ABS SSANGYONG KORANDO 2012 Manual PDF

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7. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
Wheel speed sensor, Stop lamp switch, Self diagnostic connector, Warning lamp (ABS/ESP) ▶

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1. OVERVIEW
A radial tire uses a cord angle of 90 degrees. That is, the cord material runs in a radial or direct line from
one bead to the other across the tread. In addition, a radial tire has a belt overwrap under the tread
surface to provide greater structural stability. The belt overwrap of a radial tire distortion while the radial
structure enables high speed driving.
Tire supports the weight of the vehicle, reduces the impact from the road and at the same time,
transmits the power to propel, brake and steer on the road. It also functions to maintain a
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9a0053004700880047009b00900099008c00470094009c009a>t be structured to be a resilient
vessel of air.
There is wear limit mark on the tire, which protrudes as a strip shape located approximately 1.6 mm from
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950047008d0099009600940047009b008f008c00470096009c>tside so there is additional &#34;▲&#34;
mark on the shoulder to let the driver find the wear mark easily. To measure the tire groove depth,
measure at any point other than the point which has a wear limit mark.
The tire is worn unevenly according to the driver's driving habit, improper servicing, low tire inflation
pressure, changed tire location, etc.
1) Structure of Tire
Tread
This thick layer of rubber provides the interface
between the tire and the road. Wear-resistant
rubber is used to protect the carcass and belt
against fractures and impacts and to deliver a
long driving life.
Shoulder
Located between the tread and sidewall, the
shoulder rubber is the thickest so that the design
must allow for the easy diffusion of heat
generated within the tire while driving.
Sidewall
The part between the shoulder and bead, the
flexible sidewall protects the carcass and
enhances the ride. A tire’s type, size,
structure, pattern, manufacturing company,
product name and various characters are
indicated here. Bead
The bead attaches the tire to the rim and wraps
the end of the cord fabric. Comprised of the bead
wire, core, flipper and other parts, the bead is
generally designed to be slightly tight around the
rim so that in the case of a sudden drop in inflation
pressure, the tire will not fall off the rim.
Carcass
As the most important framework of a tire, the
entire inner layer of cord fabric is called the
carcass. The carcass acts to support air pressure,
vertical load and absorb shocks.
Valve
Belt
Bead core

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3. A/C COOLING CYCLE
1) System flow
Condition: Gas/Liquid
Function: Keeps the refrigerant free from moisture by separating/collecting the moisture from it. -
-"Compression -> Condensation -> Expansion -> Evaporation" -
Condition: Liquefied gas/Gas
Function: Cools the air by absorbing the heat from the air around the evaporator. -
-Condition: Liquid/Liquefied gas
Function: Performs adiabatic expansion and flow control for easier evaporation. -
-Condition: Gas/Liquid
Function: Cools and condenses the refrigerant by using ambient air to liquefy it under high pressure. -
-Condition: Gas
Function: Circulates the refrigerant and increases the pressure and temperature for easier
evaporation. -
- 2) Functions
(2) Condenser
(3) Receiver drier
(4) Expansion valve
(5) Evaporator
(1) Compressor

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The refrigerant is converted from liquid to gas in the evaporator.
(The refrigerant in the form of fog in the evaporator is vaporized actively)
At this time the refrigerant, in the form of liquid, absorbs the heat in the air which is need for
evaporation (latent heat) and is cooled down. Then the blower blows the cooled air inside the vehicle
to lower the temperature.
There are liquid refrigerant from the expansion valve and evaporated refrigerant in the evaporator.
The evaporation temperature can be predicted from the evaporation pressure (i.e. relationship
between saturation pressure and saturation temperature).
It is important to keep the pressure inside the evaporator low, so that the refrigerant is evaporated at
low temperature to make sure the completely evaporated refrigerant is entered into the compressor. -
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- (4) Evaporator (3) Expansion (2) Condensation
The liquid refrigerant lowers the pressure making its evaporation easily accomplished.
This process (lowering the pressure to the level at which evaporation easily takes place before the
liquid refrigerant is sent to the evaporator) is called
"Adiabatic Expansion".
During adiabatic expansion, the expansion valve lowers the pressure of the refrigerant and
determines the correct amount of refrigerant going into the air conditioning evaporator.
That is, the amount of heat, which is needed to stop the evaporation, is determined according to the
cooling load.
The expansion valve detects this and regulates the amount of the refrigerant exactly. -
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-The high pressure and high temperature gas (refrigerant) from the compressor is cooled down by
the fresh air entered into the condenser. Then, this gas is converted to liquid and collected in the
receiver drier.
The heat generated from the high pressure refrigerant is dissipated to the ambient air, and it is called
"heat of condensation".
The heat of condensation is the summation of the heat of vaporization (heat that the refrigerant
absorbs from the inside of the vehicle) and the calorific value converted from the amount of work
which is needed to compress. -
- 3) Description for Each Cycle
(1) Compression
The evaporated refrigerant in the evaporator enters to the compressor. And the refrigerant gas is
compressed until it can be liquefied at ambient temperature.
Thus, the low refrigerant pressure is maintained so that the liquid refrigerant can be evaporated
actively at low temperature (around 0℃). -
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