tire type VOLVO S90 TWIN ENGINE 2020 Owners Manual

14

Touching up minor paint damage617
Color codes 618
Replacing windshield wiper blades 619
Putting the wiper blades in service position 620
Filling washer fluid 621
SPECIFICATIONS
Type designations624
Dimensions 627
Weights 629
Engine specifications 630
Engine oil specifications 631
Coolant specifications 632
Transmission fluid specifications 632
Brake fluid specifications 632
Fuel tank volume 633
Air conditioning specifications 633
Approved tire pressure 634
INDEX
Index 635

SAFETY
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* Option/accessory.51
and improves the effect of other safety sys- tems such as the airbags. When a critical situation has passed, the seat belt and the electric seat belt tensioner arereset automatically. However, they can also bereset manually.
WARNING
Never attempt to alter or repair the seat belt on your own. Volvo recommends con-tacting an authorized Volvo workshop. If the seat belt has been exposed to extreme forces, e.g. in conjunction with acollision, the entire seat belt must bereplaced. Even if the seat belt appearsundamaged, some of its protective proper-ties may have been lost. Also replace theseat belt if it is worn or damaged. The newseat belt must be type approved andintended for the same seating position asthe replaced seat belt.
Related information

Seat belts (p. 47)
Buckling and unbuckling seat belts (p. 48)
Resetting the electric seat belt tensioners (p. 51)
City Safety
™ (p. 314)
Rear Collision Warning
* (p. 328)
Resetting the electric seat belt tensioners
The electric seat belt tensioners are designed to be reset automatically, but if the seat beltremains taut it can be reset manually.
1. Stop the vehicle in a safe location.
2. Unbuckle the seat belt and then rebuckle it.
> The seat belt and the electric seat belttensioner will be reset.
WARNING
Never attempt to alter or repair the seat belt on your own. Volvo recommends con-tacting an authorized Volvo workshop. If the seat belt has been exposed to extreme forces, e.g. in conjunction with acollision, the entire seat belt must bereplaced. Even if the seat belt appearsundamaged, some of its protective proper-ties may have been lost. Also replace theseat belt if it is worn or damaged. The newseat belt must be type approved andintended for the same seating position asthe replaced seat belt.
Related information
Seat belt tensioners (p. 50)
Seat belts (p. 47)
Door and seat belt reminders
This system is intended to remind occupants to buckle their seat belts and to alert thedriver if a door, hood or other opening (trunk,sunroof, etc.) is open.
Graphics in the instrument panel
Graphics in the instrument panel with various types of warnings. The warning colors for the doors/trunklid vary depending on the vehicle's speed.
The instrument panel graphic shows the seats where seat belts are buckled and not buckled. The same graphic also indicates if the hood, trunk lid, fuel filler door or any door is open. Confirm the graphic by briefly pressing the O
button on the right-side steering wheel key- pad.

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DRIVER SUPPORT
310
CauseAction
Water or snow is spraying/swirling up and blocking the radar signals or the camera's range of visibility. No action. Very wet or snow-covered roads may sometimes prevent the cam-era/radar sensor from functioning.
There is dirt between the inside of the windshield and the cam-era/radar sensor. Consult a workshop to have the area of the windshield on the inside of the cam-era's casing cleaned. An authorized Volvo workshop is recommended.
Bright sunlight. No action. The camera/radar sensor will reset automatically when lighting con-ditions improve.
High temperatures
If the temperature in the passenger compart- ment is very high, the camera/radar sensorwill switch off temporarily forapprox. 15 minutes after the engine is startedto protect its electronic components. Whenthe temperature has cooled sufficiently, thecamera/radar sensor will automatically restart.
Damaged windshield
NOTE
Failure to take action could result in reduced performance for the driver supportsystems that use the camera and radarunit. It could cause functions to bereduced, deactivated completely or to pro-duce an incorrect function response.
To avoid the risk of malfunction of the driver support systems that use the radar sensor, thefollowing also apply:
If there are cracks, scratches or stonechips on the windshield in front of any ofthe camera and radar sensor "windows"and this covers an area ofabout 0.5 × 3.0 mm (0.02 × 0.12 in.) ormore, contact a workshop to have the windshield replaced 50
.
Volvo advises
against repairing cracks,
scratches or stone chips in the area in front of the camera and radar sensor – theentire windshield should instead bereplaced.
Before replacing the windshield, contact a workshop 50
to verify that the right wind-
shield has been ordered and installed.
The same type of windshield wipers or wipers approved by Volvo should be usedfor replacement.
If the windshield is replaced, the cameraand radar sensor must be recalibrated by a workshop 50
to help ensure proper func-
tioning of all of the vehicle's camera and radar-based systems.
Radar
Vehicle speed
The radar sensor's ability to detect a vehicle ahead is significantly reduced if the speed ofthe vehicle ahead differs greatly from yourvehicle's speed.
50 An authorized Volvo workshop is recommended.

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DRIVER SUPPORT
* Option/accessory.
376
NOTE
Dirt, ice and snow covering the sensors reduce their function and can make meas-urement impossible.
Driver responsibilityThe driver should keep in mind that the func- tion is a parking aid ‒ not an infallible fully
automatic system. The driver must always beprepared to take control and cancel a parkingsequence if necessary. There are a number of things to keep in mind when parking, including:
The driver is always responsible for deter-mining if the space suggested by the func- tion is suitable for parking.
Do not use the function when using snow chains or a temporary spare tire.
Do not use the function if there are anyobjects protruding from the vehicle.
Heavy rain or snowfall may inhibit PAP'sability to accurately measure a parkingspace.
While searching and measuring the park-ing space, the function may be unable todetect objects located far into the space.
PAP may not suggest parking spaces onnarrow streets if it does not detect suffi-cient space for maneuvering the vehicle.
Use approved tires 101
inflated to the cor-
rect tire pressure because this affects thefunction's ability to provide parking assis-tance.
The function is based on the way the vehi-cles are parked behind and in front of yourparking space. If they are, for example,parked too close to the curb, there is a riskthat your vehicle's tires or wheel rimscould be damaged by the curb during theparking procedure.
Perpendicular parking spaces may not bedetected or may be suggested unneces-sarily if a parked vehicle is sticking outmore than other parked vehicles.
The function is intended to provide park-ing assistance on straight streets, not sec-tions of street with sharp curves or bends.Always make sure that your vehicle is par-allel to relevant parking spaces when thefunction is measuring the parking space.
Related information

Park Assist Pilot
* (p. 370)
Speed-dependent steering wheel resis-tance (p. 268)
Camera/radar sensor limitations (p. 309)
101
"Approved tires" refers to tires of the same type and make as the vehicle's original, factory-installed tires.

STARTING AND DRIVING
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Driving
Choose the Pure drive mode to help mini-
mize electric power consumption.
Maintain a steady speed and a generous following distance to traffic ahead to mini-mize braking. This drive mode has thelowest power consumption.
Balance energy requirements using theaccelerator pedal. Use the indicator on theinstrument panel to see available electricpower and avoid starting the combustionengine unnecessarily. The electric motor ismore effective than the combustionengine, especially at low speeds.
When braking is necessary, brake gentlyusing the brake pedal. This will helprecharge the hybrid battery. A regenerativefunction is integrated in the brake pedaland can be augmented by the electricmotor's braking capacity when the gearselector is in mode
B.
Higher speeds increase energy consump-tion - air resistance increases with speed.
Activate the
Hold function in the Function
view at high speeds when traveling farther than is possible using the hybrid battery'scapacity.
Whenever possible, avoid using the
Charge function to charge the hybrid bat-
tery. Charging the battery using the com- bustion engine increases fuel consump- tion and carbon dioxide emissions.
In a cold climate, reduce heating of thewindshield/rear window, mirrors, seatsand the steering wheel.
Maintain the correct pressure in the tiresand check pressure regularly.
The type of tires used could affect energyconsumption - consult a retailer for adviceon suitable tires.
Remove unnecessary items from the vehi-cle - the heavier the load, the higher thefuel consumption.
Roof loads increase air resistance andincrease fuel consumption. Remove roofboxes, ski racks, etc. that are not in use.
Avoid driving with the windows open.
Do not keep the vehicle still on an upwardgradient by using the accelerator pedal.Use the brakes instead.
Related information
Drive-E
‒ purer driving pleasure (p. 28)
Energy distribution in hybrid mode using map data
* (p. 424)
Factors affecting electric motor range (p. 429)
Hybrid gauge (p. 83)
Checking tire pressure (p. 527)
Factors affecting electric motor range
A number of factors affect the electric motor's driving range. The ability to achieve along driving range varies according to theoutside conditions and to how the vehicle isdriven.
The certified value for the distance that can be driven using the electric motor should not beconsidered an expected driving range. Theactual range is dependent on a number of fac-tors.
Factors affecting driving rangeThe driver can influence some factors affectingdriving range, but not all. The longest range is achieved under very favorable conditions when all factors positivelyinfluence range.

STARTING AND DRIVING
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432
Preparing for a long trip
It is important to have the vehicle's systems and equipment checked carefully before driv-ing long distances.
Check that
the engine is running properly and that fuel consumption is normal
there are no leaks (fuel, oil or other fluid)
the brake pedal is functioning properly
all lights are working
‒ adjust the head-
light height if the vehicle is carrying aheavy load
tire tread depth and air pressure are atcorrect levels. Change to snow tires whendriving in areas where there is a risk ofsnowy or icy roads
the start battery is sufficiently charged
the wiper blades are in good condition
Related information
Checking tire pressure (p. 527)
Filling washer fluid (p. 621)
Winter driving (p. 432)
Economical driving (p. 428)
Vehicle modem settings (p. 501)
Loading recommendations (p. 558)
Pilot Assist
* (p. 287)
Tire sealing system (p. 542)
Winter driving
It is important to check the vehicle before driving in cold/snowy conditions to makesure it can be driven safely.
Before the cold season arrives: Make sure the engine coolant contains 50% antifreeze. This mixture helps pro-tect the engine from frost erosion down toapprox. –35 °C (–31 °F). Do not mix dif-ferent types of antifreeze as this couldpose a health risk.
Keep the fuel tank well filled to preventcondensation from forming.
Check the viscosity of the engine oil. Oilwith low viscosity (thinner oil) improvescold-weather starting and reduces fuelconsumption when driving with a coldengine.
CAUTION
Low-viscosity oil should not be used with hard driving or in hot weather.
Check the condition and charge level of the start battery. Cold weather placesgreater demands on the start battery andreduces its capacity.
Use washer fluid containing antifreeze tohelp prevent ice from forming in thewasher fluid reservoir.
Slippery driving conditionsTo help optimize traction and roadholding,Volvo recommends using snow tires on allwheels whenever there is a risk of snow or iceon the road.
NOTE
Certain countries require use of winter tires by law. Not all countries permit the use ofstudded tires.
Practice driving on slippery surfaces under controlled conditions to learn how the vehiclereacts.
Related information
Snow tires (p. 541)
Snow chains (p. 541)
Braking on salted roads (p. 406)
Braking on wet roads (p. 405)
Filling washer fluid (p. 621)
Start battery (p. 579)
Replacing windshield wiper blades(p. 619)
Refilling coolant (p. 576)

WHEELS AND TIRES
520
TiresThe function of the tires is to carry loads, pro- vide traction on road surfaces, reduce vibra-tions and protect the wheels from wear.
The tires significantly influence the vehicle's driving characteristics. The type, dimensions,tire pressure and speed rating have a consid-erable impact on how the vehicle performs. Your vehicle is equipped with tires according to the vehicle's tire information placard on theB-pillar (the structural member at the side ofthe vehicle, at the rear of the driver's dooropening).
WARNING
A damaged tire could cause the driver to lose control of the vehicle.
CAUTION
Some Volvo models are equipped with an Ultra High Performance tire and wheelcombination designed to provide maxi-mum dry pavement performance with con-sideration for hydroplaning resistance.They may be more susceptible to road haz-ard damage and, depending on drivingconditions, may achieve a tread life of lessthan 30,000 km (20,000 miles). Even ifthis vehicle is equipped with Volvo'sadvanced AWD or stability system, thesetires are not designed for winter driving,and should be replaced with winter tireswhen weather conditions dictate.
The tires have good road holding characteris- tics and offer good handling on dry and wetsurfaces. It should be noted however that thetires have been developed to give these fea-tures on snow/ice-free surfaces. Most models are equipped with "all-season" tires, which provide a somewhat higherdegree of roadholding on slippery road surfa-ces than tires without the "all-season" rating.However, for optimal roadholding on icy orsnow-covered roads, Volvo recommendssnow tires on all four wheels. When replacing tires, be sure that the newtires are the same size designation, type(radial) and preferably from the same manu-facturer, on all four wheels. Otherwise there isa risk of altering the vehicle's roadholding andhandling characteristics.
Recommended tiresOn delivery, the car is equipped with Volvo original tires that have the VOL
1
marking on
the side of the tires. These tires have been designed specifically for your vehicle. It istherefore important when replacing tires thatthe new tires have this same marking to helpmaintain the vehicle's driving characteristics,comfort and fuel consumption.
New tires
1 This may vary for certain tire dimensions.

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WHEELS AND TIRES
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522
WARNING
The wheel and tire sizes for your Volvo are specified to meet stringent stabilityand handling requirements. Unap-proved wheel/tire size combinationscan negatively affect your vehicle's sta-bility and handling.
Any damage caused by installation ofunapproved wheel/tire size combina-tions will not be covered by your newvehicle warranty. Volvo assumes noresponsibility for death, injury, orexpenses that may result from suchinstallations.
Related information
Checking tire pressure (p. 527)
Tire direction of rotation (p. 522)
Tread wear indicator (p. 523)
Tire pressure monitoring system
*
(p. 529)
Tire sealing system (p. 542)
Uniform Tire Quality Grading (p. 526)
Tire terminology (p. 523)
Tire sidewall designations (p. 524)
Loading recommendations (p. 558)
Tire direction of rotation Tires with tread designed to roll in only one direction are marked with an arrow on thesidewall.
The arrow shows the tire's direction of rotation.
The tire should maintain the same direc- tion of rotation throughout its service life.
Tires should only be moved between thefront and back, never from right to left orvice versa.
Incorrectly mounted tires impair the vehi-cle's braking properties and ability to forceaside rain, snow and slush.
The tires with the most tread shouldalways be mounted on the rear wheels tohelp reduce the risk of skidding.
NOTE
Use tires of the same type, dimensions and make (manufacturer) on each axle.
Related information
Tires (p. 520)

WHEELS AND TIRES
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523
Tread wear indicatorThe tread wear indicator shows the status of the tire's tread.
The tread wear indicator is a narrow elevated strip running across the tire's longitudinaltread grooves. The letters TWI (Tread WearIndicator) are visible on the side of the tire.When approximately 1.6 mm (1/16 inch) is lefton the tread, the tread will be at the sameheight as the tread wear indicator. Replace thetire as soon as possible. Tires with low treadoffer very poor traction in rain or snow.
Related information
Tires (p. 520)
Tire terminology
The following is a glossary of tire-related terms.
The tire suppliers may have additional mark- ings, notes or warnings such as standard load,radial tubeless, etc.
Tire information placard
: A placard
showing the OE (Original Equipment) tiresizes, recommended inflation pressure,and the maximum weight the vehicle cancarry.
Tire Identification Number (TIN)
: A num-
ber on the sidewall of each tire providinginformation about the tire brand and man-ufacturing plant, tire size and date of man-ufacture.
Inflation pressure
: A measure of the
amount of air in a tire.
Standard load
: A class of P-metric or
Metric tires designed to carry a maximumload at 35 psi [37 psi (2.5 bar) for Metrictires]. Increasing the inflation pressurebeyond this pressure will not increase thetires load carrying capability.
Extra load
: A class of P-metric or Metric
tires designed to carry a heavier maximumload at 41 psi [43 psi (2.9 bar) for Metrictires]. Increasing the inflation pressurebeyond this pressure will not increase thetire's load carrying capability.
kPa
: Kilopascal, a metric unit of air pres-
sure.
PSI
: Pounds per square inch, a standard
unit of air pressure.
B-pillar
: The structural member at the
side of the vehicle behind the front door.
Bead area of the tire
: Area of the tire next
to the rim.
Sidewall of the tire
: Area between the
bead area and the tread.
Tread area of the tire
: Area of the perime-
ter of the tire that contacts the road whenmounted on the vehicle.
Rim
: The metal support (wheel) for a tire
or a tire and tube assembly upon whichthe tire beads are seated.
Maximum load rating
: a figure indicating
the maximum load in pounds and kilo-grams that can be carried by the tire. Thisrating is established by the tire manufac-turer.
Maximum permissible inflationpressure
: the greatest amount of air pres-
sure that should ever be put in the tire.This limit is set by the tire manufacturer.
Recommended tire inflation pressure
:
inflation pressure, established by Volvo,which is based on the type of tires that aremounted on a vehicle at the factory. Thisinformation can be found on the tire infla-

WHEELS AND TIRES
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541
Snow tires
Snow tires are designed for winter driving conditions.
Volvo recommends snow tires with specific dimensions. The tire dimensions vary depend-ing on engine type. When driving with snowtires, the correct type of tires must be moun-ted on all four wheels.
NOTE
Contact a Volvo dealer for advice on the best choice of rims and tires.
Tips for changing snow tiresWhen switching between regular tires and snow tires, mark the tires according to whichside they were mounted on, e.g. L for left and
R for right.
Studded tiresStudded tires should be broken in by driving500–1000 km (300–600 miles) slowly andgently to help the studs settle properly in thetires. This gives the tire, and especially thestuds, a longer service life.
NOTE
Regulations regarding the use of studded tires vary from country to country.
Tread depthRoad conditions with ice, slush and low tem- peratures place considerably higher demandson tires than summer conditions. Volvo there-fore recommends not driving on snow tiresthat have a tread depth of less than 4 mm(0.15 inch).
Related information
When changing wheels (p. 534)
Winter driving (p. 432)
Tread wear indicator (p. 523)
Snow chains
Using snow chains and/or snow tires can help improve traction in winter driving condi-tions.
Volvo does not recommend use of snow chains on wheel dimensions larger than18 inches.
WARNING
Use Volvo genuine snow chains or equiva- lent snow chains that are suitable for thevehicle model and the tire and wheel sizes.Only one-sided snow chains are permit-
ted. If uncertain about snow chains, Volvo rec- ommends contacting an authorized Volvoworkshop. Use of the wrong snow chainscould cause serious damage to the vehicleand result in an accident.