Fuel system BMW 528i 1998 E39 Workshop Manual
[x] Cancel search | Manufacturer: BMW, Model Year: 1998, Model line: 528i, Model: BMW 528i 1998 E39Pages: 1002
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YOU are now in Volume I 
I 
Foreword ................... .. ........................................................................\
.......... v 
Index 
........................ .. ................................................................ rear  of manual 
General, 001 General Warnings and Cautions 002 Vehicle Identification and VIN Decoder 
Maintenance OiO 020 Maintenance 
Engine 
100 Engine-General 110 Engine Removal  and Installation 
113 Cylinder Head Removal  and 
Installation 
116 Cyiinder  Head and  Valvetrain 117 Camshaft Timing Chain 
119 Lubrication System 
200 Transmission-General 
2 Transmission 210 clutch 230 ManualTransmission 
I20 Ignition System 
121 Battery, Starter, Alternator 
130 Fuel Injection 
160 Fuel Tank and Fuel Pump 170 Radiator  and Cooling System 
180 Exhaust System 
240 Automatic Transmission 
250 Gearshift Linkage 260 Driveshaft 
Suspension, 300 Suspension, Steering and 330 Rear  Suspension 
Brakes-General 331 Final Drive 
Steering and No Front Suspension 340 Brakes 
320 Steering and Wheel Alignment 
400 Body-General 
410 Fenders, Engine  Hood 411 Doors 
412 Trunk Lid, Tailgate 
510 Exterior Trim, Bumpers 512 Door Windows 
Equipment 513 Interior  Trim 
7 
Equipment and 720 seat Belts 
Accessories 721 Airbag System (SRS) 
OBD On-Board  Diagnostics 
. ............ .. 
515 Central Lociting and 
Anti-Theft 
520 Seats 540 Sunroof 
.................................................................... Foreword .............................. .. v 
Index ................... .. ................................................................ rear  of manual 
Electrical 
6 system 
600 Electrical System-General 620 Instruments 
610 Electrical Comoonent Locations 630 Liohts 
611 wipers and washers 612 Switches  eati in^ and  Air Conditioning 
Radio 
. ........... ........ ......................... 
Electrical Wiring Diagrams    
Page 4 of 1002

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Selected Boolcs and Repair  Information  from Bentley Publishers 
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MINI Cooper Service Manual:  2002-2004 Bc,illc!! Pirl~lisl!~~ ISBN 0-8376-1068-0 AlexZanardi - My Swectest Victory rllex Zmmrdi itjill! Ginrz11,cn Gns~x~ri,,i ISBN (1-8376-1249-7 
BMW  3 Series IE36) Scrvire Manual: 1992-1998,318ilisliC. 323is/iC, 3?5i/is/iC, 328ilisliC, M3 Be~iili.!~ Pirl?lisliers ISBN 0-8376-0326-9 
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5 Series Scrvicc  Manual: 1997-2002 525i, 528i. 530i. 540i, Sedan, Sport Wagon Bcrrlluy P~rlilishens ISBN 0-8376-0317-X 
Porsclze Tl~c Unfair Advantage hlirrk Do,~ult,re ISBN 0-8376-0073-Iilrcj; Porsche: Excellcncc Was Expected I
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BMW 7 Series Servicc Manual:1988-1994, 735i,735iL, 74%. 740iL. 750iL Beritlc!/ I'irblislrens ISBN 0-8376-0328-5 
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Bosch 1-landbook for Automotive Elcctrics and Elcchonics Rillrcr I Bwcli, GrjilrH ISBN 0-8376-1050-8 
Bosch  Handbook for  Diesel-Engine Managcmcnt Ril1iei.t Bosdl, ClrrbH ISBN 0-8376-1051-6 
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Jells, Golf, GTI Scrvicc Manual: 1999-2005 1.8L lurbo, 1.9LTDI diesel, PD dicscl, 2.0L ga5aline. 2.81 VRG B~.!iIlcy Pt,blislicrs ISBN 0-8376-125-9 
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New Bcctle 1998-2005, New Beetle Convcrtible2003-2005 Official  Factory 
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Companion 195G1994 1'nl Bncdulr ISBN 0-8376.0275-0 
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Control:  1988-1993 
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Audi A4 Repair Manual: 1996-2001.1.8L lurbo, 2.8L. including  Avant and quatlro Buirile!/ Ptrhlislters ISBN 0-8376-0371-.I 
EuroVan Official  Factory Rcp.,ir Manual: 
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Page 5 of 1002

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Foreword 
For the BMW owner with basic mechanical skills  and for independent auto service professionals. 
this manual includes  many of the specifications and  procedures that were available  to an 
authorized BMW dealer service deoartment  as this manual went  to 
Dress. The BMW owner with , no intention  of working  on his or her car will  find that owning  and referring  to this manual makes  it 
possible  to be  better informed  and to more 
Itnowledgeably discuss repairs with a professional 
automotive technician. 
If  you  are a BMW owner intending  to do maintenance  and repair  work, make sure  you have 
screwdrivers, a  set of metric wrenches  and sockets and metric Allen and 
Torx wrenches, since 
these basic  hand tools are  needed for most  of the  work described  in 
this manual. Many procedures 
also require a torque wrench  to ensure that fasteners are tightened properly and in accordance 
with  specifications. Additional  information on basic tools  and other tips are  in 
010 General. In 
some  cases, the text refers  to special tools that are recommended  or required  to accomplish 
adjustments  or repairs.  These tools are usually identified by  their 
BMW special tool number and 
illustrated. 
Disclaimer 
We  have endeavored  to ensure the  accuracy  of the  information  in this manual.  When the vast 
array  of data presented in the manual  is 
talten into account, however, no claim  to infallibility can 
be made. We therefore cannot be  responsible for the result  of any errors that may have crept into 
the  text.  Please also  read the Important  Safety Notice on the copyright page  at the beginning  of 
this book. 
Prior  to starting a repair procedure,  read the procedure, 
001 General  Warnings and Cautions 
and the warnigns  and cautions that accompany  the procedure. Reading a procedure before 
beginning 
work will help you determine  in advance the  need for specific skills, identify hazards, 
prepare  for appropriate capture  and handling  of hazardous materials, and the need for particular 
tools and replacement parts such  as gasltets. 
Bentley Publishers encourages comments  from the readers  of this  manual with regard  to errors, 
and/or suggestions  for improvement  of our product. These communications have been and will be 
carefully considered in  the preparation  of this and other manuals.  If you  identify inconsistencies in 
the manual, you may have  found an error.  Please contact  the publisher  and we will endeavor  to 
post applicable corrections on our 
website. Posted corrections (errata) should be reviewed before 
beginning 
worlc. Please see the following web address: 
BMW  offers extensive warranties, especially on components  of the fuel delivery and emission 
control systems. Therefore,  before deciding  to repair a BMW that  may be covered  wholly or in part 
by any  warranties issued  by 
BMW of North America, LLC, consult your authorized BMW dealer. 
You may  find that  the dealer can 
make the repair either free  or at minimum  cost. Regardless  of its 
age,  or whether  it is under warranty, your  BMW 
Is both an easy car  to service  and an easy  car to 
get serviced.  So 
if at any time a repair  is needed that you feel is too difficult  to do yourself, a trained 
BMW  technician  is ready  to do the job  for  you. 
Bentley Publishers    
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001 General Warnings and Cautions 
PLEASE READ THESE  WARNINGS  AND  CAUTIONS 
BEFORE  PROCEEDING 
WITH MAINTENANCE  AND REPAIR  WORK. 
WARNINGS- 
See also CAUTIONS 
- Some repairs may  be beyond  your capability. If you lack the skills, - Catch draining  fuel, oil, or brake fluid  in suitable containers.  Do 
tools  and equipment, or a suitable workplace  for any procedure 
not use 
foodor beverage  containers  that might mislead  someone 
described  in this manual,  we suggest you  leave such repairs  to 
into 
drinking from them. Store flammable fluids  away from fire 
an  authorized BMW dealer service department or other qualified 
hazards. Wipe up spills at once, but do not  store the oily  rags, 
shop.  which can ignite  and burn spontaneously. 
. Do not reuse any fasteners  that are worn  or deformed. Many fas- Always  observe good worRshop practices.  Wear qoqqles when 
teners are designed  to be used  only once  and become 
unreliable you operate machine tools  or work with battery acid:kloves or 
and  mav  fail when used a second  time. This includes, but  is not  other 
~rotective clothino should be worn whenever  the iob re- 
limited io, nuts, bolts, washers, self-locking nuts  or bolts, clrclips yires' working with harmful substances. 
and  cotter pins. Always replace these fasteners with  new parts. 
Greases,  lubricants and other automotive chemicals  contain toxic 
. Never work under a  lifted car unless it is solidly supported  on 
substances, many of which  are absorbed directly  through the 
stands 
desiqned for  the purpose.  Do not supeort a car on cinder 
skin. Read  the manufacturer's  instructions and warninos careful- 
blochs, hollow tiles orotherbrops that may drurnbie undercontin- 
uous  toad.  Never work  under a car that  is supported solely  by a 
iack. Never work  under the car 
while the enqine is runninq. - - 
If you aregoing to work  underacaron  the ground, makesure that 
the ground is  level. Block  the wheels to 
keep the car from rolling. 
Disconnect  the battery  negative 
(-) terminal  to prevent  others 
from  starting the car while  you  are under it. 
- Never  run the engine unless the  work area is  well ventilated. Car- 
bon  monoxide kills. 
Rings, bracelets  and other  jewelry  should be removed  so that 
they cannot cause electrical shorts, get caught  in running  ma- 
chinery,  or be  crushed  by heavy parts. 
- Tie  long hair behind your  head. Do not  wear  a necktie,  a scarf. 
loose clothing, or a necklace  when you work  near machine tools 
or  running engines.  if  your hair, clothing,  or jewelry  were to get 
caught  in the  machinery,  severe injury could result. 
DO  not attempt  to 
work on your car if you do not feel well. You in- 
crease  the 
danger of injuryto yourseliand others if you are tired, 
uDset or have  taken medication or  anv other substance  that mav 
keep you from  being fully alert. 
Illuminate your work area adequately but  safely. Use a portable 
iy. Use hand and eye protection.  Avoid direct skin conGct. 
Disconnect  the battery negative (-) terminal  whenever  you work 
on  the  fuel  system 
orthe electrical  system. Do not smokeorwork 
near heaters or other  fire hazards.  Keep an approved  fire extin- 
guisher  handy. 
. Friction materials (such  as brake pads or shoes  or clutch discs) 
contain asbestos fibers  or other friction materials.  Do not create 
dust by  grinding,  sanding, or by  cleaning with compressed  air. 
Avoid  breathing  dust. Breathing  any 
friclion material dust can 
lead  to serious diseases and  may result in death. 
Batteries 
giveoff explosive hydrogen  gas during charging.  Keep 
sparks,  lighted matches  and open flame  away from the top of  the 
battery.  If  hydrogen  gas escaping from  the cap  vents  is ignited,  it 
will ignite  gas trapped  in the  cells and  cause the battery  to ex- 
plode. 
Connect  and disconnect battery  cables, jumper  cables or a bat- 
tery charger only wilh  the ignition switched  off. Do not  disconnect 
the  battery  while the  engine is running. 
Do not quick-charge  the battery (for boost starting)  for longer 
than one  minute. Wait  at least one  minute before boosting  the 
battery a second  time. 
. . safety lighiforworking lnsideor under the car. Make sure the bulb - Do not  allow battery charging vollage to exceed 16.5 volts. If the 
is enclosed  bv a wire  caoe. The hot filament  of an accidentallv 
batten! beoins ~roducina oas  or boilino violentiv, reduce  the 
broken  bulb can ignite  spilled 
fuel, vapors or oil. , - - - charglng rate. ~oostlng a sutfaled battery at a igh charging rate 
can cause an 
explosion. 
- 
Continued on  next page    
Page 14 of 1002

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. 
General 
WARNING- 
Never run the engine  in tile work area unless  it is well-ven- 
tilated. The exhaust should  be vented  to the  outside.  Car- 
bon  monoxide  (CO) in exhaust kills. 
Remove all neckties, 
scarfs, loose clothing,  or jewelry 
when working near a running engine  or power  tools. 
Tuck  in shirts.  Tie long hair and secure  it under a  cap. 
Severe injury  can result from these things being 
caugiit 
in rotating parts. 
Remove rings, watches, and bracelets. Aside  from the 
dangers  of moving  parts, metallic jewelry  conducts 
electricity  and may  cause shorts, sparks, burns,  or 
damage to  the electricalsystem  when accidentally con- 
tacting  the battery  or other electrical terminals. 
Disconnect  the battery negative 
(-) cable  whenever 
working on  or near the fuel system  or anything that is 
electrically powered. Accidental electrical contact  may 
damage  the electrical system  or cause a fire. 
Fuelis highly flammable. When working around fuel,  do 
not 
smoke or  work near heaters  or other fire hazards. 
Keep  an approved fire extinguisher  handy. 
The  fuel system is designed to retain pressure  even 
when  the ignition is  off When  worlcing  with the 
fuelsys- 
tem, loosen  the fuel lines slowly to allow the  residual 
pressure  to dissipate gradually.  Take precautions  to 
avoid spraying fuel. 
. Illuminate  the worlc  area adequately and safely  Use a 
portable safety light  for  worlcing inside or under  the car. 
A fluorescent type 
light is best because it gives  off less 
heat.  If using a light with a normal incandescent bulb, 
use  rough  service  bulbs to avoid 
breakage. The hot fil- 
ament of an accidentally broken bulb can ignite spilled 
fuel or  oil. 
Keep sparks, lighted matches,  and any open flame 
away  from the top  of the  battery.  Hydrogen gas 
emitted 
by the battery is highly flammable.  Any nearby source 
of ignition  may cause the battery to explode. 
Never lay 
tools or parts  in the engine compartment  or 
on top  of the battery. They  may 
fallinto confinedspaces 
and  be difficult to retrieve, become caught  in belts  or 
other rotating  parts when the engine is started,  or 
cause  electrical  shorts and damage to the electrical 
system.    
Page 27 of 1002

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. 
General 
Torque wrench 
A torque wrench  is used  to precisely tighten threaded fasten- 
ers to  a predetermined  value. Many of the  repair procedures 
in  this  manual include  BMW-specified torque values 
in New- 
ton-meters (Nm)  and the equivalent values  in foot-pounds 
(ft- 
Ib). 
4 Several  types of torque  wrenches are  available. An inexpen- 
sive beam-type (top) is adequate but must  be read visually. A 
ratchet-type  (bottom) can be preset to indicate (click)  when 
the  torque value  has been reached. They  all do the same job, 
but  offer different convenience features  at different prices. 
The  most  convenient ones  have a built-in ratchet, and  can be 
preset  to indicate when  a specific torque value  has been 
reached. Follow  the wrench manufacturer's directions 
for use 
to  achieve the greatest  accuracy. 
A torque wrench with a range  up to about 150 Nm (1 10  ft-lb) BOIBFNG has adequate  capacity for most  of the  repairs covered  in this 
manual. For recommended  torque values of 
10 Nm orbelow, 
the English system equivalent is given  in inch-pounds (in-lb). 
These  small values may  be most easily  reached using a 
torque wrench calibrated  in inch-pounds.  To convert 
inch- 
pounds  to foot-pounds,  divide by 12. 
Digital multimeter 
4 Many of the  electrical tests  in this manual  call for the mea- 
surement  of resistance (ohms) or voltage values.  For safe 
and  accurate tests  of sensitive electronic component  and 
systems,  a multimeter or digital 
volt/ohm meter  (DVOM)  with 
high  input impedance  (at least 
10,000Sr) should  be used. 
Some meters have automotive functions  such  as dwell and 
pulse width  that are useful  for troubleshooting  ignition  and 
fuel  injection  problems. 
CAUTIOI\C 
Vehicle electronic systems may  be damaged  by the high cur- 
rent  draw  of a test light  with a normal  incandescent  bulb. As 
a  general  rule, use a high  impedance  digital multimeter  or an 
LED test light  for all electrical  testing.    
Page 29 of 1002

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General 
Cars with discharged or dead batteries can be jump-started 
using the good battery from another  car. See owner's  manual 
for proper instruction on jump  starting. When jump-starling 
the engine, always note  the following  warnings. 
4 Lower car. With all wheels on  ground, fully tighten nuts in a 
WARNING- 
* Battery  acid (electrolyte)  can cause severe burns, and will 
damage  the 
cal; clothing, and you.  If electrolyte  is spilled, 
wash  the surface  with large  quantities  of water. 
M itgets into 
eyes,  flush them  with  water  for several minutes and call a 
doctor. 
B4 
5 
43 
2 BOOIFNG. 
Batteries  produce explosive  and noxious  gasses. 
Keeps sparks  and flames  away. Do not  smoke near 
batteries. 
Do  notjump-start  the engine 
ifyou suspect that the bat- 
tery  is frozen.  Trappedgas  may explode.  Allow the  bat- 
tery  to thaw  first. 
Do  not  quick-charge the  battery (for boost  starting)  for 
longer  than one minute,  and do not  exceed 
16.5 volts 
at  the  battery  with the boosting  cables attached.  Wait at 
least  one minute before boosting  the battery  a second 
time. 
crisscross pattern. 
Torque wheel nuts when  installing  wheel. 
Check  inflation pressure  of spare  tire. 
Tightening torque 
Wheel to wheel hub 120 Nm (89 ft-ib) 
Jump starting 
Indicator  and warning  lights 
Many vehicle systems are self-monitored  for faults while driv- 
ing. Generally, 
a red  warning lamp that comes  on during  driv- 
ing should  be considered serious.  If you  cannot immediately 
determine the seriousness  of the warning light, stop the  vehi- 
cle in  a safe place and turn the  engine off as soon as possible. 
Consult  the owner's manual  for additional information  on the 
warning lamp and  the recommended action. 
If the Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) 
(Check Engine  or Ser- 
vice Engine Soon warning light)  comes on orflashes,  it indi- 
cates  that an emissions-related  fault has occurred. Faults 
such  as a bad oxygen  sensor or a dead fuel injector  can 
cause the exhaust  or evaporative emissions to exceed  a 
specified  limit. When these  limits are exceeded, the MIL  will 
be turned  on. The engine can be  safety driven  with the light 
on, although  the emission systems  should be 
checked as 
soon  as possible. See  OBD On-Board  Diagnostics for    
Page 33 of 1002

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020 Maintenance 
General ........................... .02 0.2 
Special tools ........................ .02 0.2 
Service Interval Indicator (Sll) ........... .02 0.3 
Service Interval  Indicator (Sll), resetting ... .02 0.3 
Inspection  I, Inspection 11 ............... .02  0.5 
Maintenance Tables ................ .02  0.6 
Fluid  and Lubricant  Specifications .. .02 0.9 
Fluids and lubricants ................. .02  0.10 
Engine Oil  Service ................ .02 0.1 I 
Engine oil. checking level ............. .02 0.12 
Engine oil and  filter. changing .......... .02 0-13 
Engine  Compartment Maintenance . .02 0.14 
Accelerator and  linkage ............... .02 0.14 
Air filter.  replacing ................... .02 0.1 4 
Cooling system service ............... .02  0.15 
Engine drive belt service .............. .02 0.16 
Idlespeed .......................... 020-19 
Catalytic converter and  oxygen sensors .. .02 0.19 
Power steering  fluid, checking level ..... .02 0.20 
Spark plugs ........................ .02  0.20 
Spark plugs, replacing ................ .02 0.21 
Interior ventilation microfilter, replacing ... .02 0.22 
Other Mechanical  Maintenance ..... .02 0.22 
Battery, checking. cleaning. and  replacing .02 0-22 
Brake  fluid. replacing ................. .02 0-24 
Brake  pad 1 rotor wear.  checking ........ .02 0.24 
Brake  system,  inspecting ............. .02 0.25 
Parking  brake. checking ............... 020-25 
Clutch  fluid.  checking ................. 020-26 
Differential  oil level. checking ........... 020-26 
Drive axle joint  (CV joint)  boots. inspecting 020-27 
Exhaust system. inspecting ............ 020-27 
Fuel filter.  replacing .................. 020-27 
Fuel tank and fuel lines. inspecting ...... 020-28 
Suspension. front. inspecting ........... 020-29 
Suspension.  rear. inspecting ........... 020-29 
Tires. checking inflation pressure ........ 020-29 
Tires.  rotating ....................... 020-29 
Transmission service. automatic ........ 020-29 
Transmission  service. manual .......... 020-30 
Transmission fluid.  checking and filling 
(manual transmission) 
................ 020-30 
Wheels.  aligning ..................... 020-30 
Body and Interior Maintenance ..... 020-31 
Body  and hinges. lubricating ........... 020-31 
Exterior washing ..................... 020-31 
Interior care ........................ 020-31 
Leather upholstery  and trim ............ 020-31 
Polishing ........................... 020-32 
Seat  belts .......................... 020-32 
Special  cleaning ..................... 020-32 
Washing chassis ..................... 020-32 
Waxing ............................ 020-32 
Windshield  wiper blade  maintenance ..... 020-33    
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Maintenance 
Service Interval lndicator (Sll) 
The BMW  Service  Interval lndicator (SII) notifies the driver 
when oil  change and other  service is required.  The 
Sll dis- 
plays  the phrase  "OIL SERVICE" 
or"INSPECTI0N" and 7 
light emitting diodes (LEDs)  in the Instrumentcluster: 5green, 
one yellow and one red. 
For  the 
1997 and  later 5 Series, BMW  introduced an  oil 
change interval based on fuel  consumption. The advantages 
of  this  system  are: 
Fuel consumption  is an  accurate  method of determining 
engine  load and the need  for service. 
The  processing  electronics  are simple. 
Resetting  of indicator before  the scheduled time  will not 
affect  the time  to the  next service. 
4 The Sll is programmed  to measure a  set volume  of con- 
sumed  fuel. This volume varies between models, dependent 
on  vehicle and  engine size.  The 
Sil control  unit receives a 
signal from  the engine control module (ECM) when the vehi- 
cle is  in use.  As 
20% of the  programmed fuel volume is con- 
sumed,  one  of the  green LEDs will  go out.  Each  successive 
20% of fuel consumption will  cause the next  LED to go  out 
until 
100% of  the measured  volume has been  consumed.  At 
this point  the yellow LED  will come on, indicating that service 
is due. When 
108% of  the  measured volume  has been con- 
sumed, the red LED  will illuminate, indicating  that service is 
overdue. 
Service Interval Indicator (SII), resetting 
After  the specified  maintenance has  been carried out, the Sll 
memory  should be reset. 
NOTE- 
For  reference,  the BMW oil service requirements are  approx- 
imately  equivalent to  the maintenance  tliat other  European 
manufacturers  specify at intervals  with a maximum  of every 
15.000 miles  or I2 months.    
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Maintenance 
0 Service due is shown with RESET if the measured con- 
sumption limit has been reached  and resetting  is possible. 
If  RESET is not shown,  the minimum limit has not been 
reached and resetting is  not possible. 
While display  is flashing, press button briefly  to reset 
Sll. 
After  display has shown  new interval, the following  will 
appear  in display  for approximately 
2 seconds: END SIA. 
NOTE- 
The  system  can only  be reset again  after the vehicle  has 
been  driven approximately  50 to 
75 miles  (consumes  at 
least2.5gallons of fuel).  If the  display shows RESETwhen 
resetting,  the  minimum driving distance  has been  fulfilled 
and  the system  can be reset  again. 
0 It is  possible  to interrupt  and end the reset  procedure  by 
changing  the position  of the  ignition 
ley. 
lnspection I, lnspection II 
The Service Interval Indicator (SII) signals  the need for  main- 
tenance and inspection. There are two sets 
of inspection  re- 
quirements, alternating  throughout a car's maintenance 
history.  If the last inspection interval  was lnspection  I, the next 
inspection interval (following  an oil service) will  be lnspection 
11, the next after that will  be lnspection I,  and so on. 
lnspection 
I tasks are listed  in Table b. lnspection I Service. 
lnspection 
II includes most of the tasks  from lnspection I with 
additional lnspection 
II tasks.  A complete listing  of lnspection 
II tasks  is in  Table  c. lnspection I1 Service. 
NOTE- 
For  reference, the BMW lnspection I and  lnspection I1 re- 
quirements  are approximately equivalent  to the maintenance 
requirements that other European manufacturers  specify. 
ln- 
spection I is normally  due at intervals  with a maximum  of 
30,000  miles or 
24 months. lnspection I1 is normally  due at 
intervals  with a maximum  of 60,000  miles or 
48 months.