brake fluid FORD CAPRI 1974 Workshop Manual

Chapter 6 Manual gearbox and automatic transmission 123
When towing a vehic le wIth automl11ic uansmission it is impoltllllt to observe the precautIons gIven til ,he 'Jading and Towing' se<:,ion at the Iront 01 the manual. Due to the complexity of the au'oma',c tran smission unit. If performance IS not up 10 s tandard, or overhaul is necessary, it IS impera tive that this be left to the locallllain agents who will have the special equipment for fault diagnosis and rectiflcallon. The content of the following sections is thereforc confined to supplying gener", Informl11ion 1'Ind any service information and ins t.uc tion tha i cnn be used by the owner.
19 Routine Illilinte,wno
At the i!lle.vnls SI)CClfiecllll Iho ROllllne Milintennnce seCIlOll in the I.onl 01 th e Illanllal cnllY Oul Ihe follOWIng p'ocp.dwe
Luuricow selector link'1[}() , Applv the h;rrldh.,lke th(:n J,lck \lp the front of Ihc Cill ,'lid Support
,n nxle Slnnds
2 Orlthe Irnkn!JCs at cndl end 01 Ihe genrsh ,h rml on the Icfl·hnnd "le 01 Ihe Iransnll~s,on lowel the cnr \0 Iho wound,
Check /mn.Wllissioll fluid level 4 Elrlll!! the engIne and trnnsnllSSlon to nOllllal ope.IlIUl!IIp.llIperillllfe
and I)alk tho vehlchl on le vel grOllnd 5 Wi,h Ihe engIne idllll(l. move tht: 1.,lnsnllSj"on St:leclt>r lev!]r through ill! pOSlllons 1!lIee lImes. Ihen onuaue '1" ,11111 wall for ;rt lea~t one minute. 6 With ,he engine 51111 idling, wllhd.ilW Ihe lr.1nSnllSSIOll d,psllck.
Wipe it dean, reinsert II, wilhd •• 1W 11 for Ihe second !line nnd read off the levol. 7 Two tv pes 01 automatic transnllssion fluid a.e nvarlilblc (sec SpccifiCiltions 10' tv,>c numbe.s) .1nd It is ImpO,I,ln , Ihilt IheV 'lIe nOI mixed. The colour 01 the dipstick. 10' flUId level checklllg denotes which fluid tvpe to use , 8 If a tlr1nsnllssion requlII"U 1,1ter tvpe fluid IS I'lled 10 " to'<lue COIlVOIlr!r preViously used w<lh oarl.er tVI}e fluid, or vice vr:&#39;.~iI, the compollellt~ shOuld Ire Ilushed 10 ,1IIoi(1 mlxinu o f the two Ill/Ids
COllsult your I'ord dealer rI thIS cond,t ron arIS&#34;~ 9 If III)r.CS~.1rv IOp·up with til'.! spec.rlled orl, thr ough tire drpSlrck tube. 10 tire MAX m, uk, The '1"<rlllrty leqlm ed 10 r,IIS!] tile level !rOllr 'V1IN In MAX IS approxlmatt:lv 0 3 Illre (05 pIIIl)
Adjust Iront brake /)(In(/ '" ApplV Iho handb."ko tholl lack 1'1) th'.! ',ollt 01 the ca. and sUPPO.I axlo stands 11 D,sconnoC t the downshIft ca!)le at Iho t'.1nsmISSlon 12 Slacken Iho brnke band adJusto, sClew locknut and unSClew the
adjus'or screw n lew h,fIlS . 13 Tlghlolllhe adJuslo, sOcw to 14 Nm (10 Ihl II) IISIilU a SUItable lo,que wrcnch From Ih,s poSlllon slaCken the adJusle r screw bv exact Iv I'll \Urns (pre·1983 models) or 2 Iwns ( 1983 and late,
model), Ihen tighten Ihe locknut Wllhoul diSlUrblllg Ihe pOsition of Ihe adjuster sc,ow .
14 R econnec t the downshift cable and lowe' Ihe car 10 Ihe ground.
20 Automalic transmission -removal (HId refining
If l)Osslble, ,aise the car on a hOlsl o. place it over an inspectIon pit. Alternatively, it WIll ho necessary 10 Jack up Ihe car to obtain the Illaximum possible amount of wOlking room undernealh. 2 Place a large d.ain pan benealh the transmiss.on sump (011 pan)
Ihen. working horll the ,car, loosen the a!laching boilS and allow ,he lIuld to drain. nemove all thO bohs excep t tho two I.onl ones to draIn as mIlch fluid as pOSSIble, th on temporarilV .efit Iwo bolls at th e re,1I 10 hold it in place . 3 Remove tho Slilrte. moto. as desc.ibed in Chapter 12 . • jWhero apphcable, rernove the access cover Dnd ad3pto, plale bolts,
Ie the engine untrl the to.qu e converter drain plug is visible, then
unsc.ew Iho plug and d.ain Iho Ihud Into a suit3ble con winer. Refl! and l'Uh ten Iho plug.
Fig. 6 .25 Checkill{J tho au tomatic transmission lIuid lovel (Soc 19)
Fig. 6.2 6 FrQ,1 bn'ko band adjustment (Sec 19)
A Arllf/SICI sc/t'w a Locknut
C Downslu/t Icvel D Downs/u/t c.lblc
Fig. 6.27 Torquo convorter to driveplato boll -arrowod (Sec 20)
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procarmanuals.com

Chapter 9 Braking system
Fault rflnunosis -hrnking sys tem Foothrnk.c I)(!dnl -removal .1nd refluing From m ake caliper -overhau l .. Front blake cillipCf -removal ;1nd 'Cl,UUl\1 .... ______ ._ .................... . Front brake discs -inspection, ,enlov,,1 and rcl,!\in(J Front disc pilds -renewal , ....... _ ...... .. General description ..... .... ........ . ............ . H andb<ake - adjus tment ................ ................................... ___ __ ...... . Handbrake cable(s) and rod -removal and rcfiuing . Handbrakc lever -removal and refilling ........ ........... ..... ..... ......... . Hydraulic pipes and hoses -removal and refiUing . Hydraulic system -bleeding . . .............. .
Spcci/ic:ltions
Syste m type
I=rOl1t brakes ~c tt,ickncss :
Now ....................................... .
Min rmum.
Oisc fun ·out (ma~inlum including hub).
Mini'l1ulll disc pad lining Ihickness
Re ar brakes MInimum bfake shoe lining thickness.
Torque w re nch settings Caliper ....... ................. ................................... . Brake disc .................... . Backpl"te ........................... .................... .......... ................ .... .. .. .......... . Hydraulic unions. Bleed screw (ma~) .... Aecuf>Cfaling valve 'Clainel (Gi,ling)
Gonoral description
23
16
5 ,
G 3 1 18 20 19 14 15
Oisc brakes aro f;tted 10 Iho front wheels and drum brakes to the lea. wheels. Tho cable or cablo and rod opelilled handbrake oper:11es independently on the real wheels. A vacuum sorvo unit is fiued
" "tween the mastel cytinde. and loolbrake pedal to provide assistance 'en the pedal is depressed.
T he hy,aulic circui t is split frOnt and rear. Undel normal conditions
M,lSIC' cylinder -ove.hilul Milsle. cylinder -removill ilnd .e liuing . P.eSStue d,ffcrenliill swit c h -desoiplion .• e m ov,,1 and .el,ning P,essure ,educing valve · description. relllovill ilnd .er,llonu
Reil' i),lGkplilte · ,emov"r ilnu refining Hei!( i)r"ke shoes -renewal ....... .................. .............. . . Routine m"intenance ........ . ................. .
SlOp·lilmp switch - removal. re/rUlng and ildJustmcflI . Vilcuum servo unil _ description . Vncuum servo unil -rcrnovnl nod rcfiUing Wheel cylindcr -rcmovnl. ove.haul and ref'lIing
11 10 12 13 ,
7 2 17 21 22 8
Dlml hyd'i1ulic cif cuit. snlol Ironl i1nd rCilr WIth IlreSSU,e reducing v:llve in reil r ci.cui t on Iiller models. DISC I,onl brilkes i1nd self·ndjust illu rca .
(!rum brilkes. all wilh servo aSSIstance. Calrle or c.,blc .1nd rod operated handbrake on rear l)f"k es
12 .7 mm (0.5 in) 11.4 rnm (0.45 in) 009 nlln (0.0035 in) 3 .0 mm (0.118 in)
1.5 mm (0.059 in)
Nm 471068 41 1046 271031 71010 10 491062
Ibl It 351050 301034 20 to 23 5 to 7 7 36 to 46
both ci.cuilS operale in unison. howeve •. in the event of faIlure o f one circui t Ihe lemaining ci.cui l will p<ovide adequate bfaking 10 SlOp Ihe car in an emergency. late. models incorporate a pfessure reducing valve in Ihe r(la. hydraulic Cifcu il to prevent rca, wheel locking during heavy braking . When working on the bo"aking system. remembef Ihat blake fluid is loxic and will also damage painlwo.k. II spilt II should be washed away immediately with cold water.
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) Chapter 9 Braking syste m 143
2
Fig. 9.1 DU<lI linc hydn.ulic brnke circuit (Sec 1)
1 2 Fron! br,)k(1 disc ,1nil c<1IijJ~&#39;f M,lS/IH cylinder and I/uid resefvoir 3 V,KIIUIn sClva unit 5 ReM drum brake 4 Prcss1ltc (h!fetcH/i.)1 wi/filing swi/cl!
2 ROlltine maintenance
Al III<, u,h!lvals speClficed in the Routine M<JinlellilllCC sectIo n in the frOllt of tlw 11,;)1111<11 Colny oul the lollowlIl(J procedures
Check hrilke fluid Ivvel 1 CI",<;k 110.11 Ilw hrake thud )"vcl in the reselvoir is .1, or nc." lhe 1Il,,~i&#34;&#39;lI&#39;&#34; ',,,10k The ,c~;cr\loi( is localed on the master cylinder on the nghl-hillld sule 01 the IJulkhead III the cl1uine cOIllpnnlllCII!. SliUht Va-"I,ulls of I"vel Will occur ilccordlfl!) to the wear ollhe II/<l ke linings. If lI,v(!1 (hops wW ;1,ds the ""Ilimlllll mn,k the cornplclC hydraulic system should he Chec ked lor le<lks,
2 ·'h tim cm rnlsed. c,lIe1l1lly inspect illl the hydraulic pipes. hoses ;lnt. .. ,lions lor chJlmg. c'ilcks. Illilks ilnd corrosion.
2.4 ;-.-
uejJ.es~ the rubue' membrJne to check the fluid low level
Warning IrUht
3 To top up the fluid unscrew the fill er cap whrle holding the c,lhle connector sWtionar y. and add brake lIuid ns necessJr y. R efit the cnp on completion. 4 When checking the brnk e fluid level it is n good practice to also check the low level wnrning light With the hnndbwke rele<lslId and the iunition switched on. depress the rubber membr<lrlC on the rIl511'VOII hi ler C<ljJ (phOto) If the wilrning light filils to came on check the bulb ill1d <lssocimed circuit.
Check disc p<1d and rear bwke shoe linings 5 Jnck up the Iront nnd rem of the Cilr nnd support all il xle stands,
Re leuse the hilndb'<lke. 6 Although i t is pOSSible to check the Iront disc pari 1illillUS with <l mirror and torch. it is recommended thnt the front wheels <lre Illst
,emoved. 7 Mensufe the thickness 0 1 lining on e<lch disc p<ld <lIlt! If ,lilY IS less thnn 3 .0 mm (0,1 18 in) renew the complete set of front [Jose pnds 8 II the ren, b'nke h<lckplntes incorporn\(! inspection hOles. remove the rubher plugs nnd check thnt the thickness of the hmn\js IS not less
thnn 1 .5 mm (0.059 in)
Fig. 9.2 Handbr a ke lin k ag e lubrication points (arro\Ncd) on early models (Sec 2)
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procarmanuals.com

144 Chapter 9 Braking systom
9 II there Dre no inspec tion holes, remove the wheels and drums In inspect the linings . 10 Where any lining is less Ih,111 the nllnimufll thickness, renew Ihp. complete SCI 01 re,ll b,~ke shoes. 11 Refi ' the drums lind wheels as necessary then lowe. tho em \0 thl) 9lOund.
Ch eck operation of servo lIoil 12 Visually inspCCllhe vaCUUll1 hose IClIding hom the inlet mlllllfolll Of air box 10 the servo unit fOf dc\c,iOf1l1lon and security. 13 Wit h the engine Slopped. dCI).es s the bra ke pedal several ,imes to dissipate t he VOC U\Ull hoUl the sorvo Imit. 14 Depress the b'i1kc 11Cdll1 wilh moderate pressure then Sin' I the
cnU illC . As the V<leuum bwlds up. the l)Cdal should move sh Utl1ly IOw ;uds the floo. indlc;uulg that Ihe $Crvo is p.ovidlllg .esis tilnCfl
L ubrietl!£! /wndbh7ke linkage 15 Jilck up Ihe .eolf of Ihe Colf illid SIIIIPOII on ilxle Slilnds . 16 Oltthe prim,uy eil!>le connOChon to the boltom of Ihe halldh&#39;;,~&#34; level. 17 011 1974/1975 models. u,ease Ihe pflmolfy callie whe,e II p;,sses over Ihe pulley wheel. ,111(1 0,1 Ihe pull ey ilnd lever pivot pO"'IS . 18 On lillCr models grease Ihe 1,i1nw c.se rod SUI)I)Olt hC;lfinU 19 011 the clcv is IIUIS i1I the w", l>olckpl" ,es. 20 lower thc cm !O the gr ound
R/mew fhe /)rilke I/Ilid 21 lJIucd Ihe hyd.; ."loc sySle m as d"scllherl III Seelloll 15 ilUOwnl! II",
Ihe new h ,,,k\) Ih"d to COnlph: lely 1,lIlhe C:"CUtt he"I!1 bled . 22 AI Ihe sanl\) I"ne rcn,uve Ihe 'Ci" ",ake \I'lOn,s alld check tho wlu,,,1
cylonclers 10' leak"IJe.
3 Front disc pl1ds - renewal
Apply t
he handbr<lke then Jack U') Ihe Ioonl of the Cill <lnd supporl on <I~le s tandS.
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2 RemOV(l Ihe hont wheels.
3 It Ihe fhnd level in the maste' cylondel reservoir is high. when the pistons l1re moved into thei, respecI,ve bo,es to accommodate new pi1ds. thO leyel could rise sulticienlly fo, Iho fluid 10 oyerflow. Place ilhsoruent clOlh .1round the reSe,yO". o. syphon a Imlo Ituid oul. so 1)'Cven tUlg Pil"ltwOlk <lilmage UCUlIl caused by the hydraulic lIuid . 4 Usmg iI 1)11" of tong·no~ed pile,s. exl,aCt the two smiltt clips Ihat
hOld the m;"n ,clalfl,ng pins in plilce (photo) 5 RemOYfl Ihe m"in le tainm g pin~ which ,un through Iho c.lliper and the mel,, 1 h.,r. krnn of th o pads and Ihe ShUllS. 6 The flll ;t, o n l),le1S cil n now bo removed from the cahper. If they prnv!! \III1ICIIII to ,emove by Iland . II pair of long·nosed pi ie,s can be lIscd Lill :Iway the shims and tens.on sPflnus (whe,e lilted) (phoIOS). 7 Ca.eh,liy clcall Ihe .ecesses in the cahl>Of in which Ihe h,ction pads :md ShUllS he. and Ihe exposed faces 01 caCh pis ton. rem oving allu3ces 01 d"t 0' rllst 8 Us",u a p,nte 01 wood. e.l,eh,lIy rUlI,1et Ihe pis tons. n 1'1,11;\1 IhH t&#34;,&#39;~e p"d tens,on SI""'U" Oil Ihe hr~ke 1)o1ds i1fl<l shims ililfl locale mlhe t,lhpCf . NOle Ihi11. whe,e ,11)I)hcal)le. the affOWS on the ~hUllS m&#34;~1 I<le.: Ihe lo,w.,rd rOIi1UOII 01 Ihe iron! wheels (photo). 10 ,,,,,Crlthe maon p;,(1 Ictitlll,nU prlls. tIIilklt1IJ ~&#34;,e th,11lhe 1i1nus of the IUII51(1I1 SP"II\j" .lIe under Ihe rCtallllll\ J pins Secure Ihe pillS with Ihe ~&#34;,,,II w,w d,l's 11 R&#39;·IM~<lt (hf! I" ocl,tlu,e on the .emil"' .. ,\! hom bri1ke then ,cl,t the ....heels <llIti lowe, Ihe Cilr 10 Ihc U,ou'HI 12 To co,,,,(;l ly ~eill t hc p'stons. 1l'''''))lhe !,,;.ke pedal suveral tim cs ",,<I j,n:,lIy top "p Ihe hydri1uh c Ih"d level in Ihe m.1ste, cylinde.
&#39;&#39;&#39;~&#39;&#39;&#39;&#39;&#39;&#39;&#39;&#34; ;,S n,~:&#34;sS,l&#39;y
<1 F rollt brake caliper _ rcmoy'll iltld refitting
1 nemove the f,on! disc pads i1S tie sc"lJc(/ in Section 3. 2 1111 'S Itll,,,,d,,(1 10 lit ncw Ci1tiper pistoll s "nd/o, seals. dep,ess the tH.1k'J Iwel,,1 10 hlUlU the pistons i"to COI11i1ct with thO (fisc and <lssist ~&#34;hs<:qllc&#34;l H:fllOV<l1 of the p'stons. ) FII a h{JS(l ciilt1lp 10 the lteK'ble hose ICi1d,llg \0 thc c'l hpcr. If a hose dallip 's not ilYil,li1bto. tighten" p,ece of l)Qlylhelle she"t beneath the
3 .4 A pad .et<llnn1U pin and clo,) (ilffOWt:d) 3 6A Ret1lovinU a d,sc pad 3.6B The two disc pads remOved
.>.6C Disc pad and shim 3.9A T he shim allow must lace tho forwa,d rotation o f Ihe f.ont wheel
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3 .9B Fitting the tenS ion springs
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灲潣慲浡湵慬献捯m

) Chapter 9 Braking system 145
/ll.Iid reservoir tille , cap \0 help roduce any fluid loss. 4 Where a rigi d brake line is connec ted \0 the calipe r, comple tely unscrOw the union nUl . Where Iho flex ible hose is connected directly \0 Ihe caliper. loosen only .he union (lnd unscrew Ihc caliper f.om Ihe
hose later. S Prise back the laus on the locking plale and unscrew Ihe mouming boilS (photo). The cJliper may now be wit hdrawn ove r th o disc and where neCessary unscrew ed from Ihc flex ible hose, 6 Refilling is a revCfsal of fernOv;!I, but lit a new locking plate and
l ighten the mouming bol ts \0 the specified torque. Bend the Inbs \0 Io<:k I he boils. On comple tion bleed the hydwulic system wit h
reference \ 0 Sec tion 15.
5 Front brake caliper -ovorlulU l
1 With the c~liper removed . cle~n away all external dlr1. 2 Where applicable, prise out the dust cover cirClips <Jou wleilse the
dust covers from the external ~onular groove. : lIr"ct the pistons: keeping them idenhlied side lor s.de. If nt .... "ss"ry. use low [lir P"CSSlU(! frOill a foot pump to lorc e the pistons
IrOIl' lho bores. 4 nove tho dust covers Irom the pistons or bores as apphc<Jblo. 5 Prise tho pisto n seillinU rings from tho hores tnkino Cilre not to scratch the bore suri<Jce. 6 It is impOrliln1 liw i tho twO h<Jlves olthe caliper are not separated under any circumstanr:es . If hydr.1ulic lIuid lenks ,l,e evident from tho join!. the ca liper must be ronewed complete. Thoroughly wash all p.1,t5 in methylated spi ri ts. or c lean hydraulic lIuid. DUling reassemhly. new rubbe .. seals must be lilted. These should bo weiliubricilted. wrth clean
hydrau lic Uuid . Inspect the piSlons and bores for signs 01 weilr . score markS. or damage and il evident. new par ts should be obtained !Cady for lilting. or a new ca lipe r obtained. 7 R eassem ble tho components using a reversal of th n disnwn tling procedure. but before inserting the pis tons dip them in clen n hydrnulic fluid to assist entry through the seals. On comple tion press the pistons fully into the bores.
45 Front brake caliper mounting bolts (arrowed)
6 Front brake discs -in spection. re rnovnl and refitting
Apply the hilndlxake then jn ck up the hom of the car and support on :1xle st:1flds. Remove the Iront roadwheels . 2 Rotate the disc by hand and examine il lor deep scoring, grooving or cf1lcks. light scoring is normal, but if excessive the disc must be
renewed.
3 SCrJpe <Jway any loose rus t fro m the oute r edge of the disc, lhen mensu.e the disc thickrless using a micrometer or cnlipe rs. If less lhan the minimum specified thiCkness rhe disc mUSI be renewed.
RUEO '.(RlW
--
1-""£0""""" ~Plf&#39;l ~-____ ttIP
BI&#34;&#39;~( &#34;.&#34;,~&#34;&#34; PI~I()&#39;
4IOUf llltlGOOLI tCCKltlG PLATE
R( 1 Altl{R RltlG
BRAKE (VLIHOER PISTO'l
(l001
Fig. 9.3 EKp loded view of the front brake calipe( on fater models (Sec 5)
RING
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Chapter 9 Braking system 147
Br;'lke IlIlInU
Wheel Adjustment
"m
cylinder --·-·_.L
-::&#39;~~:.J/
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• shoe hold down spring/pin
Br.lke shoe
Fig. 9
.5 Rear brake shoe components on later m odels (Sec 7)
All models 11 Check the wheel cylinder lor leaks and lor Ioee moyemen t of the
piston(s). Apply a hule brake urease to Ihe shoe contac t points on the
backpla te. wheel cylinde r, anchOr and sell-adjusting mechanism. On
early models check th<lt the wheel cylinder is free \0 moye up <lnd down in the backplate <lnd "pply <l hule brake grease to the sliding Surfaces .
12 Fit the new brilke shoes using a reyers .. 1 01 the remoyal procedure,
but check that the self-.. djusting mechanism is set to the minimum
posi tion belore refilling the drum .
13 Finilily apply lhe loo tbrake firmly several times. On later models this will actua1e the self-adjus ting mechanism; however. on e<lrly models, re le<lse the footbr<lko then <lpply the hondbrake seyerill times until the ra tche t is heard to s top turning.
'
Wheel cylinder _ remo yal. oyerhaul and re fitting
Remove lhe rear urake shoes as described in Section 7.
2 Fit a hose clalllp to the fle~ible hose leading to the reaf br .. kes. If a hose ci<lmp is not <lyail<lble, tig hten a piece 01 polythene sheet beneath the Iluid reseryoi r hiler cap to help reduce any lIuid loss. 3 Unscrew the union nut(s) connecting the rigid b rake line(s) to the re<lr 01 the wheel cylinde r.
4 On pre Oecembe r 1974 models remoye the split pin and clevis pin Irom the handb rake leyer <lnd pull 011 the rubber dUSI cover. Pull oul the two U·shaped plates and withdraw the wheel cylinder. NOle that
the spr ing plate is inser ted from the piston end 01 the wheel cylinder.
5 On I.ller models unbolt the wheel cylinde r from the backplate .
6 To dismantle thO wheel cylinder, remoye the clip where fitted then
prise the rubber boo t(s) from the cylinder body.
7 Extr.lct the piston( s) <lnd separa te the rubber boot(s)
8 Remoye the piston return spring .
9 Prise the seal(s) from the piston(s) , 10 Clean all thO compo nents in methylated spirits or clean hydraulic fluid then inspec t them for wea r and damage. Check the cylinder bote and piston{s) 10f scoring and corrosion. and il eviden t renew the
complete w heol cylinder. If the components are in good condition
ob tain a repair kit 01 seals.
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1 Chapter 9 Braki ng system 1 49
,1 M aste r cylinder -overhaul
With tho m<lster cylinder removed (SeClion 10) clean the exterior sudaces.
Girling type 2 Removo the SCleW$ and withdraw rhe fluid reservoir. twisting i as necesS,,'y from Ihe end seal. 3 Remove the twO seals afler cdraC ling the circlip ovor Ihe cnd seal. <1 Using II hOKagon key. unscrew Ihe relainer and hit oUllhe primary
recuperating valvo. Oepress Ihe primll'y piston during Ihis procedure. 5 Exl.;'!ct Ihe primary and secondary pistons. IOgether wi,h their associated components. noting Ihe order of lemOlln l. H nccessary top Ihe master cylinder on a block of wood or use air pressure from il foot pUIllP through the inlel porlS. G Separate rhe primmy ,10d secondary l)is10 11S irani lha intermediilte
sprinu . Uso tho !inUe.s 10 remove tile Ulilnd seDI from the primil'Y
r""' lon .
The secondil'y piSlon assembly should ho sOfh"ated by lilting the u"mblo leaf ove , Ihe shouldered cnd 01 tho viston . Using the lingo,s.
rr 'wo the se<ll from Ihe second,lfy I).ston . l ,opross Iho sccondilry sprinH. illiowinn Ihe vDlve stern 10 slide throu!Jh the keyholo in tho thimble. thus releasing tho tension on Iho
spnJlg
9 Dotach lhe villve space ,. tilking c<lre of the spring washer which win he lound IOCille(1 under tho villve he<l(!.
Teves (ATE) type 10 Dopress Ihe primary piston, thon oxtrnCtlhe circlip from the mOUlh of th o c ylindo r and also unscrew Ille SlOp screw. 11 Extract the primary piston componen ts noting Ihe order 0 1 removal. followed by Ihe secondary piston componenlS. If necessary top the
master cylinder on a block of wood or use air pressure from a 1001 pump through tho inlet ports. 12 Prise the seals from the pistons, nOling which way round they are lilled. then il necessary remove tho springs and seals. The prima ry
pis ton spring is retained by a screw.
Both types 13 Clean all tho components in melhylated spirits or brake fluid then
inspec t them for wear and damage. Check the cylinder bore and pistons for scorinu and corrosion. and if eviden t renew the complete nI<lster cylinder. If the componen ts are in good condition obtain a
.opair kit of seals. 14 Di p Ihe piston and seills in hydrilulic Iluid then reassemble Ihe m<lster cylinder in revorse order to dismantling. Make sure that Ihe seals a ro assemble d tho COffect way round as previously noted. Note thaI the secondary seals may be idontif ied with a silver band. On Iho Girling Iype make sure Ih<lllhe shim on Iho end valve is fined with liS
convex side against Ihe shoulder nange. Belore refiuing the fluid reservoi r on lhe Girling type ch ock that the recupera ling valve is open wllh Ihe prim<lry piston released, and closed when I he piston is
depressed.
1
2~
3~
13
1
2
3
4 5 6
7 8
R
22
21
Fig. 9
.8 Exploded view 01 the Girlin g master cylinder (Sec 11)
Filler cap 9 Seal 16 Secondary piston
Seal 10 MaSler cylinder body 17 Seal
Seal !Clainer
11 WiJslrer 18 Rell11i1er
Fluid reservoi r 12 Reservoir relaining screw 19 Spring
Seal
1 3 Seal 20 Spring fl/Miner
Relainer
14 Primary piSlon 21 Valve
Primary fCCllpCfaling valve
15 Spring 22 Seal
Circlip
10
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1
I
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J
,[
1
I
I
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Chapter 9 Braking system
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: ~~ 11111JIII/IIIJ II /I /III Ii hIIllllIlIlIllllIlll 11111#111111 III! -------
8
9
Fig. 9.11 Exploded view o f Iho pressure d ifferenti<ll switch (Sec 12)
I Fron( /)',l/a.' inlet ullioll 2 W ,)Silms 3 Pj~(UflS
J Pressure reducing vulve -description. remalln' nnd refitting
<1 SCi/Is 5 W,If/ll//y $wl(ch (j [lid ilIIIY
All models from ~pproxirniltely 1978 me lilted with il pressure ,educing valve in the rC~f hydraulic Cifelli!. The IInlve is IOCillCd on the lower Icft- hJrHJ side of the engine compn((mcnt (phOIO) ,mel 11 effectively limIts the hrakin\1 force DV<J,lilblc \0 the Ie ... wheels dUring hCilvy bri'Jking to prevent reM wheel locking, 2 Checking of the vnlvc requires the use of a pressure IJ<luge and .. therefore, Ihis work should be Cilrricd out by il Ford U~r~Ue. 3 To remove the valve, first tightell a piece of polythene sheellnu bene;]1h the brake fluid reservoir fdler c~p to reduce the loss of fluid.
4 Unscrew the twO union nuts then disconnect ~nd pluU the pipes .
5 Unscrew the mounting bolts ,md remove the unit.
6 Refitting is a reversal of removal, but on completion bleed the
hydraulic system as descrihed in Section 15.
1 4
Hydraulic pipes and hoses -removal and refittin g
7 8.1/1 8 Body 9 R(lb/w( cover
First wke meilsures to reduce the loss 01 hydraulic fluid. If ~ rig id
pipe downstream of a fle~ible hose is being removed fit ~ hose clamp to
the hose . If this is not possible tighten a piece 01 polythene sheetinu
beneath th e livid reservoi r filler cap. 13
.1
Rear brake pressure reducing valve
2 To femove a figid pipe, unscrew the union nutS;]1 each cnd and release the pipe from the retaining ctrps. wh(Jre /riled.
be retained as a gUide.
151
)TO remove 11 fle~ible hose, lirst disconnec t the rigid pipes IN u"screwing the union nuts then unscrew the nuts securing the hose to
the 1l10unting brackets .
4 RiUid brake pipes arc normally made up from straight pipe using special bending <.rnd flare· forming lools. The old pipe should therefore 5
Refitt ing
is J revNsal o f removal, but make sure thJtlle~ible hoses
arc positioned clear of suspension or steering cOlilpo rwnts which
could chafe them. Finally bleed the hydrauhc system as deSCribed in Section 15.
••
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152 Chapter 9 Braking system
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OIOIN -.1
(2 ~i MMI __ J-j -I , h= .. OJ"N , r-t1 8 7MH)
Fig. 9 .12 Modified screVlldrivcr f o r CC01t;llisillg {he IHcss urc different;", switch pisto n (SIlC 15 )
15 Hydraulic systerll -hfccdiliU
The correct functioning 01 the bfl,kc hyd,~ulo<.: sy Stem IS only possible aile! removal of all ai, from the components ilnd CIICUI1. Ihis is ilchieved by bleeding the system. Note \h<ll only etc;on IInus.:d tUilke fluid, which hilS renlilincd unshaken 10/ at least 24 hours, l11uSl he used. 2 IIlhcf(l is any POSSibIlity 01 jncolfI~cl flUId havU\g bee n usc\ 1 III the sys tem. the brilkc hnes "nd component s must be compll!lely flushed wllh IInconl,lrll'Jlilled fluid ,mel new seals hned \0 the componCllIs. 3 Never reuse lJ<ilke fluid which hi'S been bled Irom Ihe syswrn . " DUJmU tlHI prm:edure. do nul illiow Ihe level of br(lke fluid 10 lhup IIlure th,]I hilifway Ilown the .ese.voll 5 Uclorl! Sla rtlnu wmk. chock Ih<1l illl I)II)OS imd hoses ale socllfe. UIHons IIUht allli bleed screws closed. T"ke U,eal Cilre not to .. lIuw hr"ke flUId to come inlO COn1ilCt wllh the cal pil;ntwork, othe.wlse the ~h WIll 1)0 scrlously do1"'ilued . W<lsh 011 any spilled lIuld .Icrlr;llely wilh cold wawr. G If the hydraulic SYSlem h<ls only heen Ihl.t;"lIy (hsconneclCd .md ~ ble l)reC"utions were laken 10 prevent fuuher loss of fluid. Ihen il shlll/id only he nccessmy 10 hleed the hfllke conce.nCl!. or Ihill pill I of the ci,cull 'downstreDrll' frorn where the work look !}Iace 7 Where a I),es su.e dlf!e,enlial SWlich is !I!wd (Section 12) it will 1)0 I1ecessnry lor an asslstanl to hold the mtemal pistun in the cen tral positIon du.ing Ihe bleeding opcf1llion. otherWise " WIll be dlfficuJ t to uelthe warning h\)htto go out ilnd stay oul A screwdllver mOdIfied as shown in Fig . 9.12 should lJe inselted through thO baso 01 the hydrauliC body after removing the ,ubber cover.
8 II possible, one 01 the DIY brake bleedIng k'ls avaIlable frorn ncccssory shops shoul d be used, paltlcul1\lly tho typo which p,essulisos the system. as they \)rea tly simphly the task and leduce the risk 01 expelled air and lIuid being drawn back rlI10 the systelli. Whell.! ono of these kilS is being used, follow Ihe milnlliacturer's instructions concerning its operiltion. 9 If a brake bleedmg ki t is nOI being used, the sys!Cm may be blcd in the COllVCntlOllill Wily ilS lollows: 10 Ohlain a cleill1 glass Iilr. a suililble lel1glh 01 pillstic or rubbe. tubin g willch IS a 1Ight fll over the bleed sc rews. a tIn of the speciflod hrake lIuld ~nd the help of an ilssis tant. 11 Depress the b.ake pedal seve'<lltimes to dlssipille any vacuumlrom tho servo uni •. 12 Clean Iho area around the bleed screw ilild remove Ihe rubbor dust COlD (photo). If the complele ~ystem is 10 he bled. stalt at the 1I{JllI·hand Iront bl(lke 1: I the tuhe to the bleed screw, inse" Ille 111)0 end of the tube into
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15 12 Ruhhe. (i'lsi C,lP 011 Ironi brake Cilllper
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J;II ill111 porn 111 sull,c.(,:nt hrilkc lIuld 10 keep Ihe end 0 1 Ihe tube ,"uhml!r!Jed . Opel1the IJIL'Cd screw hall a ilIOn anti hnve your ilSSlstilnt dnp,nss IIII! IHilk e pedal In the flOOr and then relColse il. Tlghton Ihe billed ~r.rew ill Ihe end 0 1 cilch downstoko to prevent Ihe e_I)OJled <IiI ;111(1 fhud lroml)Olnu drllwn IhlCk IntO the system Repeatlhe puxodure IInt,1 clean blake fluili. fICO from all buhhles, ell" be sccn emcrging hUln the rube. then hllally lighlen the bleed screw . ..,,,,ove the tuho illld ,elll the dust Cilp . Remember to check the hwke flun! level 111 the IflSCIVOII pellod,cillly and keel) II lopped tip III !lepeat Ihe procedure 011 Ihe left-hand 1,0111 "rake 1"lIowell hy Ihe Jelt-hand rca. hr;lke. Note thai there '5 110 hleed screw on the IIUhl ·h lll1( llI!ar iI'ilk,] as the flUId ,s supplred dlll:l;tlhr{lII!11i Ihe wheel ,:ylnldl!r to Ihe l"'l ·hilllll,c." h •• ,ke When cOllipleted. rec heck Iho flu.d l"vl·1 Ul the leSl!rVUIf. lUI' IIp If n(,:ccssil'y ;Inl ,01,1 the cap .
1 5 D,'press the hlake pcllal sevel,,1 I""es, It should feci 111111 <llIti free ito", 'SPUIIUIIICS5' whIch would ",lflcHte ill( IS slllI presenl 111 the
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16 Foolbrake pod,,1 -removal and .elillinll
Wo.kll1g InSide Ihe CM, ,emove the lower In c. a I","el below the 511,."," Ill!! C()IUIllIl 2 F.xlrilct the chI' ilnd pull out the clOVIS pIn "t1achlng thc servo pushrO<i 10 the 1)(1(1011 3 Unhook the rei"," Sl)ring. 1 Hemove lhe SpIIIIg c!rp and slide the pedal from the shah. 5 Clea" the cmllllOIIcnts ehen ex1lmrno them lor wea, and damage.
Th o bushes may be renewed separately if neCeSSilry by driving thel11 hom the pcdaL G Rehlllng.s a reve,sal 01 ,emoval. but lubrIcate Ihe bushes, sh<lll and devls pIn wllh a !rille grease .
17 Stop lamp switch _ removal, refilling aile! il(ljuslmenl
WOlking inSldc the car. remove the lower I"cia p"nel bolOw the slcCllng cOl ullin. 2 D,sconnoct the wiling plug, unscrew the locking nut and detach the swiech (photo).
3 Refilling is il revers<ll 01 lemov<ll, bUI adjust the Jlosition 01 Ihe switch so Ihal when Iho 100lbr;lke pedal is al Ihe reSt pOSlilon the switch is depressed hatl it s 10tal travel <1 On completioll, check Ihat the swiech operales correctly.
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Chapter 10 S uspension and steering 163
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Fig. 10.7 Coil spri n g compressor lOo ls (Sec 6 )
\.
FiU. 1 0 .8 C o rn pressi nu the frOllt Goil spring ( S ec 6)
~ " / ron t stobiliser bar clamp mountrng
2 Mount the strut firmly i n ~ vice .
3 Fit t he spring compressor tool(s) to the coil spring and compress the spring until it is juSt clear of the upper mounting. Milke sure tho t the
1001 is f ully engilged with the spring.
4 Prise off Ihe plastic cap then unscrew Ihe pis ton nut ~nd remove
t he cranked
retoiner .
F ig . 10 .9 CU\·
ilWilY view o f th e front coil spring nnd strut mountin g compo nents (Sec 6)
A Shack absorbfN pis/ull B 51,,11
5 Remove Ihe upper 1110unling lollowed by Ihe corl spring. rebOllnd
rubber and lowe r sprrnU seal. G The coil springs are colour· coded ,1nd II a new sprong 's being I,!led
il muSI hilve the same colour code.
7 Ref itting is a reve,sal 01 removal. but il Will be neceSS<lry 10 I"S I fll the compressor 1001 10 Ihe coil spring. Where a dished washer is I ,tted 10 Ihe piSlOn lod. Ihe convex Side must foce upw<llds . Fn II new piston
nlll _ using locking fluid on its thre<lds. Do not fully tighlen the piston
nul until Ihe weighl of Ihe car is on the suspension and. when l ightening il. posilion the cranked retainer wIth ilS twO ears al 90' to
lhe centre.line of Ihe CM. Where the p iSlon rod incorpor<lleS a slot.
crrmp the nut
II~nge into the 5101
7 F ront stabiliser bar -removal <lnd refitting
Apply t
he hand brake then Jack up the front of the car and supporl
on axle stands. Remove Ihe fronl roadwheels.
2 Working under Ihe CM at the Irani. knock back the loc king tabS on the four baits securing tile two f,ont ct~mps Iha t hold the swb,hser ba r
t o the frame and then undo t he four bol tS and remove lhe clampS <lnd
rubber insulJtors (phOIO). 3 Remove the split pins 110m the cJstellated nu ts rewin in g the stabiliser bar to the Irack control arms, then undo Ihe nu ts and pull off
,
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