
—O n t h e B -p il la r o n t h e f ro n t p asse n ger s id e .
I t is e sse n tia l t o o b se rv e t h e w arn in g in fo rm atio n s h ow n o n t h ese s tic ke rs b efo re in sta llin g a
r e ar- fa cin g c h il d s e at .
R is k s i n vo lv e d i n c a rry in g c h il d re n o n t h e f ro nt p asse n g er s e at
If y o u a re u sin g a re ar- fa cin g c h il d s e at, t h e f ro n t p asse n ger f ro n t a ir b ag c a n c a u se c rit ic a l o r
p ote n tia lly f a ta l in ju rie s w hen it in fla te s .
R ear- fa cin g c h il d s e ats m ay b e u se d o n t h e f ro n t p ass e n ger s e at o n ly if t h e f ro n t p asse n ger f ro n t
air b ag h as b een d eactiv a te d (→ Air b ag s y ste m) (→ Adva n ce d a ir b ag s y ste m). A d eactiv a te d
fro n t p asse n ger f ro n t a ir b ag is in dic a te d b y t h e c o n tin uo usly l it  P A SSE N GE R A IR  B AG  
in dic a to r l a m p in t h e d riv e r’s f ie ld o f v is io n (→ In dic a to r l a m p f o r s ta n dard a ir b ag s y ste m).
If u sin g a fro n t- fa cin g c h il d s e at, d o n ot d eactiv a te t h e f ro n t p asse n ger f ro n t a ir b ag . W hen f it tin g
th e c h il d s e at, e n su re t h at it is a s f a r a w ay a s p ossib le f ro m t h e f ro n t p ass e n g er f ro n t a ir b ag . T h e
fro n t p asse n ger f ro n t a ir b ag c a n c a u se s e ve re in ju rie s w hen it in fla te s .
S o m e c h il d s e ats a re n ot s u it a b le f o r u se o n t h e f ro n t p ass e n ger s e at. T h e c h il d s e at m ust b e
sp ecia lly a u th oris e d b y t h e m an ufa ctu re r f o r u se o n t h e f ro n t p ass e n ger s e at in v e h ic le s w it h
fro n t a n d s id e a ir b ag s. V olk sw ag en d eale rs h ip s k e ep a n u p -to -d ate l is t o f a u th oris e d c h il d s e ats .

DAN GE R
If y o u u se a r e ar- fa cin g c h il d s e at o n t h e f ro n t p ass e n ger s e at, t h e c h il d in it is a t in cre ase d r is k
o f s u sta in in g c rit ic a l o r f a ta l in ju rie s in t h e e ve n t o f a n a cc id en t.
●D eactiv a te t h e f ro n t p asse n ger f ro n t a ir b ag . I f t h e f ro n t p ass e n ger f ro n t a ir b ag c a n not b e
deactiv a te d n o r e ar- fa cin g c h il d s e at m ay b e u se d .
●M ove t h e f ro n t p asse n ger s e at a s f a r b ack a n d a s h ig h a s it c a n b e a d ju ste d t o c re ate t h e
la rg est p ossib le d is ta n ce b etw een t h e c h il d s e at a n d t h e f ro n t p ass e n ger f ro n t a ir b ag .
●M ove t h e b ack re st t o t h e u p rig ht p osit io n .
●O nly u se c h il d s e ats t h at h ave b een a p p ro ve d b y t h e c h il d s e at m an ufa ctu re r f o r u se o n a
f ro n t p asse n ger s e at w it h f ro n t a n d s id e a ir b ag .
W AR N IN G
Chil d s e ats p re se n t a r is k o f in ju ry if in co rre ctly in sta lle d .
●A lw ays r e ad a n d f o llo w t h e in sta lla tio n in stru ctio n s a n d w arn in g in fo rm atio n p ro vid ed b y
th e c h il d s e at m an ufa ctu re r.
W AR N IN G
Usin g a f ro n t- fa cin g c h il d s e at o n t h e f ro n t p ass e n ger s e at p re se n ts a r is k o f in ju ry .
●M ove t h e f ro n t p asse n ger s e at a s f a r b ack a n d a s h ig h a s it c a n b e a d ju ste d t o c re ate t h e
la rg est p ossib le d is ta n ce b etw een t h e c h il d s e at a n d t h e f ro n t p ass e n ger f ro n t a ir b ag .
●M ove t h e b ack re st t o t h e u p rig ht p osit io n .
●O nly u se c h il d s e ats t h at h ave b een a p p ro ve d b y t h e c h il d s e at m an ufa ctu re r f o r u se o n a
f ro n t p asse n ger s e at w it h f ro n t a n d s id e a ir b ag .
W AR N IN G
To a vo id in ju rie s c a u se d b y in fla tio n o f a h ead a ir b ag o r s id e a ir b ag :
●E nsu re t h at n o c h il d re n a re s e ate d w it h in t h e a ir b ag d ep lo ym en t z o n es (→ Air b ag s y ste m)
(→ Adva n ce d a ir b ag s y ste m).
●D o n ot p la ce a n y o b je cts in t h e s id e a ir b ag d ep lo ym en t z o n es.

Dif fe re n t c o un trie s u se d if fe re n t s e cu rin g s y ste m s f o r s a fe ly f it tin g c h il d s e ats in t h e v e h ic le .
O ve rv ie w o f s e cur in g s y ste m s
—IS O FIX: I S O FIX is a s ta n dard is e d s e cu rin g s y ste m f o r f it tin g c h il d s e ats in t h e v e h ic le q uic k ly
a n d s a fe ly . T h e I S O FIX a tta ch m en t s y ste m c re ate s a r ig id c o n nectio n b etw een t h e c h il d s e at
a n d t h e c a r b od y.
T h e s e at h as t w o r ig id a tta ch m en t a rm s. T h e a tta ch m en t a rm s e n gag e in I S O FIX a tta ch m en t
p oin ts b etw een t h e s e at a n d t h e b ack re st (→ Chil d s e at w it h I S O FI X) (→ Chil d s e at w it h I S O FIX
o r i- S iz e). A n u p per s tra p (t o p t e th er) o r a s u p port f o ot m ay s o m etim es h ave t o b e u se d in
a d dit io n t o t h e I S O FIX a n ch or p oin ts d esc rib ed a b ove .
—T h re e-p oin t a u to m atic s e at b elt. I t is b ette r t o s e cu re c h il d s e ats u sin g t h e I S O FIX s y ste m , if
a va il a b le , r a th er t h an w it h a t h re e-p oin t a u to m atic s e at b elt (→ Chil d s e at w it h s e at b elt).
A ddit io n al s e cu rin g p oin ts :
—T o p t e th er: t h e s tra p a t t h e t o p o f t h e c h il d s e at is r o ute d o ve r t h e r e ar s e at b ack re st a n d
hooke d t o a n a n ch or r in g o n t h e b ack o f t h e r e ar s e ats (→ Chil d s e at w it h t o p t e th er). T o p
te th er a n ch or p oin ts a re m ark e d w it h a n a n ch or s y m bol.
—S u p port f o ot: s o m e c h il d s e ats a re s u p port e d b y a s u p port f o ot r e stin g o n t h e f lo or o f t h e
ve h ic le . T h is s u p port f o ot h elp s p re ve n t t h e c h il d s e at t ip pin g f o rw ard in a c ra sh . C hil d s e ats
w it h a s u p port f o ot c a n o n ly b e u se d o n t h e f ro n t p ass e n ger s e at a n d t h e o ute r r e ar s e ats →  
.
Reco m men d ed c h il d s e at s e cur in g s y ste m s
Volk sw ag en r e co m men ds t h at c h il d s e ats a re s e cu re d a s f o llo w s:
—In fa n t c a rrie r o r r e ar- fa cin g c h il d s e at: I S O FIX an d s u p port f o ot.
—F ro n t- fa cin g c h il d s e at: I S O FIX an d t o p t e th er a n d p ossib ly a ls o s u p port f o ot.
W AR N IN G
In co rre ct u se o f t h e s u p port f o ot c a n c a u se s e ve re o r f a ta l in ju rie s.
●E nsu re t h at t h e s u p port f o ot is a lw ays c o rre ctly a n d s a fe ly in sta lle d .
S ecu ring s y ste m s

Secu ring a c hi ld s e at w it h IS O FIX /i- S iz e
Fig . 1 M ark in gs id en tif y in g t h e I S O FIX a n ch or p oin ts f o r c h il d s e ats .
F ig . 2 M ark in gs id en tif y in g t h e i- s iz e a n ch ora g e p oin ts f o r c h il d s e ats .