park assist AUDI A5 2021 User Guide

8W7012721BB
Driving

> Turn the engine off again.
> Grasp the socket wrench with both hands and
carefully pull it upward to remove.
> Reinsert the cover and rubber mat.

ZX WARNING
— Only use the parking lock emergency release
if the vehicle is secured against rolling
= page 104. An unsecured vehicle may roll,
which increases the risk of an accident.
— Only activate the emergency release while
on a level surface or a slight slope.
—To reduce the risk of an accident, you must
not drive when the emergency release is ac-
tivated.
@) Note
Due to the risk of damage, carefully remove
the socket wrench when you reset the parking
lock.
Messages
& Transmission: malfunction! Safely stop vehi-
cle

Do not continue driving. Stop the vehicle as soon
as possible in a safe location and secure it so it
does not roll > page 104. See an authorized Audi
dealer or authorized Audi Service Facility for as-
sistance.
fi Transmission: too hot. Please stop vehicle
Do not continue driving. Select "P" and contact an
authorized Audi dealer or authorized Audi Service
Facility for assistance.
[8] Transmission: too hot. Please adapt driving
style
The transmission temperature has increased sig-
nificantly. Drive very cautiously or take a break
from driving until the temperature returns to the
normal range and the indicator light turns off.
[8] Transmission: malfunction! You can contin-
ue driving. See owner's manual
There is a system malfunction in the transmis-
sion. You may continue driving. Drive to an au-
thorized Audi dealer or authorized Audi Service
Facility soon to have the malfunction corrected.
fl Transmission: malfunction! You can contin-
ue driving with limited function. Please contact
Service
There is a system malfunction in the transmis-
sion. The transmission is switching to emergency
mode. This mode only shifts into certain gears or
may no longer shift at all. The engine may stall.
Drive to an authorized Audi dealer or authorized
Audi Service Facility immediately to have the
malfunction corrected.
[@] Transmission: malfunction! You can contin-
ue driving with limited function. No reverse
gear
There is a system malfunction in the transmis-
sion. The transmission is switching to emergency
mode. This mode only shifts into certain gears or
may no longer shift at all. The engine may stall.
You cannot engage the reverse gear. Drive to an
authorized Audi dealer or authorized Audi Service
Facility immediately to have the malfunction cor-
rected.
[8] Transmission: malfunction! You can contin-
ue driving in D until engine is off
There is a system malfunction in the transmis-
sion. The transmission is switching to emergency
mode. If you turn the engine off, you will not be
able to select any other gears after restarting the
engine. Drive to an authorized Audi dealer or au-
thorized Audi Service Facility immediately to have
the malfunction corrected.
i Danger of rolling away! P not possible.
Please apply parking brake
— The parking lock was released using the emer-
gency release > page 108. Or
— The parking lock can no longer be engaged.
Drive to an authorized Audi dealer or author-
ized Audi Service Facility immediately to have
the malfunction corrected. Secure the vehicle
against rolling before exiting the vehicle
=> page 104.
il Selector lever: malfunction! Gear change on-
ly possible if using both shift paddles.
109
>

8W7012721BB
Driving

— The vehicle battery will gradually drain if
the vehicle is not driven for long periods of
time, or if electrical equipment is used
when the engine is not running. To ensure
that the vehicle can still be started, the
electrical equipment will be limited or
switched off.
IC Te lt
B Drive system: malfunction! Safely stop vehi-
cle
There is a malfunction in the drive system. The
brake booster and the power steering may stop
working. Stop the vehicle immediately or as soon
as possible and do not continue driving. Secure
the vehicle against rolling before exiting the vehi-
cle > page 104. Have the problem corrected by
an
authorized Audi dealer or authorized Audi
Service Facility.
B Drive system: malfunction! Please contact
Service
There is a malfunction in the drive system. Drive
slowly to an authorized Audi dealer or authorized
Audi Service Facility to have the malfunction cor-
rected.
Start/Stop system
Applies to: vehicles with Start/Stop system
The Start/Stop system can help increase fuel
economy and reduce CO2 emissions.
In Start/Stop mode, the engine shuts off auto-
matically when stopped, for example at a traffic
light. If certain conditions are met, the engine
may stop before the vehicle has come to a com-
plete stop. If you press the accelerator pedal
when this happens, the engine will start and driv-
ing power will be transmitted.
The ignition and important assist systems such
as the brake booster will remain available during
the Stop phase. The engine will restart automati-
cally when needed.
The Start/Stop system is automatically activated
once
the ignition is switched on.
Switching the Start/Stop system off and on
The @)* button is located above the selector lev-
er in the center console. The LED in the button
turns on when the function is switched off.
> Press (A)>F to switch the system on or off.
If you switch the system off during a Stop phase,
the engine will start again automatically.
Basic requirements
— The driver’s door and the hood must be closed
and the driver’s safety belt must be fastened.
—"P","N", or"D" must be engaged.
—The steering wheel must not be turned far in ei-
ther direction.
— The vehicle must have driven faster than 2 mph
(3 km/h) since the last time it stopped.
— The vehicle is not in trailer mode.
@) Note
Always switch the Start/Stop system off when
driving through water > page 111.
G) Tips
— Depending on the driving situation, the en-
gine may already stop when coasting before
the vehicle has come to a complete stop.
—If you select the "D" position after shifting
into reverse, the vehicle must be driven fast-
er than 6 mph (10 km/h) in order for the
Start/Stop system to become active again.
This makes it possible to maneuver without
stopping the engine.
Stopping and starting the engine
Applies to: vehicles with Start/Stop system
> Press and hold the brake pedal until the vehicle
has stopped. The @J indicator light appears in
the instrument cluster once the engine stops
automatically.
> The engine starts again when you remove your
foot from the brake pedal. The indicator light
turns off.
If the parking brake is set, the engine will only
start again when the accelerator pedal is pressed. >
111

Driving

There is a malfunction in the brake system. If
ES/@ana BAalso turn on, there is a malfunc-
tion in the ABS, ESC, and braking distribution. If
the brake booster is not working, you have to use
much more force when braking the vehicle.
Do not continue driving. See an authorized Audi
dealer or authorized Audi Service Facility for as-
sistance. Read and follow the other safety pre-
cautions > A\.
fie / @ Brake pads: wear limit reached. You
can continue driving. Please contact Service
The brake pads are worn. Drive to an authorized
Audi dealer or authorized Audi Service Facility as
soon as possible to have the malfunction correct-
ed.
Brake booster: limited functionality. You can
continue driving. Please contact Service
There is a brake booster malfunction. The brake
booster is available, but its effectiveness is re-
duced. The braking performance may be different
compared to the usual performance. Drive to an
authorized Audi dealer or authorized Audi Service
Facility immediately to have the malfunction cor-
rected.
Brake booster: deactivated. See owner's manual
The brake booster remains active for a brief peri-
od of time after switching off the ignition. Secure
the vehicle against rolling > page 104.
Other indicator lights
When you switch the ignition on, the BRRMa / @
indicator light turns on briefly to check the func-
tion. If the indicator light does not turn on, there
is a system malfunction.
If Be / @ stays on, there is a malfunction in
the brake system.
© - Ahigh load was placed on the brakes from
driving downhill for a long period of time. Follow
the instructions in the message to utilize the en-
gine braking effect and to relieve the brakes.

ZA WARNING
If a malfunction occurs in the ABS, ESC, and

braking distribution, interventions that stabi-

114

lize the vehicle will no longer be available.
This could cause the vehicle to swerve, which
increases the risk that the vehicle will slide.
Do not continue driving. See an authorized
Audi dealer or authorized Audi Service Facility
for assistance.

Electromechanical
parking brake
Operating the parking brake
The electromechanical parking brake is used to
secure the vehicle from rolling away unintention-
ally.
The ©) switch is located under the selector lever
in the center console. It turns on when the park-
ing brake is set. You can release the parking brake
manually or automatically when you start to
drive.
Setting and releasing the parking brake
> Setting: pull the ®) switch.
> fiin/ appears, the parking brake is hold-
ing the vehicle. You can remove your foot from
the brake pedal.
> Releasing: when the ignition is switched on,
press and hold the brake pedal and press the ©)
button.
If the red indicator light flashes, the braking
force has not built up enough or it has decreased.
You can also secure the vehicle by selecting the
“P” gear or pressing the brake pedal. Make sure
the indicator light is off before you start driving.
Automatically releasing the parking brake
when starting to drive
Requirement: the driver's door must be closed
and the driver’s safety belt must be fastened.
> Press the accelerator pedal to start to drive.

ZA WARNING
—To reduce the risk of an accident, always
make sure the vehicle is situated safely
while stationary.
— If the parking brake is set, it can release au-
tomatically when the accelerator pedal is

8W7012721BB
Driving


pressed. To reduce the risk of an accident,
do not inadvertently press the accelerator
pedal and always shift into “P” when the ve-
hicle is stopped.
— If the power supply fails, you cannot set the
parking brake once it is released, or release
it if it is set. Secure the vehicle against roll-
ing before exiting the vehicle > page 104.
See an authorized Audi dealer or authorized

Audi Service Facility for assistance.

G) Tips
— On steep inclines, especially when in trailer
mode, the vehicle may roll backwards unin-
tentionally when starting to drive. To reduce
the risk of this happening, pull and hold the
switch while pressing the accelerator
pedal. If enough drive power has built up at
the wheels and the vehicle does not roll
backwards, then release the switch to start
to drive.
— If you leave the vehicle when “D” or “R” are
engaged, the parking brake will be set auto-
matically.
— Noises when the parking brake is set and re-
leased are normal and are not a cause for
concern.
— The parking brake goes through a self-test
cycle at regular intervals when the vehicle is
stopped. Any noises associated with this are
normal.
Emergency braking function
Emergency braking should only be used in an
emergency, if the standard brake pedal is mal-
functioning or obstructed. When the emergency
braking function is activated, the braking effect is
similar to a heavy braking maneuver.
> Pull and hold the © switch while driving.
> An audio warning signal will sound and emer-
gency braking will begin.
> If you press the accelerator pedal, emergency
braking will be canceled.
ZA\ WARNING
Heavy braking while driving through curves or
in poor road or weather conditions can cause
the vehicle to slide or the rear of the vehicle to
swerve, which increases the risk of an acci-
dent.
Messages
ERG / ) Parking brake: malfunction! Safely
stop vehicle. See owner's manual
GG / @ Parking brake: malfunction! Please
release parking brake

If one of the two messages appears, there is a
malfunction in the parking brake. If the message
appears while stationary, check if the parking
brake is released and can be reset. If this is the
case, switch the ignition off and back on.
If the message stays on, if the parking brake can-
not be released, or if the message appears while
driving, do not continue driving. Secure the vehi-
cle against rolling before exiting the vehicle
= page 104. See an authorized Audi dealer or au-
thorized Audi Service Facility for assistance.
gw Parking brake: malfunction! Please contact
Service
There is a malfunction in the parking brake. Drive
to an authorized Audi dealer or authorized Audi
Service Facility immediately to have the malfunc-
tion corrected. Do not park the vehicle on inclines
and secure it against rolling before exiting the ve-
hicle > page 104.
/ Parking brake: warning! Vehicle parked
too steep
The braking force may not be enough to secure
the vehicle from rolling away. Park the vehicle in
a place with less of an incline.
fa f Parking brake: applied
The parking brake is set. Press and hold the brake
pedal to release the parking brake.
Take over!
115

Assist systems

Assist systems
General information
SP ae eel idol ay

ZA WARNING
— As the driver, you are always completely re-
sponsible for all driving tasks. The assist
systems cannot replace the driver's atten-
tion. Give your full attention to driving the
vehicle, and be ready to intervene in the
traffic situation at all times.
— Activate the assist systems only if the sur-
rounding conditions permit it. Always adapt
your driving style to the current visual,
weather, road, and traffic conditions.
— Loose objects can be thrown around the ve-
hicle interior during sudden driving or brak-
ing maneuvers, which increases the risk of
an accident. Store objects securely while
driving.
— For the assist systems to be able to react
correctly, the function of the sensors and
cameras must not be restricted. Note the in-
formation on sensors and cameras
=> page 127.

@ Tips
— Pay attention to applicable local regulations
relating to driving tasks, leaving space for
emergency vehicles, vehicle distance, speed,
parking location, wheel placement, etc. The
driver is always responsible for following
the laws that are applicable in the location
where the vehicle is being operated.
— You can cancel a steering or braking inter-
vention by the system, by braking or accel-
erating noticeably, steering, or deactivating
the respective assist system.
— Always check the assist systems settings be-
fore driving. The settings could have been
changed, for example by other drivers.
126
System limitations
ZA\ WARNING
—The use of an assist system cannot over-
come the natural laws of physics. A collision
cannot be prevented in certain circumstan-
ces.

— Warnings, messages, or indicator lights may
not be displayed or initiated on time or cor-
rectly, for example, if vehicles are approach-
ing very fast.
— Corrective interventions by the assist sys-
tems, such as steering or braking interven-
tions, may not be sufficient or they may not
occur. Always be ready to intervene.
G) Tips
— Due to the system limitations when detect-
ing the surrounding area, the systems may
warn or intervene unexpectedly or too late
in certain situations. The assist systems may
also interpret a driving maneuver incorrectly
and then warn the driver unexpectedly.
— The systems may not function as expected
in unusual driving situations, such as driving
offroad, on unpaved roads, on loose ground,
on inclines, or on grooves in the road.


— The systems may not function correctly in
unclear traffic situations, such as turning
lanes, exit ramps, construction zones, rises
or dips that obstruct visibility, intersections,
toll stations, or city traffic.
— The detection of the surrounding area can
be limited, for example by vehicles driving
ahead or by rain, snow, heavy spray, or light
shining into the camera.
— The steering wheel touch recognition may
be limited when you wear gloves. Steering
intervention requests from the steering as-
sist systems may occur more frequently.
— If accessories have been mounted on the
steering wheel, the steering assist systems
may
be limited. The frequency of steering
intervention requests from the steering as-
sist systems may vary as well.

Assist systems


surroundings directly and do not become dis-
tracted.

C) Note
— Obstacles may disappear from the measure-
ment range when approaching them, even if
they were already detected.
—Insome situations, the ability of the sen-
sors and cameras to detect and display cer-
tain objects may be limited.
— Objects located above the coverage area,
such as bumpers on parked cars, garage
doors that are partially open, or objects
that are hanging
— Low obstacles
— Narrow objects, such as barrier chains, fo-
liage, poles, or fences
— Projecting objects, such as trailer draw
bars
— Objects with certain surfaces and struc-
tures,
such as fabric
@) Tips
— The sensors and cameras and the areas
around them must not be obstructed be-
cause this can impair the function of the
systems that depend on them. Make sure
that the sensors and cameras are free of
snow, ice, and other deposits. Do not use
any accessories, stickers, or other objects
that extend into the range of the sensors
and cameras.
— On vehicles that have factory-installed li-
cense plate brackets on the front of the ve-
hicle, the brackets may only be replaced
with ones that are the same size and made
of the same material. Do not install any li-
cense plate brackets on the front of vehicles
that do not have factory-installed brackets.
Otherwise, the function of the system could
be impaired.
— The function of the sensors and cameras
may be limited when light and visibility con-
ditions are poor, for example when driving
into a tunnel, when there is glare, or when
there are reflective objects.
128

— External ultrasonic sensors, such as those in
other vehicles, can interfere with the sen-
sors.
— The coverage areas of the sensors > fig. 106
and cameras > fig. 107 are diagrams and do
not represent a true-to-scale image of the
sensor ranges.
— The system complies with United States FCC
regulations and ISED regulations
=> page 297.
Locations of the sensors and cameras

Fig. 108 Front area: sensors and cameras





Fig. 109 Rear area: sensors and cameras
Front area
Depending on the vehicle equipment, the follow-
ing sensors and cameras may be installed:
— Camera behind the windshield
— Peripheral cameras on the exterior mirrors
— Front peripheral camera in the radiator grille
— Front and side ultrasonic sensors
— Front radar sensors at the corners of the bump-
er

Driver assistance

=> fig. 128. The system uses the data from the ra-
dar sensors at the rear corners of the vehicle.
Displays and warnings
If a door is opened while the vehicle is stationary,
the warning strip @ on that door and the display
@ on that side of the vehicle will blink if another
road user is detected in a critical situation, If an-
other road user that is classified as critical is ap-
proaching while a door is already open, the dis-
plays on that door will turn on.
The same messages apply for the exit warning
system and side assist > page 157.

ZA WARNING
— Observe the safety precautions and note the
limits of the assist systems, sensors, and
cameras > page 126.
— Always pay attention to traffic and to the
area around your vehicle. The exit warning
system does not replace the attention of the
vehicle occupants. The vehicle occupants are
always responsible for opening the doors
and exiting the vehicle.
— The exit warning system does not respond
to people and cannot warn you about every
type of approaching objects, such as cyclists.
Always monitor the traffic as well as the ve-
hicle's surroundings with direct eye contact.
— The display may not appear in time when
vehicles are approaching very quickly.
— The exit warning system does not react to
stationary objects or pedestrians.
— The exit warning system will not provide
alerts if your vehicle is pulled too far into
the parking space so that it is hidden by ad-
jacent vehicles.

@) Tips
— The exit warning is switched on or off by the
side assist warning > page 157.
— The exit warning system can be available for
up to approximately three minutes after un-
locking the vehicle and opening the door as
well as after switching off the ignition. Then
the displays flash briefly and the system
switches off.
158
— The display brightness for the exit warning
system cannot be adjusted.
—The coverage areas of the sensors > fig. 128
are diagrams and do not represent a true-
to-scale image of the sensor ranges.
— The system complies with United States FCC
regulations and ISED regulations
=> page 297.

8W7012721BB
Parking and maneuvering

Parking and
maneuvering
Introduction
Depending on the vehicle equipment, various
parking aids will help you when parking and ma-
neuvering.
Parking aid
The parking aid plus assists you while parking
using audio and visual signals to warn you about
objects detected in front of, behind, and next to*
the vehicle > page 159.
The rearview camera shows the area behind the
vehicle in the center display. The lines in the rear-
view camera image help you to park and maneu-
ver > page 161.
The peripheral cameras are an addition to the
rearview camera and help you to see various
areas around the vehicle while parking and ma-
neuvering > page 161.
The rear cross-traffic assist can warn you of ap-
proaching cross traffic when driving in reverse or
exiting a parking space > page 165.
Assisted parking
Park assist helps you to locate suitable parking
spaces and to park in them and exit them. Park
assist controls the steering movements when
parking in free parking spaces. The driver is still
responsible for accelerating, braking, and shift-
ing gears. The driver must always monitor the
area around the vehicle and supervise the parking
procedure > page 166.
Settings options
You can adjust parking aid functions individually.
The adjustment options depend on the vehicle
equipment.
— Automatic activation > page 159
— Front and rear volume > page 160
— Entertainment fader > page 160.
— View > page 163
— Rear cross-traffic assist > page 165


ZX, WARNING
Observe the safety precautions and note the
limits of the assist systems, sensors, and
cameras > page 126.
iG) Tips
Audi recommends practicing parking in a traf-
fic-free location or parking lot to become fa-
miliar with the systems. Practice parking in
good light and weather conditions.


Parking aid plus

Activating and deactiva
Applies to: vehicles with parking aid plus
B8W-0164
Fig. 130 Center console: parking aid button
General information
The parking aid assists when parking and maneu-
vering by providing warnings about obstacles. If
the ultrasonic sensors on the vehicle > page 128
detect an obstacle, the system will provide audio
and visual warnings.
Activating and deactivating
Requirement: the vehicle speed must be under
approximately 6 mph (10 km/h).
> Press the Pa button in the center console.
When activating, a brief tone will sound and
the LED in the button will turn on.
Automatic activation
> The system activates automatically when re-
verse gear is engaged while the engine is run-
ning. A brief tone will sound.
If Automatic activation is switched on in the
MMI and if the vehicle approaches an obstacle at >
159

Parking and maneuvering

speeds below approximately 6 mph (10 km/h),
the parking aid will switch on automatically. Au-
dible signals will sound once the obstacle is with-
in the sensor detection area.
» Applies to: MMI: To switch Automatic activa-
tion on or off, select on the home screen: VEHI-
CLE > Parking aid > Automatic activation.
Automatic deactivation
The distance indicator for the parking aid plus
will deactivate automatically when driving for-
ward faster than approximately 6 mph (10
km/h).

ZA WARNING
Observe the safety precautions and note the
limits of the assist systems, sensors, and
cameras > page 126.
©) Note
Keep enough distance from the curb to avoid
damage to the rims.
@ Tips
— If the parking aid is switched off, it can only
be reactivated automatically when one of
the following conditions is met:
— The vehicle speed exceeds 6 mph (10 km/h)
— The ignition was switched off and back on
again
— The parking brake was set and then released
— The “P” gear was engaged and released
again
Applies to: vehicles with parking aid plus


Fig. 131 Center display: distance display
160
If the sensors detect an obstacle, audible and vis-
ual signals will warn you.
Visual warnings
The visual warnings in the center display help you
to detect the critical vehicle area and to estimate
the distance to an obstacle.
Red segments (@) show detected obstacles that
are in your vehicle's path. The red lines (2) mark
the expected direction of travel based on the
steering angle. A white segment (8) indicates a
detected obstacle that is outside of the vehicle's
path. The closer your vehicle comes to the obsta-
cle, the closer the segments will move to the ve-
hicle. The collision area has been reached when
the next to last segment is displayed. Obstacles
in the collision area, including those outside of
the vehicle's path, are shown in red. Do not con-
tinue driving farther.
Audio signals
The closer your vehicle gets to a detected obsta-
cle, the shorter the time between the audible sig-
nals. A continuous tone sounds when an obstacle
is less than approximately 1 foot (0.30 m) away
from the front or rear of the vehicle. A continu-
ous tone sounds when an obstacle is less than
approximately 0.7 feet (0.20 m) away from the
sides* of the vehicle. Do not continue driving for-
ward or in reverse >).
> To deactivate audio signals while parking, press
‘Jin the center display. The audio signals will
be automatically activated again the next time
the parking aid is activated.
Adjusting the volume
You can adjust the volume to your preferences.
The settings depend on the vehicle equipment.
> Applies to MMI: Select on the home screen: VE-
HICLE > Parking aid. Or:
> Press |--] in the center display when the parking
aid is active.


Possible settings:
Front volume - Volume for the front and side*
area.
Rear volume - Volume for the rear area.

8W7012721BB
Parking and maneuvering

Entertainment fader —- The volume of the audio/
video source is Lowered when the parking aid is
activated.
The new level is demonstrated briefly* when the
volume is adjusted.
Error messages
If P4 appears, the sensor in the respective area
or the speaker is faulty. Drive immediately to an
authorized Audi dealer or authorized Audi Service
Facility to have the malfunction repaired.
iffy or fa is displayed when there is a malfunc-
tion, the parking aid functions may be unavaila-
ble or may be limited.
A message that indicates the cause and possible
solution may appear with some displays. The
weather conditions may be too poor or a sensor
may be covered. Clean the area in front of the
sensors > page 128 and try to turn on the sys-
tems again later.
If the malfunction remains, drive to an author-
ized Audi dealer or authorized Audi Service Facili-
ty immediately to have the malfunction correct-
ed.

ZX WARNING
— Observe the safety precautions and note the
limits of the assist systems, sensors, and
cameras > page 126.
— Sensors and cameras have spots in which
the surrounding area cannot be detected.
Objects, animals, and people may only be
detected with limitations may not be detect-
ed at all. Always monitor the traffic and the
vehicle's surroundings directly and do not
become distracted.



@) Note
— Keep enough distance from the curb to
avoid damage to the rims.
— Applies to: vehicles with park assist: If you
park in short parking spaces using park as-
sist, a continuous tone sounds from the
parking aid when the distance to an object is
less than approximately 0.7 ft (0.20 m). Do
not continue driving farther.
@) Tips
— The segments in the side area* are detected
and analyzed when passing. If you switch
the ignition off and on again or open the
door, or if the vehicle is stationary for a peri-
od of time, the surrounding area may have
changed in the meantime. In this scenario,
the side area* will appear black until the
area has been detected and evaluated.
— If the distance to an obstacle remains con-
stant, the volume of the distance warning
gradually lowers after a few seconds until it
is muted (this does not apply to the continu-
ous tone). If the obstacle comes closer than
it was before the sound was muted, the
tone will sound again. If the obstacle be-
comes farther away than it was before the
sound was muted, no tone will sound. Pay
attention to the vehicle's surroundings
when you start to drive.
Rearview camera and
peripheral cameras
Introduction
Applies to: vehicles with rearview camera/peripheral cameras

B8V-0629

Fig. 132 Orientation line display when parking
Depending on the vehicle equipment, a rearview
camera or multiple peripheral cameras may be
available.
The rearview camera helps you to park or maneu-
ver using the orientation lines.
The peripheral cameras expand the vehicle over-
view to include various views around the vehicle
that can be selected.
161