wheel front BMW 528i 1998 E39 Service Manual

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31 0-1 7
Front ~uspensionl
< Spread steering knuckle pinch collar with BMW special tool
31 2 200 to release strut tube.
- Pull steering knuckle down so strut tube slides up farenough
to gain better access to tension strut or tension strut nut.
4 Unscrew ball joint nut (arrow) from steering knuckle. Use
BMW special tool
31 2 240 to remove ball joint from steering
Iknucltle.
CAUTION--
Tale care not to damage the balljoint threads if the tension
strut
is to be reused.
- Remove through-bolt attaching tension strut to subframe.
- When installing tension strut, make sure all thread bores,
bolts, nuts and mating
suriaces are clean.
- Install bushing end of tension strut to subframe using wash-
ers on both sides of bolt and a new self-locking nut. Do not
tighten nut at this time.
- Install tension strut ball joint to steering knuckle using new
self-locking nut. Tighten fully.
- Slide strut back into position and tighten strut pinch bolt fully.
- Install wheel and lower car.
- Load car to normal loaded position as described under Ride
height. See
300 Suspension, Steering and Brakes-Gen-
eral. Bounce suspension a few times.
- With car on ground and loaded, tighten tension strut bushing
through-bolt.
Tightening torques Road
wheel to hub 120-i-10 Nm (89+7ft-lb)
Stabilizer bar to subframe 24 Nm (1 8 ft-lb)
Tension strut to steering
knucltle
80 Nm (59 ft-lb)
Tension strut
to subframe 110 Nm (81 ft-lb)
81 Nm (60 it-lb)
L BcniliiyFlrblrillirn con,-*I R!,illJ Rci,:n>d

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31 0-1 8
I~ront Suspension Tension strut bushing, replacing
- Raise car and remove wheel.
WARNING-
Make sure that the caris firmly supported on jack stands de-
signed for the purpose. Place jack stands underneath struc-
tural chassis points. Do
not place jack stands under
suspension parts.
- Remove tension strut from car as described earlier.
- Using a service press and appropriate press tools (BMW
special tools 31 2 26112621263 or equivalent), press bushing
out of tension strut.
4 Clean bushing bore and press in new bushing while aligning
mark on bushing with
rnarlt on tension strut (arrows).
CAUTION-
To avoid damaging the new bushing, press only on the outer
steel sleeve during installation.
- Press bushing in so it protrudes equally from both sides of
tension strut.
- Install tension strut as described earlier.
CAUTION-
Tighten the tension strut bushing through-bolt to its final
torque only with car on the ground and the suspension nor-
mally loaded as described earlier.
The front wheel bearings are permanently sealed and require
no maintenance. The bearing is integral with the wheel hub.
The wheel bearing and hub assembly is bolted to the steering
knuckle.
- Raise car and remove front wheel
WARNING-
Make sure that the car is firmly supported on jack stands de-
signed for the purpose. Place jack stands underneath struc-
tural chassis points. Do not place
jack stands under
susoension Darts.
- Unbolt brake caliper and hang to side with stiff wire. Do not
disconnect bralte hose. Remove bralte disc. See
340
Brakes.

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31 0-20
Front Suspension
Counterhold strut tube
nut. pinch
bolt (arrow) while loosening
4 Spread steering ltnuckle pinch collar with BMW special tool
31 2 200 to release strut tube.
- Pull steering knuckle down so that strut tube slides up far
enough to gain access to wheel bearing hub mounting bolts.
Carefully pry out dust cover on back side of bearing while
noting location
(arrow) of cover.

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31 0-21
Front Suspension
4 Remove four bearing hub mounting bolts (arrows) and tap
hub assembly out of steering knuckle.
4 Before installing new wheel bearing and hub assembly, be
sure hub and steering knuckle sealing surfaces are free of
dirt and grease.
- Installation is reverse of removal.
Replace hub mounting bolts.
Use new self-locking nuts at steering tie rod and stabilizer
link.
Tightening
torques
Road wheel lugs to hub 120i-10 Nm (89i-7ft-lb)
Stabilizer link to stabilizer bar
Steering tie rod to steering
ltnuckle
Tension strut to steering
knucltie
Wheel bearing hub to steering
Itnucltle (replace bolts)
65 Nm (48 ft-lb)
65
Nm (48 it-lb)
80 Nm (59 ft-lb)
1
lo Nm (81 ft-lb)

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31 0-22
I Front Suspension
Stabilizer bar, removing and installing
On E39 models the front stabilizer bar links attach to the strut
assemblies.
- Raise car and support safely.
Male sure that the car is firmly supported on jack stands de-
signed for the purpose. Place jack stands underneath struc-
tural chassis points. Do not place jaclc stands under
suspension parts.
< Remove slaol zer bar connecring I nk rnounl ng nLts (A) from
r~glit and eft s~des of slaol lzer bar C~~nIerhol~ ball ]olnl (6)
with flat wrench
NOTE-
Use a thin wrench to counterhold shaft of stabilizer bar link
ball joint while removing mounting nut.
< Remove stabilizer bar anchor bushing nuts (arrows) on right
and left sides and remove bar.
- Installation is the reverse of removal, noting the following.
Use new self-locking nuts on stabilizer bar links.
Installation of stabilizer bar is easiest with car level (front
wheels at the same height).
Tightening torques Stabilizer bar to stabilizer link
59 Nm (44 ft-lb)
Stabilizer anchor to subframe 22 Nm (16 ft-lb)

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1 320 Steering and Wheel Alignment
General ........................... .32 0.2
Special tools
........................ .32 0.2
Steering system
..................... .32 0.4
Steering system variations
............. .32 0.5
Steering system warnings and cautions
... .32 0.6
Steering Wheel .................... .32 0.7
Steering wheel. removal and installation
.. .32 0.7
Steering Column ................. .32 0.1 0
Steering column components .......... .32 0.10
Steering column trim, removing
and replacing
...................... .32 0.10
lgnition switch ring antenna (EWS).
removing and installing
............... .32 0.1 1
lgnition lock cylinder.
removing and installing
............... .32 0-1 1
Steering column lock. removing
and installing
....................... .32 0.12
lgnition
interloclc cable. removing and installing
(models with automatic transmission)
... .32 0.13
Interlock cable. adjusting
(models with automatic transmission)
... .32 0.14
Steering column. removing and installing
. .32 0.14
Steering column adjustment motors.
removing and installing
............... .32 0.16
Power Steering Pump ............. .32 0.17
Power steering pump. removing
and installing
....................... .32 0.1 7
Power steering system.
bleeding and filling
.................. .32 0.18
Rack and Pinion Steering
(6-cylinder models)
............... 320-19
Rack and pinion steering components
(6-cylinder models)
.................. 320-1 9
Steering rack. removing and installing
.... 320-19
Steering
rack boot. replacing ........... 320-22
Tie rod (outer). replacing
.............. 320-22
Tie rod (inner). replacing
.............. 320-23
Steering Gearbox (V-8 models) .... 320-24
Steering gearbox system components
. .
(V-8 models) ....................... 320-24
Steering gearbox, removing and installing 320-25
Pitman arm. removing and installing ..... 320-28
Pitman arm. adjusting ................ 320-29
Steering idler arm. removing
and installing
....................... 320-30
Idler arm bushing. replacing ........... 320-31
Center tie rod. replacing
.............. 320-32
Wheel Alignment .................. 320-33
Camber
........................... 320-33
Caster
............................ 320-33
Front toe and toe difference angle
....... 320-34
Reartoe ........................... 320-34
Preparing for alignment
............... 320-35
Alignment specifications tables
......... 320-35

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I Steerina and Wheel Alianment
Steering
system
Two types of steering gear are used in the E39 series models.
6-cylinder
(5251, 528i and 530i) models are equipped with
rack and pinion steering. The steering rack is mounted to
an aluminum subframe.
V-8
(540i) models are equipped with a recirculating ball
and nut steering gearbox mounted to a steel subframe.
At low speeds, maximum power assist is provided to ease
parking and city driving. At high speeds, assist is reduced to
ensure stability. The power steering system varies assist
based on engine speed.
Power boost for the steering is provided by an engine-driven
hydraulic pump. A hydraulic control valve is used to control
boost pressure.
The steering wheel connects to the steering gear via an ad-
justable steering column which incorporates a rubber cou-
pling ("guibo") to dampen vibration and noise.
Power steering fluid is supplied from the fluid
reservoir to the
pump and to the steering gear via rubberlmetal hoses.
The return line from the steering gear to the
reservoir loops
into the airstream in front of the radiator and connects to the
steering fluid cooler. The fluid cooler is attached to a cassette
which also includes cooling coils for engine oil, transmission
fluid and AIC condenser.
The steering gear requires no maintenance other than align-
ment and periodic inspection for worn components. Inspect
rubber rack boots
(rack and pinion system) and tie-rod end
boots periodically for tears or damage. Replace
if necessary.
-
NOTE-
The airbag system is traditionally referred to as Supplemen-
tal Restraint System (SRS). The
BMW versfon of SRS used
m the E39 models is known as the Multiple Restraint System - (MRS). - -

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320-7
Steering and Wheel ~liqnmentl
STEERING WHEEL
Steering wheel, removal and installation
WARNING -
The BMWairbag system (Supplemental Restraint System or
SRS) is complex. Special precautions must be observed
when servicing. Serious injury may result if
SRS system serv-
ice is
attempted by persons unfamiliar with the BMW SRS
and its approved service procedures. BMW specifies that all
inspection andservice should be preformed by an authorized
BMW dealer.
E39 cars may come with either one of two different styles of
steering wheel:
Multifunction (MFL) steering wheel
* Sport steering wheel
4 Multifunction (MFL) steering wheel components:
1. Cruise control 1 radio 1 telephone electrical harness
2. Horn button electrical harness
3. Airbag electrical harness
4. Radio / telephone control switch set
5. Air bag
6. Cruise control switch set
Sport steering wheel
3
5 0021413
4 Sport steering wheel components:
1. Switch carrier
2 Steering wheel switch set electrical harness
3. Airbag
4. Lower cover
5. Horn button and airbag electrical harness
- Center steering wheel. Make sure front wheels are pointed
straight ahead.
- Disconnect negative (-) cable from battery.
CA UTIOP&
Prior to disconnecting the battern read the battew discon-
nection cautions given in
001 General Cautions and
Warnings.
-

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Steering and Wheel Alignment
Power assist is provided by a belt-driven pump at the lower
left front of the engine. The power steering fluid reservoir is lo-
cated at the left side of the engine compartment.
Power steering pump, removing and
installing
When working with power steering components, absolute
cleanliness is needed to ensure proper operation of the hy-
- Empty power steering fluid reservoir using clean syringe. Do
not reuse fluid.
- Raise front of car. Remove splash shield from under engine.
WARNING-
Make sure the car is firmly supported on jack stands de-
signed for the purpose. Place jack stands beneath structural
chassis points. Do not place jack stands under suspension
Darts.
Remove drive belt from power steering pump. See
020 Main-
tenance.
Remove alternator cooling duct
Remove fluid hoses from pump. Plug openings in pump and
hose ends.
Remove pump front mounting bolts
(A).
Remove fluid line support bracket (B)
Remove pump rear mounting bolt (arrow)
- Installation is reverse of removal, noting the following:
Make sure all thread bores, bolts, nuts, fluid couplings and
mating
surfaces are clean, and inside surface of multi-
ribbed-belt is free of grease and dirt.
Use new sealing washers when reattaching power steer-
ing pressure lines.
Make sure hoses have adequate clearance from chassis.
Install front pump fasteners.

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i Steering and Wheel Alignment
RACK AND PINION STEERING
(6-CYLINDER MODELS)
Refer to the steering components illustration when perform-
ing the procedures below.
Rack and pinion steering
components
(6-cylinder models)
1. Power steering fluid reservoir
2. Fluid supply line
3. Power steering pump
4. Copper sealing ring
5. Banjo bolt MI4
6. Banjo bolt MI6
7. Power steering rack
8. Fluid return line
9. Pressurized fluid line
10. Steering fluid cooler
11. Rack boot components
12. Tie rod nut
13. Washer
14. Outer tie rod end
15. Tie rod locking ring
16. Outer tie rod end loclc nut
17. Inner tie rod
18. Hydraulic control valve
Steering rack, removing and installing
- Remove steering wheel as described earlier.
- Raise front of car, and remove front wheels.
WARNING -
Male sure the car is firmly supported on jack stands de-
signed for the purpose. Place jack stands beneath structural
chassis points. Do
not place jack stands under suspension
parts.
- Remove splash shield from under engine.
- Remove right and lefl engine mount fasteners
-" ., - , . ,