ECO mode VOLVO S90 TWIN ENGINE 2020 Manual PDF

WHEELS AND TIRES
520
TiresThe function of the tires is to carry loads, pro- vide traction on road surfaces, reduce vibra-tions and protect the wheels from wear.
The tires significantly influence the vehicle's driving characteristics. The type, dimensions,tire pressure and speed rating have a consid-erable impact on how the vehicle performs. Your vehicle is equipped with tires according to the vehicle's tire information placard on theB-pillar (the structural member at the side ofthe vehicle, at the rear of the driver's dooropening).
WARNING
A damaged tire could cause the driver to lose control of the vehicle.
CAUTION
Some Volvo models are equipped with an Ultra High Performance tire and wheelcombination designed to provide maxi-mum dry pavement performance with con-sideration for hydroplaning resistance.They may be more susceptible to road haz-ard damage and, depending on drivingconditions, may achieve a tread life of lessthan 30,000 km (20,000 miles). Even ifthis vehicle is equipped with Volvo'sadvanced AWD or stability system, thesetires are not designed for winter driving,and should be replaced with winter tireswhen weather conditions dictate.
The tires have good road holding characteris- tics and offer good handling on dry and wetsurfaces. It should be noted however that thetires have been developed to give these fea-tures on snow/ice-free surfaces. Most models are equipped with "all-season" tires, which provide a somewhat higherdegree of roadholding on slippery road surfa-ces than tires without the "all-season" rating.However, for optimal roadholding on icy orsnow-covered roads, Volvo recommendssnow tires on all four wheels. When replacing tires, be sure that the newtires are the same size designation, type(radial) and preferably from the same manu-facturer, on all four wheels. Otherwise there isa risk of altering the vehicle's roadholding andhandling characteristics.
Recommended tiresOn delivery, the car is equipped with Volvo original tires that have the VOL
1
marking on
the side of the tires. These tires have been designed specifically for your vehicle. It istherefore important when replacing tires thatthe new tires have this same marking to helpmaintain the vehicle's driving characteristics,comfort and fuel consumption.
New tires
1 This may vary for certain tire dimensions.

WHEELS AND TIRES
}}
521
Tires are perishable goods. After a few years, they will begin to harden and their frictionproperties will gradually deteriorate. Alwaysreplace tires with the freshest tires possible.This is particularly important for snow tires. Aseries of numbers is imprinted on the sidewallof the tire. The last four digits in the series isthe Department of Transportation (DOT)stamp and indicates the week and year thetire was manufactured. The tire in the illustra-tion has 0717 as the last four digits, whichmeans it was manufactured week 7 of 2017.
Tire ageTires degrade over time, even when they arenot being used. It is recommended that tiresgenerally be replaced after 6 years of normalservice. Heat caused by hot climates, frequenthigh loading conditions or Ultra Violet (U.V.)exposure can accelerate the aging process. The temporary spare
2
should also be replaced
at 6-year intervals, even if it has never been used. A tire with e.g., visible cracks or discol-oration should be replaced immediately.
Tire economy
Maintain correct tire pressure.
Avoid fast starts, hard braking and tirescreeching.
Tire wear increases with speed.
Correct front wheel alignment is veryimportant.
Unbalanced wheels impair tire economyand driving comfort.
Tires must maintain the same direction ofrotation throughout their lifetime.
When replacing tires, the tires with themost tread should be mounted on the rearwheels to reduce the chance of oversteerduring hard braking.
Hitting curbs or potholes can damage thetires and/or wheels permanently.
Tire rotationYour vehicle has no required tire rotation. Driv-ing style, tire pressure, climate and road con-ditions affect how quickly the tires age andexhibit signs of wear. Maintaining the correcttire pressure helps keep tread wear evenly dis-tributed. To help prevent differences in tread depth and wear patterns forming on the tires, the frontand rear wheels should be rotated, i.e. thefront tires moved to the rear and the rear tiresmoved to the front. Ideally, tire rotation shouldbe done the first time after approximately5000 km (ca 3100 miles) and thereafter at10,000 km (approx. 6200 miles) intervals. If you have any questions regarding tread depth, Volvo recommends consulting an authorized Volvo workshop. If significant dif-ferences in wear (> 1 mm difference in treaddepth) between the tires have already occur-red, the least worn tires should always bemounted on the rear wheels. A front-wheelskid (understeer) is usually easier to controlthan a rear-wheel skid (oversteer). If the frontwheels skid, the vehicle will continue in astraight line instead of the rear wheels skid-ding to the side, which could cause you tocompletely lose control of the vehicle. It istherefore important that the rear wheels neverlose grip before the front wheels.
Storing wheels and tiresWhen storing complete wheels (tires mountedon rims), they should be suspended off thefloor or placed on their sides on the floor. Tires not mounted on rims should be stored on their sides or standing upright, but should notbe suspended.
CAUTION
Tires should preferably be stored in a cool, dry, dark place, and should never be storedin close proximity to solvents, gasoline,oils, etc.
2
Not available on all models.

WHEELS AND TIRES
* Option/accessory.527
Checking tire pressure
Correct inflation pressure helps improve driv- ing stability, save fuel and increase the serv-ice life of the tires.
Tire pressure decreases over time, which is normal. Tire pressure also varies depending onthe ambient temperature. Driving on under-inflated tires could cause the vehicle to over-heat and lead to damage. Tire pressure affectstraveling comfort, road noise and driving cha-racteristics. Check the pressure in the tires every month. Use the recommended inflation pressure forcold tires to help maintain good tire perform-ance. Under-inflated or over-inflated tirescould cause uneven tread wear. Use an air pressure gauge and check the infla- tion pressure on all the tires, including the spare tire 4
, at least once a month and before
long trips. Volvo recommends buying a relia- ble air pressure gauge, as the automaticgauges provided at service stations may beinaccurate.
WARNING
Under-inflation is the most common cause of tire failure and may result insevere tire cracking, tread separation,or "blow-out," with unexpected loss ofvehicle control and increased risk ofinjury.
Under-inflated tires reduce the loadcarrying capacity of your vehicle.
Cold tiresInflation pressure should be checked when thetires are cold. The tires are considered to becold when they have the same temperature asthe surrounding (ambient) air. This tempera-ture is normally reached after the vehicle hasbeen parked for at least 3 hours. After driving for approximately 1.6 km (1 mile), the tires are considered to be warm. If youneed to drive longer than that to inflate thetires, check and record the inflation pressureof the tires first and inflate accordingly whenyou arrive at the pump. When the ambient temperature changes, so does the inflation pressure. A 10-degree tem-perature drop causes a corresponding drop ininflation pressure of 1 psi (7 kPa). Check theinflation pressure of the tires regularly andadjust to the correct pressure, which can be found on the vehicle's tire information decal orcertification label. If you check inflation pressure when the tires are warm, you should never release air. Thetires become warm after driving and it is nor-mal for warm tires to have an inflation pres-sure above the recommended pressure forcold tires. A warm tire with an inflation pres-sure equal to or under the recommended pres-sure for cold tires could be significantly under-inflated.Related information

Adjusting tire pressure (p. 528)
Recommended tire pressure (p. 529)
Tire pressure monitoring system
*
(p. 529)
Tires (p. 520)
4
Not available in all models.

WHEELS AND TIRES
528
Adjusting tire pressureTire pressure decreases over time, which is normal. The tire pressure must therefore beadjusted to maintain the recommended tirepressure.
Use the recommended inflation pressure for cold tires to help maintain good tire perform-ance and even wear.
NOTE
To help prevent incorrect inflation pressure, pressure should be checked when the tiresare cold. The tires are considered to becold when they have reached the sametemperature as the ambient temperature(about 3 hours after the vehicle was lastdriven). After driving for a few kilometers,the tires will warm up and the pressure willincrease.
1. Remove the valve cap from the tire and press the air pressure gauge firmly onto the valve.
2. Inflate the tire to the correct inflation pres- sure; see the tire pressure placard on thedriver's side B pillar for recommendedpressures for factory-mounted tires. 3. Screw the valve cap back on.
NOTE

After inflating a tire, always replace the valve cap to help prevent valve damagecaused by gravel, dirt, etc.
Use plastic valve caps only. Metal capscould corrode and become difficult toremove.
4. Visually inspect the tire to make sure there
are no nails or other embedded objects that could puncture the tire and cause airleakage.
5. Check the sidewalls to make sure there are no gouges, cuts, bulges or other irreg-ularities.
6. Repeat this procedure for each tire, includ- ing the spare tire 5
.
NOTE
If you have overfilled the tire, release air by pushing on the metal stem in the center ofthe valve. Then recheck the pressure withyour tire gauge. Some spare tires require higher inflation pressure than the other tires. Consult thetire inflation pressure table or the inflationpressure decal.
Related information
Recommended tire pressure (p. 529)
Checking tire pressure (p. 527)
Inflate tires with the compressor included in the tire sealing system (p. 547)
Approved tire pressure (p. 634)
5
Not available on all models.

WHEELS AND TIRES
}}
* Option/accessory.529
Recommended tire pressure
The tire pressure placard on the driver's side B pillar (between the front and the rear door)indicates tire pressure for different loads andspeed conditions.
The decal specifies the designation for the fac- tory-mounted tires on the vehicle, as well asload limits and inflation pressures.
Related information
Checking tire pressure (p. 527)
Approved tire pressure (p. 634)
Tire pressure monitoring system
*
The tire pressure monitoring system 6
pro-
vides a warning symbol in the instrument panel if pressure is too low in one or moretires.
This symbol illuminates to indicate low inflation pressure. If there is a system malfunction, the inflation pressure warning symbol
will flash for approximately one minute andthen glow steadily.
System descriptionThe tire pressure monitoring system measures differences in rotational speed between thewheels through the ABS system to determineif the tires are properly inflated. If inflationpressure in a tire is too low, its diameter (andconsequently its rotational speed) changes. Bycomparing the tires with each other, the sys-tem can determine if the pressure in one ormore tires is too low.
General information about the tire pressure monitoring system
In the following description, the tire monitor- ing system is generally referred to as TPMS. Each tire, including the spare (if provided) 7
should be checked monthly when cold and inflated to the inflation pressure recom- mended by the vehicle manufacturer on thevehicle placard or tire inflation pressure label.(If your vehicle has tires of a different size thanthe size indicated on the vehicle placard or tireinflation pressure label, you should determinethe proper tire inflation pressure for thosetires.) As an added safety feature, your vehicle has been equipped with a tire pressure monitoringsystem (TPMS) that illuminates a low tirepressure telltale when one or more of yourtires is significantly under-inflated. Accord-ingly, when the low tire pressure telltale illumi-nates, you should stop and check your tires assoon as possible, and inflate them to theproper pressure. Driving on a significantly under-inflated tire causes the tire to overheat and can lead to tirefailure. Under-inflation also reduces fuel effi-ciency and tire tread life, and may affect thevehicle's handling and stopping ability. Pleasenote that the TPMS is not a substitute forproper tire maintenance, and it is the driver'sresponsibility to maintain correct tire pressure,even if under-inflation has not reached thelevel to trigger illumination of the TPMS lowtire pressure telltale. Your vehicle has also been equipped with a TPMS malfunction indicator to indicate when
6
Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS)
7 Not available on all models.

||
WHEELS AND TIRES
* Option/accessory.
530 the system is not operating properly. The TPMS malfunction indicator is combined withthe low tire pressure telltale. When the systemdetects a malfunction, the telltale will flash forapproximately one minute and then remaincontinuously illuminated. This sequence willcontinue upon subsequent vehicle start-ups aslong as the malfunction exists. When the mal-function indicator is illuminated, the systemmay not be able to detect or signal low tirepressure as intended. TPMS malfunctions may occur for a variety of reasons, including the installation of replace-ment or alternate tires or wheels on the vehi-cle that prevent the TPMS from functioningproperly. Always check the TPMS malfunction telltale after replacing one or more tires or wheels onyour vehicle to ensure that the replacement oralternate tires and wheels allow the TPMS tocontinue to function properly.
Messages in the instrument panelIf tire pressure is too low, the low tire pressurewarning symbol is shown in the instrumentpanel along with a message. Check the infla- tion pressure in the
Car Status app in the
center display.
Tire pressure low Check Car Status
app in center display
Tire pressure system Temporarily
unavailable
Tire pressure system Service required
To keep in mind
Always save the new inflation pressure in the system after changing a tire or adjust-ing the inflation pressure.
If you switch to a tire of another size thanthe factory-mounted tires, the systemmust be reset by storing a new inflationpressure for these tires to avoid falsewarnings.
If a spare wheel 8
is used, it is possible that
the tire pressure monitoring system willnot work correctly due to the differencesbetween the wheels.
The system does not replace the need forregular tire inspection and maintenance.
It is not possible to deactivate the tirepressure monitoring system.
WARNING
Incorrect inflation pressure could lead to tire failure, which could cause thedriver to lose control of the vehicle.
The system cannot predict sudden tiredamage.
Related information
Recommended tire pressure (p. 529)
Viewing tire pressure status in the center display
* (p. 532)
Action when warned of low tire pressure (p. 533)
Saving a new inflation pressure in the monitoring system
* (p. 531)
8
Not available on all models.

WHEELS AND TIRES
* Option/accessory.
532
Viewing tire pressure status in the center display *
With the system for tire pressure monitor- ing 10
, tire pressure status can be viewed in
the center display.
Checking statusThe vehicle may need to be driven for a few minutes at a speed above 35 km/h (22 mph)to activate the system. 1. Open the
Car Status app in App view.
2. Tap
TPMS to display the status of the
tires.
Status indicator light
The illustration is generic. Layout may vary depend- ing on vehicle model or software version.
Below are a few examples of messages that may be displayed for inflation pressure statusand what they mean.
Instrument panel: Tire
pressure low Check CarStatus app incenter displayThe indicator symbol will illuminate to indicate thatinflation pressure is lowin one or more tires. See the
Car Status app in
the center display for more information.
Instrument panel:
Tire
pressure sys- tem
Tempo-
rarily unavaila- ble
The indicator symbol will flash for about 1 minuteand then glow steadily.The system is temporarilyunavailable and will beactivated momentarily.
Instrument panel:
Tire
pressure sys- tem
Service
required
The indicator symbol will flash for about 1 minuteand then glow steadily. Ifthe system is not work-ing properly, contact a workshop A
.
A An authorized Volvo workshop is recommended.
Related information
Saving a new inflation pressure in the monitoring system
* (p. 531)
Action when warned of low tire pressure (p. 533)
Tire pressure monitoring system
* (p. 529)
Vehicle status (p. 567)
10
Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS)

WHEELS AND TIRES
* Option/accessory.535
Jack*
The jack can be used to lift the vehicle to e.g. change a wheel.CAUTION
When not in use, the jack
* should be
kept in its storage compartment under the cargo compartment floor.
The jack provided with your vehicle isintended to be used only in temporarysituations such as changing wheels inthe event of a flat tire. Only the jackthat came with your particular modelshould be used to lift the vehicle. If thevehicle needs to be lifted more fre-quently or for a prolonged period, usinga garage jack or hoist is recommended.Always follow this device's instructionsfor use.
The jack needs to be cranked together to the correct position in order to fit. For vehicles with
Leveling Control*
: If the
vehicle is equipped with the optional pneu- matic suspension, it must be turned off beforethe vehicle is lifted on a jack.
Related information
Tool kit (p. 534)
Hoisting the vehicle (p. 569)
Wheel bolts
The wheel bolts hold the wheel in place on the wheel hub.
Only use rims that have been tested and approved by Volvo and are included in Volvo'soriginal product range. Use a torque wrench to check that the wheel bolts are tightened correctly. Do not grease the wheel bolt threads.
WARNING
The wheel bolts may need to be tightened again several days after a wheel change.Temperature fluctuations and vibrationscan cause them to loosen slightly.
CAUTION
The wheel bolts should be tightened to 140 Nm (103 ft. lbs.). Over-tightening orunder-tightening could damage the threa-ded joints.
Locking wheel bolts *A tool for removing the locking wheel bolts is located in the foam block under the cargocompartment floor.
Related information
Removing a wheel (p. 536)
Installing a wheel (p. 538)

WHEELS AND TIRES
* Option/accessory.
536
Removing a wheel Wheel changes must always be carried out correctly. The following instructions showhow to remove a wheel and what is impor-tant to keep in mind.
CAUTION
When not in use, the jack
* should be
kept in its storage compartment under the cargo compartment floor.
The jack provided with your vehicle isintended to be used only in temporarysituations such as changing wheels inthe event of a flat tire. Only the jackthat came with your particular modelshould be used to lift the vehicle. If thevehicle needs to be lifted more fre-quently or for a prolonged period, usinga garage jack or hoist is recommended.Always follow this device's instructionsfor use.
WARNING
Apply the parking brake and put the gear selector in the Park (
P) position.
Block the wheels standing on theground, use rigid wooden blocks orlarge stones.
Check that the jack is not damaged,the threads are properly lubricated andit is free from dirt.
Be sure the jack is on a firm, level, non-slippery surface and that it is uprightand not leaning.
The jack must correctly engage in thejack attachment.
No objects should be placed betweenthe base of the jack and the ground, orbetween the jack and the attachmentbar on the vehicle.
Never let anyone remain in the vehiclewhen it is raised on a jack.
If a tire must be changed near passingtraffic, make sure all passengers moveto a safe location.
Use a jack intended for the vehiclewhen changing a tire. For any otherjob, use stands to support the vehicle.
Never crawl under or allow any part ofyour body to be extended under a vehi-cle supported by a jack. 1. Turn on the vehicle's hazard warning
flashers if a wheel change must be per-formed in an area with traffic.
2. Apply the parking brake and put the gear selector in P, or first gear if the vehicle has
a manual transmission. For vehicles with
Leveling Control* : If the
vehicle is equipped with pneumatic sus- pension, this must be switched off before the vehicle is lifted with the jack *.
3. Take out the jack *, lug wrench * and tool for
removing the plastic covers, which are stowed in the foam block.
Tool for removing the plastic covers on the wheel bolts.
4. Place chocks in front of and behind the wheels that are still on the ground. For example, use heavy wooden blocks orlarge stones.

WHEELS AND TIRES
* Option/accessory.
538
Installing a wheel Wheel changes must always be carried out correctly. The following instructions showhow to install a wheel and what is importantto keep in mind.
CAUTION
When not in use, the jack
* should be
kept in its storage compartment under the cargo compartment floor.
The jack provided with your vehicle isintended to be used only in temporarysituations such as changing wheels inthe event of a flat tire. Only the jackthat came with your particular modelshould be used to lift the vehicle. If thevehicle needs to be lifted more fre-quently or for a prolonged period, usinga garage jack or hoist is recommended.Always follow this device's instructionsfor use.
WARNING
Apply the parking brake and put the gear selector in the Park (
P) position.
Block the wheels standing on theground, use rigid wooden blocks orlarge stones.
Check that the jack is not damaged,the threads are properly lubricated andit is free from dirt.
Be sure the jack is on a firm, level, non-slippery surface and that it is uprightand not leaning.
The jack must correctly engage in thejack attachment.
No objects should be placed betweenthe base of the jack and the ground, orbetween the jack and the attachmentbar on the vehicle.
Never let anyone remain in the vehiclewhen it is raised on a jack.
If a tire must be changed near passingtraffic, make sure all passengers moveto a safe location.
Use a jack intended for the vehiclewhen changing a tire. For any otherjob, use stands to support the vehicle.
Never crawl under or allow any part of your body to be extended under a vehi-cle supported by a jack.
The vehicle must be raised high enough sothat the wheel you are removing can turnfreely.
1. Clean the contact surfaces between the wheel and the wheel hub.
2. Lift the wheel into place. Tighten the wheel bolts securely.Do not grease the wheel bolt threads.
3. Lower the vehicle so that the wheel can- not rotate.