steering DACIA SUPERNOVA 2004 User Guide

DRIVE SHAFTS
29
FRONT TRANSVERSAL TRANSMISSION
REMOUNTING – THE SIDE TO THE GEARBOX
The left side
Engage the t ransmission GI joint in the ge arbox (the transmission position as horizontally
as possible).
Mount the thre e attachment screws of the bellows lid on the gearbox.
The right side
Grease the t ulip fra me grooves (the grooves area) and t he tra nsmission shaft of t he
gearbox with transmission oil.
Engage the transmission GI joint (the tulip) on the transmission shaft of the gearbox
(the tra nsmission position must be as horizontally as possible).
REMOUNTING – THE SIDE TO THE WHEEL
For both sides
Engage the transmission in the steering knuckle, this one being necessary to freely enter,
so that threaded area of the steering knuckle is allowing to remounting the transmission nut.
Pe rform then the dismounting opera tions in the reverse orde r.
Ob serve the tightening moments.
Remount the brake disk assembly.
Refill the gearbox with oil.
Pr ess several times the brake pedal to enable caliper piston coming in contact with the
brake pads.
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DRIVE SHAFTS
29
BELLOWS TO WHEEL
JOINT TOWARDS WHEEL
1. Steeri ng knuckle casing ass.
2. Retainer star
3. Tripod to the wheel
4. Tulip shaft
5. Maintaining collars
6. Rubber protection bellow S
PECIAL TOOLS
GE 86 joint bellows replacement device PF 537-03
DISMOUNTING
Dismount the two maintaining collars
off t he be l lows by means of t wo rods,
locally manufactured (see the dra wing) Cut and remove the damaged bellows.
Remove as much grease as possible.
Mark one of the groove routes of the shaft
subject to its working corresponding clog by
marking w ith a centre punch on casing outer
conse quently on the shaft.
Detach th e connection be twe en the
transmission shaft and the steering knuckle
casing, lift ing one by one the arms of the
reta ining star from the three stamps performed
on the pe tals of the shaft tulip.
WHEN DISMOUNTING, DO NOT DEFO RM
THE ARMS OF THE RETAINING ST AR
Retrieve the head and the spring from the
tripod to wheel.
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Left
transmi ssion
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DRIVE SHAFTS
29BELLOWS TO WHEEL
Catch the steering knuc kle c asing in a vice
with soft jaws. Put the spri ng a nd he a d i n t he t ri pod
groove.
Brings the clogs to the center.
Position the retaining star (s), and each of
its arm s, being at the bi secting lines of t he
angles formed by the tri pod arms.
Int roduc e the tra nsm ission sha ft i n the
s teering knuckle casing, positioning it, subject
to the m arks (the t hree c logs penetrating in
the thre e rolling routes of the shaft). Slide slowl y t he t ransm i ssi on sha ft, i n
order to engage one arm of the re taining star
in the marked poi nt of the transmission shaft,
and press it for correct centeri ng.
Placing the other re taining star t wo arms,
it will be made easy by a screwdriver, with its
end modifi ed as per dra wing:
A = 5 mm B = 3 mm
Ensure that retaining star arms are correctly
positioned in the shaft marks. Check by hand, the joint operation.
Must not exist any hard point.
Di stribute in the bellows and in the steering
knuckle casing the gre ase pre scribed dosage.
NOTE It is obligatory to observe the quantity and
type of t he prescribed grease, 2 l +1 c l, ELF
CARDREXA RNT 2.
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Left
transmi ssion
S
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DRIVE SHAFTS
29BELLOWS TO WHEEL
JOINT TOWARDS THE WHEEL – GE
1. Steering knuckle casing assembled
2. Retaining star.
3. Tripod to wheel
4. Tulip shaft
5. Ma in taining collars
6. Protection rubber bellows
DISMOUNTING
Dismount the two m aintaining collars using two rod s locally produced (see the method
previously descri bed for dismounting the joint GE, left transmission). Cut and remove the damaged bellows.
Take out maximum of grease.
In order to re place t he joint GE prot ection be llows, i t i s necessary to dismount/remount
the GI joint parts (see the method pre viously descri bed).
REMOUNTING
Grease the rod of t ransmission shaft with grease.
Introduce the protection bellows of the GE joint.
Di stribute the prescri bed dosage of grease for GE joint.
Position the bellows beads in the grooves of the steering knuckle casi ng, consequently
on the t ransmission shaft t ube and mount t he collars (see t he method descri bed at mounting
GE joint bellows, left transm ission).
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30
GENERAL
30 - 11
BRAKING SYSTEM DIAGNOSTIC
II.
CONSTANT EFFECT AT BEHAVIOUR
EFFECTS
Brakes not accomplishing the
required braking distance
Vibrating brakes
When braking, the vehicle ( front
p art) is left/right deviating
Braking
Heating brakes POSSIBLE CAUSES
- No n- un if o rm wo rn brake lin ings
(backing off);
- Brake linings slightly greased;
- Springs with modified characteristics.
- Brake disks with high wobbling;
- Inconstancy brake disks width;
- Particles abnormal deposit on brake disks
(oxidation between linings and disk).
- Front axl e suspension, steering (to be
checked);
- Stuck piston;
- Tires – wear, inflati on pressure;
- Rigid duct narrowed (flattening).
- Stuck piston;
Automatic adjustment : hand brake cable very
tighten.
REMARK :
Automatic recovering is performed by
means of the brake pedal, if there is no ab-
no rm al t ensi on in the hand brake cable
when released (hand brake released).
- Return spring.
- Insufficient hydraulic stroke of the brake
pump, not allowing the return at rest of
the brak e pump pistons ( brake pump
remaining under pressure);
- Stuck pistons or hardly returning;
- Rigid duct narrowed (flattening);
- Def ective adjustment of the hand brake
control.
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GENERAL
30 - 16
THE INFLUENCE OF THE FRONT AXLE ANGLES ON THE ROAD
BEHAVIOR (VEHICLE COMPORTMENT) AND ON TYRES WEAR
CAMBER ANGLE 0
0 +/- 30’
It is formed by the wheel plane with the vertical that crosses the wheel axis.
A difference higher that 1° between the two angles leads to :
- the deviation from the trajectory that must be adjusted by means of the steering wheel.
- abnormal wear of the tires and bearings.
The angle is not adjustable.
THE BALL JOINT ANGLE 12
045’ +/- 30’
It is formed in transversal plane between the axe connecting the attachment point of the
shock absorber with the ball joint center and the vert ical passing through the wheel axis.
The ba ll joint angle i s genera ting a ne gative offset, allowing the maintaining of the vehicle
route when the braking is unequal distributed. The angle is not adjustable.
THE CASTER ANGLE 2
030’
It is formed in longitudinal plane, between the axis connecting the attachment point of the shock
absorber with the suspension ball joint center and the vertical axis passing through the wheel axis. A difference higher than 1° between the two angles leads to : - the deviation from the trajectory that must be adjusted by means of the steering wheel.
- a normal wear of the tires.
The angle is not adjustable.
STEERING BOX POSITIONING
The steering box must be at a certain height from the attachment points of the steering auxiliary
connecting rod ball joints. The position of the steering box (choking) is influencing the variation
of the parallelism. The steering box is mounted in the position for which the variation is minimal.
The modification of t he para llelism between left side and right side leads to: - the deviation of the vehicle, in one sense, upon accelera ting;
- the deviation of the vehicle in the opposite side upon braking.
- the deviation of the tra jectory on the hilly ground;
- the premature wear of the tires.
The horizontally of the steering box is ensured by the producer.
PARALLELISM
( TOE-IN OR ANGULAR SPREAD ANGLE )
It is measured in horizontal plane as a differen ce between the front and rear part of the same axle wheels.
The wheels are divergent. The value of the opening is between 0 – 2 mm (1 +/- 1 m m).
ATTENTION:
A too much opening causes the wear of the tires on the inner pa rt of the camelback.
A too much closing causes the wear of the tires on the exterior part of the camelback.
The para llelism is adjustable by rotating the tie bar of the steering connecting rod.
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GENERAL
30 - 17
PRELIMINARY CHECKING
Before c hecking and adjustment of the front a xle ge ometry, pe rform t he followings
operations: * The checking of tires concerning: - dimensions
- air pressure
- the state of wear;
NOTE :
The t ires must be of same t ype, with the same state of wear, ai r pressured at the
prescribed pressure.
*The check of joints: - the wear of e lastic bushings
- the steering ball joints clearance
- the wheels bearings clearance.
NOTE :
The axial clearance of the bearings must be in admissible limits. ESTABLISHING OF THE STEERING CENTRAL POINT
In order to perform a front a xle checking and adjustment, it is ne cessary t o e stablish the
centra l point in order t o avoid measurement errors.
To do that, bring the steering wheel so that device DIR 500 for steering box ra ck
blocking is enteri ng in the orifice placed at its right upper part .
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GENERAL
30 - 18
PRELIMINARY CHECKING
Due to the geometr ic conception of the front axle, the modificati on of one of one-
si de angles (castor, camber, ball joint) has no major impact on the value of other side
angles (the parallelism being the one directly influenced). The m odification of t hese a ngles doe s not oc cur duri ng vehicle exploitation, but onl y as
a consequence of a vehicle accident.
It is import ant to observe the following sequence : - placing the vehicle on rotating plates;
- braked vehicle
- suspension checking for pl acing the vehicle at its free height;
- establishing the steering centra l point and steeri ng box blocking.
- attachment of the optical devices on the vehicle, observing the manufacturer
instructions.
REPARTITION CHECKING AND ADJUSTMENT
Check the “ X” dimension symmetry of
the connecting rods.
Reading of t he “ A” value on the scale.
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GENERAL
30 - 19
C
HECKING OF THE FRONT AXLE ADJUSTMENT
Case 1:
The symmetry dimension “X” is correct-the value “A” is equaled distributed.
Case 2:
The symmetry dimension “X” is i ncorrect-read the value “A” on e ach side, a dds it, and
calculate the avera ge value, establishing the value for each side.
Example:
Right side value : A = 16;
Left side value : A = 10;
16 + 10 = 26; 26 : 2 = 13;
Operating the steering rods tie bar, restore the same value for both sides A = 13.
In this position, lock the rotating plates at zero poi nt.
Check in the following sequence: - camber angle;
- caster a ngle;
- parallelism;
- ball joint angle.
PARALLELISM ADJUSTMENT
Loosen t he l ock nut (1) maintaining the tie
rod of steering connecting rod (2) in a fixed
position.
Act upon t he t ie rod of steering c onnecting
rod taking into account its rotation sense of
in order to obtain the convergence or
divergence and also the fact that one of its
complete rotation leads to an axial
displacement of 1,5 mm.
OBSERVATION
The opening between the wheel’s front
and rear is measured on a F=340 mm .
After obt a ining t he c orre ct pa ra llelism ,
tighten the lock nut at the required moment
of 5 daNm.
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GENERAL
30 - 21
DIAGNOSIS
THE DEVIATION TO THE LEFT OR TO RIGHT AT STABLE SPEED
Pe rform the preliminary checking:
Wheels (front, rear) : Joints clearance:
- pressure - bushings
- dimensions
- types Checking points heights
- balancing - simetri e
A.m.
conditions
are respected
Correct the defi cient
The deviation persists
Checking fi nished
Check the front axle
steering geometry
The deviationpersists
NO
YES
NO
YES
YES
Check the rear axle
parallelism and the alignmentA
Checking fi nished
NO
C HECKING OF THE FRONT AXLE ADJUSTMENT
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