tire pressure AUDI Q7 2017 Owner´s Manual

Table of contents Media ... . ... ... .. .......... .. .. ...
228
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
Notes ... .. .. .. ... .......... .. .. .. . 228
Media drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
Bluetooth audio player . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
Wi -F i aud io player . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
Online media and Internet radio . . . . . . . . 233
Multimedia connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234
Pla ying media. .. ............. .... .. . 237
Additional settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240
Supported media and file formats . . . . . . 243
Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244
Audi smartphone interface . . . . . . 247
Setup ... .. .... ... .......... .. .. ... 247
Operating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247
Troubleshoot ing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248
System settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249
Setting the date and time . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249
MMI settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249
Connection manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250
System update . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252
Sound settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
Volume settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
Restarting the MMI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
Software license i nformat ion 254
Safety first . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256
Driving safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256
Bas ics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256
Correct passenger seating positions . . . . . 257
D river's and front passenger's footwell . . 260
Pedal area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
Storing cargo correctly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
Reporting Safety Defects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263
Safety belts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
Gene ral information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
Why use safety belts? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266
Safety belts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268
Belt tensioners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271
Airbag system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273
Important information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273
Front airbags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
Mo nito ring the Advanced Airbag System . 285
4
Side airbags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289
Side curtain airbags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292
Child safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295
Important information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295
Child safety seats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301
Securing child safety seats . . . . . . . . . . . . 306
LATCH system (lower anchorages and
tethers for c hildren) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309
Additional information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313
Maintenance and Care ........... 314
Checking and Filling . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314
Gasoline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314
Diesel fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315
Refueling ..... .. .. .. .. ........... .. 316
Selective catalytic reduction (AdBlue/
DEF) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318
Emissions control systems . . . . . . . . . . . . 321
Engine compartment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322
Engine o il . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 324
Cooling system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328
Brake fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329
Battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330
Windshield washer system . . . . . . . . . . . . 331
Service interva l display 332
Wheels ........ ... ...... ....... ... 333
Wheels and Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333
T ire pressure monitoring system . . . . . . . 351
Run-flat tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352
Care and cleaning .... .......... .. 354
General informat ion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 354
Car washes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 354
Cleaning and care information . . . . . . . . . 355
P lac ing your vehicle out of service . . . . . . 359
Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360
Emergency assistance . . . . . . . . . . . 360
Genera l information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360
Eq uip ment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360
Tire mobility kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360
Replacing a whee l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 362

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:E: ' Electronic Stabilization Control
(ESC) ./
¢page29
Electronic Stabilization Control
(ESC)
¢page 149
Brake system
¢page29
USA models:
Anti-lock braking system (ABS)./
¢page29
Canada models:
Anti-lock braking system (ABS)./
¢page29
Safety systems ./
¢page29
USA models:
Brake pads
¢page29
Canada models:
Brake pads
¢page29
Electromechanical parking brake
¢page26
Tire pressure
¢page 351
-'
Tire pressure
_ ¢page351
Engine control
¢page30
Engine control (diesel engine)
¢page30
Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL)
./
¢page30
Diesel particulate filter*
¢page30
Engine speed limitation
¢page 30
Engine oil level (MIN)
¢page27
Engine oil level (MAX)
¢page326 Cockpit overview
Engine
oil sensor
¢page 31
Engine warm -up request
¢ page 31
Battery charge
c>page 27
Tank system
i=>page 31
Washer fluid level
¢page 31
Windshield wipers
¢page 31
Remote control key
¢page 82
Driver's door
¢page 31
Battery in remote control key
¢page 36
Bulb failure indicator
¢page 31
Headlight range control system
¢page 32
Adaptive light*
c>page 32
Light/rain sensor
c>page 32
Active lane assist*
c>page 124
Audi s ide assist*
c> page 131
Audi pre sense*
¢page 122
Night vision assist*
c>page 134
Parking aid*
c>page 146
Transmission
c>page 95
Steering lock
c>page28
Engine start system
c>page28
23

Driving
engaged, for examp le when you notice that the
next traffic light is red . This produces an engine
braking effect, wh ich helps to protect the brakes
and tires and reduces the emissions and fuel con­
sumpt ion to zero (fuel shut-off during decelera­
tion) .
Shift efficientl y
Upshifting earlier is an effective way to save fuel.
Staying in a gear too long uses fue l unnecessari­
ly .
Press down on the acce lerator peda l slowly and
avoid "k ick -down".
Avoid full acceleration
You sho uld rarely t ravel a t the maximum vehicle
speed. High speeds cause a disp ropor tionately
h igh increase in fuel consumption, emissions and
traffic noise . Driving more slowly saves fue l.
Reduce idling time
The Start/Stop system* helps to reduce the id ling
time automatically. In vehicles wi tho ut the Start/
Stop system*, it is efficient to switch the engine
off when stopped at rai lroad crossings and long
red lights . Stopping the engine for 30 -40 sec ­
onds already saves more fuel than the amount of
extra fuel needed to restart the eng ine.
I t takes a very long time in idle to wa rm the en ­
gine up to operating temperature . Wear and
emissions are especially high in the wa rm -up
phase. Therefore, yo u should begin driving im­
mediately after starting the engine. Avoid high
RPMs while do ing th is .
Have ma intenance performed regularly
By having maintenance performed regu larly on
your veh icle, you can help to reduce f uel con­
sumpt ion before yo u even start to dr ive. The
maintenance condition of your vehicle not only
affects traffic safety and long -term value but a l­
so impacts f uel consumption . A poorly main­
tained engine can lead to f uel consumpt ion that
is 10% higher tha n normal.
80
Avoid short trips
The eng ine and exh aust clean ing syste m mus t
r each their op tima l operating temperatu re to ef­
fectively reduce consumption and emissions.
A cold engine uses a d isp roportion ately high
amoun t of fue l. The e ngine re aches opera ting
temperat ure and cons umption norma lizes on ly
after approximate ly 2.S mi les ( 4 km).
Check the tire pressure
To save fue l, ma ke sure the t ires are always in­
flated to the corre ct press ure
~ page 343. The
f uel consumpt ion c an increase by S% if the p res­
s ur e is only 0 .S bar too low. Due to the inc reased
rol ling resistance, low tire pressures w ill also
l ead to greater tire wear and will affect driving
behavior.
Do not drive on winter tires year -round, as this
will consume up to 10% more f ue l.
Eliminate unnecessary weight
Since eve ry po und of ext ra weight increases f uel
consump tion, a quick inspect io n of the luggage
compartment may be wo rth it to avoid unneces ­
sary weight .
When not be ing used, a roof ra ck sho uld be re­
moved to decrease the w ind resis tance of the ve­
hicle . This will save yo u approx ima tely 12% fue l
at speeds from 62 -7S mph (100 -120 km/h) .
Save energy
The engine d rives the generator, which generates
electri city; the f uel consumpt ion also increases
with t he deman d for e lec tricity . T he refore, sw itch
electrica l eq uipment o ff when you no longe r
need it . Examples of eq uipment that uses a lot of
energy are air blowers at a high setting, the rear
window defogger and seat heating* .
CJ) Note
Do not leave engine idling unattended after
starting. If warning lights s hould come on to
i ndicate imprope r operation, they would go
unheeded. Extended idling also prod uces
h eat, which could result in overheating or
other damage to the vehicle or othe r proper­
ty .

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:E: ' _& WARNING
-If you do not begin driving immediately or
the engine stalls after releasing the brake pedal, your vehicle may begin to roll back­
ward . Press the brake pedal or set the park­
ing brake immed iately.
- The intelligent technology of hill hold assist
cannot overcome the lim itations imposed by
natural physical laws. The increased comfort
offered by hill hold ass ist should not cause
you to take safety risks .
- Hi ll hold assist cannot hold the veh icle in
place on all hills (for example, if the ground
is slippery or icy).
- To reduce the risk of an accident, always
make sure the vehicle is situated safely
wh ile stat ionary.
Off road driving
General information
The electronic stabilization contro l (ESC) func­
tions were enhanced for driving offroad. Offroad
mode can be activated when driving in situat ions
where slippage or a differential lock function is
necessary
Q page 149. The hill descent ass ist is
a lso available, which automatically brakes the ve­
hicle and maintains a constant speed as a result
~page 150. In addition, your Audi prov ides con­
tinuous all wheel drive.
H owever , your Aud i is not a purely offroad vehi­
cle . Your vehicle was not designed to d rive unde r
extreme ope rating conditions such as driving in
an expedition style.
Only drive in terrain that is suitable for the vehi­
cle and your driving ability . Never take any un­
necessary risks!
Before driving offroad
- Check the eng ine oil level, the tire pressure, the
coolant level and the fluid level in the washer
fluid reservoir .
- Store pieces of luggage and other objects in the
luggage compartment and secure them from
s li ding out of place.
Driving
After driving offroad
-After driving offroad, remove branches and
other debris from the radiator grille, under­
body, and wheels . Look especially for foreign
objects (such as stones) that may be stuck in
the tire tread.
- Clean the vehicle body and underbody and in­
spect the vehicle for possible damage.
- Clean the windows, headlights, tail lights and
the license plate if they are dirty.
- Per form a brake test (especially after driving
through water).
_& WARNING
- Be especially cautious and aware when driv­
ing under difficu lt cond it ions and when off­
road. Veh icle damage and injuries may occur
when dr iv ing at excessively high speeds or
with incorrect driving maneuvers.
- Always adjust your speed and driving style
to the roads, terrain, traffic and weather
conditions . Drive especially slowly if there is
low visibility when offroad.
- Please note that the wheels can sp in more
and the vehicle can swerve when in offroad
mode, espec ially when the road is slippery
or has loose surface material.
- Driving stability is reduced when in offroad
mode.
@ For the sake of the environment
Avoid harming the environment and show
consideration for nature .
(D Tips
Only drive where it is permitted and always
stay on the prov ided roads and paths .
Explanation of technical terms
The following data is based on idea l conditions .
T he values may vary depending on the load,
ground composition and the environment. The
driver is therefore responsible for deciding
whether a vehicle can hand le a specific situation
¢ £ . ~
89

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:E: ' characteristics of your vehicle, which could
cause a crash resulting in serious injury or
death.
Operating instructions
Trailer towing weights
The maximum permissible unbraked trailer
weight is 1,650 lbs (750 kg) .
The maximum permissible braked trailer weight
is:
- Q7 2.0: 5,500 lbs (2,500 kg)
- Q7 3 .0: 7,700 lbs (3,500 kg)
These specifications apply when driving on roads having an incline of less than 12% .
Permissible tongue load
For best vehicle handling under these changed
conditions, adjust the trailer load so that the
tongue load is at the maximum allowable or
slightly lower . You can get an approximation of
the tongue load with a bathroom scale or you can
measure the load at a trucking company or
weighing station.
The maximum permissible load on the ball hitch may not exceed:
- Q7 2.0: 550 lbs (250 kg)
- Q7 3 .0: 770 lbs (350 kg)
It is recommended to use the maximum permis­
sible load. Please also observe the information
¢page 343, ¢page 347.
Trailer load distribution
Be sure the load in the trailer is held securely in
place to prevent it from shifting forward, back­
ward or sideways.
Never allow a passenger to ride in a trailer¢.&.
in Messages on page 100.
Ball mount
The trailer hitch may only be used with suitable ball mount and ball. Installation of the hitch ball
must be carried out in accordance with the manu­
facturer's instructions .
Trailer towing
Engine cooling system
Towing a trailer makes the engine work harder. It
is important that the cooling system's perform­
ance is up to the additional load. Make sure that
the cooling system has enough fluid.
Tire pressure
When towing a trailer, inflate the tires of your
vehicle to the tire pressure listed under "Full
load" on the label <:!;>
page 343. Inflate trailer
tires to trailer and tire manufacturers' specifica­
tions.
Lights
The headlight settings should be checked with
the trailer attached before driving off. Check to
make sure both vehicle and trailer lights are
working properly.
Safety chains
Be sure trailer safety chains are properly connect­
ed from the trailer to the hitch on the vehicle .
Leave enough slack in the chains to permit turn­
ing corners. When you install safety chains, make
sure they will not drag on the road when you are
driving.
The chains should cross under the trailer tongue
to prevent it from dropping in case of separation
from the hitch.
Setting drive select(air suspension)*
Make sure the vehicle is on a level surface before
hitching the trailer and before adjusting the
tongue weight. The driving mode must be in
Au­
to or Comfort ¢page 134, ¢ (D
If you would like to drive in the Dynamic driving
mode, then you must select this mode before
hitching the trailer and before adjusting the
tongue weight. Please note that your vehicle will
lower and the ground clearance is reduced.
If you have to drive through difficult road condi­
tions, you can raise the vehicle again after hitch­
ing the trailer or after adjusting the tongue
weight
¢ page 136.
(D Note
Vehicles with air suspension*:
99

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:E Air suspension*
The air suspension* is an electronically-control­
l ed air suspens ion and damping sys tem . The ad­
justment depends on the driving mode selected, steer ing movements, the driver's braking and ac­
celeration, and as the road surface, vehicle speed
and load. The vehicle ground clearance depends
on the mode selected and the speed .
The ground clearance increases s ignificantly
when the vehicle is in the
Allroad mode . At
speeds from approximately 50 mph (80 km/h) to
75 mph (120 km/h), the ground clearance re­
duces in stages. When the speed decreases, the
ground clearance increases again automat ically .
The ground clearance is the lowest in
Dynamic
mode.
Steering
The power steering adapts. Ind irect steer ing that
moves easily as in
Comfort mode is especially
suited to long drives on highways. The
Dynamic
mode provides sporty, direct steering.
All-wheel steering*
All-wheel steer ing increases driving comfort by
providing addit ional steering ability at the rear
axle . Steer ing in the opposite d irection at low
speeds decreases the turning rad ius. Steering in
the same d irect io n at high speeds improves the
response time while increasing driving stability at
the same time .
Sport differential*
As a component of the all wheel drive system
(quattro)
~ page 152, the sport diffe rential dis­
tributes the dr iv ing power to the rear axle de­
pending on the situation. The distribution of
power varies depending on the selected mode
from moderate
( Comfort ) to sporty (Dynamic ).
The goal is a high level of agility and ability to ac ­
celerate on curves . The vehicle is very responsive
to steering.
Adaptive cruise control (ACC)*
The behavior when accelerating can be adjusted
from comfortab le to sporty, depending on the
drive select mode. Adaptive cruise control also
Assistance systems
responds to the driving behavior of the vehicle
ahead in a more conservative or sporty manner.
Engine sound*
T he eng ine sound adapts to the current mode
and can be subtle to sporty .
(D Note
Applies to: vehicles wi th air suspensio n
-Make sure there is enough clearance above
and below the vehicle when parking. The
height of the ve hicle (gro und clearance) can
change once it is parked due to temperature
fluctuations, changes to the load conditions
and changes to the dr iving modes.
- When transporting the vehicle on a car car­
rier, train, ship or by other means, only tie
the vehicle down at the running surface of
the tires, which is the outer c ircumference.
Sec uring the vehicle at the axle compo­
nents, suspension struts o r towing eyes is
not permitted because the pressure in the
air suspens ion struts can change during
transport. The vehicle may not be secured
sufficiently if this happens.
@ Tips
The S selecto r lever position automatically en­
gages when the
Dynamic mode is selected .
Selecting the driving mode
Applies to: vehicles w ith Aud i dr ive select
~- ------ -
~
Fig. 133 Center console: co ntro ls for d rive select
.,. Press the left or right arrow key~ fig. 133 until
the desired mode appears in the instrument
cluste r/Infotainment system disp lay. Or
II>-
135

Driving sa fe ty
Driving safety
Basics
Safe driving habits
Please remember -safe ty first!
The individua l safety features of your vehicle can
work together as a system to help protect you
and your passengers in a wide range of accidents.
These features cannot work as a system if they
are not always correctly adjusted and correctly
used .
This chapter contains important informat ion,
tips, instruct ions and warn ings that you need to
read and observe for your own safety, the safety
of your passengers and others . We have summar­
ized here what you need to know about safety
be lts , a ir bags, child restra ints as well as child
safety. Yo ur sa fe ty is for us
priority number 1 . Al­
ways observe the information and wa rnings in
this section - for your own safety as well as that
of your passengers.
The informa tion in this section applies to all
model ve rsions of your vehicle . Some of the fea­
tures described in th is sections may be standard
equipment on some models, or may be optional
equ ipment on others. If you are not sure, ask
your author ized Audi dealer.
A WARNING
- Always make sure that you follow the in­
structio ns and heed the WARNINGS in th is
manual. It is in your inte rest and i n the in­
te res t of your passengers .
- Always keep all of the Owner 's L ite rature
ma nuals in yo ur Audi when you lend o r sell
yo ur vehicle so tha t t his importa nt info rm a­
t ion w ill always be avail able to the dr iver
and passenge rs.
- Alw ays keep t he Owner 's Lite ratu re hand y
so that you can find i t easi ly if yo u have
questions .
256
· Important things to do before driving
Safety is everybody 's job! Vehicle and occupant
safety always depends on the informed and care­
ful driver .
For your safety and the safety of your passen­
gers,
before d riv ing always:
.. Make sure that a ll lights and signals are operat­
ing correctly .
.. Make sure tha t the tire pressure is correct .
.. Make sure that all windows are clean and afford
good vis ibility to the outs ide .
.. Sec ure all luggage and othe r items ca refully
¢ page 261.
.. Mak e sure tha t noth ing ca n interfere with the
pedals .
.. Adjust front seat, head restraint and mirrors
correctly for your height.
.. Instruct passengers to adjust the head re­
st raints according to their he ight.
.. Make sure to use the right child restraint cor­
rectly to protect children
~ page 295 , Child
safety .
.. Sit proper ly i n yo ur seat a nd make sure t hat
your passengers do the same¢
page 59, Front
seats .
.. Fasten yo ur sa fety belt and wear i t properly . Al ­
so instruct yo ur passenge rs to fasten their safe­
ty be lts prope rly ¢
page 265 .
What impairs driving safety?
Safe driving is directly related to the condition of
the vehicle, the driver as well as the driver's abili­
ty to concentrate on the road without being dis­
tracted.
The driver is responsible for the safety of the ve­hicle and a ll of its occupants. If your ability to
drive is impa ired, safety risks for everybody in the
vehicle increase and you a lso become a hazard to
everyone else on the road ¢
,&.. Therefore:
.. Do not let yourse lf be distracted by passenge rs
or by using a cellular telephone .
.. NEVER drive when your driving ability is im­
pa ired (by med ications, alcohol, drugs, etc .) .
.. Observe all traffic laws, r ules of the road and
speed lim its and plain common sense . .,.

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:E: ' -The tire pressure must correspond to the
load. The tire pressure label lists the recom­
mended cold tire inflation pressures for the
vehicle at its maximum capacity weight and
the tires that were on your vehicle at the
time it was manufactured. For recommend­
ed tire pressures for normal load condi­
tions, please see chapter
c:> page 344 .
Tie-downs
The luggage compartment is equipped with four
tie-downs to secure luggage and other items .
Use the tie-downs to secure your cargo properly
c:> page 261, Loading the luggage compartment.
In a collision, the laws of physics mean that even
smaller items that are loose in the vehicle will
become heavy missiles that can cause serious in­
jury. Items in the vehicle possess energy which
vary with vehicle speed and the weight of the
item . Vehicle speed is the most significant factor .
For example, in a frontal collision at a speed of
30 mph (48 km/h), the forces acting on a 10 -lb
(4 .5 kg) object are about 20 times the normal
weight of the item . This means that the weight
of the item would suddenly be about
200 lbs . (90 kg). You can imagine the injuries
that a 200 lbs. (90 kg) item flying free ly through
the passenger compartment could cause in a col ­
lision like this.
A WARNING
Weak, damaged or improper straps used to
secure items to tie-downs can fail during hard
braking or in a collision and cause serious per­
sonal injury.
- Always use suitable mounting straps and
properly secure items to the tie-downs in
the luggage compartment to help prevent
items from shifting or flying forward as dan­
gerous missiles .
- When the rear seat backrest is folded down,
always use suitable mounting straps and
properly secure items to the tie-downs in
the luggage compartment to help prevent
items from flying forward as dangerous
missiles into the passenger compartment .
-
Driving safety
-Never attach a child safety seat tether strap
to a tie-down.
Reporting Safety Defects
Applicable to U.S.A.
If you believe that your vehicle
has a defect which could cause a
crash or could cause injury or
death, you should immediately in­
form the National Highway Traffic
Safety Administration (NHTSA) in
addition to notifying Audi of
America, Inc.
If NHTSA receives similar com­
plaints, it may open an investiga­
tion, and if it finds that a safety
defects exists in a group of
vehicles, it may order a recall and
remedy campaign. However,
NHTSA cannot become involved in
individual problems between you,
your dealer, or Audi of America,
Inc.
To contact the N HTSA, you may
either call:
Tel.:
1-888-327-4236 (TTY:
1-800-424-9153) or
1 -800- 424-9393
or you may write to:
263

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l'. ...
® Mud and snow capability
"M/5" or "M+S" indicates the tire
has properties making it suitable
to drive in mud or snow.~ indi­
cates a winter tire .
@ Composition of the tire cord
and materials
The number of plies indicates the
number of rubber ized fabric lay­
ers in the t ire. In general : the
more layers, the more weight a
tire can carry . Tire manufacturers
must also specify the materials
used in the ti re . These incl ude
stee l, nylon, polyester and other
materials .
@Maximum permitted load
This number indicates the maxi­
mum load in kilograms and
pounds that the tire can carry .
@ Uniform tire quality grade
standards for treadwear,
traction and temperature resistance
T readwear , traction and tempera­
ture ranges¢
page 350.
@ Running direction
The arrows indicate the running
direction of un idirectional t ires .
You must always follow the speci- fied running direction
¢
page 365.
€3) Maximum permitted
inflation pressure
Wheels
T his number ind icates the max i­
mum pressure to which a tire can
be inflated unde r normal operat­
ing conditions.
Glossary of tire and loading
terminology
Accessory weight
means the combined we igh t (in
excess of those standard items
wh ich may be replaced) of auto­
matic transmission, power steer­
ing, power brakes, power win­
dows, power seats, radio, and
heater, to the extent that these
items are availab le as factory-in ­
stalled equipment (whether in­
stalled or not).
Aspect ratio
means the ratio of the height to
the w idth of the tire in percent .
Numbers of 55 or lower indicate a
low s idewall for improved steer­
ing response and better overall
handling on dry pavement .
335

Wheels
Bead
means the part of the tire that is
made of steel wires, wrapped or
reinforced by ply cords and that is
shaped to fit the rim .
Bead separation
means a breakdown of the bond
between components in the bead.
Cord
means the strands forming the
plies in the tire.
Cold tire inflation pressure
means the tire pressure recom­
mended by the vehic le manufac­
turer for a tire of a des ignated
size that has not been driven for more than a couple of miles (kilo­
meters) at low speeds in the
three hour period before the tire pressure is measured or adj usted.
Curb weight
means the weight of a motor ve­
hicle w ith standard equipment in ­
cluding the maximum capacity of
fuel, oil, and coolant, air condi ­
tioning and additiona l weight of
op tional equipment.
E x tra load tire
means a tire des igned to operate
at higher loads and at h igher in -
336
flation pressures than t he corre­
spond ing standa rd tire. Extra load
tires may be identified as "XL",
"xl" , "EXTRA LOAD" , or "RF" on
the sidewall.
Gross A xle Weight Rating
("GAWR ")
means the load-carrying capacity
of a single axle system , measured
at the ti re-gro und interfaces.
Gross Vehicle Weight Rating
("GVWR")
means the max imum total loaded
weight of the vehicle .
Groove
means the space between two ad­
jacent tread ribs .
Load rating (code)
means the maximum load tha t a
tire is rated to carry for a given in­
flation pressure. You may not find
this informat ion on all ti res be­
cause it is not required by law .
Maximum load rating
means the load rating for a tire at
the maximum permissible infla­
tion p ressure for that ti re .
Maximum loaded vehicle
weight
means the sum of: