fuel pressure VOLVO XC90 T8 2016 Owner´s Manual

11
SPECIFICATIONS
Label information520
Dimensions 523
Weights 525
Air conditioning refrigerant 527
Hybrid battery specifications 527
Brake fluid specification and volume 528
Coolant specifications and volumes 528
Engine specifications 529
Engine oil specifications and volume 530
Fuel tank volume 530
Tire inflation pressure table 531
Transmission fluid specification and volume 532
INDEX
Index 533

INTRODUCTION
20
Volvo and the environment Volvo is committed to the well-being of its cus- tomers. As a natural part of this commitment, wecare about the environment in which we all live.Concern for the environment means an everydayinvolvement in reducing our environmentalimpact.
Volvo's environmental activities are based on a holistic view, which means we consider the over-all environmental impact of a product throughoutits complete life cycle. In this context, design, pro-duction, product use, and recycling are all impor-tant considerations. In production, Volvo haspartly or completely phased out several chemicalsincluding CFCs, lead chromates, asbestos, andcadmium; and reduced the number of chemicalsused in our plants 50% since 1991. Volvo was the first in the world to introduce into production a three-way catalytic converter with aLambda sond, now called the heated oxygen sen-sor, in 1976. The current version of this highlyefficient system reduces emissions of harmfulsubstances (CO, HC, NOx) from the exhaust pipeby approximately 95 – 99% and the search toeliminate the remaining emissions continues.Volvo is the only automobile manufacturer tooffer CFC-free retrofit kits for the air conditioningsystem of all models as far back as the 1975model 240. Advanced electronic engine controlsand cleaner fuels are bringing us closer to ourgoal. In addition to continuous environmentalrefinement of conventional gasoline-poweredinternal combustion engines, Volvo is activelylooking at advanced technology alternative-fuelvehicles. When you drive a Volvo, you become our partner in the work to lessen the car's impact on theenvironment. To reduce your vehicle's environ-mental impact, you can:
• Maintain proper air pressure in your tires. Tests have shown decreased fuel economywith improperly inflated tires.
• Follow the recommended maintenanceschedule in your Warranty and ServiceRecords Information booklet.
• Drive at a constant speed whenever possible.
• See a trained and qualified Volvo servicetechnician as soon as possible for inspectionif the check engine (malfunction indicator)light illuminates, or stays on after the vehiclehas started.
• Properly dispose of any vehicle-related wastesuch as used motor oil, used batteries, brakepads, etc.
• When cleaning your vehicle, please use gen-uine Volvo car care products. All Volvo carcare products are formulated to be environ-mentally friendly.
Volvo XC90 T8 Twin Engine Plug-in Hybrid
• If possible, precondition the vehicle with the charging cable before driving.
• If preconditioning is not possible in coldweather, use the seat and steering wheelheating primarily. Avoid heating the entirepassenger compartment, which reduces thehybrid battery's charge level.
• Choose the
Pure drive mode to help mini-
mize electric power consumption.
• In hilly terrain, put the gear selector in mode B
to utilize the electric motor's braking func-
tion when the accelerator pedal is released. This helps charge the hybrid battery.
• Select the
Save drive mode for higher
speeds when driving farther than is possible using the electric motor only.
Related information
• Driving economically (p. 355)

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INSTRUMENTS AND CONTROLS
138
SymbolMeaning
A
B
Parking brake This symbol flashes while the parking brake is being applied andthen glows steadily when theparking brake has been set. If the symbol flashes in any other situation, this indicates a fault. Seethe text message in the instru-ment panel.
SymbolMeaning
Oil pressure If the symbol illuminates during driving, stop the vehicle, theengine oil level is too low. Stop theengine immediately and check theengine oil level. Add oil if neces-sary. If the oil level is normal andthe symbol remains illuminated,have the vehicle towed to thenearest authorized Volvo work-shop or trained and qualified Volvoservice technician.
Generator not charging This symbol illuminates during driving if a fault has occurred inthe electrical system. Contact anauthorized Volvo workshop ortrained and qualified Volvo servicetechnician.
AUS models
B Canadian models
WARNING
• If the fluid level is below the
MIN mark in
the brake fluid reservoir or if a warning message is displayed in the text window: DO NOT DRIVE . Have the vehicle towed
to a trained and qualified Volvo service technician and have the brake systeminspected.
• If the
BRAKE and ABS symbols illumi-
nate at the same time, there is a risk ofreduced vehicle stability.
Door/hood/tailgate/fuel filler door reminder
It a door, tailgate, the hood or the fuel filler door are not closed properly, the information or warn-ing symbol will illuminate and a graphic will bedisplayed in the instrument panel.
Related information
• Instrument panel (p. 127)
• Indicator symbols in the instrument panel (p. 125)

STARTING AND DRIVING
* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.
346
Starting and driving
The vehicle is equipped with an automatic trans- mission that also makes it possible to shift gearsmanually. Certain functions can also be used when the engine is not running, depending on the ignitionmode being used.
Related information
• Starting the engine (p. 372)
• Ignition modes (p. 370)
• Automatic transmission (p. 395)
• Opening/closing the fuel filler door (p. 363)
• Parking brake (p. 352)
Brakes The brake system is a hydraulic system consist- ing of two separate brake circuits. If a problemshould occur in one of these circuits, it is stillpossible to stop the vehicle with the other brakecircuit.
Brake systemIf one of the brake circuits is not functioning, more pressure will be needed on the brake pedal(and the pedal will go down farther) for normalbraking effect. If the brake pedal must be depressed farther than normal and requires greater foot pressure,the stopping distance will be longer. Pressure on the brake pedal is enhanced by the power braking function.
WARNING
If vehicle does not have electrical current and both the electric motor and gasoline engineare switched off, the brakes cannot be usedto stop the vehicle.
When the Hill Start Assist function is being used, it will take slightly longer for the brake pedal toreturn to its normal position if the vehicle isparked on an incline or uneven surface. When driving in very hilly areas or if the vehicle is carrying a heavy load, using brake mode B to augment the brakes or the
Off Road* drive mode can also be used to increase the engine braking effect at low speeds.
Anti-lock Braking System
ABS
The ABS system helps to improve vehicle control (stopping and steering) during severe brakingconditions by limiting brake lockup. When ABS is operating, there may be some vibration in the brake pedal, which is normal. The system performs a brief self-diagnostic test when the engine has been started and driverreleases the brake pedal. Another automatic testmay be performed when the vehicle first reachesa speed of approximately 6 mph (10 km/h). Thebrake pedal will pulsate several times and asound may be audible from the ABS controlmodule, which is normal.
Function check when the engine is
started
A Plug-in Hybrid is equipped with a "brake bywire" brake system. A function check is per-formed each time the engine is started and thedriver depresses the brake pedal to move the gear selector from P.
In certain cases, a message may appear in the instrument panel saying that pressure on thebrake pedal is too low. Press harder on the pedal.
Light braking charges the hybrid batteryWhen the brakes are applied lightly, the electricmotor's braking function is used, which converts

STARTING AND DRIVING
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363
Use of AdditivesWith the exception of gas line antifreeze during winter months, do not add solvents, thickeners, orother store-bought additives to your vehicle'sfuel, cooling, or lubricating systems. Overuse maydamage your engine, and some of these additivescontain organically volatile chemicals. Do notneedlessly expose yourself to these chemicals.
WARNING
Never carry a cell phone that is switched on
while refueling your vehicle. If the phone rings, this may cause a spark that could ignite gaso-line fumes, resulting in fire and injury.
WARNING
Carbon monoxide is a poisonous, colorless, and odorless gas. It is present in all exhaustgases. If you ever smell exhaust fumes insidethe vehicle, make sure the passenger com-partment is ventilated, and immediately returnthe vehicle to a trained and qualified Volvoservice technician for correction.
Related information
• Fuel (p. 361)
Opening/closing the fuel filler door The fuel tank has a filling system that does not have a cover.
Opening/closing the fuel filler doorAn arrow next to the fuel pump symbol in the instrument panelindicates the side of the vehiclewhere the fuel filler door islocated.
1. Press the button on the lighting panel.
> Pressure equalization in the fuel tank cau-ses a slight delay before the fuel filler door opens.
Fuel tank Fuel lid is
opening will be displayed in the instru-
ment panel, followed by Fuel tank Ready
for refueling.
2. After refueling, close the fuel filler door by pressing lightly.

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STARTING AND DRIVING
392
SAVE
This mode makes it possible to save electrical energy (hybrid battery charge) for times whenusing the electric motor is more suitable (e.g., citydriving). Using the electric motor only saves more fuel at low speeds than at high ones. Therefore, use theSAVE mode primarily when the hybrid battery'scharge level is high and driving will initially be athighway speeds but will end with city drivingwhen electric driving is preferable. If the hybrid battery's charge level is low when this mode is selected, the gasoline engine willstart and charge the hybrid battery up to approx.33%. If the battery's charge level is already above33%, this level will be maintained by the enginemanagement system, which will start/stop the gasoline engine in the same way as in
Hybriddrive mode. This mode increases fuel consumption because the gasoline engine is used to conserve batterycharge for later use.
OFF ROAD
This mode helps maximize the vehicle's capacity to traverse difficult terrain or poor roads. In OFF ROAD, ground clearance is maximized, the steering is light, All Wheel Drive and HillDescent Control are activated and a compassand altimeter will be displayed in the instrumentpanel.This drive mode can only be activated at lowspeeds (the permissible speed range will beshown on the speedometer). At higher speeds,OFF ROAD mode will be cancelled and AWD willbe activated. This mode is not intended for normal street driv- ing.
CAUTION
OFF ROAD drive mode may not be used if the vehicle is towing a trailer without an elec-trical connection. This could result in damageto the pneumatic suspension system's bel-lows.
Due to the increased ground clearance, if the OFF ROAD mode was selected when the enginewas switched off, it will also restart in this mode.
AWD
This mode offers improved traction using four- wheel drive and is intended primarily for low-speed driving on slippery surfaces. However, italso helps increase directional stability at higherspeeds. In this mode, both the electric motor and the gas- oline engine are used continuously, which resultsin higher fuel consumption.
POWER
Power mode is intended for sportier, more active
driving. This mode maximizes the combined effects of the electric motor and the gasoline engine andprovides power to all four wheels. Response topressure on the accelerator pedal is more imme-diate and the transmission shifts up at higherspeeds. Steering response is also more immedi-ate, the suspension is stiffer and lower groundclearance reduces body roll when cornering. In this mode, both the electric motor and the gas- oline engine are used continuously, which resultsin higher fuel consumption.

WHEELS AND TIRES
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449
Tread wear indicatorThe tires have wear indicator strips running across or parallel to the tread.
The letters TWI are printed on the side of the tire. When approximately 1/16" (1.6 mm) is left onthe tread, these strips become visible and indi-cate that the tire should be replaced. Tires withless than 1/16" (1.6 mm) tread offer very poortraction. When replacing worn tires, it is recommended that the tire be identical in type (radial) and sizeas the one being replaced. Using a tire of thesame make (manufacturer) will help preventalteration of the driving characteristics of thevehicle.
Related information
• Tire direction of rotation (p. 448)
• Checking tire inflation pressure (p. 451)
Loading specifications Properly loading your vehicle will provide maxi- mum return of vehicle design performance.
Weight designations
Before loading your vehicle, familiarize yourself with the following terms for determining yourvehicle's weight ratings, with or without a trailer,from the vehicle's Federal/Canadian Motor Vehi-cle Safety Standards (FMVSS/CMVSS) label, andthe vehicle's tire information placard:
Curb weight
The weight of the vehicle including a full tank of fuel and all standard equipment. It does notinclude passengers, cargo, or optional equipment.
Capacity weight
All weight added to the curb weight, including cargo and optional equipment. When towing,trailer hitch tongue load is also part of cargoweight.
Permissible axle weight
The maximum allowable weight that can be car- ried by a single axle (front or rear). These num-bers are shown on the Federal/Canadian MotorVehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS/CMVSS) label.The total load on each axle must never exceed itsmaximum permissible weight.
Gross vehicle weight (GVW)
The vehicle's curb weight + cargo + passengers.
Steps for Determining Correct Load Limit
1. Locate the statement "the combined weight
of occupants and cargo should never exceed XXX kg or XXX lbs." on your vehicle's plac-ard.
2. Determine the combined weight of the driver and passengers that will be riding in yourvehicle.
3. Subtract the combined weight of the driver and passengers from XXX kg or XXX lbs.
4. The resulting figure equals the available amount of cargo and luggage load capacity.For example, if the "XXX" amount equals1400 lbs. and there will be five 150 lb. pas-sengers in your vehicle, the amount of availa-ble cargo and luggage load capacity is650 lbs. (1400 – 750 (5 × 150) = 650 lbs.)
5. Determine the combined weight of luggage and cargo being loaded on the vehicle. Thatweight may not safely exceed the availablecargo and luggage load capacity calculatedin Step 4.
6. If your vehicle will be towing a trailer, load from your trailer will be transferred to yourvehicle. Consult this manual to determinehow this reduces the available cargo and lug-gage load capacity of your vehicle.

WHEELS AND TIRES
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451
Snow tires and chains
The use of snow chains and/or winter tires can help improve traction in winter driving conditions.
Snow chains can be used on your Volvo with the following restrictions:
• Snow chains should be installed on front wheels only. Use only Volvo approved snowchains.
• If accessory, aftermarket or "custom" tiresand wheels are installed and are of a size dif-ferent than the original tires and wheels,chains in some cases CANNOT be used.Sufficient clearances between chains andbrakes, suspension and body componentsmust be maintained.
• Some strap-on type chains will interfere withbrake components and therefore CANNOTbe used.
• All Wheel Drive models
: Snow chains
should only be installed on the front wheels.
• Certain size tires may not allow the assemblyof snow chains/traction devices.
Consult your Volvo retailer for additional snow chain information.
CAUTION
• Snow chains should not be used on wheels larger than 19".
• Always follow the chain manufacturer'sinstallation instructions carefully. Installchains as tightly as possible andretighten periodically.
• Check local regulations regarding the useof snow chains before installing.
• Use single-sided snow chains only.
• Never exceed the chain manufacturer'sspecified maximum speed limit. (Underno circumstances should you exceed31 mph (50 km/h).
• Avoid bumps, holes or sharp turns whendriving with snow chains.
• The handling of the vehicle can beadversely affected when driving withchains. Avoid fast or sharp turns as wellas locked wheel braking.
Checking tire inflation pressure
Correct tire inflation pressure helps improve driv- ing stability, save fuel and increase the servicelife of the tires.
WARNING
• Under-inflation is the most common cause of tire failure and may result insevere tire cracking, tread separation, or"blow-out," with unexpected loss of vehi-cle control and increased risk of injury.
• Under-inflated tires reduce the load car-rying capacity of your vehicle.
Cold tiresInflation pressure should be checked when the tires are cold. The tires are considered to be cold when they have the same temperature as the sur-rounding (ambient) air. This temperature is normally reached after the vehicle has been parked for at least 3 hours. After driving a distance of approximately 1 mile (1.6 km), the tires are considered to be hot. If youhave to drive farther than this distance to pumpyour tire(s), check and record the tire pressurefirst and add the appropriate air pressure whenyou get to the pump. When weather temperature changes occur, tire inflation pressures also change. A 10-degree

WHEELS AND TIRES
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457
Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) TPMS provides a warning if inflation pressure in one or more tires is too low. It also uses a sym-bol (called a telltale) that will flash for60 seconds and then glow steadily if there is asystem malfunction.
TPMS uses sensors mounted in the tire valves to check inflation pressure levels. When the vehicleis moving at a speed of approximately 20 mph(30 km/h) or faster, these sensors transmit infla-tion pressure data to a receiver located in thevehicle. If inflation pressure is too low, an indica-tor symbol will illuminate in the instrument paneland a text message will be displayed.
SymbolExplanation
The symbol illuminates to indicate low tire inflation pressure. If a malfunction occurs in the sys- tem, the tire pressure warning sym-bol will flash for approximately1 minute and then remain illumi-nated.
Each tire, including the spare (if provided), should be checked monthly when cold and inflated tothe inflation pressure recommended by the vehi-cle manufacturer on the vehicle placard or tireinflation pressure label. (If your vehicle has tiresof a different size than the size indicated on thevehicle placard or tire inflation pressure label, youshould determine the proper tire inflation pres-sure for those tires.) As an added safety feature, your vehicle has been equipped with a tire pressure monitoringsystem (TPMS) that illuminates a low tire pres-sure telltale when one or more of your tires issignificantly under-inflated. Accordingly, when thelow tire pressure telltale illuminates, you shouldstop and check your tires as soon as possible,and inflate them to the proper pressure. Driving on a significantly under-inflated tire cau- ses the tire to overheat and can lead to tire fail-ure. Under-inflation also reduces fuel efficiencyand tire tread life, and may affect the vehicle'shandling and stopping ability. Please note thatthe TPMS is not a substitute for proper tire main-tenance, and it is the driver's responsibility tomaintain correct tire pressure, even if under-infla-tion has not reached the level to trigger illumina-tion of the TPMS low tire pressure telltale. Your vehicle has also been equipped with a TPMS malfunction indicator to indicate when thesystem is not operating properly. The TPMS mal-function indicator is combined with the low tirepressure telltale. When the system detects a malfunction, the tell- tale will flash for approximately one minute andthen remain continuously illuminated. Thissequence will continue upon subsequent vehiclestart-ups as long as the malfunction exists. Whenthe malfunction indicator is illuminated, the sys-tem may not be able to detect or signal low tirepressure as intended. TPMS malfunctions may occur for a variety of reasons, including the installation of replacementor alternate tires or wheels on the vehicle thatprevent the TPMS from functioning properly.Always check the TPMS malfunction telltale afterreplacing one or more tires or wheels on yourvehicle to ensure that the replacement or alter-nate tires and wheels allow the TPMS to con-tinue to function properly.
Messages in the instrument panel
When the TPMS symbol illuminates, the following text messages may also be displayed:
•
Tire pressure low: the tire(s) affected will
also be specified.
•
Tire needs air now: the tire(s) affected will
also be specified.
•
Tire pressure system Service required.
If TPMS cannot determine which tire(s) have low inflation pressure, general messages may be dis-played, such as:
•
Tire pressure low Check tires
•Tire needs air now Check tires
TPMS sensors can be installed on the valve hole area, on the factory-installed wheels as well as onoptional ones.

MAINTENANCE AND SERVICING
473
Emission inspection readiness
How do states use OBD II for emission
inspections?
Many states connect a computer directly to a vehicle's OBD II system. The inspector can thenread "faults." In some states, this type of inspec-tion has replaced the tailpipe emission test.
How can my vehicle fail OBD II emission
inspection?
Your vehicle can fail OBD II emission inspection for any of the following reasons.
• If your Check Engine (MIL) light is lit, your vehicle may fail inspection.
• If your vehicle's Check Engine light was lit,but went out without any action on your part,OBD II will still have a recorded fault. Yourvehicle may pass or fail, depending on theinspection practices in your area.
• If you had recent service that required dis-connecting the battery, OBD II diagnosticinformation may be incomplete and "notready" for inspection. A vehicle that is notready may fail inspection.
How can I prepare for my next
OBD II
emission inspection?
• If your Check Engine (MIL) light is lit – or was lit but went out without service, have yourvehicle diagnosed and, if necessary, servicedby a qualified Volvo technician.
• If you recently had service for a lit CheckEngine light, or if you had service that required disconnecting the battery, a periodof driving is necessary to bring the OBD IIsystem to "ready" for inspection. Two half-hour trips of mixed stop-and-go/highwaydriving are typically needed to allow OBD II toreach readiness. Your Volvo retailer can pro-vide you with more information on planning atrip.
• Maintain your vehicle in accordance with yourvehicle's maintenance schedule.
Owner maintenancePeriodic maintenance requirements and intervals are described in your vehicle's Warranty andService Records Information booklet. The following points can be carried out between the normally scheduled maintenance services.
Each time the car is refueled:
•Check the engine oil level.
• Clean the windshield, windshield wipers, headlights, and taillights.
Monthly:
•
Check cold tire pressure in all tires. Inspect the tires for wear.
• Check that engine coolant and other fluidlevels are between the indicated "min" and"max" markings.
• Clean interior glass surfaces with a glasscleaner and soft paper towels.
• Wipe driver information displays with a softcloth. •
Visually inspect battery terminals for corro-sion. Corrosion may indicate a loose terminalconnector, or a battery near the end of itsuseful service life. Consult your Volvo retailerfor additional information.
As needed:
Wash the car, including the undercarriage, to reduce wear that can be caused by a buildup ofdirt, and corrosion that can be caused by salt res-idues. Clean leaves and twigs from air intake vents at the base of the windshield, and from other placeswhere they may collect.
NOTE
Complete service information for qualified technicians is available online for purchase orsubscription at www.volvotechinfo.com.
Related information
•
Climate system service (p. 479)