engine FORD F650 2017 13.G Workshop Manual

filter system. You can switch off automatic
regeneration until better driving conditions
are available, for example steady high
speed driving. You can then switch
automatic regeneration back on to clean
the diesel particulate filter.
Switching Automatic Regeneration
Control On and Off
To switch operator commanded
regeneration on and off, use the
information display control on the steering
wheel. See Information Display Control
(page 45). Scroll to the exhaust cleaning
message and then select Y or N to switch
it On or Off.
How to Interrupt or Cancel Operator
Commanded Regeneration
If you need to cancel the operator
commanded regeneration, pressing the
brake, accelerator or switching the engine
off stops the procedure. Depending on the
amount of time you allowed the operator
commanded regeneration to operate, soot
may not have had sufficient time to be fully
eliminated, but the exhaust system and
exhaust gas may still be hot. If you shut
your vehicle off during operator
commanded regeneration, you may notice
turbo flutter. This is a normal consequence
caused by shutting off a diesel engine
during boosted operation and is considered
normal.
Filter Service and Maintenance
Over time, a slight amount of ash builds
up in the diesel particulate filter, which is
not removed during the regeneration
process. The filter may need to be removed
for ash cleaning at approximately
120,000 mi (190,000 km)
or it may need
to be replaced with a new or
remanufactured part. Actual mileage
varies depending on engine and vehicle operating conditions. The filter may need
to be replaced with a new or
remanufactured part at approximately
250,000 mi (400,000 km)
. Actual
mileage varies depending on engine and
vehicle operating conditions. If filter service is required, the
engine control system warning
lamp illuminates in the
information display. If there are any issues with the
diesel particulate filter system,
the engine control system
warning lamp and a service
engine soon warning lamp
illuminate to inform you that
your vehicle requires service. Have your
vehicle checked as soon as possible.
Resonator and Tailpipe Assembly
Maintenance
Aftermarket devices or modifications to
the exhaust system may reduce the
effectiveness of the exhaust system as
well as cause damage to the exhaust
system or engine. This may also degrade
vehicle performance and could lead to
engine damage that may not be covered
by the vehicle Warranty.
Emission Control System Laws WARNING
Do not remove or alter the original
equipment floor covering or
insulation between it and the metal
floor of the vehicle. The floor covering and
insulation protect occupants of the vehicle
from the engine and exhaust system heat
and noise. On vehicles with no original
equipment floor covering insulation, do not
carry passengers in a manner that permits
prolonged skin contact with the metal
floor. Failure to follow these instructions
may result in fire or personal injury. 109
F-650/750 (TBC) , enUSA, First Printing Fuel and Refueling

In the United States, federal law and
certain state laws prohibit removing or
rendering the emission control system
inoperative. Similar federal or provincial
laws may apply in Canada. We do not
recommend any vehicle modification
without determining applicable law.
Tampering with emissions
control system, including related
sensors or the diesel exhaust
fluid injection system can result in reduced
engine power and the service engine soon
warning lamp illuminating in the
information display.
Tampering with a Noise Control
System
Federal law prohibits the following acts or
the causing thereof:
• The removal or rendering inoperative
by any person other than for purposes
of maintenance, repair or replacement
of any device or element of design
incorporated into any new vehicle for
the purpose of noise control prior to its
sale or delivery to the ultimate
purchaser or while it is in use.
• The use of the vehicle after such device
or element of design has been removed
or rendered inoperative by any person.
Among those acts, which the United States
Environmental Protection Agency may
presume to constitute tampering are the
acts listed below:
• Removal of hood blanket, fender apron
absorbers, fender apron barriers,
underbody noise shields or acoustically
absorptive material.
• Tampering or rendering inoperative the
engine speed governor, to allow engine
speed to exceed manufacturer ’s
specifications. The complexity of the diesel engine makes
it so the owner is discouraged from
attempting to perform maintenance other
than the services described in this Owner's
Manual.
If you experience difficulty starting the
engine, rough idling, excessive exhaust
smoke, a decrease in engine performance
or excess fuel consumption, perform the
following checks:
•
A plugged or disconnected air inlet
system or engine air filter element.
• Water in the fuel filter and water
separator.
• A clogged fuel filter.
• Contaminated fuel.
• Air in the fuel system, due to loose
connections.
• An open or pinched sensor hose.
• Check engine oil level.
• Wrong fuel or oil viscosity for the
climatic conditions.
If these checks do not help you correct the
engine performance problem you are
experiencing, have your vehicle checked
as soon as possible.
Noise Emissions Warranty, Prohibited
Tampering Acts and Maintenance
On January 1, 1978, Federal regulation
became effective governing the noise
emission on vehicles weighing over
10,000 lb (4,536 kg) Gross Vehicle Weight
Rating. The preceding statements
concerning prohibited tampering acts and
maintenance, and the noise warranty
found in the Warranty Guide, are
applicable to complete chassis cabs over
10,000 lb (4,536 kg) Gross Vehicle Weight
Rating.
110
F-650/750 (TBC) , enUSA, First Printing Fuel and Refueling

AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION
WARNING
Always set the parking brake fully
and make sure you shift the gearshift
lever to park (P). Switch the ignition
off and remove the key whenever you leave
your vehicle. Understanding the Shift Positions
of a 6–
Speed Automatic
Transmission (If Equipped) Putting your vehicle in or out of gear:
1. Fully press down the brake pedal.
2. Move the gearshift lever into the
desired gear.
3. Come to a complete stop.
4. Move the gearshift lever and securely latch it in park (P) or neutral (N).
Park (P) (If Equipped)
If your transmission has a park position,
this position locks the transmission and
prevents the rear wheels from turning.
Reverse (R)
With the gearshift lever in reverse (R), your
vehicle moves backward. Always come to
a complete stop before shifting into and
out of reverse (R). Neutral (N)
With the gearshift lever in neutral (N), you
can start your vehicle and it is free to roll.
Hold the brake pedal down while in this
position.
Drive (D)
Drive (D) is the normal driving position for
the best fuel economy. The overdrive
function allows automatic upshifts and
downshifts through gears one through six.
M (Manual)
With the gearshift lever in manual (M), the
driver can change gears up or down as
desired. By moving the gearshift lever from
drive position drive (D) to manual (M) you
now have control of selecting the gear you
desire using buttons on the shift lever. See
Understanding your SelectShift
Automatic
™ transmission later in this
section.
To return to normal drive (D) position,
move the shift lever back from manual (M)
to drive (D).
The transmission operates in gears one
through six.
Second (2)
Transmission operates in second (2) gear
only. Use second (2) gear to start-up on
slippery roads.
First (1)
• Transmission operates in first (1) gear
only.
• Provides maximum engine braking.
• Allows upshifts by moving gearshift
lever.
• Does not downshift into first (1) gear
at high speeds; allows for first (1) gear
when vehicle reaches slower speeds.
112
F-650/750 (TBC) , enUSA, First Printing TransmissionE163183

Forced downshifts
•
Allowed in drive (D) with the tow/haul
feature on or off.
• Press the accelerator to the floor.
• Allows transmission to select an
appropriate gear.
Tow/Haul Mode To activate tow/haul, press the
button on the gearshift lever
once. The TOW HAUL indicator
light illuminates in the instrument cluster.
The tow/haul feature:
• Delays upshifts to reduce the frequency
of transmission shifting.
• Provides engine braking in all forward
gears, which slows your vehicle and
assists you in controlling your vehicle
when descending a grade.
• Depending on driving conditions and
load conditions, may downshift the
transmission, slow your vehicle and
control your vehicle speed when
descending a hill, without pressing the
accelerator pedal. The amount of
downshift braking provided will vary
based upon the amount you press the
brake pedal.
The tow/haul feature improves
transmission operation when towing a
trailer or a heavy load. All transmission
gear ranges are available when using
tow/haul.
To deactivate the tow/haul feature and
return to normal driving mode, press the
button on the gearshift lever twice. The
TOW HAUL light deactivates. Tow/haul
also deactivates when you power down
your vehicle. WARNING
Do not use the tow/haul feature
when driving in icy or slippery
conditions as the increased engine
braking can cause the rear wheels to slide
and your vehicle to swing around with the
possible loss of vehicle control. Understanding your SelectShift™
Automatic transmission (If Equipped)
Your vehicle is equipped with a SelectShift
Automatic transmission gearshift lever.
SelectShift Automatic transmission gives
you the ability to change gears up or down
(without a clutch) as desired. Use the buttons on the shifter to lock or
unlock gears and manually select gears.
Press the + button to upshift or the –
button to downshift.
113
F-650/750 (TBC) , enUSA, First Printing TransmissionE161509 E163184 E163183

With the gearshift lever in drive (D), press
the – button to activate SelectShift. The
instrument cluster indicates the available
and selected gears.
All available gears display with the current
gear indicated. Press the – button again to
lock out gears beginning with the highest
gear. Example: press the – button twice to
lock out 6th and 5th gears. Only the
available gears display and the
transmission automatically shifts between
the available gears. Press the + button to
unlock gears.
By moving the gearshift lever from the drive
(D) position to the manual (M) position
you may now manually select the gear you
desire. Only the current gear displays. Press
the + button or the – button to upshift or
downshift. If you press the – button at a
vehicle speed that would cause an engine
overspeed, the requested gear flashes then
disappears and the transmission remains
in the current gear.
Recommended shift speeds
Upshift according to the following chart:Upshifts when accelerating (recommended for best fuel economy)
Diesel engines
Gasoline engines
Shift from:
12 mph (19 km/h)
15 mph (24 km/h)
1 – 2
19 mph (31 km/h)
25 mph (40 km/h)
2 – 3
26 mph (42 km/h)
40 mph (64 km/h)
3 – 4
34 mph (55 km/h)
45 mph (72 km/h)
4 – 5
46 mph (74 km/h)
50 mph (80 km/h)
5 – 6
In order to prevent the engine from running
at too low an RPM, which may cause it to
stall, SelectShift still automatically makes
some downshifts if it has determined that
you have not downshifted in time.
Although SelectShift makes some
downshifts for you, it still allows you to
downshift at any time as long as the
SelectShift determines that there is no
damage to the engine from over-revving.
SelectShift does not automatically upshift,
even if the engine is approaching the RPM
limit. You must shift manually by pressing
the + button.
Note: Engine damage may occur if you rev
the engine excessively and hold it without
shifting. Automatic Transmission Adaptive
Learning
This feature's design is to increase
durability and provide consistent shift feel
over the life of your vehicle. A new vehicle
or transmission may have firm shifts, soft
shifts or both. This operation is normal and
does not affect function or durability of the
transmission. Over time, the adaptive
learning process fully updates transmission
operation. Additionally, whenever you
disconnect the battery or install a new
battery, the system must relearn the
strategy.
114
F-650/750 (TBC) , enUSA, First Printing Transmission

9. Start your vehicle.
Perform Steps 4 through 8 in reverse order,
making sure to engage the hinge pivots
between the upper and lower halves of the
shroud. Keep slight pressure in the forward
direction as you rotate the halves together.
If Your Vehicle Gets Stuck In Mud
or Snow
Note:
Do not rock your vehicle if the engine
is not at normal operating temperature or
damage to the transmission may occur.
Note: Do not rock your vehicle for more
than a minute or damage to the
transmission and tires may occur, or the
engine may overheat.
If your vehicle is stuck in mud or snow, you
may rock it out by shifting between forward
and reverse gears, stopping between shifts
in a steady pattern. Press lightly on the
accelerator in each gear.
POWER TAKE-OFF (If Equipped)
Auxiliary equipment called power take-off,
or PTO, is often added to the engine or
transmission to operate utility equipment.
Examples include a wheel-lift for tow
trucks, cranes, tools for construction or tire
service and pumping fluids. PTO
applications draw auxiliary horsepower
from the powertrain, often while the vehicle is stationary or mobile. In the
stationary condition, there is limited
cooling air flow through the radiator and
around the vehicle that normally occurs
when a vehicle is moving. The aftermarket
PTO system installer, having the most
knowledge of the final application, is
responsible for determining whether
additional chassis heat protection or
powertrain cooling is required and alerting
the user to the safe and proper operation.
Your vehicle is approved for use as a
Stationary Mode, SplitShaft Mode or
Mobile Mode power source within the limits
and operating guidelines detailed in the
Ford Truck Body Builders Layout Book,
found at
www.fleet.ford.com/truckbbas.com and
through the Ford Truck Body Builders
Advisory Service. The transmission power
source modes are engine specific.
116
F-650/750 (TBC) , enUSA, First Printing TransmissionE163186

WARNING
Sudden accelerations on slippery
surfaces could cause the wheels to
spin, the vehicle to turn sideways on
a crowned road surface or in a turn,
possibly resulting in loss of vehicle control
and personal injury. Activating the Locking Differential
You can lock and unlock the differential
when your vehicle is moving at a constant
speed of less than 25 mph (40 km/h) and
while the wheels are not slipping. Do not
lock the differential when your vehicle is
traveling down steep grades and when
traction is minimal.
The differential lock and differential lock
light automatically disengage at speeds
above 25 mph (40 km/h). The differential
lock remains off until either you restart your
vehicle or you turn the differential lock
switch off then back on.
Servicing a Vehicle with a Locking
Differential
Turn the engine off and raise all drive
wheels of the locker differential axle in
order to prevent your vehicle from moving
when servicing the wheels, tires or brakes.
Axles equipped with a driver-controlled
differential deliver power to both wheels
even when only one wheel is on the ground. WARNING
Failure to raise all drive wheels with
this type of differential could cause
the vehicle to move unexpectedly,
resulting in property damage, personal
injury or death. 2-SPEED REAR AXLE
(If Equipped)
WARNING
Never shift a two-speed axle when
descending a steep grade as this
may cause loss of vehicle control and
result in personal injury. Note:
Do not shift between ranges when
the speed control is on.
A two-speed rear axle allows the driver to
select a low range for greater pulling power
and a high range for greater road speed
and fuel economy. You can also use these
ranges to provide extra steps between
transmission shifts when driving on steep
grades or fuel economy may be factors.
Axle Shifting Note:
Do not shift the axle to LOW when
your vehicle is moving. Use LOW when you
drive a fully loaded vehicle on a severe grade
or in congested traffic. Use HIGH for all
normal driving conditions with a lightly
loaded or partially loaded vehicle.
Note: The axle is set to HIGH by default.
To shift the axle between HIGH and LOW
with the vehicle stopped, place the
transmission in position N, then press and
hold the button for two seconds.
118
F-650/750 (TBC) , enUSA, First Printing Rear AxleE208228

GENERAL INFORMATION
WARNINGS
Do not drive with your foot resting on
the brake pedal. This results in
abnormally high brake temperatures,
excessive lining wear and increased
stopping distance. Continuous application of the brakes
causes the brakes to overheat,
resulting in temporary loss of braking.
Note:
Occasional brake noise is normal. If
a metal-to-metal, continuous grinding or
continuous squeal sound is present, the
brake linings may be worn-out. Have the
system checked by an authorized dealer. If
your vehicle has continuous vibration or
shudder in the steering wheel while braking,
have it checked by an authorized dealer.
All standard equipment brakes are
self-adjusting. Automatic adjustment,
when required, occurs whenever you apply
and release the brakes during forward or
reverse operation.
Know the required stopping distances for
all driving conditions you may encounter.
For longer brake lining life, take full
advantage of engine braking power when
coming to a stop. See Warning Lamps and
Indicators (page 58).
Wet brakes result in reduced braking
efficiency. Gently press the brake pedal a
few times when driving from a car wash or
standing water to dry the brakes.
If brakes do not grip well:
• Check brake adjustment.
• Check brake linings for excessive wear.
• Check system air pressure on vehicle
equipped with air brakes. •
Let the brakes cool if you have been
using them excessively, as in mountain
driving or after several fast, high-speed
stops.
• If you have been driving through deep
water, gently apply the brakes several
times while your vehicle is moving
slowly.
Brake Over Accelerator
In the event the accelerator pedal
becomes stuck or entrapped, apply steady
and firm pressure to the brake pedal to
slow the vehicle and reduce engine power.
If you experience this condition, apply the
brakes and bring your vehicle to a safe
stop. Move the transmission to park (P),
switch the engine off and apply the parking
brake. Inspect the accelerator pedal for
any interference. If none are found and the
condition persists, have your vehicle towed
to the nearest authorized dealer
Anti-lock Brake System
This system helps you maintain steering
control during emergency stops by keeping
the brakes from locking. This lamp momentarily
illuminates when you turn the
ignition on. If the light does not
illuminate during start up, remains on or
flashes, the system may be disabled. Have
the system checked by an authorized
dealer. If the system is disabled, normal
braking is still effective. If the
brake warning lamp illuminates
when you release the parking brake, have
the system checked by an authorized
dealer.
119
F-650/750 (TBC) , enUSA, First Printing BrakesE209041 E209041

Releasing Spring Manually
WARNINGS
Do not attempt to disassemble the
parking brake air chamber under any
circumstances as this may cause
serious injury. Block the wheels to help prevent the
vehicle from moving.
Unexpected and possibly sudden
vehicle movement may occur if you
do not take these precautions.
If you release hydraulic pressure from the
spring brake chamber, the power spring
applies the brake. If the hydraulic pressure
can be re-established, you must release
the spring brake in order to move your
vehicle.
Air Brakes
WARNING
This control is for parking only. Do
not leave the vehicle unattended
after setting the parking brake
without placing the transmission in park
(P). We recommend using wheel chocks
for hilly or off-road circumstances. If the service brakes fail to operate while
your vehicle is moving, you can make an
emergency stop with the parking brake.
Since the parking brake only applies
stopping power to the rear wheels, your
vehicle
’s stopping distance greatly
increases and the handling of your vehicle
is adversely affected. Make repairs
immediately to an inoperative air brake
system circuit. Pull the yellow, dash-mounted parking
brake knob to apply the parking brake.
The parking brake light
illuminates and remains
illuminated (when you switch
the ignition to the on position) until you
release the parking brake.
Releasing the Parking Brake WARNING
Hold the brake pedal down when
moving the gearshift lever. If you do
not hold down the brake pedal, the
vehicle may move unexpectedly, resulting
in property damage, personal injury or
death. Note:
Read and understand the following
steps and perform them whenever you
prepare to drive the vehicle.
Note: The parking brake does not disengage
unless sufficient system air pressure is
available.
1. Press and hold the service brake pedal
while the engine is running.
2. Select the appropriate drive gear.
3. Push and hold the yellow dash-mounted parking brake knob until
the parking brake light turns off, then
release.
121
F-650/750 (TBC) , enUSA, First Printing BrakesE210341 E208810

FULL POWER BRAKE
WARNING
If the brake warning lamp in the
instrument cluster remains
illuminated after engine start up, this
indicates a system failure in the Full Power
Brake system. Stop the vehicle safely as
soon as possible and seek service
immediately. This system incorporates standard braking,
an anti-lock braking system (ABS) and
optional Power Park Brake into one fully
integrated hydraulic brake system. With
the Full Power Brake system, braking
energy is stored, similar to an air brake
system, resulting in faster response times
and shorter stopping distances. This is
accomplished using motor and pump
assemblies that pressurize the system by
pumping brake fluid into accumulators.
This is similar to the air compressor of an
air brake system pressurizing the air tanks.
The system includes a master cylinder that
provides the normal pedal feel and
transfers the pedal force, via brake fluid,
to the main components of the system.
Note:
The motor and pumps run
momentarily with the ignition switch in the
on or run position, or in the off position with
the brake pedal pressed.
Note: During normal driving, you may hear
the pump and motors replenishing the
accumulators. This is a normal function of
the system. AIR BRAKES WARNINGS
Do not drive or continue to drive if the
low air pressure buzzer is sounding
or the brake warning light is lit. These
warnings indicate that air pressure is not
to normal operating level. Continued use
of the vehicle could result in loss of braking
ability. Avoid repeated light application of
the brake pedal. This depletes air
pressure faster and could result in
loss of braking capability. Do not move the vehicle when the
air pressure is insufficient because
the brake system may be inoperative.
After starting the engine, give the air
compressor time to build up the air
pressure to 60 psi (414 kPa) before moving
your vehicle. Periodically check the air pressure gauge
while driving. Pressure should range
between approximately 100 psi (690 kPa)
to
130 psi (896 kPa). The air compressor
governor cut-in and cutout pressure
settings are set at the factory and are not
adjustable.
123
F-650/750 (TBC) , enUSA, First Printing BrakesE210336