warning VOLVO XC90 2014 Owner´s Manual

07 Wheels and tires
Changing wheels
07
201
the vehicle, check that the jack is still cor- rectly positioned in the attachment.
7. Raise the vehicle until the wheel to be changed is lifted off the ground.
8. Unscrew the wheel bolts completely and carefully remove the wheel so as not todamage the threads on the studs.
NOTE
To avoid excessive wear and the necessity of rebalancing, mark and reinstall wheelsin the same location and position as beforeremoval. To lessen the chance of imbal-ance, each wheel hub is equipped with aguide stud to ensure that a removed wheelcan be reinstalled in its original position (aswhen changing over to winter tires/wheels).
CAUTION
•The vehicle must not be driven with wheels of different dimensions or witha spare tire other than the one thatcame with the vehicle. The use of dif-ferent size wheels can seriously dam-age your vehicle's transmission.
• Correct tightening torque on wheelbolts must be observed.
• The wheel bolts should never begreased or lubricated.
• Extended, chromed wheel bolts mustnot be used with steel rims, as theymake it impossible to fit the hub caps.
Installing the wheel1. Clean the contact surfaces on the wheel
and hub.
2. Lift the wheel and place it on the hub.
3. Install the wheel bolts and tighten hand- tight. Using the lug wrench, tighten cross- wise until all bolts are snug.
4. Lower the vehicle to the ground and alter- nately tighten the bolts crosswise to103 ft.lbs. (140 Nm).
5. Install the wheel cover (where applicable).
WARNING
• The jack must correctly engage the bar in the jack attachment. The vehicle'sweight must not rest on the jackattachment. See illustration "Attachingthe jack" on the previous page.
• Be sure the jack is on a firm, level,non-slippery surface.
• Never allow any part of your body tobe extended under a vehicle suppor-ted by a jack.
• Use the jack intended for the vehiclewhen replacing a wheel. For any otherjob, use stands to support the side ofthe vehicle being worked on.
• Apply the parking brake and put thegear selector in the (
P)ark position.
• Block the wheels standing on theground, use rigid wooden blocks orlarge stones.
• The jack should be kept well-greasedand clean, and should not be dam-aged.
• No objects should be placed betweenthe base of jack and the ground, orbetween the jack and the attachmentbar on the vehicle.

07 Wheels and tires
Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS)
07
203
The tire pressure monitoring system
1
uses
sensors mounted in the tire valves to check inflation pressure levels. When the vehicle ismoving at a speed of approximately 20 mph(30 km/h) or faster, these sensors transmitinflation pressure data to a receiver located inthe vehicle.
USA – FCC ID: MRXG403MA4 A
This device complies with part 15 of the
FCC rules. Operation is subject to the fol- lowing conditions: (1) This device may notcause harmful interference, and (2) thisdevice must accept any interferencereceived, including interference that maycause undesired operation. When low inflation pressure is detected, TPMS will light up the tire pressure warn-ing light (also referred to as a telltale) in theinstrument panel (see page 61), and willdisplay a message in the text window. Thewording of this message is determined bythe degree of inflation pressure loss.
A On certain models, the FCC code is MRXTG315AM04
When low inflation pressure is detected, TPMS will light up the tire pressure warning light
(also referred to as a telltale) in the instrument panel and will display one of the following messages in the text window:
LOW
TIRE PRESS. CHECK TIRES or VERY LOW
TIRE PRESSURE.
NOTE
If a fault occurs in TPMS, the tire pressure warning light will flash for approximately 1 minute and
TIRE PRESS SYST
SERVICE REQUIRED will be displayed.
Each tire, including the spare (if provided), should be checked monthly when cold andinflated to the inflation pressure recom-mended by the vehicle manufacturer on thevehicle placard or tire inflation pressure label.(If your vehicle has tires of a different sizethan the size indicated on the vehicle placardor tire inflation pressure label, you shoulddetermine the proper tire inflation pressure forthose tires.) As an added safety feature, your vehicle has been equipped with a tire pressure monitor-ing system (TPMS) that illuminates a low tirepressure telltale when one or more of yourtires is significantly under-inflated. Accord-ingly, when the low tire pressure telltale illu-minates, you should stop and check yourtires as soon as possible, and inflate them to the proper pressure. Driving on a significantlyunder-inflated tire causes the tire to overheatand can lead to tire failure. Under-inflationalso reduces fuel efficiency and tire tread life,and may affect the vehicle's handling andstopping ability. Please note that the TPMS is not a substitute for proper tire maintenance, and it is the driv-er's responsibility to maintain correct tirepressure, even if under-inflation has notreached the level to trigger illumination of theTPMS low tire pressure telltale. Your vehicle has also been equipped with a TPMS malfunction indicator to indicate whenthe system is not operating properly. TheTPMS malfunction indicator is combined withthe low tire pressure telltale. When the sys-tem detects a malfunction, the telltale willflash for approximately one minute and thenremain continuously illuminated. Thissequence will continue upon subsequentvehicle start-ups as long as the malfunctionexists. When the malfunction indicator is illu-minated, the system may not be able todetect or signal low tire pressure as intended.TPMS malfunctions may occur for a variety ofreasons, including the installation of replace-ment or alternate tires or wheels on the vehi-cle that prevent the TPMS from functioning
1
This system is standard on U.S. models and optional on Canadian models

07 Wheels and tires
Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS)
07
204
properly. Always check the TPMS malfunc- tion telltale after replacing one or more tiresor wheels on your vehicle to ensure that thereplacement or alternate tires and wheelsallow the TPMS to continue to function prop-erly.
NOTE
TPMS indicates low tire pressure but does not replace normal tire maintenance. Forinformation on correct tire pressure, pleaserefer to the tire inflation pressure table inthis chapter or consult your Volvo retailer.
Erasing warning messagesWhen a low tire pressure warning message has been displayed, and the tire pressurewarning light has come on:
1. Use a tire pressure gauge to check theinflation pressure of all four tires.
2. Re-inflate the tire(s) to the correct pres- sure (consult the tire pressure placard or the table see page 183).
3. Drive the vehicle for several minutes at a speed of 20 mph (30 km/h) or faster.
> This will erase the warning text and thewarning light will go out.
WARNING
Incorrect inflation pressure could lead to tire failure, resulting in a loss of control ofthe vehicle.
Changing wheels with TPMSPlease note the following when changing or replacing the factory installed TPMS wheels/tires on the vehicle:
• Only the factory-mounted wheels are equipped with TPMS sensors in thevalves.
• If the vehicle is equipped with a tempo-rary spare tire, this tire does not have aTPMS sensor.
• If wheels without TPMS sensors are mounted on the vehicle,
TIRE PRESS
SYST. SERVICE REQUIRED will be dis-
played each time the vehicle is driven above 25 mph (40 km/h) for 10 minutes ormore.
• Once TPMS sensors are properly instal-led, the warning message should notreappear.
• Volvo recommends that TPMS sensorsbe fitted on all wheels used on the vehi-cle. Volvo does not recommend movingsensors back and forth between sets ofwheels.
NOTE
If a tire is changed or if the TPMS sensor is moved to another wheel, the sensor’svalve and valve core should be replaced.
CAUTION
When inflating tires with TPMS valves, press the pump's mouthpiece straightonto the valve to help avoid bending orotherwise damaging the valve.
Recalibrating TPMS (Canadian models only)
In certain cases, it may be necessary to reca- librate TPMS to conform to Volvo's recom-mended tire inflation pressures (see the infla-tion pressure table on page 183), for exam-ple, if higher inflation pressure is necessarywhen transporting heavy loads, etc. To recalibrate:
1. Switch off the engine.
2. Inflate the tires to the desired pressure
and turn the ignition key to position I or II
(see page 145 for additional information).
3. Turn the thumb wheel on the left-side steering wheel lever until
Tire pressure
Calibration appears in the display.

07 Wheels and tires
Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS)
07
* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.205
4. Press and hold the
Reset button on the
left-side steering wheel lever until
TIRE
PRESSURE CALIBRATED is displayed.
Activating/deactivating TPMS (Canadian models only)
1. Switch off the engine.
2. Turn the ignition key to position I or II.
3. Press and hold the Reset button on the
left-side steering wheel lever until
TIRE
PRESS SYST OFF is displayed.
Repeat steps 1-3 to turn TPMS on again.
Self-supporting run flat tires (SST)*
Self-supporting run flat tires are available as optional equipment. The vehicle must beequipped with the Tire Pressure MonitoringSystem (TPMS) if tires of this type are instal-led. Tires of this type have specially reinforced sidewalls that make it possible to continuedriving to a limited extent even though the tirehas lost some or all of its inflation pressure.These tires are mounted on special rims (nor-mal tires can also be mounted on these rims). If an SST tire loses inflation pressure, the yel- low TPMS symbol illuminates in the instru-ment panel and a text message is also dis-played. If this happens, reduce speed to not more than 50 mph (80 km/h). The tire shouldbe replaced as soon as possible. Drive carefully; it may be difficult to determine which tire is damaged. To find the damagedtire, check the inflation pressure in all fourtires.
WARNING
•
SST tires should only be mounted by service technicians who are familiarwith tires of this type.
• SST tires may only be mounted onvehicles equipped with TPMS.
• Do not drive faster than 50 mph(80 km/h) if TPMS indicates that a tirehas lost inflation pressure.
• Do not drive farther than 50 miles(80 km) before replacing a damagedSST tire.
• Drive carefully and avoid e.g., hardbraking or fast turns.
• SST tires must be replaced if they aredamaged. A tire of this type cannot berepaired.

08 Car care
Washing and cleaning the vehicle
08
209
Exterior componentsVolvo recommends the use of special clean- ing products, available at your Volvo retailer,for cleaning colored plastic, rubber, or orna-mental components such as chromed stripson the exterior of your vehicle. The instruc-tions for using these products should be fol-lowed carefully. Solvents or stain removersshould not be used.
CAUTION
•Avoid waxing or polishing plastic or rubber components
• Polishing chromed strips can wearaway or damage the surface
• Polishes containing abrasive sub-stances should not be used
NOTE
When washing the vehicle, remember to remove dirt from the drain holes in thedoors and sills.
WARNING
•When the vehicle is driven immediately after being washed, apply the brakesseveral times in order to remove anymoisture from the brake linings.
• Engine cleaning agents should not beused when the engine is warm. Thisconstitutes a fire risk.
Automatic washing – simple and quick
•
We do NOT recommend washing your vehicle in an automatic wash during thefirst few months (because the paint willnot have hardened sufficiently).
• An automatic wash is a simple and quickway to clean your vehicle, but it is worthremembering that it may not be as thor-ough as when you yourself go over thevehicle with sponge and water. Keepingthe underbody clean is most important,especially in the winter. Some automaticwashers do not have facilities for washingthe underbody.
• Before driving into an automatic carwash, make sure that side view mirrors,auxiliary lamps, etc, are secure, and thatany antenna(s) are retracted or removed.Otherwise there is risk of the machinedislodging them.
Exterior lightingCondensation may form temporarily on the inside of the lenses of exterior lights such asheadlights, fog lights, or tail lights. This is nor-mal and the lights are designed to withstandmoisture. Normally, condensation will dissi-pate after the lights have been on for a shorttime.
Polishing and waxing
•
Normally, polishing is not required during the first year after delivery, however, wax-ing may be beneficial.
• Before applying polish or wax the vehiclemust be washed and dried. Tar spots canbe removed with kerosene or tar remover.Difficult spots may require a fine rubbingcompound.
• After polishing use liquid or paste wax.
• Several commercially available productscontain both polish and wax.
• Waxing alone does not substitute for pol-ishing a dull surface.
• A wide range of polymer-based carwaxes can be purchased today. Thesewaxes are easy to use and produce along-lasting, high-gloss finish that pro-

09 Maintenance and servicing
Working on your vehicle09
219
Note the following before you begin work- ing on your vehicle:
Battery
•
Ensure that the battery cables are cor- rectly connected and tightened.
• Never disconnect the battery when theengine is running (e.g., when replacingthe battery).
• Never use a fast charger to charge thebattery. The battery cables should be dis-connected when recharging.
• The battery contains acid that is both cor-rosive and poisonous. It is important thatthe battery is handled in an environmen-tally friendly way. See page 227 for moreinformation on handling the battery.
Hoisting the vehicle
G027001
If a garage jack is used to lift the vehicle, the two jack attachments points should be used.They are specially reinforced to bear theweight of the vehicle (see the illustration). Agarage jack can also be placed under thefront of the engine support frame. Take carenot to damage the splash guard under theengine. Ensure that the jack is positioned sothat the vehicle cannot slide off it. Always useaxle stands or similar structures. The vehi-cle's gross vehicle weight is between5770 lbs (2630 kg) and 6080 lbs (2760 kg).Use a jack and stands rated for this weight. If a two-post hoist is used to lift the vehicle,the front and rear lift arm pads should becentered under the reinforced lift plates onthe inboard edge of the sill rail (see illustra-tion).
WARNING
The ignition system has very high voltage! The voltage in the ignition system is dan- gerous! Do not touch spark plugs, ignition cables or the ignition coil when the engine is run-ning or the ignition is switched on! The ignition should be switched off when: •
Conducting engine tests.
• Replacing parts in the ignition system, such as spark plugs, ignition coil, dis-tributor, ignition cables, etc.
WARNING
Never
try to repair any part of the SRS/
SIPS/WHIPS/IC systems yourself. Any interference in the system could causemalfunction and serious injury. Any workshould only be performed by an authorizedVolvo workshop.

09 Maintenance and servicing
Working on your vehicle 09
220
Belt check
Check the belt regularly to make sure it is in good condition and is clean. A worn or dirtybelt can cause poor cooling and low alterna-tor output as well as impair the operation ofthe power steering and the air conditioningunit.
NOTE
The drive belt is equipped with a self-ten- sioning mechanism and requires noadjustment between changes.
WARNING
The engine must not be running when this check is performed.
Check coolant level
The cooling system must be filled with cool- ant and not leak to operate at maximum effi-ciency. Check the coolant level regularly. Thelevel should be between the MAX and MIN
marks on the expansion tank. The checkshould be made with particular thoroughnesswhen the engine is new or when the coolingsystem has been drained. Do not remove the filler cap other than for topping up with coolant. Frequent removalmay prevent coolant circulation between the engine and the expansion tank during enginewarm up and cooling.
Changing coolant
Normally, the coolant does not need to be changed. If the system must be drained, con-sult a trained and qualified Volvo servicetechnician. Do not top off with water only. This reduces the rust-protective and antifreeze qualities ofthe coolant and has a lower boiling point. Itcan also cause damage to the cooling systemif it should freeze. Top off with Volvo GenuineCoolant/Antifreeze only (a 50/50 mix of waterand antifreeze.
CAUTION
The cooling system must always be kept filled to the correct level. If it is not keptfilled, there can be high local temperaturesin the engine which could result in dam-age. Different types of antifreeze/coolantmay not be mixed.
WARNING
•
Never remove the expansion tank cap while the engine is warm. Wait until theengine cools.
• If it is necessary to top off the coolantwhen the engine is warm, unscrew theexpansion tank cap slowly so that theoverpressure dissipates.

09 Maintenance and servicing
Engine compartment09
221
Washer fluid reservoir
Expansion tank-coolant
Data plate
Brake fluid reservoir
Relay/fuse box
Power steering fluid reservoir
Dipstick-engine oil
Filler cap-engine oil
Battery (under floor in rear cargo area)
WARNING
The cooling fan (located at the front of the engine compartment, behind the radiator)may start or continue to operate (for up to6 minutes) after the engine has beenswitched off.

09 Maintenance and servicing
Engine oil 09
222
Oil specifications
Full synthetic engine oil meeting the minimum ACEA A5/B5 must be used. Lower quality oilsmay not offer the same fuel economy, engineperformance, or engine protection. Refer to the Warranty and Service Records information booklet for information on oilchange intervals and oil type requirements.
NOTE
This vehicle comes from the factory with synthetic oil.
Oil additives must not be used.
Oil viscosityIncorrect viscosity oil can shorten engine life under normal use. SAE 5W-30 will providegood fuel economy and engine protection.See the viscosity chart.
Viscosity chart
Extreme engine operationSAE 0W-30 oil meeting ACEA A5/B5 require- ments is recommended for driving in areaswith sustained low temperatures.
NOTE
Volvo uses different systems to indicate a low oil level or pressure. Some modelshave an oil pressure sensor, in which casea warning symbol (see page 60) is used toindicate low oil pressure. Other modelshave an oil level sensor, in which case thedriver is alerted by the warning symbol inthe center of the instrument panel and atext in the information display. Some mod-els use both systems. Contact a trainedand qualified Volvo service technician formore information.
Changing engine oil and oil filter
See page 290 for oil volumes. Refer to the Warranty and Service Records Informationbooklet for information on the oil changeintervals.
NOTE
Volvo does not recommend the use of oil additives.
Checking and adding oil
G030880
Location of dipstick (1) and oil filler cap (2)
The oil level should be checked at regular intervals, particularly during the period up tothe first scheduled maintenance service.

09 Maintenance and servicing
Engine oil09
223
•
The vehicle should be parked on a level surface when the oil is checked.
• If the engine is warm
, wait for at least
10-15 minutes after the engine has beenswitched off before checking the oil.
Volvo recommends Castrol oil products
Checking the oil
• Pull out the dipstick and wipe it with a lint-free rag.
• Reinsert the dipstick, pull it out, andcheck the oil level.
• Add oil if necessary. If the level is close tothe
MIN mark, add approximately
0.5 US quarts (0.5 liters) of oil. •
Recheck the level and add more oil ifnecessary until the level is near the
MAX
mark.
• Oil level should be between the
MIN and
MAX marks on the dipstick.
G030881
CAUTION
•Check the engine oil level regularly.
• Never fill oil above the
MAX mark or
let the oil level go below the MIN mark.
This could result in serious damage to the engine.
• Always add oil of the same type andviscosity as already used.
• Oil changes should be carried out by atrained and qualified Volvo servicetechnician.
WARNING
Do not allow oil to spill onto or come into contact with hot exhaust pipe surfaces.