NISSAN X-TRAIL 2003 Service Repair Manual

TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS
BRC-77
[ESP/TCS/ABS]
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(Note 1): Check the pressure of the tyre in normal condition.
(Note 2): ON/OFF timing of the ABS warning lamp
ON: For approximately 0.5 seconds after the ignition switch is turned ON, or when a malfunction is detected.
OFF: Approximately 0.5 seconds after the ignition switch is turned ON (when the system is in normal operation).
(Note 3): ON/OFF timing of the ESP OFF indicator lamp
ON: For approximately 0.5 seconds after the ignition switch is turned ON, or when a malfunction is detected ESP OFF switch is ON.
OFF: Approximately 0.5 seconds after the ignition switch is turned ON (when the system is in normal operation) or when ESP OFF
switch is OFF.
(Note 4): SLIP indicator lamp ON/OFF timing
ON: For approximately 0.5 seconds after the ignition switch is turned ON, or when a malfunction is detected.
OFF: Approximately 0.5 seconds after the ignition switch is turned ON (when the system is in normal operation) and ESP/TCS function
is not activated.
Flashing: ESP/TCS function is active during driving.
CONSULT-II Functions EFS001A7
CONSULT-II MAIN FUNCTION
In a diagnosis function (main function), there are “WORK SUPPORT”, “SELF-DIAGNOSTIC RESULTS”,
“DATA MONITOR”, “CAN DIAG SUPPORT MNTR”, “ACTIVE TEST”, “FUNCTION TEST”, “ECU PART NUM-
BER”.
CONSULT-II BASIC OPERATION PROCEDURE
1. Turn ignition switch OFF.
2. Connect CONSULT-II and CONSULT-II CONVERTER to data link connector.
CAUTION:
If CONSULT-II is used with no connection of CONSULT-II CONVERTER, malfunctions might be
detected in self-diagnosis depending on control unit which carry out CAN communication.
3. Turn ignition switch ON.
4. Touch “START (NISSAN BASED VHCL)”.
Diagnostic
test modeFunction Reference
WORK SUP-
PORTThis mode enables a technician to adjust some devices faster and more accurately
by following the indications on CONSULT-II.BRC-51, "
Adjustment of
Steering Angle Sensor Neu-
tral Position"
SELF-DIAG-
NOSTIC
RESULTSSelf-diagnostic results can be read and erased quickly.BRC-79, "
SELF-DIAGNOSIS"
DATA MONI-
TORInput/Output data in the ESP/TCS/ABS control unit can be read.BRC-81, "DATA MONITOR"
CAN DIAG
SUPPORT
MNTRThe results of transmit/receive diagnosis of communication can be read. —
ACTIVE TESTDiagnostic Test Mode in which CONSULT-II drives some actuators apart from the
ESP/TCS/ABS control unit and also shifts some parameters in a specified range.BRC-84, "
ACTIVE TEST"
FUNCTION
TESTConducted by CONSULT-II instead of a technician to determine whether each sys-
tem is “OK” or “NG”.—
ECU PART
NUMBERESP/TCS/ABS control unit part number can be read. —
SKIA3098E

BRC-78
[ESP/TCS/ABS]
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS

5. Touch “ABS” in the “SELECT SYSTEM” screen.
If “ABS” is not indicated, go to GI-35, "
CONSULT-II Data Link
Connector (DLC) Circuit" .
6. Select the required diagnostic location from the “SELECT DIAG
MODE” screen.
For further information, see CONSULT-II Operation Manual.
SFIA1816E
SFIA2436E

TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS
BRC-79
[ESP/TCS/ABS]
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SELF-DIAGNOSIS
Description

If an error is detected in the system, ABS warning lamp, ESP OFF indicator lamp and SLIP indicator lamp
on the combination meter turn on. In this case, perform self-diagnosis as follows:

While CONSULT-II is used, ABS warning lamp, ESP OFF indicator lamp, SLIP indicator lamp may be
turned on in a case of no malfunctioning.
Operation Procedure
1. Turn ignition switch OFF.
2. Connect CONSULT-II and CONSULT-II CONVERTER to data link connector.
CAUTION:
If CONSULT-II is used with no connection of CONSULT-II CONVERTER, malfunctions might be
detected in self-diagnosis depending on control unit which carry out CAN communication.
3. Turn ignition switch ON.
4. Start engine and drive at 30 km/h (19 MPH) or more for approximately 1 minute.
5. After stopping vehicle, with the engine running, touch “START (NISSAN BASED VHCL)”, “ABS”, “SELF-
DIAG RESULTS” in order on the CONSULT-II screen.
CAUTION:
If “START (NISSAN BASED VHCL)” is touched immediately after starting engine or turning on the
ignition switch, “ABS” might not be displayed in the System Selection screen. In this case, repeat
the operation from step 1. If it cannot be shown after several attempts, ABS actuator and electric
unit (control unit) may have malfunctioned.
6. The self-diagnostic results are displayed. (If necessary, the self-diagnostic results can be printed out by
touching “PRINT”.)

When “NO FAILURE” is displayed, check ABS warning lamp, ESP OFF indicator lamp and SLIP indica-
tor lamp.
7. Perform the appropriate inspection from the display item list, and repair or replace the malfunctioning
component.
8. Drive the vehicle at 30 km/h (19 MPH) or more for approximately 1 minute.
CAUTION:

In a case that a wheel sensor is malfunctioning, ABS warning lamp, ESP OFF indicator lamp,
SLIP indicator lamp will turn on. If vehicle is not driven at approximately 30 km/h (19 MPH) or
more for at least approximately 1 minute after repair of the wheel sensor system, ABS warning
lamp, ESP OFF indicator lamp and SLIP indicator lamp may not turn off even if everything is
normal. Check again to make sure that there is no malfunction on other parts.
9. Turn ignition switch OFF to prepare for erasing the memory.
10. Start engine and touch “START (NISSAN BASED VHCL)”, “ABS”, “SELF-DIAG RESULTS”, “ERASE
MEMORY” in order on the CONSULT-II screen to erase the error memory.
If “ABS” is not indicated, go to GI-35, "
CONSULT-II Data Link Connector (DLC) Circuit" .
CAUTION:
If the error memory is not erased, re-perform the operation from step 5.
11. For the final inspection, drive at 30 km/h (19 MPH) or more for approximately 1 minute and confirm that
ABS warning lamp, ESP OFF indicator lamp and SLIP indicator lamp are OFF.

BRC-80
[ESP/TCS/ABS]
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS

Display Item List
Self-Diagnostic item Malfunction detecting condition Check route
FR LH SENSOR – 1 Circuit of front LH wheel sensor is open.
Wheel sensor and cir-
cuit. Refer to BRC-89
RR RH SENSOR – 1 Circuit of rear RH wheel sensor is open.
FR RH SENSOR – 1 Circuit of front RH wheel sensor is open.
RR LH SENSOR – 1 Circuit of rear LH wheel sensor is open.
FR LH SENSOR – 2 Front LH wheel sensor is shorted or input signal is abnormal.
RR RH SENSOR – 2 Rear RH wheel sensor is shorted or input signal is abnormal.
FR RH SENSOR – 2 Front RH wheel sensor is shorted or input signal is abnormal.
RR LH SENSOR – 2 Rear LH wheel sensor is shorted or input signal is abnormal.
MAIN RELAYDuring the actuator relay operating with OFF, when the actuator
relay turns ON. Or when the control line for the relay is shorted to
the ground.Actuator relay and cir-
cuit. Refer to BRC-101
During the actuator relay operating with ON, when the actuator
relay turns OFF, or when the control line for the relay is open.
STOP LAMP SW Stop lamp switch circuit is open.Stop lamp switch and cir-
cuit. Refer to BRC-103
PRESS SEN CIRCUIT Pressure sensor signal line is open or shorted, or pressure sen-
sor is abnormal.Pressure sensor and cir-
cuit. Refer to BRC-91
ST ANGLE SEN CIRCUIT Neutral position of steering angle sensor is dislocated, or the
steering angle sensor is abnormal.Steering angle sensor
and circuit. Refer to
BRC-93
YAW RATE SENOR Yaw rate sensor is abnormal, or the yaw rate sensor signal line is
open or shorted.Yaw rate/side Gsensor
and circuit. Refer to
BRC-95
FR LH IN ABS SOLCircuit of front LH wheel inlet solenoid valve is open or shorted,
or the control line is open or shorted to the power supply or the
ground.
Solenoid valve and cir-
cuit. Refer to BRC-96
FR LH OUT ABS SOLCircuit of front LH wheel outlet solenoid valve is open or shorted,
or the control line is open or shorted to the power supply or the
ground.
RR RH IN ABS SOLCircuit of rear RH wheel inlet solenoid valve is open or shorted,
or the control line is open or shorted to the power supply or the
ground.
RR RH OUT ABS SOLCircuit of rear RH wheel outlet solenoid valve is open or shorted,
or the control line is open or shorted to the power supply or the
ground.
FR RH IN ABS SOLCircuit of front RH wheel inlet solenoid valve is open or shorted,
or the control line is open or shorted to the power supply or the
ground.
FR RH OUT ABS SOLCircuit of front RH wheel outlet solenoid valve is open or shorted,
or the control line is open or shorted to the power supply or the
ground.
RR LH IN ABS SOLCircuit of rear LH wheel inlet solenoid valve is open or shorted, or
the control line is open or shorted to the power supply or the
ground.
RR LH OUT ABS SOLCircuit of rear LH wheel outlet solenoid valve is open or shorted,
or the control line is open or shorted to the power supply or the
ground.

TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS
BRC-81
[ESP/TCS/ABS]
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(note) “ACTUATOR RLY” on the CONSULT-II self-diagnosis results indicates the malfunction of the actuator motor relay and circuit.
DATA MONITOR
For details of the data monitor function, refer to CONSULT-II Instruction Manual.
USV LINE [FL-RR]ESP switch-over solenoid valve 1 on the primary side is open cir-
cuit or shorted, or the control line is open or shorted to the power
supply or the ground.
ESP switch-over sole-
noid valve and circuit.
Refer to BRC-96
. USV LINE [FR-RL]ESP switch-over solenoid valve 1 on the secondary side is open
circuit or shorted, or the control line is open or shorted to the
power supply or the ground.
HSV LINE [FL-RR]ESP switch-over solenoid valve 2 on the primary side is open cir-
cuit or shorted, or the control line is open or shorted to the power
supply or the ground.
HSV LINE [FR-RL]ESP switch-over solenoid valve 2 on the secondary side is open
circuit or shorted, or the control line is open or shorted to the
power supply or the ground.
PUMP MOTOR
ACTUATOR RLY (note) During the actuator motor operating with ON, when the actuator
motor turns OFF, or when the control line for actuator motor relay
is open.Actuator motor, motor
relay, and circuit. Refer
to BRC-99
During the actuator motor operating with OFF, when the actuator
motor turns ON, or when the control line for relay is shorted to
ground.
ABS SENSOR
[ABNORMAL SIGNAL]Wheel sensor input is abnormal.Wheel sensor and cir-
cuit. Refer to BRC-89
BATTERY VOLTAGE
[ABNORMAL]ESP/TCS/ABS control unit battery voltage is too low.ESP/TCS/ABS control
unit battery voltage cir-
cuit and ground circuit.
Refer to BRC-103
ST ANGLE SEN SIGNALNeutral position correction of steering angle sensor is not fin-
ished.Neutral position adjust-
ment of steering angle
sensor. Refer to BRC-
105
ST ANG SEN COM CIRCAN communication system or steering angle sensor is abnor-
mal.Steering angle sensor
and CAN communication
circuit. Refer to BRC-107
SIDE G-SEN CIRCUITSide G sensor is abnormal, or circuit of side G sensor is open or
shorted.Yaw rate/ Side G sensor
and circuit. Refer to
BRC-95
EMERGENCY BRAKEESP/TCS/ABS control unit malfunction (pressure increase is too
much or too little.)ESP/TCS/ABS control
unit. Refer to BRC-105
CONTROLLER FAILURE ESP/TCS/ABS internal malfunction of control unitESP/TCS/ABS control
unit. Refer to BRC-91
CAN COMM CIRCUIT

CAN communication line is open or shorted.

ESP/TCS/ABS control unit internal malfunction.

Battery voltage for ECM is interrupted instantaneously for
Approx. 0.5 seconds or more.Communication circuit
between ESP/TCS/ABS
control unit and units.
Refer to BRC-107
BR FLUID LEVEL LOWBrake fluid level drops or communication line between the ESP/
TCS/ABS control unit and brake fluid level warning switch is open
or shorted. Communication circuit
between the ESP/TCS/
ABS control unit and the
brake fluid level warning
switch.
Reservoir tank fluid.
Refer to BRC-106

ENGINE SIGNAL 1-4, 6 Major engine components are abnormal Engine system. Refer to
BRC-91
Self-Diagnostic item Malfunction detecting condition Check route

BRC-82
[ESP/TCS/ABS]
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS

Operation Procedure
1. After turning OFF ignition switch, connect CONSULT-II and CONVERTER to data link connector.
CAUTION:
If CONSULT-II is used with no connection of CONSULT-II CONVERTER, malfunctions might be
detected in self-diagnosis depending on control unit which carry out CAN communication.
2. Turn ignition switch ON.
3. Touch “START (NISSAN BASED VHCL)”, “ABS”, “DATA MONITOR” in order on the CONSULT-II screen.
If “ABS” is not indicated, go to GI-35, "
CONSULT-II Data Link Connector (DLC) Circuit" .
CAUTION:
When “START (NISSAN BASED VHCL)” is touched immediately after starting engine or turning on
ignition switch, “ABS” might not be displayed in the system selection screen. In this case, repeat
the operation from step 1.
4. Return to the Monitor Item Selection screen, and touch “ECU INPUT SIGNALS”, “MAIN SIGNALS” or
“SELECTION FROM MENU”. Refer to the following information.
5. When “START” is touched, the data monitor screen is displayed.
Display Item List
Data Monitor Item (Unit)Data Monitor item selection
Remarks
ECU INPUT
SIGNALSMAIN
SIGNALSSELECTION
FROM MENU
GEAR (A/T MODEL)×××The gear position determined
from A/T PNP switch signal is dis-
played.l
SLCT LVR POSI (A/T MODEL)×××Shift position determined from the
A/T PNP switch signal is dis-
played.
FR RH SENSOR [km/h]×××Wheel speed calculated by front
RH wheel sensor signal is dis-
played.
FR LH SENSOR [km/h]×××Wheel speed calculated by front
LH wheel sensor signal is dis-
played.
RR RH SENSOR [km/h]×××Wheel speed calculated by rear
RH wheel sensor signal is dis-
played.
RR LH SENSOR [km/h]×××Wheel speed calculated by rear
LH wheel sensor signal is dis-
played.
ACCEL POS SIG
(%)×––Throttle valve open/close status
judged by the CAN communica-
tion signal is displayed.
ENGINE RPM
(rpm)×–×Engine speed judged by the CAN
communication signal is dis-
played.
CAN COM START
(ON/OFF)––×Communication status of CAN
communication is displayed.
STR ANGLE SIG
(°)×–×Steering wheel angle detected by
the steering angle sensor is dis-
played.
YAW RATE SEN
(d/s)××–Yaw rate detected by the yaw rate
sensor is displayed.
SIDE G-SENSOR
(m/s
2 )×–×Transverse acceleration detected
by the side G sensor is displayed.
PRESS SENSOR
(bar )×–×Brake fluid pressure detected by
the pressure sensor is displayed.

TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS
BRC-83
[ESP/TCS/ABS]
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BATTERY VOLT
(V )×××Voltage supplied to ESP/TCS/
ABS control unit is displayed.
MOTOR RELAY
(ON/OFF )–××Motor relay signal (ON/OFF) sta-
tus is displayed.
ACTUATOR RLY
(ON/OFF )–××Actuator relay signal (ON/OFF)
status is displayed.
STOP LAMP SW
(ON/OFF)×××Stop lamp switch (ON/OFF) status
is displayed.
PARK BRAKE SW
(ON/OFF)×–×Parking brake switch (ON/OFF)
status is displayed.
OFF SW
(ON/OFF)×××ESP OFF switch (ON/OFF) sta-
tus is displayed.
ABS WARN LAMP
(ON/OFF)–××ABS warning lamp (ON/OFF) sta-
tus is displayed.
OFF LAMP
(ON/OFF)–××ESP OFF indicator lamp (ON/
OFF) status is displayed.
SLIP LAMP
(ON/OFF)–××SLIP indicator lamp (ON/OFF)
status is displayed.
FR LH IN SOL
(ON/OFF)–××Front LH wheel inlet solenoid
valve (ON/OFF) status is dis-
played.
FR LH OUT SOL
(ON/OFF)–××Front LH wheel outlet solenoid
valve (ON/OFF) status is dis-
played.
RR RH IN SOL
(ON/OFF)–××Rear RH wheel inlet solenoid
valve (ON/OFF) status is dis-
played.
RR RH OUT SOL
(ON/OFF)–××Rear RH wheel outlet solenoid
valve (ON/OFF) status is dis-
played.
FR RH IN SOL
(ON/OFF)–××Front RH wheel inlet solenoid
valve (ON/OFF) status is dis-
played.
FR RH OUT SOL
(ON/OFF)–××Front RH wheel outlet solenoid
valve (ON/OFF) status is dis-
played.
RR LH IN SOL
(ON/OFF)–××Rear LH wheel inlet solenoid
valve (ON/OFF) status is dis-
played.
RR LH OUT SOL
(ON/OFF)–××Rear LH wheel outlet solenoid
valve (ON/OFF) status is dis-
played.
M/R OUTPUT
(ON/OFF)––×Motor relay activation signal (ON/
OFF) status is displayed.
FLUID LEV SW
(ON/OFF)×–×Brake fluid level warning switch
(ON/OFF) status is displayed.
SNOW MODE SW
(ON/OFF)––דOFF” is displayed.
BST OPER SIG
(ON/OFF)––דOFF” is displayed.
M MODE SIG
(ON/OFF)––דOFF” is displayed. Data Monitor Item (Unit)Data Monitor item selection
Remarks
ECU INPUT
SIGNALSMAIN
SIGNALSSELECTION
FROM MENU

BRC-84
[ESP/TCS/ABS]
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS

×: Applicable
–: Not applicable
ACTIVE TEST
CAUTION:

Do not perform active test while driving.

Make sure to completely bleed air from the brake system.

Active test cannot be performed when EBD, ABS, TCS or ESP operation is malfunction.

ABS and brake warning lamps turn on during the active test.
Operation Procedure
1. Connect CONSULT-II and CONVERTER to data link connector and start engine.
CAUTION:
If CONSULT-II is used with no connection of CONSULT-II CONVERTER, malfunctions might be
detected in self-diagnosis depending on control unit which carry out CAN communication.
2. Touch “START (NISSAN BASED VHCL) ” on the display screen.
3. Touch “ABS”.
If “ABS” is not indicated, go to GI-35, "
CONSULT-II Data Link Connector (DLC) Circuit" .
4. Touch “ACTIVE TEST”.
5. The test item selection screen is displayed.
6. Touch necessary test item.
7. With the “MAIN SIGNALS” display shown in reverse, touch “START”.
8. The “ACTIVE TEST” screen will be displayed, so perform the following test.
NOTE:

When the active test is performed while depressing pedal, the pedal depression amount will change,
but this is normal.

Approximately 10 seconds after the operation is begun, “TEST STOP” will be displayed.

To perform a retest after “TEST STOP” is displayed, touch “BACK” and perform the test from the step 6.
Test Item
Solenoid valve
OD OFF SW
(ON/OFF)––דOFF” is displayed.
EBD SIGNAL
(ON/OFF)––×EBD operation (ON/OFF) status is
displayed.
ABS SIGNAL
(ON/OFF)––×ABS operation (ON/OFF) status is
displayed.
TCS SIGNAL
(ON/OFF)––×TCS operation (ON/OFF) status is
displayed.
ESP SIGNAL
(ON/OFF)––×ESP operation (ON/OFF) status is
displayed. Data Monitor Item (Unit)Data Monitor item selection
Remarks
ECU INPUT
SIGNALSMAIN
SIGNALSSELECTION
FROM MENU
SFIA1172E

TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS
BRC-85
[ESP/TCS/ABS]
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CAUTION:
The example shown is for front right wheel. The procedure for the other wheels is the same as given
below.

When performing an active test of the ABS function, select the main item for each test item. In addition,
when performing an active test of the ESP/TCS function, select the item menu for each test item.

For ABS solenoid valve, touch “UP”, “KEEP”, “DOWN” on the display screen.
For ABS solenoid valve (ACT), touch “UP”, “ACT UP”, “ACT
KEEP” and confirm that solenoid valves (IN, OUT, USV, HSV)
operate as shown in the table below.
*: ON for 1 to 2 seconds after the touch, and then OFF
ABS Motor
Touch “ON”, “OFF” on the display screen and make sure ABS motor
relay is operating as shown in the table below.
SFIA0591E
OperationABS solenoid valve ABS solenoid valve (ACT)
UP KEEP DOWN UP ACT UP ACT KEEP
IN ABS/VFR OFF ON ON OFF OFF OFF
OUT ABS S/VFR OFF OFF ON* OFF OFF OFF
USV [FR - RL] OFF OFF OFF OFF ON ON
HSV [FR - RL] OFF OFF OFF OFF ON* OFF
Operation ON OFF
MOTOR RELAY ON OFF
ACTUATOR RELAY ON ON
SFIA0593E

BRC-86
[ESP/TCS/ABS]
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS

For Fast and Accurate DiagnosisEFS004H8
PRECAUTIONS FOR DIAGNOSIS

Before performing diagnosis, always read precautions. Refer to BRC-58, "How to Proceed With Diagno-
sis" .

If ESP/TCS/ABS control unit steering angle sensor, steering system parts or suspension system parts
have been replaced, or if alignment has been adjusted, be sure to adjust neutral position of steering angle
sensor before driving. Refer to BRC-51, "
Adjustment of Steering Angle Sensor Neutral Position" .

After diagnosis is finished, be sure to erase memory. Refer to BRC-79, "SELF-DIAGNOSIS" .

When checking continuity and voltage between units, be sure to check for disconnection, looseness,
bend, or collapse of connector terminals. If any malfunction is found, repair or replace connector termi-
nals.

For intermittent symptoms, possible cause is malfunction in harness, harness connector, or terminals.
Move harness, harness connector, and terminals to check for poor connections.

If a circuit tester is used for the check, be careful not to forcibly extend any connector terminal.

To use CONSULT-II to perform self-diagnosis of ESP/TCS/ABS control unit active tests, or work support,
first stop work, then connect CONSULT-II and select “ABS”.

While self-diagnostic results of CONSULT-II shows malfunction, if CONSULT-II active test is performed,
an engine system error may be indicated. In this case, start engine to resume the normal screen.

ESP/TCS/ABS system electronically controls brake operation and engine output. The following symptoms
may be caused by normal operations:
Symptom Symptom description Result
Motor operation noiseThis is noise of motor inside ESP/TCS/ABS control unit. Slight noise
may occur during ESP, TCS, and ABS operation.
Normal
When the vehicle speed goes over 20 km/h (12.5 MPH), motor and
valves operating noise may be heard. It happens only once after IGN
(ignition) is ON. This is a normal status of the system operation check.
System operation check
noiseWhen engine starts, slight “click” noise may be heard from engine room.
This is normal and is part of system operation check.Normal
ESP/TCS operation
(SLIP indicator lamp blink-
ing)TCS may activate momentarily if wheel speed changes when driving
over location where friction coefficient varies, when up/downshifting, or
when fully depressing accelerator pedal.
Normal
Cancel the ESP/TCS
function for the
inspection on a chas-
sis dynamometer. For inspection of speedometer or other instruments, press ESP OFF
SW to turn ESP/TCS function off.
When accelerator pedal is depressed on a chassis dynamometer (fixed
front-wheel type), vehicle speed will not increase. This is not normal. It is
result of TCS being activated by stationary front wheels. Warning lamp
may also illuminate to indicate “sensor system error”. This is also nor-
mal, and is the result of the stationary front wheels being detected. To be
certain, restart engine, and drive vehicle at 30 km/h (19 MPH) or more.
Make sure warning lamp does not illuminate.
ABS operation (Longer stop-
ping distance)On roads with low friction coefficients, such as snowy roads or gravel
roads, vehicles with ABS may require a longer stopping distance. There-
fore, when driving on such roads, avoid overconfidence and keep speed
sufficiently low.Normal
Insufficient feeling of accel-
erationDepending on road conditions, driver may feel that feeling of accelera-
tion is insufficient. This is because traction control, which controls
engine and brakes to achieve optimal traction, has the highest priority
(for safety). As a result, there may be times when acceleration is slightly
less than usual for the same accelerator pedal operation.Normal