oil type TOYOTA CAMRY V20 1986 Service Information

5. RECHECK PISTON STROKE OF DIRECT CLUTCH
(a) Install the direct clutch on the oil pump.
(b) Using a dial indicator (long type pick or SST), measure
the direct clutch piston stroke applying and releasing
the compressed air (4 ± 8 kg/Cm2, 57 ±
114 psi, 392 ± 785 kPa) as shown.
SST 09350±32014 (09351±32190)
Piston stroke: A540E 0.91 ± 1.35 mm
(0.0358 ± 0.0531 in.)
A540H 1.11 ± 1.47 mm
(0.0437 ± 0.0579 in.)
If the piston stroke is nonstandard, select another
flange.
HINT: There are two different thicknesses for the flange.
Flange thickness: 2.70 mm (0.1063 in.)
3.00 mm (0.1181 in.) (b) Place SST on the spring retainer, and compress the
return spring with a shop press.
SST 09350±32014 (09351±32070)
(c) Install the snap ring using snap ring pliers. Be sure
the end gap of snap ring is not aligned with the spring
retainer claw.
3. INSTALL PLATES, DISCS AND FLANGE
(a) Install plates and discs.
Install in order: P=Plate D=Disc
P±D±P±D±P±D
(b) Install the flange with the flat end facing downward.
4. INSTALL SNAP RING
Check that the end gap of the snap ring is not aligned
with one of the cutouts.
± AUTOMATIC TRANSAXLEComponent Parts (Direct Clutch) (A540E and A540H)AT±273

10. REMOVE OIL PAN AND GASKET
(a) Remove the seventeen bolts.
(b) Remove the oil pan by lifting transaxle case.
NOTICE: Do not turn the transaxle over as this will con-
taminate the valve body with the foreign material;
in the bottom of the oil pan.
(c) Place the transaxle on wooden blocks to prevent
damage to the oil tube bracket.
11. EXAMINE PARTICLES IN PAN
Remove the magnet and use it to collect any steel chips
Look carefully at the chips and particles in the oil pan an(
on the magnet to anticipate what type of wear you will find in
the transaxle.
Steel (magnetic) ... bearing, gear and plate wear
Brass (non±magnetic) ... bushing wear 8. (A540E)
REMOVE NO. 2 SPEED SENSOR
(a) Disconnect the connector.
(b) Remove the bolt and pull out the speed sensor.
(c) Remove the O±ring from speed sensor.
9. (A540H)
REMOVE VEHICLE SPEED SENSOR
(a) Remove the bolt and pull out the speed sensor.
(b) Remove the O±ring from speed sensor. 6. REMOVE THROTTLE CABLE RETAINING BOLT AND
PLATE
7. . REMOVE SOLENOID WIRE RETAINING BOLT
± AUTOMATIC TRANSAXLERemoval of Component Parts (A540E and A540H)AT±242

The cooling system is composed of the water jacket (inside the cylinder block and cylinder head), radiator,
water pump, thermostat, electric fan, hoses and other components.
Coolant which is heated in the water jacket is pumped to the radiator, through which an electric fan blows air
to cool the coolant as it passes through. Coolant which has been cooled is then sent back to the engine by
the water pump, where it cools the engine.
The water jacket is a network of channels in the shell of the cylinder block and cylinder head through which
coolant passes. It is designed to provide adequate cooling of the cylinders and combustion chambers which
become heated during engine operation.
RADIATOR
The radiator performs the function of cooling the coolant which has passed through the water jacket and be-
come hot, and it is mounted in the front of the vehicle. The radiator consists of an upper tank and lower tank,
and a core which connects the two tanks. The upper tank contains the inlet for coolant from the water jacket
and the filler inlet. It also has a hose attached through which excess coolant or steam can flow. The lower
tank has an outlet and drain cock for the coolant. The core contains many tubes through which coolant flows
from the upper tank to the lower tank as well as cooling fins which radiate heat away from the coolant in the
tubes.
The air sucked through the radiator by the electric fan, as well as the wind generated by the vehicle's travel,
passes through the radiator, cooling the coolant. Models with automatic transmission include an automatic
transmission fluid cooler built into the lower tank of the radiator. A fan with an electric motor is mounted be-
hind the radiator to assist the flow of air through the radiator. The fan operates when the coolant tempera-
ture becomes high in order to prevent it from becoming too high.
RADIATOR CAP
The radiator cap is a pressure type cap which seals the radiator, resulting in pressurization of the radiator as
the coolant expands. The pressurization prevents the coolant from boiling even when the coolant tempera-
ture exceeds 100°C (212°F). A relief valve (pressurization valve) and a vacuum valve (negative pressure
valve) are built into the radiator cap. The relief valve opens and lets steam escape through the overflow pipe
when the pressure generated inside the cooling system exceeds the limit (coolant temperature: 110 ±
120°C, 230 ± 248°F, pressure; 0.3 ±1.0 kg/cm
2, 4.3 ±14.2 psi, 29.4 ± 98.1 kPa). The vacuum valve opens to
alleviate the vacuum which develops in the coolant system after the engine is stopped and the coolant tem-
perature drops.
The valves's opening allows the coolant in the reservoir tank to return to the cooling system.
RESERVOIR TANK
The reservoir tank is used to catch coolant which overflows the cooling system as a result of volumetric ex-
pansion when the coolant is heated. The coolant in the reservoir rank returns to the radiator when the cool-
ant temperature drops, thus keeping the radiator full at all times and avoiding needless coolant loss. Check
the reservoir tank level to find out if the coolant needs to be replenished.
WATER PUMP
The water pump is used for forced circulation of coolant through the cooling system. It is mounted on the
front of the cylinder block and driven by a timing belt.
THERMOSTAT
The thermostat has a wax type by±pass valve and is mounted in the water inlet housing. The thermostat in-
cludes a type of automatic valve operated by fluctuations in the coolant temperature. This valve closes when
the coolant temperature drops, preventing the circulation of coolant through the engine and thus permitting
the engine to warm up rapidly. The valve opens when the coolant temperature has risen, allowing the cir-
culation of coolant. Wax inside the thermostat expands when heated and contracts when cooled. Heating
the wax thus generates pressure which overpowers the force of the spring which keeps±the valve closed,
thus opening the valve. When the wax cools, its contraction causes the force of the spring to take effect
once more, closing the valve. The thermostat in this engine operates at a temperature of 82°C (180°F).
± COOLING SYSTEMDescriptionCO±3

FUEL SYSTEM
1. When disconnecting the high fuel pressure line, a large
amount of gasoline will spill out, so observe the following
procedure:
(a) Put a a container under the connection.
(b) Slowly loosen the connection.
(e) Disconnect the connection.
(d) Plug the connection with a rubber plug.
(Flare Nut Type 3S±FE only)
(a) Apply a light coat of engine oil to the flare and tighten
the flare nut by hand.
(b) Using SST, tighten the flare nut to specified torque.
SST 09631±22020
Torque: 310 kg±cm (22 ft±ib, 30 N±m)
HINT: Use a torque wrench with a fulcrum length of 30
cm 0 1.81 in.). 2. When connecting the flare nut or union bolt on the high pres-
sure pipe union, observe the following procedure:
(Union Bolt Type)
(a) Always use a new gasket.
(b) Tighten the union bolt by hand.
(c) Tighten the union bolt to the specified torque.
Torque: 300 kg±cm (22 ft±Ib, 29 N±m)
3. Observe the following precautions when removing and
installing the injectors.
(a) Never reuse the 0±ring.
(b) When placing a new 0±ring on the injector, take care not to
damage it in any way.
(c) Coat a new 0±ring with spindle oil or gasoline before instal-
ling never use engine, gear or brake oil.
4. Install the injector to delivery pipe and intake manifold as
shown in the figure.
± EFI SYSTEMInspection PrecautionsFI±8

The 3S±FE engine is an in±line 4±cylinder engine with the cylinders numbered 1 ± 2 ± 3 ± 4 from the
front.
The crankshaft is supported by 5 bearing inside the crankcase. These bearing are made of aluminum
alloy.
The crankshaft is integrated with 8 weights for balance. Oil holes are placed in the center of the crank-
shaft to supply oil to the connecting rods, bearing, pistons and other components.
This engine's ignition order is 1 ± 3 ± 4 ± 2. The cylinder head is made of aluminum alloy, with a cross
flow type intake and exhaust layout and with pent±roof type combustion chambers. The spark plugs are
located in the center of the combustion chamber.
The intake manifold has 8 independent long ports and utilizes the inertial supercharging effect to im-
prove engine torque at low and medium speeds.
Exhaust and intake valves are equipped with irregular pitch springs made of special valve spring carbon
steel which are capable of functioning no matter what the engine speed.
The intake side camshaft is driven by a timing belt, and a gear on the intake side camshaft engages with
a gear on the exhaust side camshaft to drive it. The cam journal is supported at 5 places between the
valve lifters of each cylinder and on the front end of the cylinder head. Lubrication of the cam journal and
gear is accomplished by oil being supplied through the oiler port in the center of the camshaft.
Adjustment of the valve clearance is done by means of outer shim type system, in which valve adjusting
shims are located above the valve lifters. This permits replacement of the shims without removal of the
camshafts.
The resin timing belt cover is made of 2 pieces. A service hole is provided in the No. 1 belt cover for ad-
justing the timing belt tension.
Piston are made of high temperature±resistant aluminum alloy, and a depression is built into the piston
head to prevent interference with the valves.
Piston pins are the semi±floating type, with the pins fastened to the connecting rods by pressure fitting,
allowing the pistons and pins to float.
The No. 1 compression ring is made of steel and the No. 2 compression ring is made of cast iron. The oil
ring is made of a combination of steel and stainless steel. The outer diameter of each piston ring is
slightly larger than the diameter of the piston and the flexibility of the rings allows them to hug the cylin-
der walls when they are mounted on the piston rings No. 1 and No. 2 work to prevent gas leakage from
the cylinder and oil ring works to clear oil off the cylinder walls to prevent it from entering the combustion
chambers.
The cylinder block is made of cast iron. It has 4 cylinders which are approximately 2 times the length of
the piston stroke. The top of the cylinders is closed off by the cylinder head and the lower end of the cyl-
inders becomes the crankcase, in which the crankshaft is installed. In .addition, the cylinder block con-
tains a water jacket, through which coolant is pumped to cool the cylinders.
The oil pan is bolted onto the bottom of the cylinder block. The oil pan is an oil reservoir made of
pressed steel shoot. A dividing plate is included inside the oil pan to keep sufficient oil in the bottom of
the pan even when the vehicle is tilted. This dividing plate also prevents the oil from making waves when
the vehicle is topped suddenly and thus shifting the oil away from the oil pump suction pipe.
± ENGINE MECHANICALDescription (3S±FE)EM±3

The 2VZ±FE engine has 6 cylinder in a V arrangement at bank of 60°. From the front of the RH bank cylin-
ders are numbered 1 ± 3 ± 5, and from the front of the LH bank cylinders are numbered 2 ± 4 ±r 6. The crankshaft is
supported by 4 bearings inside the crankcase. These bearing are made of copper and lead alloy.
The crankshaft is integrated with 5 weights for balance. Oil holes are placed in the center of the crankshaft for sup-
plying oil to the connecting rods, pistons and other components.
This engine's ignition order is 1 ± 2 ± 3 ± 4 ± 5 ± 6. The cylinder head is made of aluminum alloy, with a cross flow
type intake and exhaust layout and with pent±roof type combustion chambers. The spark plugs are located in the
center of the combustion chambers.
At,the front and rear of the intake port of the intake manifold, a water passage has been provided which connects
the RH and LH cylinder heads.
Exhaust and intake valves are equipped with irregular pitch springs made of special valve spring carbon steel which
are capable of functioning no matter what the engine speed.
The RH and LH intake camshaft are driven by a single timing belt, and a gear on the intake side camshaft engages
with a gear on the exhaust side camshaft to drive it. The cam journal is supported at 5 (intake) or 4
(exhaust) places between the valve liters of each cylinder and on the front end of the cylinder head. Lubrication of
the cam journals and gears is accomplished by oil being supplied through the oiler port in the center of the camshaft.
Adjustment of the valve clearance is done by means of outer shim type system, in which valve adjusting shims are
located above the valve lifters. The permits replacement of the shims without removal of the camshafts.
The timing belt cover is composed of resin type No. 2 and No. 1 above and below the RH mounting bracket.
Piston are made high temperature±resistant aluminum alloy, and a depression is built into the piston head to prevent
interference with the valves.
Piston pins are the semi±floating type, with the pins fastened to the connecting rods by pressure fitting, allowing the
pistons and pins to float.
The No. 1 compression ring is made of steel and the No. 2 compression ring is made±of cast iron. The oil ring is
made of a combination of steel and stainless steel. The outer diameter of each piston ring is slightly larger than the
diameter of the piston and the flexibility of the rings allows them to hug the cylinder walls when they are mounted on
the piston. Compression rings No. 1 and No. 2 work to prevent gas leakage from the cylinder and oil ring works to
clear oil off the cylinder walls to prevent it from entering the combustion chambers.
The cylinder block is made of cast iron with a bank angle of 60°. It has 6 cylinders which are approximately 2
times the length of the piston stroke. The top of the cylinders is closed off by the cylinder heads and the lower end of
the cylinders becomes the crankcase, in which the crankshaft is installed. In addition, the cylinder block contains a
water jacket, through which coolant is pumped to cool the cylinders.
The oil pan is bolted onto the bottom of the cylinder block. The oil pan is an oil reservoir made of pressed steel
sheet. A dividing plate is included inside the oil pan to keep sufficient oil in the bottom of the pan even when the ve-
hicle is tilted. This dividing plate also prevents the oil from making waves when the vehicle is stopped suddenly and
thus shifting the oil away from the oil pump suction pipe.
± ENGINE MECHANICALDescription (2VZ±FE)EM±5

6. FILL TRANSAXLE WITH GEAR OIL OR FLUID
M/T (See page MT±1 17)
A/T Fluid type: ATF DEXRON) II
7. INSTALL ENGINE UNDER COVERS
8. INSTALL WHEELS
9. CHECK FRONT WHEEL ALIGNMENT
(See page FA ± 3) 5. INSTALL BEARING LOCK NUT, LOCK NUT CAP AND
COTTER PIN
(a) Torque the bearing lock nut while depressing the brake
pedal.
Torque: 1, 900 kg±cm (137 ft±Ib, 186 N±m )
(b) Install the lock nut cap and, using pliers, install a new
cotter pin. 4. CONNECT TIE ROD END TO STEERING KNUCKLE
Install and torque the nut, and secure it with a new cotter pin.
Torque: 500 kg±cm (36 ft±Ib, 49 N±m)
± FRONT AXLE AND SUSPENSIONFront Drive Shaft (4WD)FA±50

PRECAUTIONS WHEN TOWING
FULL±TIME 4WD VEHICLES
1. Use one of the methods shown below to tow the vehicle.
2. When there is trouble with the chassis and drivetrain, use
method [1] (flat bed truck) or method T (sling type tow
truck with doilies)
3. Recommended Methods: No. [1], [2], or [3]
Emergency Method: No. [4]
During towing with this towing method, there is a danger of the drivetrain
heating up and causing breakdown, or of the front wheels flying off the dolly.
HINT: Do not use any towing methods other than those shown above.
For example, the towing method shown below is dangerous, so do not use it
HINT: Do not tow the vehicle at a speed
faster than 18 mph (30 km/h) or a distance
greater than 50 miles (80 km). Free or
Lock
Center
Differential
Control
Switch
ºONº or
ªOFFªFree
(Normal
Driving)
No
Special
Operation
Necessary
Free
Center
Differential
Control
Switch
ªOFFº Free
Center
Differential
Control
Switch
ºOFFºMode
Select
Lever on
Transaxle T/M Shift
Lever
PositionT/M Shift
Lever
PositionCenter
Diff.
Control
Switch Automatic Transaxle Type of Transaxle
ºAUTOº
or
ºOFFº Manual Transaxle
Towing MethodParking
BrakeParking
Brake Center
Diff.
ºNº range ºNº range ºPº range
Released1 st Gear
Released
ReleasedApplied Applied
Release
Neutral NeutralºOFFº
ºOFFº
± INTRODUCTIONPrecautions When Servicing Full±Time 4WD VehiclesIN±26

A pressure feeding lubrication system has been adopted to supply oil to the moving parts of this engine.
The lubrication system consists of an oil pan, oil pump, oil filter and other external parts which supply oil
to the moving parts in the engine block The oil circuit is shown in the illustration at the top of the pre-
vious page. Oil from the oil pan is pumped up by the oil pump. After it passes through the oil filter, it is
fed through the various oil holes in the crankshaft and cylinder block. After passing through the cylinder
block and performing its lubricating function, the oil is returned by gravity to the oil pan. A dipstick on the
center left side of the cylinder block is provided to check the oil level.
OIL PUMP
The oil pump pumps up oil from the oil pan and sends it under pressure to the various parts of the en-
gine.
An oil strainer is mounted in front of the inlet to the oil pump. The oil pump itself is a trochoid±type
pump, inside of which is a drive rotor and a driven rotor. 'When the drive rotor rotates, the driven rotor
rotates in the same direction, and since the axis of the driven rotor shaft is different from the center of
the driven rotor, the space between the two rotors is changed as they rotate. Oil is drawn in when the
space is wide and is discharged when the space in narrow.
OIL PRESSURE REGULATOR (RELIEF VALVE)
At high engine speeds, the engine oil supplied by the oil pump exceeds the capacity of the engine to
utilize it.
For that reason, the oil pressure regulator works to prevent an oversupply of oil. During normal oil sup-
ply, a coil spring and valve keep the by±pass closed, but when too much oil is being fed, the pressure
become extremely high, overpowering the force of the spring and opening the valves. This allows the
excess oil to flow through the valve and return to the oil pan.
OIL FILTER
The oil filter is a full flow type filter with a built±in paper filter element, Particles of metal from wear, air-
born dirt, carbon and other impurities can get in the oil during use and could cause accelerated wear or
seizing if allowed to circulate through the engine. The oil filter, integrated into the oil line, removes these
impurities as the oil passes through it. The filter is mounted outside the engine to simplify replacement of
the filter element.
A relief valve is also included ahead of the filter element to relieve the high oil pressure in case the filter
element becomes clogged with impurities. The relief valve opens when the oil pressure overpowers the
force of the spring. Oil passing through the relief valve by±passes the oil filter and flows directly into the
main oil hole in the engine.
± LUBRICATION SYSTEMDescriptionLU±4

DESCRIPTION
wTransaxle types S51 are constant mesh synchronizers for forward gears, and a sliding mesh
reverse gear.
wThe input shaft is composed of the 1st and 2nd speed gears and the reverse drive gear, and
the output shaft is composed of the drive gear (for use with the ring gear).
wThe oil used in transaxle is as follows:
S51 ................................ ATF type DEXRON) ll
wThe illustrations below show the engagements± of transaxle gears.
± MANUAL TRANSAXLEDescriptionMT±2