spare wheel CADILLAC ESCALADE 2022 Owners Manual

Cadillac Escalade Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
15567102) - 2022 - CRC - 11/17/21
DRIVING AND OPERATING 235
Remember: Antilock brakes help avoid
only the braking skid.
Off-Road Driving
Four-wheel-drive vehicles can be used
for off-road driving. Vehicles without
four-wheel drive and vehicles not
equipped with All Terrain (AT) or
On-Off Road (OOR) tires must not be
driven off-road except on a level, solid
surface. For contact information about
the original equipment tires, see the
warranty manual.
One of the best ways for successful
off-road driving is to control the
speed.
{Warning
When driving off-road, bouncing
and quick changes in direction can
easily throw you out of position.
This could cause you to lose control
and crash. You and your passengers
should always wear seat belts.
Before Driving Off-Road
.Have all necessary maintenance and
service work completed.
.Fuel the vehicle, fill fluid levels, and
check inflation pressure in all tires,
including the spare, if equipped.
.Read all the information about
four-wheel-drive vehicles in this
manual.
.Know the local laws that apply to
off-road driving.
Loading the Vehicle for Off-Road
Driving
{Warning
.Unsecured cargo on the load
floor can be tossed about when
driving over rough terrain. You or
your passengers can be struck by
flying objects. Secure the cargo
properly.
.Keep cargo in the cargo area as
far forward and as low as
possible. The heaviest things
should be on the floor, forward
of the rear axle.
.Heavy loads on the roof raise the
vehicle's center of gravity,
making it more likely to roll over.
You can be seriously or fatally(Continued)
Warning (Continued)
injured if the vehicle rolls over.
Put heavy loads inside the cargo
area, not on the roof.
For more information about loading
the vehicle, see Vehicle Load Limits
0 241 and
Tires 0402.
Environmental Concerns
.Always use established trails, roads,
and areas that have been set aside
for public off-road recreational
driving and obey all posted
regulations.
.Do not damage shrubs, flowers,
trees, or grasses or disturb wildlife.
.Do not park over things that burn.
See Parking over Things That Burn
0 251.
Driving on Hills
Driving safely on hills requires good
judgment and an understanding of
what the vehicle can and cannot do.

Cadillac Escalade Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
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368 VEHICLE CARE
Vehicle Care
General Information
General Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369
California Perchlorate MaterialsRequirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369
Accessories and Modifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369
Vehicle Checks
Doing Your OwnService Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 370
Hood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 371
Engine Compartment Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 372
Engine Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 373
Engine Oil Life System . . . . . . . . . . . 375
Automatic Transmission Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 376
Engine Air Filter Life System . . . . 377
Engine Air Cleaner/Filter . . . . . . . . . 377
Cooling System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 378
Engine Overheating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381
Engine Fan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 382
Washer Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383
Brakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383
Brake Pad Life System . . . . . . . . . . . 384
Brake Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385
Battery - North America . . . . . . . . . 386 Four-Wheel Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 386
Front Axle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387
Rear Axle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387
Park Brake and P (Park)
Mechanism Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387
Wiper Blade Replacement . . . . . . . 388
Glass Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389
Windshield Replacement . . . . . . . . 389
Gas Strut(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389Headlamp Aiming
Front Headlamp Aiming . . . . . . . . . 390
Bulb Replacement
Bulb Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 390
LED Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 390
Electrical System
Electrical System Overload . . . . . . 390
Fuses and Circuit Breakers . . . . . . 392
Engine Compartment Fuse Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 393
Instrument Panel Fuse Block . . . . 397
Rear Compartment Fuse Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400
Wheels and Tires
Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 402
All-Season Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403
Winter Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403 Low-Profile Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403
Tire Sidewall Labeling . . . . . . . . . . . 404
Tire Designations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405
Tire Terminology and
Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 406
Tire Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 409
Tire Pressure for High-Speed Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 410
Tire Pressure Monitor System . . . 411
Tire Pressure Monitor Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 412
Tire Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 416
Tire Rotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 417
When It Is Time for New Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 418
Buying New Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 419
Different Size Tires and Wheels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 420
Uniform Tire Quality Grading . . . 420
Wheel Alignment and Tire Balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 422
Wheel Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 422
Tire Chains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 422
If a Tire Goes Flat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 423
Tire Changing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 424
Full-Size Spare Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435

Cadillac Escalade Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
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VEHICLE CARE 399
FusesUsage
F14 Right Door Panel
F17 Steering Wheel Control
F18 –
F19 –
F20 –
F21 –
F22 Heated Wheel
F23 –
F24 –
F25 Special Equipment Option (SEO)/
UPFITTER
F26 USB/Special Equipment Option(SEO) Retained
Accessory Power (RAP)
F27 Auxiliary Power Outlet (APO)/Retained
Accessory Power
F28 – Fuses
Usage
F30 SDM/AOS/DMS/NVM –
Sensing and Diagnostic
Module/Automatic
Occupant Sensing/
Driver Monitor System/
Night Vision Module
F31 BCM 3 –Body Control
Module 3
F32 Center Stack Module (CSM)/USB
F33 BCM 4 –Body Control
Module 4
F34 Out of Park
F40 –
F41 –
F42 Electric Park Brake Switch
F43 RSE/MFC –Rear Seat
Infotainment/Multi--
Functional Control
F44 –
F45 Radio Module
F46 – Fuses
Usage
F47 –
F48 TCM –Telematics
Control Module
F49 BCM 1 –Body Control
Module 1
F50 –
F51 –
F52 –
F53 –
F54 Sunroof
F55 APO 3 –Auxiliary
Power Outlet 3
F56 DC/DC CNV BATT 1 –
Direct Current/Direct
Current Converter
Battery 1
F57 DC/DC CNV BATT 2 –
Direct Current/Direct
Current Converter
Battery 2
F58 Spare
F59 –

Cadillac Escalade Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
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404 VEHICLE CARE
Caution
Low-profile tires are more
susceptible to damage from road
hazards or curb impact than
standard profile tires. Tire and/or
wheel assembly damage can occur
when coming into contact with
road hazards like potholes, or sharp
edged objects, or when sliding into
a curb. The warranty does not cover
this type of damage. Keep tires set
to the correct inflation pressure and
when possible, avoid contact with
curbs, potholes, and other road
hazards.
Tire Sidewall Labeling
Useful information about a tire is
molded into the sidewall. The
example shows a typical passenger
vehicle tire sidewall.
Passenger (P-Metric)/Spare Tire
(1) Tire Size:The tire size is a
combination of letters and
numbers used to define a
particular tire's width, height,
aspect ratio, construction type,
and service description. See the
"Tire Size" illustration in this
section. (2) TPC Spec (Tire Performance
Criteria Specification)
:Original
equipment tires designed to GM's
specific tire performance criteria
have a TPC specification code
molded onto the sidewall. GM's
TPC specifications meet or exceed
all federal safety guidelines.
(3) DOT (Department of
Transportation)
:The
Department of Transportation
(DOT) code indicates that the tire
is in compliance with the U.S.
Department of Transportation
Motor Vehicle Safety Standards.
DOT Tire Date of Manufacture
:
The last four digits of the Tire
Identification Number indicate the
tire manufactured date. The first
two digits represent the week and
the last two digits, the year. For
example, the third week of the
year 2020 would have a 4-digit
DOT date
of 0320. Week 01 is the
first full week (Sunday through
Saturday) of each year.

Cadillac Escalade Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
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412 VEHICLE CARE
pressure as intended. TPMS
malfunctions may occur for a variety
of reasons, including the installation
of replacement or alternate tires or
wheels on the vehicle that prevent the
TPMS from functioning properly.
Always check the TPMS malfunction
telltale after replacing one or more
tires or wheels on your vehicle to
ensure that the replacement or
alternate tires and wheels allow the
TPMS to continue to function
properly.
SeeTire Pressure Monitor Operation
0 412.
See Radio Frequency Statement 0481.
Tire Pressure Monitor
Operation
This vehicle may have a Tire Pressure
Monitor System (TPMS). The TPMS is
designed to warn the driver when a
low tire pressure condition exists.
TPMS sensors are mounted onto each
tire and wheel assembly, excluding the
spare tire and wheel assembly. The
TPMS sensors monitor the air pressure in the tires and transmit the
tire pressure readings to a receiver
located in the vehicle.
When a low tire pressure condition is
detected, the TPMS illuminates the
low tire pressure warning light located
on the instrument cluster. If the
warning light comes on, stop as soon
as possible and inflate the tires to the
recommended pressure shown on the
Tire and Loading Information label.
See
Vehicle Load Limits 0241.
A message to check the pressure in a
specific tire displays in the Driver
Information Center (DIC). The low tire
pressure warning light and the DIC
warning message come on at each
ignition cycle until the tires are
inflated to the correct inflation
pressure. If the vehicle has DIC
buttons, tire pressure levels can be
viewed. For additional information and details about the DIC operation
and displays, see
Driver Information
Center (DIC) 0133.
The low tire pressure warning light
may come on in cool weather when
the vehicle is first started, and then
turn off as the vehicle is driven. This
could be an early indicator that the air
pressure is getting low and needs to
be inflated to the proper pressure.
A Tire and Loading Information label
shows the size of the original
equipment tires and the correct
inflation pressure for the tires when
they are cold. See Vehicle Load Limits
0 241, for an example of the Tire and
Loading Information label and its
location. Also see Tire Pressure0409.
The TPMS can warn about a low tire
pressure condition but it does not
replace normal tire maintenance. See
Tire Inspection 0416, Tire Rotation
0 417 and
Tires 0402.

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VEHICLE CARE 413
Caution
Tire sealant materials are not all
the same. A non-approved tire
sealant could damage the TPMS
sensors. TPMS sensor damage
caused by using an incorrect tire
sealant is not covered by the
vehicle warranty. Always use only
the GM approved tire sealant
available through your dealer or
included in the vehicle.
TPMS Malfunction Light and
Message
The TPMS will not function properly if
one or more of the TPMS sensors are
missing or inoperable. When the
system detects a malfunction, the low
tire pressure warning light flashes for
about one minute and then stays on
for the remainder of the ignition cycle.
A DIC warning message also displays.
The malfunction light and DIC
warning message come on at each
ignition cycle until the problem is
corrected. Some of the conditions that
can cause these to come on are:
.One of the road tires has been
replaced with the spare tire. The
spare tire does not have a TPMS
sensor. The malfunction light and
the DIC message should go off after
the road tire is replaced and the
sensor matching process is
performed successfully. See "TPMS
Sensor Matching Process" later in
this section.
.The TPMS sensor matching process
was not done or not completed
successfully after rotating the tires.
The malfunction light and the DIC
message should go off after
successfully completing the sensor
matching process. See "TPMS
Sensor Matching Process" later in
this section.
.One or more TPMS sensors are
missing or damaged. The
malfunction light and the DIC
message should go off when the
TPMS sensors are installed and the
sensor matching process is
performed successfully. See your
dealer for service.
.Replacement tires or wheels do not
match the original equipment tires
or wheels. Tires and wheels otherthan those recommended could
prevent the TPMS from functioning
properly. See
Buying New Tires
0 419.
.Operating electronic devices or
being near facilities using radio
wave frequencies similar to the
TPMS could cause the TPMS
sensors to malfunction.
If the TPMS is not functioning
properly, it cannot detect or signal a
low tire pressure condition. See your
dealer for service if the TPMS
malfunction light and DIC message
come on and stay on.
Tire Fill Alert (If Equipped)
This feature provides visual and
audible alerts outside the vehicle to
help when inflating an underinflated
tire to the recommended cold tire
pressure.
When the low tire pressure warning
light comes on: 1. Park the vehicle in a safe, level place.
2. Set the parking brake firmly.
3. Place the vehicle in P (Park).

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VEHICLE CARE 417
Tire Rotation
Tires should be rotated every
12 000 km (7,500 mi). See
Maintenance Schedule0455.
Tires are rotated to achieve a
more uniform wear for all tires.
The first rotation is the most
important.
Anytime unusual wear is noticed,
rotate the tires as soon as
possible, check for proper tire
inflation pressure, and check for
damaged tires or wheels. If the
unusual wear continues after the
rotation, check the wheel
alignment. See When It Is Time for
New Tires 0418 and
Wheel Replacement 0422.
Use this rotation pattern when
rotating the tires.
Do not include the spare tire in
the tire rotation.
Adjust the front and rear tires to
the recommended inflation
pressure on the Tire and Loading
Information label after the tires
have been rotated. See Tire
Pressure 0409 and
Vehicle Load Limits 0241. Reset the Tire Pressure Monitor
System. See
Tire Pressure Monitor
Operation 0412.
Check that all wheel nuts are
properly tightened. See “Wheel
Nut Torque ”under Capacities and
Specifications 0468.
{Warning
Rust or dirt on a wheel, or on
the parts to which it is fastened,
can cause wheel nuts to become
loose over time. The wheel
could come off and cause a
crash. When changing a wheel,
remove any rust or dirt from
places where the wheel attaches
to the vehicle. In an emergency,
a cloth or paper towel can be
used; however, use a scraper or
wire brush later to remove all
rust or dirt.

Cadillac Escalade Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
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418 VEHICLE CARE
Lightly coat the inner diameter of
the wheel hub opening with wheel
bearing grease after a wheel
change or tire rotation to prevent
corrosion or rust buildup.
{Warning
Do not apply grease to the
wheel mounting surface, wheel
conical seats, or the wheel nuts
or bolts. Grease applied to these
areas could cause a wheel to
become loose or come off,
resulting in a crash.
When It Is Time for New
Tires
Factors, such as maintenance,
temperatures, driving speeds, vehicle
loading, and road conditions affect the
wear rate of the tires.
Treadwear indicators are one way to
tell when it is time for new tires.
Treadwear indicators appear when the
tires have only 1.6 mm (1/16 in) or
less of tread remaining. See Tire
Inspection 0416 and
Tire Rotation 0417 for additional
information.
The rubber in tires ages over time.
This also applies to the spare tire,
if the vehicle has one, even if it is
never used. Multiple factors including
temperatures, loading conditions, and
inflation pressure maintenance affect
how fast aging takes place. GM
recommends that tires, including the
spare if equipped, be replaced after six years, regardless of tread wear. To
identify the age of a tire, use the tire
manufacture date, which is the last
four digits of the DOT Tire
Identification Number (TIN) molded
into one side of the tire sidewall. The
last four digits of the TIN indicate the
tire manufactured date. The first two
digits represent the week and the last
two digits, the year. For example, the
third week of the year 2020 would
have a 4-digit DOT date of 0320. Week
01 is the first full week (Sunday
through Saturday) of each year.
Vehicle Storage
Tires age when stored normally
mounted on a parked vehicle. Park a
vehicle that will be stored for at least
a month in a cool, dry, clean area
away from direct sunlight to slow
aging. This area should be free of
grease, gasoline, or other substances
that can deteriorate rubber.
Parking for an extended period can
cause flat spots on the tires that may
result in vibrations while driving.
When storing a vehicle for at least a

Cadillac Escalade Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
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420 VEHICLE CARE
Warning (Continued)
and cause a crash. Use only
radial-ply tires with the wheels
on the vehicle.
Winter tires with the same speed
rating as the original equipment
tires may not be available for H, V,
W, Y and ZR speed rated tires.
Never exceed the winter tires’
maximum speed capability when
using winter tires with a lower
speed rating.
If the vehicle tires must be
replaced with a tire that does not
have a TPC Spec number, make
sure they are the same size, load
range, speed rating, and
construction (radial) as the
original tires.
The Tire and Loading Information
label indicates the original
equipment tires on the vehicle.
See Vehicle Load Limits 0241.Different Size Tires and
Wheels
If wheels or tires are installed that are
a different size than the original
equipment wheels and tires, vehicle
performance, including its braking,
ride and handling characteristics,
stability, and resistance to rollover
may be affected. If the vehicle has
electronic systems such as antilock
brakes, rollover airbags, traction
control, electronic stability control,
or All-Wheel Drive, the performance
of these systems can also be affected.
{Warning
If different sized wheels are used,
there may not be an acceptable
level of performance and safety if
tires not recommended for those
wheels are selected. This increases
the chance of a crash and serious
injury. Only use GM specific wheel
and tire systems developed for the
vehicle, and have them properly
installed by a GM certified
technician. See
Buying New Tires 0419 and
Accessories and Modifications 0369.
Uniform Tire Quality
Grading
The following information relates
to the system developed by the
United States National Highway
Traffic Safety Administration
(NHTSA), which grades tires by
treadwear, traction, and
temperature performance. This
applies only to vehicles sold in the
United States. The grades are
molded on the sidewalls of most
passenger car tires. The Uniform
Tire Quality Grading (UTQG)
system does not apply to deep
tread, winter tires, compact spare
tires, tires with nominal rim
diameters of 10 to 12 inches
(25 to 30 cm), or to some
limited-production tires.
While the tires available on
General Motors passenger cars
and light trucks may vary with
respect to these grades, they must

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{Warning
Changing a tire can be dangerous.
The vehicle can slip off the jack and
roll over or fall causing injury or
death. Find a level place to change
the tire. To help prevent the vehicle
from moving:1. Set the parking brake firmly.
2. Shift the vehicle to P (Park).
3. For vehicles with four-wheel drive with an N (Neutral)
transfer case position, be sure
the transfer case is in a drive
gear —not in N (Neutral).
4. Turn off the engine and do not restart while the vehicle is
raised.
5. Do not allow passengers to remain in the vehicle.
6. Place wheel blocks, if equipped, on both sides of the tire at the
opposite corner of the tire
being changed. When the vehicle has a flat tire (2),
use the following example as a guide
to assist in the placement of the
wheel blocks (1), if equipped.
1. Wheel Block (If Equipped)
2. Flat Tire
The following information explains
how to use the jack and change a tire.
Tire Changing
Before changing a flat tire, see
“Hands-Free Operation
”under Liftgate
0 19.
Removing the Spare Tire and
Tools
The equipment needed to change a
flat tire is stored in the rear of the
vehicle. The jacking tools are under
the load floor, secured with velcro
straps. The jack is behind a door in
the trim panel on the driver side.
1. Pull to open the trim panel door.
The third row driver side seat
may need to be folded to access
the trim panel door.