AUDI A8 2015 Manual Online

Page 81 of 312

.... N .... N
0 J:
"". .... I.O
"' ....
"' ....
Warm and cold 79
Operation
We recommend pressing the
I AUTO I button and setting the temperature to 72 °F (22 °C) .
Fig. 84 Cockpit controls
Fig. 85 fou r zone auto matic cli mate control: rear con­
trols
Press the buttons to turn the functions on or
off . Use the dials to adj ust the temperature,
the blower speed and the a ir distribution. The
LED in a button w ill light up when the func­
tion is sw itched on. The settings are shown in
the climate control display and are a lso shown
in the MMI display for a few seconds. The driv­
e r and front passenger sett ings can be adj ust­
in g separately.
You can also adjust the rear left and right
sides in the four zone automat ic climate con­
trol*
~ fig . 85 .
IOFF I Switching the climate control
system on/off
The IOFFI button switches the climate control
system on or off .
It also switches on when you
turn the dial or press any button . Airflow from outside is
blocked when the climate control
system is switched off.
You can acti vate the residual heat functi on
whe n the ignition is off by pressing and hold­
ing the ~ button . The residual heat from the
coolant is used to heat the vehicle i nterior.
The residua l heat function switches off auto­
matically after about 30 minutes.
IAIC ! Switching cooling mode on/off
The air is not coo led and hum idity is not re­
moved when cooling mode is switched off.
This can cause fog on the windows. Cooling
mode switches off automatically when the
outside temperature is be low zero.
1- 1 Switching recirculation mode on/off
In recircu lation mode, the air inside the vehi­
cle is circulated and filtered. This prevents the
unfiltered air outside the vehicle from enter­
ing the vehicle interior. We recommend
switching recirculation mode on when driving
through a tunnel or when sitting in traffic
¢ ,&. .
The
! AUTO I button or~ button switches reci r­
cu lation mode off .
IAUTO! Switching automatic mode on
Automatic mode maintains a cons tant tem­
perature inside the vehicle. Air temperature,
~

Page 82 of 312

80 Warm and cold
airflow and air distribution a re controlled au­
tomatically.
Adjusting the temperature
Temperatures between 60 °F (+16 °() and
84
°F (+28 °C) can be set. Outside of this
r ange,
lo or hi wi ll appear in the climate con­
trol system disp lay. At both of these settings,
the climate control system runs continuously
at maximum cooling or heating power. There
is no temperature regulation.
~ Adjusting the airflow
You can adjust the airflow manually to suit
your needs . To have the airf low regulated au­
tomatically, press the
! AUTO ! button.
~ Adjusting the air distribution
You can manually se lect the vents where the
air will flow. To have the air distribution regu­
lated automa tically, press the
IAUTOI button .
~ I lil* Adjusting Seat heating/
ventilation*
Pressing the button switches the seat heat­
ing/ventilation on at the highest setting ( level
3). The L EDs indicate the temperature leve l.
To reduce the temperature, press the button
again. To switch the seat heating/ventilation
off, press the button repeatedly until the LED
turns off.
After 10 minutes, the seat heating/venti lation
automatically switches from level 3 to level 2.
I n vehicles without the four zone automatic
climate contro l*, buttons in the rear center
console control the seat heating for both out­
er rear seats*.
~ Switch the defroster on/off
The winds hield and s ide windows are defrost ­
ed or cleared o f condensation as quickly as
possible. The maximum amo unt of air flows
mainly from the vents below the windshield.
Recirculation mode switches off. The tempera­
ture should be set to 72
°F (22 °C) or higher.
The temperature is controlled automatically.
The
IAUTOI button switches the defroster off.
~ Switching rear window heater on/off
T he rear window heater only operates when
the engine is running. It switches off auto­
matically after 10 to 20 minutes, depending
on the outside temperature.
T o prevent the rear window heater from
switching off automatically , press and hold
the~ button for more than 2 seconds. This
r ema ins stored until the ignition is switched
off.
I SYNC I Synchronization*
When synchronization is switched on, the set­
tings for the driver's side are applied to the
front passenger's side (except for seat heat ­
ing/ventilation*). The rear seat is a lso
synchronized in vehicles with the 4-zone de­
luxe automatic cl imate control system*. Syn­
chronization switches off if the sett ings are
adjusted on the front passenger's side or in
the rear*.
You can synchronize the settings in a row by
pressing and holding a knob. For example, to
apply the settings for the front passenger's s ide to the driver's side, press and hold the
knob on the front passenger's side.
Air vents
You can open or close the center and rear
vents in the cockpit and the vents in the rear
center console and door pillars using the
ridged thumbwheels. The levers adjust the di­
rection of the airflow from the vents.
,&. WARNING
- Do not use the recirc ulation mode for ex­
tended periods of time . The windows
could fog up since no fresh air can enter
the vehicle. If the windows fog up, press
the air recircu lation button again imme­
diately to sw itch off the air recirculation
function or select defrost.
- Individuals w ith reduced sensitivity to
pain or temperature could deve lop burns
when using the seat heating function. To reduce the risk of injury, these indiv idu-
als shou ld not use seat heating . .,..

Page 83 of 312

(D Note
To avoid damage to the heating elements in the seats, do not kneel on the seats or
place heavy loads on a small area of the
seat.
Setup
The climate control system setup is accessed
through the MMI.
• Select: I CARI function button> Car systems
control button > A/C.
Rear cabin settings*
When this function is selected, all sett ings for
the rear can be adjusted through the climate
control system in the cockpit . The climate
control system settings cannot be adjusted in
the rear seat at the same time. This function
switches off after a certain period of time or
when one of the dials in the cockp it is press­
ed .
Auto recirculation*
Warm and cold 81
Solar roof*
Parking ventilation is controlled automatically
in the
auto setting .
When the ignition is off, solar-powered park­
in g ven tilat ion may switch on, as long as
- there is sufficient sunlight,
- the outside temperature is not too low,
- the sunroof is closed or tilted and
-auto (MMI) is selected .
~ Steering wheel heating
Applies to vehicles : wi th hea ted stee ring wheel
The steering wheel rim can be heated .
Fig. 86 Steering col umn: steering w hee l h eating but-
The sensitivity level of the automatic recircu-ton
lation mode can be set at various levels from
off to sensitive . The recirculation mode l""" I is
controlled on automatically. You must press
the~ button if fog forms on the w indows .
Footwell temperature
You can adjust the footwe ll temperature so
that it is cooler or warmer.
Windshield heat*
When the defroster~ is switched on and the
Auto setting is selected, the windshie ld de­
froster is controlled automatically .
Supplementary heater*
The supplementary heater warms the inter ior
of vehicles with diesel engines* more quickly.
The supplementary heater is controlled auto­
mat ica lly in the
Auto setting. •
Press the
lj] button to switc h steer ing wheel
he ating on/off. The message
Steering wheel
heating on!/Steering wheel heating off!
appears in the instrument cluster display.
T he temperature is maintained at a constant
level when steering wheel heating is switched
on.
The steering wheel heating settings are stor­
ed automatically and assigned to the remote
control key that is in us e.

Page 84 of 312

82 On the road
On the road
Steering
Adjusting steering wheel position
The steering wheel position can be adjusted
for height and reach .
Fig. 87 Switch for steering whee l adjustment
F irst, adjust the driver's seat correctly.
• To adjust the height, press the sw itch up/
down. The stee ring column will continue
moving as long as you a re pressing the
switch.
• To move the steering wheel forward or back,
press the switch forwa rd/back. The steering
column will continue moving as long as you
are pressing the switch.
There must be at least 10 inches (25 cm) be­
tween your chest and the center of the steer­ ing wheel. If you cannot sit more than 10 in­
ches (25 cm) from the steering wheel, see if
adaptive equipment is available to help you
reac h the pedals and increase the distance
from the steering wheel.
For detai led informat ion on how to adjust the
driver's seat, see
Qpage 59.
In vehicles with the memory function*, the
steering column settings are stored together
with the seat position.
A WARNING
Improper use of steering wheel adjust­
ment and improper seating position can
cause serious personal injury . -
Adjust the steering wheel col umn only
when the vehicle is not mov ing to pre­
vent loss of vehicle control.
- Adj ust the driver's seat or steering whee l
so that there is a minimum of 10 inches
(25 cm) between your chest and the
steer ing wheel
Q page 134, fig . 153 . If
you cannot mainta in th is m inimum dis­
tance, the airbag system cannot p rotect
you properly.
- If physical limitations prevent you from sitt ing 10 inches (25 cm) or more from
the steering wheel, check wit h your au­
thorized A udi dealer to see if adaptive
equipment is available .
- I f the steering wheel is al igned with your
face, the supplementa l driver's airbag
cannot provide as much protection in an
accident. Always make sure that the
steering whee l is aligned with your
chest.
- Always hold the steering wheel w ith your
hands at the 9 o'clock and 3 o'clock posi­
tions to reduce the risk of persona l injury
if the dr iver's airbag dep loys.
- Never hold the steering wheel at the 12
o'clock position or with your hands inside
the steeri ng wheel rim or on t he steering
wheel hub. Holding the steer ing wheel
the wrong way can cause serious injuries
to the hands, arms and head if the driv­
er's airbag deploys.
Easy entry feature
The easy entry feature makes it easier to en­
ter and exit the vehicle by automatically ad­
justing the steering wheel.
• Select in the MMI: ICAR lfunction button>
Car sy st e m s control button > Vehi cle set·
tin gs > Se ats > Dri ver 's s eat > Ea sy entr y>
On .
When the easy entry feature is turned on, the
steering wheel moves up to the park position
whe n you switch off the igni tion. Afte r you en-
ter the ve hicl e, the steering wheel moves to .,..

Page 85 of 312

the stored position as soon as you switch on
the ignition.
Starting and stopping
the engine
Starting the engine
This button switches on the ignition and
starts the engine .
Fig. 88 Cente r console: S TART ENGINE S TOP b utto n
Swi tc hin g the i gni tion on/off
• To switch the ignition on/off, press the
I START ENGINE STOPI button . Do not press
the brake pedal while doing this . D iesel
vehicles are preheated wh ile the ignition is
switched on.
St art in g the engine
• Press the brake pedal~,&. .
• Press the
!START E NGINE STOPI button
~ fig . 88 . The engine will start.
• It is possible that there w ill be a slight delay
when start ing the engine for diesel vehicles
in colder temperatures. Therefore, you must
hold the brake peda l down until the eng ine
starts. The indicator lamp
II illuminates
when the engine is preheated.
If the engine does not start immediately , the
starting process is automatica lly stopped af ­
ter a short time . Repeat starting procedure.
Start -Stop -System *:
Note the information on ¢ page 87, Start­
Stop-System.
On th e road 83
A WARNING
- Never allow the engine to run in confined
spaces -danger of asphyxiat ion.
- Never turn off the engine until the vehi­
cle has come to a complete stop.
- The brake booster and power steering
only work when the engine is running. If
the engine is off, you have to use more
force when steering or braking . Because
you cannot steer and brake as you usual­ ly would, this could lead to crashes and
serious injuries.
(D Note
- Avo id h igh engine rpm, full throttle and
heavy engine loads until the eng ine has
reached operating temperature -other­
w ise you risk engine damage .
- T he engine cannot be started by pushing
or towing the vehicle.
(0 Tips
- After a co ld eng ine is started, there may
be a brief period of inc reased no ise be­
cause oil pressure must first build up i n
the hydraulic valve adjusters. This is nor­
ma l and not a cause for conce rn.
- If you leave the veh icle with the ignition
switched on , the ign ition w ill switch off
after a certain period of time . Please
note that electrical equ ipment such as
exterior lights will sw itch off as well
when that happens.
Stopping the engine
• Bring your vehicle to a complete stop.
• Move the selector lever to the P or
N posi ­
tion.
• Pr ess the I START ENGINE STO P I button
¢ page 83 , fig. 88.
Steerin g lock
The steering locks when you turn the engine
off using the
I START ENGINE STOP I button
and open the d river's door. The locked steer-
ing helps prevent vehicle theft.
11-

Page 86 of 312

84 On th e road
Emerg ency off
If necessary, the engine can be sw itched off
with the selector lever in the R, Dor S posi ­
tions . The engine stops if you press the
I START ENGINE STOP ! button at speeds below
6 mph (10 km/h).
A WARNING
- Never turn off the eng ine before the ve­
hicle has come to a complete stop . The
full function of the brake booster and the
power steering is not quaranteed. You
must use more force to turn or brake if
necessary. Because you cannot steer and
brake as you usual ly would, this could
lead to crashes and serious injur ies.
- For safety reasons, you should always
park your vehicle with the se lector lever
in P. Otherwise, the vehicle co uld inad­
vertent ly roll away .
- After the engine has been switched off, the radiator fan can continue to run for
up to 10 min utes - even with the ign it ion
switched off. It can a lso switch on aga in
after some time if the coolant tempera­
ture rises as the result of a heat buildup or if the engine is hot and the engine
compartment is addit ionally heated by
the sun's rays.
(D Note
Do not stop the engine immed iate ly afte r
ha rd or extended dr iving. Keep the engine
r u nning for approx imately two m inutes to
prevent excessive heat build-up.
Driver message in the instrument
cluster display
T urn off ignition before le aving car
This message appears and a war ning tone
sounds if you open the driver's door when the
ignitio n is switched on.
Pr ess brake p edal t o start engin e
This message appears if you press the
I STAR T ENGINE S TOP ! button to start the en- gine and do not depress the brake pedal.
The
engine can only be started if the brake pedal
is depressed.
Ill I s key in th e vehi cle?
If the indicato r light turns on and the mes­
sage appears, the remote control key was re­
moved from the vehicle whi le the engine was
runn ing .
If the igni tion key is not in the veh i­
cle you will not be able to switch on the igni­
tion or restart the engine after it has been switched off. You will a lso not be able to lock
the vehicle from the outs ide.
Shift to P, othe rwi se vehicle can roll away.
Door s do not lock if lever i s not in P.
T h is dr iver message appears for safety rea­
sons if the transmission has not been shifted
to the P position when you switch the ignition
off. Move the selector lever to the P position.
Otherwise the vehicle is not protected from
ro lling and cannot be locked.
II Key i s not recognized . Hold b ack of key
again st m arked are a. See ow ner' s m anual.
If the indicator l ight turns on and this mes­
sage appe ars, there is a ma lfunct ion
¢ page 85.
Tu rn off i gnition before leaving car. Ba ttery
i s di sc harging
Th is message appears if the driver's door is
opened wh ile the ignition is switched on. Al­
ways switch off the ign it ion if you a re leav ing
the vehi cle. See also
¢page 89 .
Shift to P and turn off ignition before l eav­
ing car, otherwi se vehicle c an roll away
This message appears if the driver's door is
opened wh ile the ignition is switched on and
the selecto r lever is not in the P position. Shift
the selector lever into the P pos ition and
switch off the ignit ion when you exit the vehi­
cl e. Otherw ise the vehicle cou ld rol l. See also
¢page 89.

Page 87 of 312

Starting the engine if there is a
malfunction
It may not be possible to start the engine un­
der certain circumstances , for example if the
battery in the vehicle key is drained , if inter ­
ference hos affected the key or if there is a
system malfunction.
i :c _ ____ ;&
Fig. 89 Center console/master key : starting the engine
if th ere is a m alfunction
Requirement : The message Key not re cog­
nized. Hold b ack of key against marked area.
See owner's manual.
must appear and the in­
dicator light
II must switch on .
"' Hold the master key vert ica lly in the loca­
tion indicated
y >>) c::> fig. 89.
"' Press the brake pedal i=:> A in Starting the
engine on page 83 .
"'Press the j ~s_T_A_R_T_E_N_G _I_N _E_ S_T_O_P~I button . The
engine will start .
"' Drive to your au thor ized Audi dealer imme­
diately to have the malfunct ion corrected .
(D Tips
You can view the message again by press­
ing the
! START ENGINE STOP I button.
On the road 85
Electromechanical
parking brake
Operation
The electromechanical parking broke replaces
the hand broke.
Fig. 90 Center co nsole: Parking b rake
"' Pull on the switch © i=:> fig. 90 ® to apply
the parking brake. The indicator lights in the
switch and. (USA models)/ . (Cana-
da models) in the instrument cluster illumi­
nate .
"' With the ignition switched on, step on the
brake peda l or the accelerator pedal and
press the switch <®lat the same time to re­
lease the parking brake . The indicator lights
in the switch and. (USA mode ls)/ . (Can­
ada models) in the instrument cluster go
out .
Your vehicle is equipped with an electrome­
chanical parking brake. The parking brake is
designed to prevent the vehicle from rolling unintentionally and replaces the hand brake.
In addit ion to the normal functions of a tradi­
tiona l hand brake, the electromechanical
parking brake provides vario us convenience
and safety functions .
When starting from rest
-The integral start ing assist helps you when
driving by automatically re leasing the park­
i ng brake
i=:> page 86, Starting from rest.
- When start ing on inclines , the starting as-
sist prevents the vehicle from unintentiona l-
ly rolling back. The braking force of the
parking brake is not re leased until sufficient
111>

Page 88 of 312

86 On the road
driving force has been built up at the
wheels.
E mergency brake function
An emergency brake ensures t hat the vehicle
can be slowed down even if the
normal brakes
fail
c::> page 87, Emergency braking .
&_ WARNING
Do not press the accelerator peda l inadver ­
tently if the vehicle is stationary but the
engine is running and a gear is selected.
Otherw ise the vehicle will start to move
immediately and could result in a crash.
- If the parking brake is applied with the
ignition switched off, the indicator lights
in the sw itch and . (USA models) .
(Canada models) in the instrument clus­
ter will go out after a certain per iod of
time.
- Occas iona l noises when the park ing
brake is applied and released are normal
and are not a cause for concern.
- When the vehicle is parked, the parking brake goes through a self-test cycle at
regular intervals. Any assoc iated noises
are no rma l.
Parking
.. Press the bra ke peda l to stop the vehicle .
.. Pull the switch© to set the parking brake .
.. Se lect the P selector lever position
c::> page 114.
.. Turn the eng ine off c::> ,& .
.. When on incl ines or declines, turn the steer­
ing wheel so that your vehicle will roll into
the curb if it begins to move.
&_ WARNING
- When you leave your veh icle - even if on­
ly b riefly - always take the ignition key
with you. This applies par tic u larly when
children remain in the veh icle . Otherw ise
the chi ldren could start the engine, re-
'
lease the parking brake or operate elec­
tr ica l equipment (e.g. power windows).
There is the r isk of an accident.
- When the veh icle is locked, no one - par­
ticularly not children should rema in in
the vehicle. Locked doors make it more difficult for emergency workers to get in­
to the vehicle - putting lives at risk.
Starting from rest
The starting assist function ensures that the
parking brake is released automatically upon
starting.
Stopping and applying par king brake
.. Pull the sw itch<®> to apply the parking
brake.
Sta rting and automaticall y rel easing the
park ing bra ke
.. When you start to drive as usual, the park­
ing brake is automat ically released and your
veh icle beg ins to move.
When stopping at a traffic signal or stopping in city traffic, the parking brake can be ap­
plied . The vehicle does not have to be held
with the footbrake. The parking brake elimi­ nates the tendency to creep w ith a dr ive range
engaged . As soon as you drive off as usual,
t h e pa rking brake is re leased automatically
and the vehicle s tarts to move .
Sta rting on slopes
When starting on inclines, the starting assist
prevents the vehicle from u nintent ionally roll­
i ng back. The braking force of the parki ng
brake is not re leased unti l suffic ient d riving
force has been built up at the w heels.
(D Tips
Fo r safety reasons, the pa rking brake is re­
l eased automatically on ly when the d riv ­
er's safety belt is engaged in the buckle.

Page 89 of 312

,....,
N ,....,
N
0 J:
'SI: ,...., \!) 1.1'1 ,...., 1.1'1 ,....,
Starting off with a trailer
To prevent rolling back unintentionally on an
incline, do the following:
11-Keep the switch© pulled and depress the
accelerator. The parking brake stays applied
and prevents the vehicle from rolling back­
ward .
11-You can release the switch<®> once you are
su re that you a re develop ing enough for­
ward momentum at the wheels as you de­
press the accelerator.
D epending on the weight of the r ig (vehicle
and tra ile r) and the severi ty of the incl ine, you
may roll backwards as you start. Yo u can pre­
vent rolling backwards by holding the parking brake switch<®) p ulled out and acce lerating -
just as you would when starting on a hill with
a conventional hand brake.
Emergency braking
In the event that the conventional brake sys­
tem fails or locks.
11-In an emergency, pull the switch(®) and
contin ue to p ull it to slow your vehicle down
with the parking brake.
11-As soon as you release the switch (®) or ac-
ce lerate, the braking process stops.
If you pull the switch<®> and hold it above a
speed of about 5 mph (8 km/h), the emergen­
cy braking function is initiated. The vehicle is
braked at all four wheels by activating the hy­
draulic brake system. Th e brake performance
i s similar to making an emergency stop
~ &..
In order not to activate the emergency brak­
ing by m istake, an audible warning tone (buz­
ze r) sou nds when the switch C®> is pulled. As
soon as the switch(®) is released, or the accel­
e rator pedal is dep ressed, emergency b ra ki ng
stops.
_& WARNING
Emergency braking should only be used i n
an emergency, when the normal foot brake
has failed or the brake pedal is obstructed .
On the ro ad 87
Using the parking b rake to pe rform emer­
gency brak ing will slow your vehicle down
as if you had made a full brake application.
The laws of physics cannot be suspended
even with ESC and i ts associated compo­
nents (ABS, ASR, EDL). In corners and
when road o r weathe r cond itions are bad,
a full brake appl ication can ca use the vehi­
cle to sk id or the re ar end to break away -
risking an acciden t.
Start-Stop-System
' Description
Applies to vehicles: wit h Start -Stop-System
The Start-Stop-System can help increase fuel
economy and reduce CO2 emissions .
In the Start-Stop-mode, the engine shuts off
automat ica lly w hen the vehicle is stopped,
such as at a traffic light. The ignition remains
switched on du ring this stop phase. The en­
gine wi ll be automat ica lly restarted when
needed.
The last Start-Stop-System sett ing (on/off us­
ing the button
I O\l ~I) will be restored when the
i gnition is turned on. The L ED in the
1(7() .. 1 but­
ton turns on when the Star t-Stop-System is
swi tched off man ually.
Basic requirements for the Start -Stop
mode
- The d rive r's doo r is closed.
- The d river ' seat belt is latched .
- The hood is closed .
- The vehicle must have been driven faster
than
2.5 mph (4 km/h) since the last stop.
- A trailer is not hitched to the vehicle.
_& WARNING
-Never let the vehicle roll with the eng ine
sw itched off. You cou ld lose control over
the vehicle. Th is can lead to a collision
and serio us in ju ries.
- The brake booster and the steering sup­ port do not work while the engine is

Page 90 of 312

88 On the road
switched off. More force is required to
stop and to steer the vehicle.
- To reduce the risk of injuries, make sure
that the Start-Stop-System is turned off
when working in the engine compart­
me nt¢
page 89.
(D Note
Always switch off the Start-Stop -System
when driving through water ¢
page 89.
Starting/stopping the engine
Applies to vehicles: with Start-Stop-System
Fig . 91 In strument duster : eng ine switc hed off (stop
phase)
~ Slow the vehicle to a stop using the brake
and keep pressing the brake pedal. The en­
gine w ill switch off. The
11] indicator light
appears in the information line in the instru­
ment cluster display.
~ When you take your foot off the brake ped­
al, the engine restarts . The ind icator light
turns off.
Additional information
The engine w ill switch off in the P, D, N and S
positions as well as in manua l mode. In the P
position, the e ngine will also remain off if you
take your foot off the brake pedal. The engine
starts again when you select another se lector
lever position and take your foot off the brake
pedal.
If you select the R position during a Stop
phase, the engine will start again .
Shift from D to P quickly to prevent the engine
from starting unintentionally when shifting
through R. You
can determine for yourself if the engine
will stop or not by reducing or increasing the
amount of force you use to press the brake
pedal. For example, if you only lightly press
on the brake pedal in stop-and and-go traffic
or when turning, the engine will not switch off
when the vehicle is stationary. As soon as you
press the brake down harder, the engine wi ll
switch off.
General information
Applies to vehicles: with Start-Stop-System
The standard Start-Stop-mode can be cancel­
led for different system-related reasons.
Fig. 92 Instrument cluster: eng ine -Stop temporarily
unavailable
Engine will not switch off
Before each stop phase, the system checks if
certain conditions have been met. For exam­
ple, the eng ine will
not be switched off in the
following situations:
- The engine has not reached the minimum
requ ired temperature for Start-Stop-mode.
- The interior temperature selected by the A/C
system has not been reached.
- The outside temperature is extremely high/
low.
- The windshield is being defrosted
¢page 81.
-The parking system* is switched on.
- The battery charge level is too low.
- The steering wheel is sharply turned or
there is a steering movement.
- After engaging the reverse gear.
- On sharp incl ines.

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