trailer VOLVO XC90 2018 Owner´s Manual

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DRIVER SUPPORT
* Option/accessory.
394
Parallel parking
Overview of parallel parking.
The PAP function parks the vehicle using the fol- lowing steps:
1. The system searches for and measures
potential parking spaces.
2. The vehicle is steered while it is backing into the parking space.
3. The vehicle's position in the space is adjusted by driving forward/backward.
The
Park Out function can be used to receive
assistance from PAP while pulling out of a park- ing space. See the heading "Pulling out of aparking space" under "Parking with Park AssistPilot".
Perpendicular parking
Perpendicular parking overview.
The PAP function parks the vehicle using the fol- lowing steps:
1. The system searches for and measures potential parking spaces.
2. The vehicle is steered while it is backing into the space and its position is adjusted by driv-ing forward/backward.
NOTE
The PAP function Park Out cannot help the
vehicle leave a perpendicular parking space – the function should only be used for parallelparking.
Related information
• Park Assist Pilot
* (p. 393)
Parking with Park Assist Pilot Park Assist Pilot (PAP 126
) helps the driver park
using three different steps. The function can also help the driver pull out of a parking space.
NOTE
The PAP function measures the space and steers the vehicle – the driver's role is to:
• keep close watch of the area around thevehicle
• follow the instructions on the center dis-play
• change gears (reverse/forward) – a"ping" sound indicates when the drivershould change gears
• regulate and maintain a safe speed
• apply the brakes and stop.
Information about the actions required by the driver are provided in the center display usingsymbols, graphics and/or text. PAP can be activated if the following criteria have been met after the engine is started: •
No trailer is hitched to the vehicle
• Your vehicle's speed is lower than 30 km/h (20 mph).

STARTING AND DRIVING
414
Parking on a hill
Always use the parking brake when parking on a hill.
WARNING
Always apply the parking brake when parking on an incline. Selecting a gear or putting the automatic transmission in P may not be suffi-
cient to keep the vehicle stationary in all sit- uations.
If the vehicle is pointing uphill: • Turn the front wheels so they are pointing away from
the curb.
If the vehicle is pointing downhill:
• Turn the front wheels so they are pointingtoward
the curb.
Heavy load uphill
Heavy loads, such as a trailer, could cause the vehicle to roll backward when the parking brakeis released automatically on steep uphill gradi-ents. To help avoid this, pull the control upwardwhile you are driving away. Release the controlwhen the vehicle gains traction.
Related information
•Activating and deactivating the parking brake(p. 412)
Parking brake malfunction
If you are unable to deactivate or activate the parking brake after several attempts, contact anauthorized Volvo workshop.
A audible warning signal will sound if the parking brake is applied while the vehicle is being driven. If the vehicle must be parked before the problem is rectified, turn the wheels as when parking on an incline and put the gear selector in P.
Low battery charge levelIf the battery charge level is too low, it will not be possible to apply or release the parking brake.Connect an auxiliary battery to the vehicle if thebattery is discharged.
Replacing brake padsDue to the design of the electric parking brake,the rear brake pads must be replaced by a work-shop. An authorized Volvo workshop is recom-mended.
Symbols in the instrument panel
SymbolMeaning
A
B A flashing symbol indicates that a fault has been detected. See themessage in the instrument panel.
A
B
Fault in the brake system. See the message in the instrument panel.
Information message in the instru- ment panel.
A
Canadian models.
B US models.

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424
ECO
•Adapt the vehicle for more fuel-efficient and eco-friendly driving with Eco mode.
In this mode, the Start/Stop function is activated,the ground clearance is lower to reduce air resis-tance and certain climate settings are reduced. The instrument panel has an ECO gauge to facili- tate fuel-efficient driving.
OFF ROAD
• Maximizes the vehicle's ability to traverse dif- ficult terrain or poor roads.
In this mode, ground clearance is high, steering islight, and all-wheel drive and Hill Descent Controlare activated. The Start/Stop function is deacti-vated. This mode can only be activated at low speeds. The permitted speed range will be shown in thespeedometer. If this speed is exceeded, Off roadmode will be deactivated and another drive modeactivated. In Off road mode, a compass will be displayed between the speedometer and the tachometer inthe instrument panel.
NOTE
This drive mode is not designed to be used for normal street driving.
NOTE
Due to the increased ground clearance, if the OFF ROAD mode was selected when theengine was switched off, the suspension willlower when the engine is restarted.
CAUTION
Do not use the OFF ROAD drive mode when towing a trailer without an electrical connec-tion. This could result in damage to the pneu-matic suspension system's bellows.
DYNAMIC
• Dynamic mode is designed to provide sport- ier driving characteristics and a faster accel-eration response.
Gear shifting will be faster and more distinct andthe transmission will prioritize gears with a highertraction force. Steering response is faster, suspension is stiffer and ground clearance is lower to help reducebody roll when cornering. The Start/Stop function is deactivated.
INDIVIDUAL
• Customizes drive mode to personal preferen- ces. Select one of the drive modes as a basis andadjust the settings to achieve your preferred driv-ing characteristics. These settings will be storedin your driver profile. Individual drive mode is only available if it has been activated in the center display.Settings view
3
for Individual drive mode.
1. Tap Settings in the Top view.
3
The image is schematic and the details may vary depending on vehicle model or software update.

STARTING AND DRIVING
430
Temporarily deactivating the Start/Stop function
In certain situations, it may be advisable to tem- porarily turn the Start/Stop function off.
To turn off Start/Stop, tap theStart/Stop function button in
the center display's Function view. The indicator light in thebutton will go out when thefunction has been turned off.
The function will remain turned off until:
• it is reactivated
• the drive mode is changed to Eco or Comfort
• the engine is restarted.
Related information
•
Driving with the Start/Stop function (p. 428)
• Conditions for the Start/Stop function (p. 430)
Conditions for the Start/Stopfunction Certain conditions must be met for Start/Stop to function.
If any condition is not met, this will be indicated in the instrument panel.
The engine does not auto-stopThe engine will not auto-stop if: •
the vehicle has not reached a speed of ca 10 km/h (6 mph) after starting.
• after several auto-stops, the speed mustagain exceed approximately ca 10 km/h(6 mph) before the next auto-stop.
• the driver's seat belt is unbuckled.
• the start battery's charge is below the mini-mum level.
• the engine is not running at its normal oper-ating temperature.
• the ambient temperature is under approxi-mately -5 °C (23 °F) or over approximately30 °C (86 °F).
• windshield heating is activated.
• the climate system settings and the actualclimate in the passenger compartment differ.
• the vehicle is backing up.
• the start battery's temperature is above orbelow the permitted limits.
• the driver is turning the steering wheel hard. •
the road gradient is very steep.
• the hood is open.
• driving at high altitude and the engine hasnot reached its normal operating tempera-ture.
• ABS has been activated.
• hard braking (even if the ABS system hasnot been activated).
• many starts during a short period of timehave triggered the starter motor's overheat-ing protection.
• a trailer's electrical system is connected tothe vehicle's electrical system.
• the transmission is not running at its normaloperating temperature.
• The gear selector is in mode
M (±).
The engine does not auto-startThe engine will not auto-start after an auto-stopif: • the driver is not wearing a seat belt, the gear selector is in the
P position and the driver's
door is open. The engine must be started normally.
The engine auto-starts while the brake
pedal is depressed
In the following situations, the engine will auto-start even if the brake pedal is depressed:

STARTING AND DRIVING
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* Option/accessory.435
Leveling control settings *
The vehicle can be lowered or raised to make it easier to load or for passengers to get in andout. Turn off leveling control before lifting the vehicle with a jack to help avoid problems with thepneumatic suspension.
Adjusting loading mode
Use the buttons in the cargo compartment to raise or lower the rear section of the vehicle tofacilitate loading or unloading the vehicle or con-necting or disconnecting a trailer.
Center display settings
Easy Entry and Exit Suspension Control
The vehicle can be lowered to make it easier to get in and out. Activating easy entry in the center display: 1.
Tap
Settings in the Top view.
2. Tap
My CarMirrors and Convenience.
3. Select
Easy Entry and Exit Suspension
Control.
> When the vehicle is parked and the engine is turned off, the level is lowered. (Level adjustment will stop if a side dooris opened and will resume after a slightdelay when the door has been closed.)When the engine is started and the vehi-cle begins to move, the level will be raisedto the height set by the selected drivemode.
Disable Leveling Control
In certain situations, this function must be turned off, e.g. before the vehicle is raised using a jack *.
The level difference caused by raising the vehicle with a jack could cause problems with the pneu-matic suspension. Turning off the function in the center display:1. Tap
Settings in the Top view.
2. Tap
My CarParking Brake and
Suspension.
3. Select
Disable Leveling Control.
Related information
• Leveling control
* and suspension (p. 432)
• Loading recommendations (p. 564)
Low Speed Control
*
The low-speed function, Low Speed Control (LSC), facilitates and improves control and trac-tion on rough roads and slippery surfaces, e.g.when towing a trailer on grass or up boat ramps. In vehicles equipped with drive mode control *,
the function is included in the Off Road drive mode.
Low Speed Control is designed for driving on rough roads and when towing trailers at lowspeeds, up to approximately 40 km/h (25 mph). When driving at low speeds, LSC prioritizes low gears and all-wheel drive to help avoid wheel spinand improve traction on all wheels. The accelera-tor pedal will be less responsive to improve trac-tion and speed control at low speeds. The function is activated together with Hill Descent Control (HDC), which makes it possibleto control speed going down steep hills using theaccelerator pedal and reduces the need to usethe brake pedal. The system makes it possible tomaintain a low and uniform speed when drivingdown steep hills.

STARTING AND DRIVING
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439
•
Fuel consumption is increased at high speeds - air resistance increases with speed.
• Remove unnecessary items from the vehicle- the heavier the load, the higher the fuelconsumption.
• Maintain the correct pressure in the tires andcheck pressure regularly.
• The type of tires used could affect fuel con-sumption - consult a retailer for advice onsuitable tires.
• Do not use winter tires after the winter sea-son has ended.
• Roof loads increase air resistance andincrease fuel consumption. Remove roofboxes, ski racks, etc. that are not in use.
• Avoid driving with the windows open.
• Using the trip computer's fuel consumptionindicators can help you learn how to drivemore economically.
Other factors that decrease fuel
consumption
• Dirty air cleaner.
• Dirty engine oil and clogged oil filter.
• Incorrect front-end alignment.
• Incorrect wheel alignment.
Some of the above items and others are checked as part of Volvo's standard maintenance sched-ule.
Related information
• Drive-E
‒ purer driving pleasure (p. 27)
• ECO drive mode (p. 426)
• Checking tire pressure (p. 535)
Preparing for a long trip
It is important to have the vehicle's systems and equipment checked carefully before driving longdistances.
Check that:
• the engine is running properly and that fuel consumption is normal
• there are no leaks (fuel, oil or other fluid)
• the brake pedal is functioning optimally
• all lights are working
‒
adjust the headlight
height if the vehicle is carrying a heavy load
• tire tread depth and air pressure are at cor-rect levels. Change to snow tires when driv-ing in areas where there is a risk of snowy oricy roads.
• the start battery is sufficiently charged
• the wiper blades are in good condition
Related information
• Checking tire pressure (p. 535)
• Filling washer fluid (p. 632)
• Winter driving (p. 440)
• Economical driving (p. 438)
• Vehicle modem settings (p. 511)
• Loading recommendations (p. 564)
• Driving with a trailer (p. 449)
• Pilot Assist (p. 309)

STARTING AND DRIVING
* Option/accessory.441
Driving through standing water
Driving the vehicle through a deep pool of stand- ing water on a water-covered roadway is calledfording. This must be done with great caution.
The vehicle can be driven through water up to a depth of 45 cm (17.7 in) at no more than walkingspeed. Be particularly careful when drivingthrough flowing water. When driving through standing water, drive slowly and do not stop the vehicle. When you havepassed the water, press lightly on the brake pedaland check that the brakes are functioning prop-erly. Water, mud, slush, etc. can make the brakelinings slippery, resulting in delayed brakingeffect.
• If the vehicle is equipped with contacts for anelectric heater or trailer coupling, clean theseafter driving in water or mud.
• Do not allow the vehicle to stand in water upto the sills any longer than absolutely neces-sary. This could result in electrical malfunc-tions.
CAUTION
•Engine damage could occur if water enters the air cleaner.
• If water enters the transmission, the lubri-cating ability of the oils is reduced andthe service life of these systems is short-ened.
• Damage to any component, engine,transmission, turbocharger, differential orits internal components caused by flood-ing, vapor lock or insufficient oil is notcovered under warranty.
• If the engine stalls while the vehicle is inwater, do not attempt to restart it. Havethe vehicle towed out of the water to aworkshop. An authorized Volvo workshopis recommended. Risk of engine failure.
Related information
• Recovery (p. 455)
• Low Speed Control
* (p. 435)
Opening/closing the fuel filler door The vehicle must be unlocked before the fuel filler door can be opened 5
.
An arrow next to the fuel pump symbol in the instrument panelindicates the side of the vehicleon which the fuel filler door islocated.
1. Open the fuel filler door by pressing lightly
on its rear edge.
2. After refueling, press the fuel filler door lightly to close it.
Related information
• Refueling (p. 442)
5
Only locking and unlocking using the remote key, Passive Entry or Volvo On Call will affect the status of the fuel filler door.

STARTING AND DRIVING
445
WARNING
Carbon monoxide is a poisonous, colorless, and odorless gas. It is present in all exhaustgases. If you ever smell exhaust fumes insidethe vehicle, make sure the passenger com-partment is ventilated, and immediately returnthe vehicle to a trained and qualified Volvoservice technician for correction.
Demanding drivingIn demanding driving conditions, e.g. when driving in a hot climates, driving with a trailer or drivingfor longer periods at higher altitudes (mountainlandscapes) than normal, it is recommended switching to a higher octane fuel than AKI 916
or
changing gasoline brand to take full advantage of your car's engine capacity and obtain the opti-mum driving force.
Related information
• Fuel (p. 442)
• Emission controls (p. 445)
Emission controls
Three-way catalytic converter
•Keep your engine properly tuned. Certain engine malfunctions, particularly involving theelectrical, fuel or distributor ignition systems,may cause unusually high three-way catalyticconverter temperatures. Do not continue tooperate your vehicle if you detect enginemisfire, noticeable loss of power or otherunusual operating conditions, such as engineoverheating or backfiring. A properly tunedengine will help avoid malfunctions thatcould damage the three-way catalytic con-verter.
• Do not park your vehicle over combustiblematerials, such as grass or leaves, which cancome into contact with the hot exhaust sys-tem and cause such materials to ignite undercertain wind and weather conditions.
• Excessive starter cranking (in excess of oneminute), or an intermittently firing or floodedengine can cause three-way catalytic con-verter or exhaust system overheating.
• Remember that tampering or unauthorizedmodifications to the engine, the Engine Con-trol Module, or the vehicle may be illegal andcan cause three-way catalytic converter orexhaust system overheating. This includes:altering fuel injection settings or compo-nents, altering emission system components or location or removing components, and/orrepeated use of leaded fuel.NOTE
Unleaded fuel is required for vehicles with three-way catalytic converters.
Heated oxygen sensorsThe heated oxygen sensors monitor the oxygen content of the exhaust gases. Readings are fedinto a control module that continuously monitorsengine functions and controls fuel injection. Theratio of fuel to air into the engine is continuouslyadjusted for efficient combustion to help reduceharmful emissions.
Related information
•
Octane rating (p. 443)
• Fuel (p. 442)
6
AKI (Anti Knock Index) is an average value of RON (Research Octane Number) and MON (Motor Octane Number) - (RON)+(MON)/2

STARTING AND DRIVING
* Option/accessory.
446
Overheating of engine andtransmission
In demanding driving conditions, such as driving in mountainous areas or hot weather, there is arisk of the engine or transmission overheating,especially when carrying heavy loads.
• Engine power may be temporarily limited.
• Remove any auxiliary lights mounted in front of the grille when driving in hot weather.
• If the temperature in the engine's coolingsystem becomes too high, a warning symbolwill appear in the instrument panel along with the message
Engine temperature High
temperature Stop safely. Pull over to a
safe location and let the engine idle for a few minutes to cool down.
• If the message
Engine temperature High
temperature Turn off engine or Engine
coolant Level low, turn off engine is dis-
played, stop the vehicle and turn off the engine.
• If the transmission begins to overheat, analternative gear shifting program will beselected. An integrated protective functionwill also be activated, the warning symbol will illuminate and the message
Transmission
warm Reduce speed to lower
temperature or Transmission hot Stop
safely, wait for cooling will be displayed in
the instrument panel. Follow the recommen- dations given by reducing speed or stopping the vehicle safely and letting the engine idle for a few minutes to let the transmissioncool.
• If the vehicle begins to overheat, the air con-ditioning may be temporarily switched off.
• After a prolonged period of driving indemanding conditions, do not turn off theengine immediately after stopping.
NOTE
It is normal for the engine's cooling fan to operate for a short time after the engine isswitched off.
Symbols in the instrument panel
SymbolMeaning
High engine temperature. Follow the recommendations provided.
Low coolant level. Follow the rec- ommendations provided.
Transmission hot/overheated/cool- ing. Follow the recommendationsprovided.
Related information
• Refilling coolant (p. 590)
• Driving with a trailer (p. 449)
• Preparing for a long trip (p. 439)
• Gear indicator
* (p. 422)

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STARTING AND DRIVING
* Option/accessory.
448 11. Start the engine of the vehicle with the dead
battery.
CAUTION
Do not touch the connections between the cable and the vehicle during the start attempt.Risk of sparking.
12. Remove the jumper cables in the reverse
order ‒ first the black cables and then the
red cables. Make sure that none of the clamps of the black jumper cables come into contact witheither vehicle's positive (+) jump start termi-nals or either of the red jumper cable's con-nected clamps.
WARNING
PROPOSITION 65 WARNING! Battery posts,
terminals, and related accessories contain lead and lead compounds, chemicals knownto the state of California to cause cancer andreproductive harm. Wash hands after han-dling.
WARNING
• Batteries generate hydrogen gas, which is flammable and explosive.
• Do not connect the jumper cable to anypart of the fuel system or to any movingparts. Avoid touching hot manifolds.
• Battery fluid contains sulfuric acid. Do notallow battery fluid to contact eyes, skin,fabrics or painted surfaces.
• If contact occurs, flush the affected areaimmediately with water. Obtain medicalhelp immediately if eyes are affected.
• Never expose the battery to open flameor electric spark. Do not smoke near thebattery. Failure to follow the instructionsfor jump starting can lead to injury.
Related information
• Starting the vehicle (p. 404)
• Ignition modes (p. 407)
• Adjusting the steering wheel (p. 203)
• Selecting ignition mode (p. 408)
Detachable towbar
*
Volvo recommends the use of Volvo towbars that are specially designed for the vehicle.
NOTE
The optional detachable trailer hitch may not be available in all markets or on all models.Consult your Volvo retailer.
Ball holder
Cotter pin
Towbar assembly
Locking bolt
Safety wire attachment bracket