light AUDI Q7 2012 Owner´s Manual
[x] Cancel search | Manufacturer: AUDI, Model Year: 2012, Model line: Q7, Model: AUDI Q7 2012Pages: 342, PDF Size: 86.42 MB
Page 133 of 342

next to the lane you are using
¢page 135.
Operation
Applies to vehicles: with side assist
Side assist compares the distance and differÂ
ence in speed of detected vehicles with the
speed of your vehicle . Whenever the differÂ
ence in speed and d istance is registered as noÂ
table if you were to change lanes, a signal l ight appea rs on the respective mirror.
The signal can light up if you are passed by a
vehicle or if you are pass ing another vehicle.
If you pass another vehicle s lowly (difference
in speed less than 9 mph, or 15 km/h), the
signal light will come on as soon as the other
vehicle is in your blind spot and is detected by
side assist . When the difference in speed is
g reater, the signal light will not come on.
Informational and alert stage signals
Applies to vehicles: with side assist
Side assist has two signal stages:
- the informational stage signal, and
- the alert stage signal.
Side assist he lps you by using the appropriate
signal stage, depending on whether or not
you have activated the turn signal, and thus have indicated that you are or are not changÂ
in g lanes .
Informational stage signal
As long as you have not activated the turn sigÂ
nal, side assist informs you of detected vehiÂ
cles that are registered as being in a notable locat ion if you were to change lanes. WhenevÂ
er the detected vehicle's difference i n speed
and distance is registered by side assist as noÂ
table, the signal light on the respective m irror
produces muted illuminat ion.
The br ightness of the informat ional stage sig Â
nal is designed not to be as intense, so that it
does not interfere with your view of the road
when yo u are driving and have no intention of
changing lanes. When you look i n the outside
Aud i side assist 131
mirror, you can clearly see the informational
stage signal.
Alert stage signal
When you activate the turn signal, and s ide
ass ist has detected a vehicle in a notable locaÂ
t ion on that part icular s ide, the signa l light on
this side mirror flashes brightly. The repeated
brief and bright flashing of the alert stage
signal reminds you to carefully check traffic to
the rear in the outside mirror and over your
shoulder, so that you can safely complete the lane change
¢ A in Safety tips on page 136 .
@ Tips
The brightness of the signal light on the
outside mirrors can be adjusted with the
MMI ¢page 134.
Driving situation: Fast approaching
vehicles
Applies to vehicles: with side assist
Fig. 151 Side assist : Fast app roaching vehicles
@ Signal on outside mirror does not light
up
No vehicle was detected by the sensors. The
signal on the outside mirror does not light up
¢ A in Safety tips on page 136. IJJ,,
Page 134 of 342

132 Audi side assist
@ Informational stage signal lights up
A fast approaching veh icle - in the left-hand
l ane for examp le - was detected by the senÂ
sors . Although this vehicle is sti ll far away, it
should be taken into account if you were to
change lanes, due to the considerable differ Â
ence in speed. The informational stage signal
on the outside m irror lights up
c::;, page 131.
@ Alert stage signal flashes
If you activate your turn signal in driving sitÂ
uation @, the signal briefly f lashes repeatedÂ
ly. Side ass ist is alerting you to a veh icle that
you may not have noticed.
@ Tips
- The faster a vehicle approaches from the
rear, the sooner the signal on the outside
mirror lights up. Side assist will signa l,
at the latest, when a detected vehicle enÂ
ters your "blind spot" .
- When vehicles approach very quickly,
changing lanes can be dangerous even if
the signal on the outside mirror does not
light up.
Driving situation: Slowly approaching
vehicles
Applies to vehicles : wi th side assist
@
Fig. 152 Side assist: S low ly approac hing veh icles and
veh icles in yo ur blind spot
@ Signal on outside mirror does not light
up
A vehicle approaching slowly -in the left-hand
lane for example - was detec ted by the senÂ
sors. Because of the small d ifference in speed
and the considerable distance from your vehi Â
cle, the signal on the outside mirror will not
light up
c::;, &. in Safety tips on page 136.
@ Informational stage signal lights up
The distance between your vehicle and that of
the slow ly approaching vehicle has narrowed .
The informationa l stage signal on the outside
mirror lights up.
As soon as the differe nce in speed and disÂ
tance is registered as notable if you were to
change lanes, a signa l on the mirror lights up.
Side assist will signal at the latest when a de-
tected vehicle enters your "b lind spot". .,,.
Page 135 of 342

@ Alert stage signal flashes
If you activate your turn signal in driving sitÂ
uation @, the signa l light briefly flashes reÂ
peatedly. Side assist is alerting you of a vehiÂ
cle that you may not have noticed .
@ Tips
-The faster a vehicle approaches from the
rear, the sooner the signa l on the outside
mirror lights up. Side assist will signa l,
at the latest, when a detected vehicle enÂ
ters your "blind spot".
- When vehicles approach very quickly,
changing lanes can be dangerous even if
the signal on the outside mirror does not
light up.
Driving situation: Vehicles dropping
back slowly
Applies to vehicles: with side assist
®
Fig . 153 Side assist: Vehicles dropp ing back s lowly
CD Signal on outs ide mirror does not light
up
The vehicle that you passed has not yet been
detected by side assist . The signal on the outÂ
side mirror does not light up
q .& in Safety
tips on page 136.
Audi side assist 133
@ Informational stage signal lights up
A vehicle dropping back slowly on the r ight
(difference in speed of less than 9 mph, or lS
km/h) has been detected by side assist. The
informational stage signa l on the outside mirÂ
ror lights up.
@ Alert stage signal flashes
If you activate yo ur turn signal in driving sitÂ
uation @, the signal briefly flashes repeatedÂ
ly. Side assist is alerting you of a vehicle that
you may not have noticed.
Driving situation: Vehicles dropping
back quickly
Applies to vehicles: with side assist
®
Fig. 154 Side assist: Veh icles dropp ing back quickly
CD Signal on outside mirror does not light
up
T he vehicle just passed has not yet been deÂ
tected by side ass ist. The sign al on the outÂ
side mirror does not light up
q .& in Safety
tips on page 136 .
@ Signal on outside mirror does not light
up
The vehicle dropping back quickly on the right
( difference in speed of more than 9 mph, or
lS km/h) has been detected by side assist,
1J1>
Page 136 of 342

134 Audi side assist
but is not considered notable in the event of a
l ane change, because it is dropping back so
qu ickly. The s ignal on the outside m irror does
not light up¢.&.
in Safe ty tips on page 136.
@ Signal on outs ide mirror does not light
up
If you activate your turn signal in driving sitÂ
uation @, the signa l st ill does not light up on
the outside mirror¢.&.
in Safe ty tips on
page 136 .
MMI settings
Applies to vehicles: with side assist
The basic brightness se tting of the signal on
t he ou tside mirror can be adjusted via the
MMI .
.. Select : Function button ICARI > Contro l butÂ
ton
Systems* > Audi side assist . Or
.. Select : Function button
ICARI > Control butÂ
ton
Car systems* > Driver assist > Audi side
assist.
The brightne ss of the signal light for both the
in format ional and alert stages is automatical Â
ly adjusted to amb ient light conditions. In adÂ
d ition, you can adjust the
basic brightness
sepa rately, via the brigh tness function.
Wh ile making the adjustment, the new
brightness setting is displayed briefly . The
brightness displayed is that of the informaÂ
tional stage signal. The alert stage signal
brightness is linked to the informational stage
signal brightness.
The informational stage signal br ightness
should be adjusted so that you not ice the sigÂ
nal illuminat ion when yo u loo k in the outside
mirror, but not when you look forward
through the windshield.
I n very dark or l ight surroundings , the autoÂ
mat ic brightness setting adjusts signal light
brightness to maximum or minimum intensi Â
ty, as needed. In circumstances such as these,
you may not notice any change in the brightÂ
ness on the outside mirror when ad justing the
basic brightness .
You may not notice the change until lighting
conditions are normal again.
(D Tips
-Side ass ist is not active when the basic
brightness is adjusted . The s ignal light
comes on briefly to help you make the
adjustment .
- Yo ur settings are automatically stored
and assigned to the remote contro l key
being used.
· General information '
App lies to vehicles : wit h side assist
Side assist has limits and canno t detect vehiÂ
cles under all road and weather condit ions .
Please remember system limitations and nevÂ
er rely on the system , especially when :
- driving through curves¢
page 134,
-lanes are of different widths¢ page 135.
' When driving through curves
Applies to vehicles: wit h side assist
Side assist cannot detect vehicles in curves
with a turning rad ius of less than 328 feet
(100 m).
When driving through a curve, it is poss ible
that side assi st m ay reg ister a veh icle two
lanes over, and the signal on the outside mirÂ
ror will light up.
Page 139 of 342

Automatic transmission
tiptronic ®
General information
Your vehicle is equipped with an electronically
controlled automatic transmission. Upshifting
and downshifting takes p lace
automatically.
The transmission is also equipped with tipÂ
tronic ®. It allows the driver to shift gears
manually if desired ¢ page 140.
Driving the automatic transmission
Fig. 157 Shift gate o n the center console : se lector lev Â
er with release button
Starting the engine
.. The selector lever must be in Nor P.
Starting off
.. Press and hold the brake pedal.
.. Press and hold the release button in theseÂ
lector lever handle and move the selector
lever from
P or N to D and release the butÂ
ton ¢.&,. .
.. Wait briefly until the transmission has shiftÂ
ed (you will feet a slight movement).
.. Remove your foot from the brake pedal and
accelerate.
Rocking back and forth to become
unstuck
.. Shift only between D and R when the vehiÂ
cle is at a full stop and the engine is running
at id le speed.
Autom atic transm ission 13 7
Stopping
.. Press and hold the brake pedal until the veÂ
hicle has come to a complete stop.
.. Keep the brake pedal depressed so that the
vehicle cannot roll forward or backward
while it is idling
c> .&,. .
.. Once stopped,
do not depress the acceleraÂ
tor pedal to rev up the engine
c> .&, .
Parking
.. Press and hold the brake peda l until the veÂ
hicle has come to a comp lete stop.
.. Set the parking brake firmly
¢page 110,
Parking .
.. Press and hold the release button in theseÂ
lector lever handle, move the selector lever
into
P and then let go of the release button
¢ .&,.
The selector lever must be in Nor P. If one of
the driving positions is engaged a safety
switch will p revent the eng ine from being
started . See also
<=>page 106.
Before you move the selector lever from the P
position, you must always apply the brake
pedal before and while depressing the button
in the handle of the selector lever.
A WARNING
-Unintended vehicle movement can cause
serious injury .
- When the se lector lever is in a driving
pos ition, the vehicle may creep, even at
i dle speed . Therefore do not release
the parking brake o r foot brake until
you are ready to move, because power
i s transmitted to the wheels as soon as
a driving position is engaged .
- Do not accelerate while selecting a
driving position. At this time the enÂ
gine must be at idle speed so that unÂ
due stress is not placed on the clutches
in the transmission .
- Remember: -even when stopped brief-
l y with the automatic transmission in
"D", "S" or "R", engine power is being
transmitted to the wheels. Your vehicle
~
Page 140 of 342

138 Automatic transmi ssion
co uld "creep" forward or backward.
When stopped, keep the brake pedal
fully depressed and use the parking brake if necessary to keep the vehicle
from ro lling .
- If the selector lever is unintentionally
moved into N wh ile you are driving, take
yo ur foot off the accele rato r pedal and
wa it for the engine to return to idle
speed befo re selecting a d rivi ng position .
- Never shift into "R" or "P" when the vehiÂ
cle is in mot ion.
- Never get out of the dr iver 's seat when
the engine is runn ing .
- If you must get out of the vehicle, move
the se lector lever securely into the P poÂ
sit io n and apply the par king brake f irm ly.
- If the eng ine must remain ru nning, never
hav e any driv ing pos ition engaged when
c hec king under the hood . M ake sure t he
sele ctor lever has securely eng aged and
is locke d in "P" with the par king brake
firmly set ¢
page 248, Engine compart Â
ment .
Otherw ise, any increase in eng ine
speed may set the vehicle in m otion,
even w ith the par kin g brake applied.
Selector lever positions
This section describes the selector lever posi Â
tions and driving ranges.
F ig. 158 Display in t he in st rum en t cluste r: selecto r
lev er in po sit ion P
The inst rumen t cluste r display shows the c urÂ
rent selector lever position .
P - Park
In this selector lever posi tion the transm isÂ
s ion is mechanica lly locked. Engage
P only
whe n the vehicle is
completely stopped¢&.
in Driving the automatic transmission on
page 137.
T o shift in or out of posit ion P , you mus t first
press and ho ld the brake pedal and then press
the re lease button in the selector leve r hand le
whi le moving the selector lever to or from
P .
You can shift out of th is position only with the
ignition o n.
R • Reverse
The transm iss ion w ill automatically select the
lowest gear ratio when you shift into reverse .
Se lect
R o nly when t he vehi cle is at a full stop
and the engine is running at idle speed¢&. in
Driving the automatic transmission on
page 137.
B efore you move the se lector lever to R , press
both the button in the hand le o f the se lecto r
lever and the brake pedal at the same t ime.
W hen the ignition is on, the bac kup light s illuÂ
minate w hen t he selec to r l ever is
moved in to
R .
N -Neutral
The transm iss io n is in neut ral in this pos it ion .
S hi ft to t his position fo r standing with the
brakes app lied
¢ page 139.
When the vehicle is stat iona ry or at speeds
below 3 mph (5 km/h) , you must always app ly
t h e foo tbrake before and wh ile mov ing the
l ever o ut o f
N.
D - Normal position for driving forward
Position D is for no rma l city and highway driv Â
ing . It ranges from zero to top speed and all
gears shift automatically , depend ing on enÂ
gine load, d riving speed and a utomat ically seÂ
l ected shift p rog rams.
When the vehicle is stat iona ry or at speeds
below 3 mph (5 km/h), you must always app ly
IJ,,
Page 143 of 342

To upshift
• Push the selec tor leve r forw ard to the pl us
pos ition
0 ¢ fig. 160 .
To downshift
• Push the lever to the m in us position Q .
When acce lerating, the transm iss ion w ill auÂ
tomatically sh ift into the next gear before the
e ngine reaches its maxim um RPM .
If you app ly a light throttle when acceleratÂ
ing , tiptronic ® will automatically shift from
1st to 2nd gear to save fuel. If you apply a
h eavy thrott le, the transmission will stay in
1st gear unt il n ear maximum R PM is reached,
or until the d river sh ifts i nto 2nd gear .
If you take your foot off the accelerator peda l
when dr iv ing down a steep incli ne , tiptronic ®
will downshift from th e se lected gear into the
n ex t lowe r gear until it reaches 1st gea r,
b ased on ro ad s peed and eng ine RPM . A utoÂ
mat ic downshifting is in ter rupted as soon as
you apply t he thrott le again.
@ Tips
- Wh en you sh ift i nto the next lower ge ar,
t h e transm iss io n will dow nshi ft only
whe n there is no possibility of over-revÂ
v ing the engine.
- When t he kick -down comes on, t he
transmission will s hift down to a lower
gear, depending on ve hicle and engine
speeds .
- tiptron ic® is inoperative w hen the transÂ
mission is in the fail-sa fe mode.
Autom atic transm ission 141
Steering wheel with tiptronic ®
Applies to vehicles: w ith t iptronic-steering wheel
T he shift buttons on the steering wheel allow
the driver to shift gears manually .
Fig. 162 Steering w hee l: S hift b utt ons
• To down shi ft, tou ch the bu tton on t he left
o .
• To upshift, touch the button on the right
0 .
The shift bu tton s a re activ at ed when these Â
lector lever is in D, So r in the manual s hift
program (tiptronic) .
O f c ourse , you can c ontinue to use the manu al
s hift p rogram wi th the selecto r leve r on the
cente r co nsole.
Automatic transmission malfunction
[O] Transmission malfunction: You can conÂ
tinue driv ing
T he re is a system mal func tion in the t ransmisÂ
s io n. You may cont inue dr iving . Drive to your
a u tho rized Aud i dea ler o r qualified repa ir faÂ
cility soon to have the ma lfunction corrected.
[O] Transmis sion malfunction: Limited drivÂ
ing functionality
T he re is a system mal func tion i n the t ransmisÂ
s io n. The transm iss ion is swi tching to emerÂ
gency mode. This mode o nly shifts into cerÂ
ta in gears o r will no longer shift at all . The en Â
gine may sta ll. Drive to your a uthorized Audi
dealer or qualified repair facility immediately
to have the malfunction correcte d.
IJJ,,
Page 147 of 342

Rearv iew cam era c overage a rea
The MM I display shows the area covered by
the rearview camera c:>
fig. 166 (!). Objects
that are not in the area covered @are not
shown on the MMI display .
We recommend that yo u practice parking with
the rearview camera in a traffic-free location
or parking lot to become familiar with the sys Â
tem, the orientation lines, and their function.
When do ing th is, there should be good light
and weather conditions.
I n the MMI disp lay, objects or vehicles appear
closer or further away if:
- you are driving in reverse gear from a level
s u rface onto an incline, or a downward
s lope,
- you are driving in reverse gear toward pro Â
truding objects,
- the vehicle is carrying too much load in the
rear .
The accuracy of the or ientat ion lines and blue
surfaces dimin ishes if:
- the Adaptive A ir Suspension* is faulty or the
dynamic, offroad or lift mode is on,
- the rearv iew camera does not provide a reliÂ
able image, for example, in poor visibility
cond it ions or if the lens is dirty,
- the image on the screen is not visible due to sun glare and reflection.
Ca ring for the rear view c amer a len s
The rearview camera is located above the rear
license plate bracket . For the parking system
to operate, the lens
c:> fig. 167 must be kept
clean:
- Dampen the lens with a househo ld alcoho lÂ
based glass cleaner, and then wipe the lens
clean with a dry cloth c:>0 .
- Remove snow with a hand brush and ice
preferably with a de-icing spray
c:> ([).
A WARNING
-The parking system cannot rep lace the
dr iver's attention. The driver alone is re-
-
Par king system 145
sponsib le for parking and simi lar d riving
maneuvers.
- Sensors have blind spots in which objects
cannot be detected. Pay spec ia l attention
to small children and an imals because
the sensors cannot always detect them.
-Always keep your eyes on the vehicle's surroundings, us ing the rearview mirror
as well.
- Do not allow yourself to be distracted
from traffic by the rearv iew camera picÂ
tures .
- If the position and the installation angle
of the camera has changed, for example,
after a rear end collision, do not continue
to use the system for safety reasons.
H ave it checked by a qualified dea le rship.
(D Note
- Low obstacles a lready s ignaled by a
warning can disappear from the system's
detect ion range as they are approached
and w ill not continue to be s ignaled. ObÂ
jects such as ba rr ie r chains, trai le r d raw
bars, thin painted vert ica l poles or fenÂ
ces may not be detected by the system,
posing r isk of damage .
- Never use warm or hot wate r to remove
snow or ice from the rearview camera
lens -this could cause the lens to crack!
- When cleaning the lens, never use prod Â
ucts that are ab rasive.
Page 148 of 342

146 Parking system
Switching on and off
Applies to vehicles: with Audi parking system plus w ith
rea rview camera
The reorview camera switches on automatiÂ
cally together with the acoustic and visual
pork assist when you put the vehicle in re verse .
Fig. 168 Ce nter console: Park ing system switc h
Fig. 169 MMI display: visual d istance d isplay
Switching on
> Switch the MMI on and se lect reverse gear.
> Switc h on the Adaptive Air Suspension*
comfort or automatic mode.
> To use the front pa rking system , press the
switch P"1t in the center console
c:> fig. 168. A
short confirmat ion tone sou nds a nd the in Â
di ca to r li ght in the swi tch lights up.
Switching betwe en the r earview camera
and visual display
> Press the Graphi c control button
¢
page 147, fig. 170@to see the v isua l
display.
> Press the Rea r view contro l button to see
the rearview camera image
<=:> fig. 169.
Switching off
> Drive faster than 6 mph (10 km/h), or
> press the sw itch P 1t or
> switch off the ignition.
Segm ents in the visual display
The red segments in fro nt of and behind the
vehicle
<=:> fig. 169 help you to determ ine t he
distan ce between yo u and an obstacle. As
your vehicle comes close r to the obstacle, the
segments move closer to the vehicle . The co lÂ
lision area has been reached when the next to
l ast segment is displayed . Do not continue
driving farther ¢
& in General Information
on page
145!
A WARNING
-
- The MMI d isplay cannot show, or ca nnot
adequately show, certain objects (such as
sma ll posts or grating), recesses in the
g rou nd a nd p rot ruding pa rts on ano ther
car.
- Onl y use t he rearview camera to ass ist
you i f it shows a good, clear pic ture. For
examp le, the image may be affec ted by
the sun s hining into the lens, d irt on the
lens or if there is a defect.
- Use the rearv iew came ra only wi th the
rear lid comp lete ly closed . Make s ure any
objects you may have mounted on the
rear lid do not b lock the rearview camÂ
era.
(D Tips
- The sensors m ust be kept clean and free
of snow and ice for the park assist to opÂ
erate.
- The visua l display is shown in the ill usÂ
tration of the rearview camera. Th is dis Â
play shows where the sensors have deÂ
tected an obstacle.
- You can change the volume and pitch of
the s ignals as we ll as the disp lay
c:> page 148.
- Please follow the instructions for tow ing
a trailer
c:> page 149.
- What appears in the display is time-deÂ
layed.
Page 153 of 342

possible to raise the suspension to a high leve l
above certain speeds .
When a speed of about 75 mph (120 km/h) is
exceeded for more than 30 seconds, the vehiÂ
cle is automatically lowe red to
low level when
in comfort and automatic mode. Ground
clearance is about 0.6 inch (15 mm) less,
compared to the
normal level.
When a speed of about 100 mph (160 km/h)
is exceeded for more than 20 seconds , the veÂ
h icle is automat ica lly lowered to
highway levÂ
el
when in automatic and dynamic mode.
Ground clearance is about 1.4 inches (35 mm)
less, compared to the
normal level. Road
holding is opt imized as a result of the lower
center of gravity, and fuel consumption is reÂ
duced as a result of reduced wind resistance .
Level adjustment
high level 2
high level 1
normal leve l
low level
highway level
Ground clearance
about 9 .4 inches
(240 mm)
about
8 inches
(205 mm)
about 7 inches (180 mm)
about 6 .5 inches
(165 mm)
about 5.7 inches (145 mm)
The segment disp lay @ in the MMI Display
c:::> page 152 or in the instrument cluster disÂ
p lay
i:> page 153 shows the current vehicle
level.
Automatic
Select the automatic mode if you prefer a balÂ
anced, comfortable suspension setting . The
damping characteristics are adjusted accordÂ
ingly.
- Automatic lowe ring: When a speed of
about 75 mph (120 km/h) is exceeded for
more than 30 seconds, the vehicle is autoÂ
matically lowered by about 0.6 inch (15
mm) to the
low level, wh ich is more suitable
for highway speeds. Road hold ing is opti Â
mized as a result of the lower center of grav-
Ad aptive Air Su sp en sion 15 1
ity and fuel consumption is reduced as a re Â
sult of reduced wind resistance . When a
speed of about 100 mph (160 km/h) is ex Â
ceeded for more than 20 seconds, the veh iÂ
cle is automatically lowered by an addit ional
0 .8 inch (20 mm) to
highway level.
- Automat ic raising: When the vehicle is at
highway level and the speed falls below
about 80 mph (130 km/h) for more than 20
seconds, the vehicle is automatically raised
to
low level. T he ve hicle is automat ica lly
ra ised aga in to
normal level if the speed
fa lls below abo ut 44 mph (70 km/h) for a
period of 2 minutes . The vehicle is raised im Â
mediately when speed fa lls below abo ut 22
mph (35 km/h).
Dynamic
Se lect the dynamic mode if you prefer a spo rÂ
ty suspension setting. In t his mo de, the veh iÂ
cle is lowered to
low level while it is still staÂ
tionary and sporty damping characteristics
are se lected . The warning light
Ill in the inÂ
strument cl uster will come on for a few secÂ
onds just to rem ind you of the reduced ground
clearance .
If you switc h off the engine whi le the vehicle
is in the dynamic mode and then switch on the
ignition once aga in, the
Ill warning light will
also come on aga in for a few seconds as a reÂ
minder .
-Automa tic lo weri ng : When a speed of
about 100 mph (160 km/h) is exceeded for
more than 20 seconds, the vehicle is auto Â
matically lowered by 0 .8 inch (20 mm) to
highway level .
-Automat ic ra is ing: The veh icle is automatiÂ
cally ra ised to
low level aga in, if the speed
fa lls below about 80 mph (130 km/h) fo r a
pe riod of 20 seconds. The veh icle is raised
immed iate ly w hen speed falls be low about
22 mph (35 km/h).
Comfort
Select the comfort mode if you desire a s usÂ
pension setting with a special emp hasis on
comfort . Damp ing cha racte ristics w ith a clea r
Iii-