heating VOLVO S90 TWIN ENGINE 2019 Owner's Guide
[x] Cancel search | Manufacturer: VOLVO, Model Year: 2019, Model line: S90 TWIN ENGINE, Model: VOLVO S90 TWIN ENGINE 2019Pages: 669, PDF Size: 14.33 MB
Page 442 of 669
STARTING AND DRIVING
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Transmission
The transmission is part of the vehicle's driveline(power transmission) between the engine andthe drive wheels. The function of the transmis-sion is to change gears depending on speedand power needs.
The vehicle has an 8-speed automatic transmis-sion and an electric motor for rear-wheel drive.The number of gears allows the engine's torqueand power band to be effectively utilized. Two ofthe gears are overdrive gears that save fuel whendriving at a constant engine speed. The steeringwheel paddles* can be used to shift up or downmanually. The instrument panel shows the gearcurrently in use.
CAUTION
Check the operating temperature of thetransmission to help avoid damage to any ofthe drive system components. If there is a riskof overheating, a warning symbol will appearin the instrument panel and a text messagewill be displayed. Follow the recommenda-tions given.
Symbols in the instrument panel
If a problem should occur with the transmission, asymbol and a message will appear in the instru-ment panel.
Symbol Meaning
Information and messages relatedto the transmission. Follow the rec-ommendations provided.
Hot or overheated transmission.Follow the recommendations provi-ded.
Reduced performance/Acceler-ation performance reduced
In the event of a temporary fault inthe driveline, the vehicle may gointo a "limp home" mode withreduced power output to help avoiddamage to the driveline.
Related information
Gear selector positions for automatic trans-missions (p. 440)
Gear selector positions forautomatic transmissions
In vehicles with an automatic transmission, thesystem selects the optimal gear for the currentdriving conditions. The transmission also has amanual mode.
The instrument panel shows which gear is cur-rently in use:
P, R, N, D or B.
For manual shifting, the gear indicator in theinstrument panel displays the gear currentlybeing used (1-8).
Selecting gears
The gear selector is a shift-by-wire selector,where shifting is done electronically instead ofmechanically. This makes shifting easier and thegear positions more distinct.
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STARTING AND DRIVING
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The kickdown function
Kickdown is used when maximum acceleration isneeded, e.g. when passing.
When the accelerator pedal is depressed all theway to the floor (past the normal full acceleratorposition), the transmission will automaticallyengage kickdown, i.e. immediately shift down to alower gear.
If the accelerator pedal is released from the kick-down position, the transmission will automaticallyshift up again.
Safety function
The transmission control module is equipped witha downshift protection feature to help prevent theengine from overheating.
In some conditions, the transmission will preventdownshifting/kickdown if this would lead to suchhigh engine speed (rpm) that the engine couldbe damaged. If the driver still attempts downshift-ing or kickdown at a high rpm, nothing will hap-pen and the original gear will remain selected.
With kickdown, the vehicle can downshift one ormore steps at a time depending on the enginespeed. The vehicle upshifts when the engine rea-ches its maximum rpm to prevent engine dam-age.
Related information
Gear selector positions for automatic trans-missions (p. 440)
All Wheel Drive (AWD)
All-wheel drive, All Wheel Drive (AWD), alsocalled four-wheel drive, means that power is dis-tributed to all four wheels, which improves trac-tion.
The electric motor that powers the rear wheelsenables electronic all-wheel drive functionality.All-wheel drive reacts differently depending onwhich drive mode is selected.
Related information
Drive modes (p. 446)
Transmission (p. 440)
Drive systems
Volvo Twin Engine combines a combustionengine for the front wheels and an electric motorfor the rear wheels.
Two drive systems
Depending on the selected drive mode andpower available in the electric motor, the drivesystems can either be used separately or in tan-dem.
The electric motor gets its energy from a hybridbattery located under the tunnel console. Thehybrid can be charged from a wall outlet or in aspecial charging station. The combustion enginecan also charge the hybrid battery using a specialhigh-voltage generator.
Both the combustion engine and the electricmotor can generate power directly to the wheels.An advanced control system coordinates both thedrive systems to help optimize driving economy.
Page 455 of 669
STARTING AND DRIVING
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Leveling control settings*
Turn off leveling control before lifting the vehiclewith a jack to help avoid problems with thepneumatic suspension.
Center display settings
Disable Leveling Control
In certain situations, this function must be turnedoff, e.g. before the vehicle is raised using a jack*.The level difference caused by raising the vehiclewith a jack could cause problems with the pneu-matic suspension.
Turning off the function in the center display:
1.Tap Settings in the Top view.
2. Tap My CarParking Brake andSuspension.
3.Select Disable Leveling Control.
Related information
Leveling control* and suspension (p. 451)
Loading recommendations (p. 580)
Economical driving
Drive economically and more environmentallyconscious by thinking ahead, avoiding rapidstarts and stops and adapting driving style andspeed to the current traffic conditions.
To help achieve the greatest distance with thelowest fuel consumption with Twin Engine,observe the following:
Charge
Charge the vehicle regularly by plugging itinto an electrical outlet. Make it a habit toalways begin trips with the hybrid battery fullycharged.
Locate charging stations along your route.
If possible, choose parking spots with charg-ing stations.
NOTE
Charge the vehicle from the electricity grid asoften as possible!
Preconditioning
Whenever possible, precondition the vehiclebefore driving by connecting the chargingcable to an electrical outlet.
Avoid parking the vehicle somewhere wherethe interior will become too hot or too coldwhile the vehicle is parked. If possible, parkthe vehicle in a climate-controlled garage.
During a short drive after passenger com-partment preconditioning, turn off the pas-senger compartment fan or the air condition-ing in a hot climate.
If preconditioning is not possible when it iscold outside, use seat and steering wheelheating first. Avoid heating the entire pas-senger compartment to reduce the amountof current being taken from the hybrid bat-tery.
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STARTING AND DRIVING
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Driving
Choose the Pure drive mode to help mini-mize electric power consumption.
Maintain a steady speed and a generous fol-lowing distance to traffic ahead to minimizebraking. This drive mode has the lowestpower consumption.
Balance energy requirements using theaccelerator pedal. Use the indicator on theinstrument panel to see available electricpower and avoid starting the combustionengine unnecessarily. The electric motor ismore effective than the combustion engine,especially at low speeds.
When braking is necessary, brake gentlyusing the brake pedal. This will help rechargethe hybrid battery. A regenerative function isintegrated in the brake pedal and can beaugmented by the electric motor's brakingcapacity when the gear selector is in modeB.
Higher speeds increase energy consumption- air resistance increases with speed.
Activate the Hold function in the Functionview at high speeds when traveling fartherthan is possible using the hybrid battery'scapacity.
Whenever possible, avoid using the Chargefunction to charge the hybrid battery. Charg-ing the battery using the combustion engine
increases fuel consumption and carbon diox-ide emissions.
In a cold climate, reduce heating of the wind-shield/rear window, mirrors, seats and thesteering wheel.
Maintain the correct pressure in the tires andcheck pressure regularly.
The type of tires used could affect energyconsumption - consult a retailer for advice onsuitable tires.
Remove unnecessary items from the vehicle- the heavier the load, the higher the fuelconsumption.
Roof loads increase air resistance andincrease fuel consumption. Remove roofboxes, ski racks, etc. that are not in use.
Avoid driving with the windows open.
Do not keep the vehicle still on an upwardgradient by using the accelerator pedal. Usethe brakes instead.
Related information
Drive-E ‒ purer driving pleasure (p. 27)
Energy distribution in hybrid mode using mapdata* (p. 450)
Factors affecting electric motor range(p. 455)
Using the electric motor only (p. 454)
Hybrid gauge (p. 83)
Checking tire pressure (p. 549)
Using the electric motor only
When using the electric motor, Volvo TwinEngine provides a combination of good fueleconomy, low emissions and high performance.
For energy-efficient driving:
Select the Pure drive mode to help maximizedriving range using only the electric motor.
Balance energy requirements using theaccelerator pedal. Use the indicator on theinstrument panel's hybrid gauge to see avail-able electric power and avoid starting thecombustion engine unnecessarily.
When braking is necessary, brake gentlyusing the brake pedal. This will recharge thehybrid battery.
Activate the Hold function in the Functionview at high speeds when traveling fartherthan is possible using the hybrid battery'scapacity.
Reduce current consumption in the passen-ger compartment by reducing e.g. fan speed,electric heating, or air conditioning use.
Also follow the general economical driving adviceregarding speed, tires and load to maximizerange.
Related information
General information about Twin Engine(p. 408)
Economical driving (p. 453)
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WARNING
Carbon monoxide is a poisonous, colorless,and odorless gas. It is present in all exhaustgases. If you ever smell exhaust fumes insidethe vehicle, make sure the passenger com-partment is ventilated, and immediately returnthe vehicle to a trained and qualified Volvoservice technician for correction.
Demanding driving
In demanding driving conditions, such as whentowing a trailer or driving in hot weather or forprolonged periods at high altitudes, it may be a
good idea to switch to a higher-octane fuel (AKI5
91 or higher) or to switch to another brand ofgasoline in order to fully utilize the vehicle'sengine capacity and optimize traction.
Related information
Fuel (p. 461)
Emission controls (p. 464)
Emission controls
Three-way catalytic converter
Keep your engine properly tuned. Certainengine malfunctions, particularly involving theelectrical, fuel or distributor ignition systems,may cause unusually high three-way catalyticconverter temperatures. Do not continue tooperate your vehicle if you detect enginemisfire, noticeable loss of power or otherunusual operating conditions, such as engineoverheating or backfiring. A properly tunedengine will help avoid malfunctions thatcould damage the three-way catalytic con-verter.
Do not park your vehicle over combustiblematerials, such as grass or leaves, which cancome into contact with the hot exhaust sys-tem and cause such materials to ignite undercertain wind and weather conditions.
Excessive starter cranking (in excess of oneminute), or an intermittently firing or floodedengine can cause three-way catalytic con-verter or exhaust system overheating.
Remember that tampering or unauthorizedmodifications to the engine, the Engine Con-trol Module, or the vehicle may be illegal andcan cause three-way catalytic converter orexhaust system overheating. This includes:altering fuel injection settings or compo-nents, altering emission system components
or location or removing components, and/orrepeated use of leaded fuel.
NOTE
Unleaded fuel is required for vehicles withthree-way catalytic converters.
Heated oxygen sensors
The heated oxygen sensors monitor the oxygencontent of the exhaust gases. Readings are fedinto a control module that continuously monitorsengine functions and controls fuel injection. Theratio of fuel to air into the engine is continuouslyadjusted for efficient combustion to help reduceharmful emissions.
Related information
Octane rating (p. 462)
Fuel (p. 461)
5AKI (Anti Knock Index) is an average value of RON (Research Octane Number) and MON (Motor Octane Number) - (RON)+(MON)/2
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STARTING AND DRIVING
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Overheating of engine andtransmission
In demanding driving conditions, such as drivingin mountainous areas or hot weather, there is arisk of the engine or transmission overheating,especially when carrying heavy loads.
Engine power may be temporarily limited.
Remove any auxiliary lights mounted in frontof the grille when driving in hot weather.
If the temperature in the engine's coolingsystem becomes too high, a warning symbolwill appear in the instrument panel along withthe message Engine temperature Hightemperature Stop safely. Pull over to asafe location and let the engine idle for a fewminutes to cool down.
If the message Engine temperature Hightemperature Turn off engine or Enginecoolant Level low, turn off engine is dis-played, stop the vehicle and turn off theengine.
If the transmission begins to overheat, analternative gear shifting program will beselected. An integrated protective functionwill also be activated, the warning symbol willilluminate and the message Transmissionwarm Reduce speed to lowertemperature or Transmission hot Stopsafely, wait for cooling will be displayed inthe instrument panel. Follow the recommen-dations given by reducing speed or stopping
the vehicle safely and letting the engine idlefor a few minutes to let the transmissioncool.
If the vehicle begins to overheat, the air con-ditioning may be temporarily switched off.
After a prolonged period of driving indemanding conditions, do not turn off theengine immediately after stopping.
NOTE
It is normal for the engine's cooling fan tooperate for a short time after the engine isswitched off.
Symbols in the instrument panel
Symbol Meaning
High engine temperature. Followthe recommendations provided.
Low coolant level. Follow the rec-ommendations provided.
Transmission hot/overheated/cool-ing. Follow the recommendationsprovided.
Related information
Refilling coolant (p. 599)
Preparing for a long trip (p. 457)
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STARTING AND DRIVING
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Calibrating the compass*
The globe is divided into 15 magnetic zones.The compass should be calibrated if the vehicleis driven from one zone to another.
To calibrate the compass:
1.Stop the vehicle in a large, open area awayfrom steel constructions and high-voltagepower lines.
2.Start the engine and switch off all electricalequipment (climate system, wipers, etc.) andmake sure all doors are closed.
NOTE
Calibration may fail or not even be initiated ifelectrical equipment is not turned off.
3. Hold the button on the bottom of the rear-view mirror pressed for about 3 seconds(using e.g. a paper clip). The number of thecurrent magnetic zone is shown.
15
14
13
12
1198
76
5
4
3
2
1
10
Magnetic zones.
4. Press the button on the underside of themirror repeatedly until the desired magneticzone (1–15) appears (see the map of mag-netic zones).
5.Wait until the display again shows C, orpress and hold the button on the undersideof the rearview mirror for approx. 6 secondsuntil C is displayed.
6. Drive slowly in a circle at a speed of no morethan 10 km/h (6 mph) until a compass direc-tion is shown in the display. This indicatesthat calibration is complete. Drive in a circletwo more times to fine-tune the calibration.
7.Vehicles with heated windshields*: If C isshown in the display when the windshieldheating function is activated, perform step 6above with the heating function on.
8. Repeat the above procedure as needed.
Related information
Compass* (p. 474)
Activating and deactivating the compass*(p. 474)
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WHEELS AND TIRES
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3.Make sure the switch is in the 0 (Off) posi-tion and take out the electric cable and thehose.
4.Unscrew the orange cover on the compres-sor and unscrew the cap on the sealing com-pound bottle.
5.Screw the bottle onto the bottle holder as faras possible.
The bottle and the bottle holder are equip-ped with catches to help prevent the sealingcompound from leaking. Once the bottle isscrewed into place into the bottle holder, itcannot be unscrewed. The bottle can only beremoved by a workshop. Volvo recommendsan authorized Volvo workshop.
WARNING
Do not unscrew the bottle. It is equipped witha catch to prevent leakage.
6. Unscrew the tire's valve cap and screw thehose's valve connector as far as possibleonto the valve.
Be sure the air release valve on the com-pressor's hose is completely closed.
7.Connect the electrical cable to the nearest12 V outlet and start the vehicle.
NOTE
Make sure that none of the vehicle's other12 V sockets are used while the compressoris running.
WARNING
Never leave children unattended in the vehiclewhile the engine is running.
WARNING
Inhaling exhaust fumes could lead to seriousinjury. Never leave the engine running in anenclosed space or a space without sufficientventilation.
8. Start the compressor by moving the switch tothe I (On) position.
WARNING
Never stand next to a tire being inflated withthe compressor. If cracks, bulges, etc. form onthe tire, switch off the compressor immedi-ately. The vehicle should not be driven. Callroadside assistance to have the vehicle towedto a workshop for inspection/replacement ofthe tire. Volvo recommends an authorizedworkshop.
NOTE
When the compressor first starts, air pressuremay temporarily increase up to 6 bar (88 psi)but should decrease again after approxi-mately 30 seconds.
9. Inflate the tire for 7 minutes.
CAUTION
To help avoid overheating, the compressorshould never be used for more than10 minutes at a time.
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The sealing compound bottle must be replacedafter use. Volvo recommends contacting anauthorized Volvo workshop for replacement.
WARNING
After using the tire sealing system, the vehicleshould not be driven farther than approxi-mately 200 km (120 miles).
NOTE
The compressor is an electric device. Followlocal regulations for disposal.
Related information
Recommended tire pressure (p. 551)
Tire sealing system (p. 564)
Inflate tires with the compressor included inthe tire sealing system (p. 569)
Inflate tires with the compressorincluded in the tire sealing system
The vehicle's original tires can be inflated usingthe compressor in the tire sealing system.
1. The compressor must be switched off. Makesure that the switch is in the 0 (Off) positionand take out the electrical cable and thehose.
2. Unscrew the tire's valve cap and screw thehose's valve connector as far as possibleonto the valve.
Be sure the air release valve on the com-pressor's hose is completely closed.
3.Connect the electrical cable to the nearest12 V outlet and start the vehicle.
WARNING
Inhaling exhaust fumes could lead to seriousinjury. Never leave the engine running in anenclosed space or a space without sufficientventilation.
WARNING
Never leave children unattended in the vehiclewhile the engine is running.
4. Start the compressor by moving the switch tothe I (On) position.
CAUTION
Risk of overheating. The compressor shouldnot be running for longer than 10 minutes ata time.
5. Inflate the tire to the pressure specified onthe tire pressure decal on the driver's sidedoor pillar. If the inflation pressure is toohigh, use the air release valve to release air.
6. Switch off the compressor. Remove the hoseand the electrical cable.
7.Screw the valve cap back onto the tire.
NOTE
After inflating a tire, always replace thevalve cap to help prevent valve damagecaused by gravel, dirt, etc.
Use plastic valve caps only. Metal capscould corrode and become difficult toremove.
NOTE
The compressor is an electric device. Followlocal regulations for disposal.
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WARNING
Exceeding the permissible axle weight,gross vehicle weight, or any other weightrating limits can cause tire overheatingresulting in permanent deformation orcatastrophic failure.
Do not use replacement tires with lowerload carrying capacities than the tires thatwere original equipment on the vehiclebecause this will lower the vehicle's GVWrating. Use only tires with the correct loadcarrying capacity. Consult your Volvoretailer for information.
Related information
Loading recommendations (p. 580)