warning FORD E SERIES 2023 Workshop Manual

•Incorrect fuel for climatic conditions.
•Incorrect engine oil viscosity forclimactic conditions.
Note:Some vehicles have a lifetime fuelfilter that is integrated with the fuel tank.Regular maintenance or replacement is notneeded.
Note:If these checks do not help youcorrect the concern, have your vehiclechecked as soon as possible.
Noise Emissions Warranty,Prohibited Tampering Acts andMaintenance
On January 1, 1978, Federal regulationbecame effective governing the noiseemission on trucks over 10,000 lb(4,536 kg) Gross Vehicle Weight Rating(GVWR). The preceding statementsconcerning prohibited tampering acts andmaintenance, and the noise warrantyfound in the Warranty Guide, areapplicable to complete chassis cabs over10,000 lb (4,536 kg) GVWR.
CATALYTIC CONVERTER
WARNING: Do not park, idle ordrive your vehicle on dry grass or otherdry ground cover. The emission systemheats up the engine compartment andexhaust system, creating the risk of fire.
WARNING: The normal operatingtemperature of the exhaust system isvery high. Never work around or attemptto repair any part of the exhaust systemuntil it has cooled. Use special care whenworking around the catalytic converter.The catalytic converter heats up to a veryhigh temperature after only a shortperiod of engine operation and stays hotafter the engine is switched off.
WARNING: Exhaust leaks mayresult in entry of harmful and potentiallylethal fumes into the passengercompartment. If you smell exhaustfumes inside your vehicle, have yourvehicle inspected immediately. Do notdrive if you smell exhaust fumes.
Your vehicle has various emission controlcomponents and a catalytic converter thatenables it to comply with applicableexhaust emission standards.
To make sure that the catalytic converterand other emission control componentscontinue to work properly:
•Do not crank the engine for more than10 seconds at a time.
•Do not run the engine with a spark pluglead disconnected.
•Do not push-start or tow-start yourvehicle. Use booster cables. See JumpStarting the Vehicle (page 143).
•Use only the specified fuel listed.
•Do not switch the ignition off when yourvehicle is moving.
•Avoid running out of fuel.
•Have the items listed in scheduledmaintenance information performedaccording to the specified schedule.
Note:Resulting component damage maynot be covered by the vehicle Warranty.
The scheduled maintenance items listedin scheduled maintenance information areessential to the life and performance ofyour vehicle and to its emissions system.
If you use anything other than Ford,Motorcraft or Ford-authorized parts formaintenance replacements or for serviceof components affecting emission control,such non-Ford parts should be equivalentto genuine Ford Motor Company parts inperformance and durability.
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Illumination of the service engine soonindicator, charging system warning light orthe temperature warning light, fluid leaks,strange odors, smoke or loss of enginepower could indicate that the emissioncontrol system is not working properly.
An improperly operating or damagedexhaust system may allow exhaust toenter the vehicle. Have a damaged orimproperly operating exhaust systeminspected and repaired immediately.
Do not make any unauthorized changes toyour vehicle or engine. By law, vehicleowners and anyone who manufactures,repairs, services, sells, leases, tradesvehicles, or supervises a fleet of vehiclesare not permitted to intentionally removean emission control device or prevent itfrom working. Information about yourvehicle’s emission system is on the VehicleEmission Control Information Decallocated on or near the engine. This decalalso lists engine displacement.
Please consult your warranty informationfor complete details.
On-Board Diagnostics (OBD-II)
Your vehicle has a computer known as theon-board diagnostics system (OBD-II) thatmonitors the engine’s emission controlsystem. The system protects theenvironment by making sure that yourvehicle continues to meet governmentemission standards. The OBD-II systemalso assists a service technician in properlyservicing your vehicle.
When the service engine soonindicator illuminates, the OBD-IIsystem has detected amalfunction. Temporary malfunctions maycause the service engine soon indicator toilluminate. Examples are:
1.Your vehicle has run out of fuel—theengine may misfire or run poorly.
2.Poor fuel quality or water in thefuel—the engine may misfire or runpoorly.
3.The fuel fill inlet may not have closedproperly. See Refueling (page 89).
4.Driving through deep water—theelectrical system may be wet.
You can correct these temporarymalfunctions by filling the fuel tank withgood quality fuel, properly closing the fuelfill inlet or letting the electrical system dryout. After three driving cycles without theseor any other temporary malfunctionspresent, the service engine soon indicatorshould stay off the next time you start theengine. A driving cycle consists of a coldengine startup followed by mixed city andhighway driving. No additional vehicleservice is required.
If the service engine soon indicator remainson, have your vehicle serviced at the firstavailable opportunity. Although somemalfunctions detected by the OBD-II maynot have symptoms that are apparent,continued driving with the service enginesoon indicator on can result in increasedemissions, lower fuel economy, reducedengine and transmission smoothness andlead to more costly repairs.
Readiness for Inspection andMaintenance (I/M) Testing
Some state and provincial and localgovernments may haveInspection/Maintenance (I/M) programsto inspect the emission control equipmenton your vehicle. Failure to pass thisinspection could prevent you from gettinga vehicle registration.
If the service engine soonindicator is on or the bulb doesnot work, your vehicle may needservice. See On-Board Diagnostics.
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AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION
WARNING: Apply the parkingbrake, shift into park (P), switch theignition off and remove the key beforeyou leave your vehicle. Failure to followthis instruction could result in personalinjury or death.
Putting your vehicle in or out ofgear:
1.Fully press down the brake pedal.
2.Move the gearshift lever into thepreferred gear.
3.When you finish driving, come to acomplete stop.
4.Move the gearshift lever and securelylatch it in park (P).
5.Release the brake pedal and thetransmission remains in the selectedgear.
Park (P)
This position locks the transmission andprevents the wheels from turning.
Reverse (R)
With the transmission in reverse (R), yourvehicle moves backward. Always come toa complete stop before shifting into andout of reverse (R).
Neutral (N)
With the transmission in neutral (N), youcan start your vehicle and it is free to roll.Hold the brake pedal down when in thisposition.
Drive (D)
Drive (D) is the normal driving position forthe best fuel economy. The overdrivefunction allows automatic upshifts anddownshifts through gears one through six.
Manual (M)
Moving the gearshift lever to the manual(M) position allows you to manually selectthe gear you prefer. Only the current geardisplays. Use the buttons on the gearshiftlever to manually select gears. Press the+ button to upshift or the – button todownshift. Return the transmission to adifferent gearshift position to deactivatemanual control.
Second (2)
Transmission operates in second (2) gearonly. Use second (2) gear to start-up onslippery roads.
First (1)
•Transmission operates in first (1) gearonly.
•Provides maximum engine braking.
•Allows upshifts by moving gearshiftlever.
•Does not downshift into first (1) gearat high speeds; allows for first (1) gearwhen vehicle reaches slower speeds.
Forced downshifts
•Allowed in drive (D) with the tow/haulfeature on or off.
•Press the accelerator to the floor.
•Allows transmission to select anappropriate gear.
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Tow/Haul Mode
To activate tow/haul, press thebutton on the gearshift lever.The TOW HAUL indicator lightilluminates in the instrument cluster.
The tow/haul feature:
•Delays upshifts to reduce the frequencyof transmission shifting.
•Provides engine braking in all forwardgears, which slows your vehicle andassists you in controlling your vehiclewhen descending a slope.
•Depending on driving conditions andload conditions, may downshift thetransmission, slow your vehicle andcontrol your vehicle speed whendescending a hill, without pressing theaccelerator pedal. The amount ofdownshift braking provided variesbased upon the amount you press thebrake pedal.
The tow/haul feature improvestransmission operation when towing atrailer or a heavy load. All transmissiongear ranges are available when usingtow/haul.
To deactivate the tow/haul feature andreturn to normal driving mode, press thebutton on the gearshift lever again. TheTOW HAUL light deactivates. Tow/haulalso deactivates when you power downyour vehicle.
WARNING: Do not use tow/haulwhen the road surface is slippery. Failureto follow this instruction could result inthe loss of control of your vehicle.
Understanding Your SelectShiftAutomatic™ Transmission
Note:When pressing the button on thegearshift lever, you can cycle through theavailable drive modes.
Your vehicle has a SelectShift Automatic™transmission gearshift lever. TheSelectShift Automatic transmission givesyou the ability to change gears up or downwithout a clutch.
To prevent the engine from running at toolow an RPM, which may cause it to stall,SelectShift still makes some downshiftsif it has determined that you have notdownshifted in time. Although SelectShiftmakes some downshifts for you, it stillallows you to downshift at any time if theSelectShift determines that damage tothe engine does not occur fromover-revving.
SelectShift does not upshift, even if theengine is approaching the RPM limit. Shiftmanually by pressing the + button.
Note:Engine damage may occur if youmaintain excessive engine revving withoutshifting.
SelectShift does not automatically upshift,even if the engine is approaching the RPMlimit. Shift manually by pressing the (+)paddle.
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Progressive Range Selection - PRS
(If Equipped)
Progressive Range Selection gives you theability to lockout gears from the automaticshifting range. This may provide you withan improved driving experience. Forexample, in slippery conditions or whenexperiencing a steep grade.
With the gearshift lever in drive (D), pressthe – button to active PRS. The instrumentcluster indicates the available and selectedgears.
All available gears display with the currentgear indicated. Press the – button again tolock out gears beginning with the highestgear. Example: press the – button twice tolock out 6th and 5th gears. Only theavailable gears display, and thetransmission automatically shifts betweenthe available gears. Press the + button tounlock gears to allow the transmission toshift to higher gears. The transmissionshifts within the gear range you select.
Automatic Transmission at a stop
(If Equipped)
Your transmission could reduce the loadon the engine when the vehicle stops, andthe gear selector is in drive (D) to reducefuel consumption and emissions. Thetransmission resumes operation when yourelease the brake. This feature activateswhen the transmission is sufficientlywarmed, and the vehicle is on a level slope.
Automatic Transmission AdaptiveLearning
This feature may increase durability andprovide consistent shift feel over the lifeof your vehicle. A new vehicle ortransmission may have firm shifts, softshifts, or both. This is normal and does notaffect function or durability of thetransmission. Over time, the adaptivelearning process fully updates transmissionoperation.
Brake-Shift Interlock
WARNING: Do not drive yourvehicle until you verify that thestoplamps are working.
WARNING: When doing thisprocedure, you need to take thetransmission out of park (P) whichmeans your vehicle can roll freely. Toavoid unwanted vehicle movement,always fully apply the parking brake priorto doing this procedure. Use wheelschocks if appropriate.
WARNING: If the parking brake isfully released, but the brake warninglamp remains illuminated, the brakesmay not be working properly. Have yourvehicle checked as soon as possible.
Your vehicle has a brake-shift interlockfeature that prevents the gearshift leverfrom moving from park (P) when theignition is in the 3 (on) position and thebrake pedal is not pressed.
If you cannot move the gearshift lever outof park (P) position with the ignition in the3 (on) position and the brake pedalpressed, a malfunction may have occurred.It is possible that a fuse has blown or yourvehicle’s brake lamps are not operatingproperly. See Fuse Specification Chart(page 152).
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GENERAL INFORMATION
Note: Occasional brake noise is normal. Ifa metal-to-metal, continuous grinding orcontinuous squeal sound is present, thebrake linings may be worn-out, have thesystem checked. If the vehicle hascontinuous vibration or shudder in thesteering wheel while braking, have thesystem checked as soon as possible.
Note: Brake dust may accumulate on thewheels, even under normal drivingconditions. Some dust is inevitable as thebrakes wear and does not contribute tobrake noise. See Cleaning the Wheels(page 186).
See Warning Lamps andIndicators (page 62).
Wet brakes result in reduced brakingefficiency. Gently press the brake pedal afew times when driving from a car wash orstanding water to dry the brakes.
Brake Over Accelerator
In the event the accelerator pedalbecomes stuck or entrapped, apply steadyand firm pressure to the brake pedal toslow the vehicle and reduce engine power.If you experience this condition, apply thebrakes and bring your vehicle to a safestop. Move the transmission to park (P),switch the engine off and apply the parkingbrake. Inspect the accelerator pedal forany interference. If none are found and thecondition persists, have the systemchecked.
Anti-lock Brake System
This system helps you maintain steeringcontrol during emergency stops by keepingthe brakes from locking.
If it illuminates when you aredriving, your vehicle requiresservice. Your vehicle continuesto have normal braking without theanti-lock brake system function. Have yourvehicle checked as soon as possible.
It also momentarily illuminates when youswitch the ignition on to confirm the lampis functional. If it does not illuminate whenyou switch the ignition on, or begins toflash at any time, have the systemchecked.
It illuminates when you engagethe parking brake and theignition is on.
If it illuminates when your vehicleis moving, make sure the parkingbrake is disengaged. If theparking brake is disengaged, this indicateslow brake fluid level or a brake systemfault. Have your vehicle checked as soonas possible.
It also momentarily illuminates when youswitch the ignition on to confirm the lampis functional. If it does not illuminate whenyou switch the ignition on, or begins toflash at any time, have the systemchecked.
Hydraulic brake booster system(Hydroboost or Hydromax)
The Hydroboost and Hydromax systemsreceive fluid pressure from the powersteering pump to provide power assistduring braking.
The Hydromax booster receives backuppressure from the reserve system electricpump whenever the fluid in the powersteering system is not flowing. When theengine is off, the pump turns on if you applythe brake pedal, or if you switch the ignitionto the on position.
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The sound of the pump operating may beheard by the driver. This is a normalcharacteristic of the system.
The reserve system provides reducedbraking power, so the vehicle should beoperated under these conditions withcaution, and only to seek service repair andremoval of the vehicle from the roadway.
Note:For vehicles with the Hydromaxsystem operating under normal conditions,the noise of the fluid flowing through thebooster may be heard whenever you applythe brake. This condition is normal. Vehicleservice is not required.
If braking performance or pedal responsebecomes very poor, even when youstrongly press the pedal, it may indicatethe presence of air in the hydraulic systemor leakage of fluid. Stop your vehicle assoon as it is safe to do so. Have the systemchecked as soon as possible.
HINTS ON DRIVING WITH
ANTI-LOCK BRAKES
The anti-lock brake system does noteliminate the risks when:
•You drive too closely to the vehicle infront of you.
•Your vehicle is hydroplaning.
•You take corners too fast.
•The road surface is poor.
Note: If the system activates, the brakepedal could pulse and may travel further.Maintain pressure on the brake pedal. Youmay also hear a noise from the system. Thisis normal.
PARKING BRAKE
WARNING: Apply the parkingbrake, shift into park (P), switch theignition off and remove the key beforeyou leave your vehicle. Failure to followthis instruction could result in personalinjury or death.
Apply the parking brake whenever you parkyour vehicle.
•For vehicles with a foot operatedparking brake, press the pedal down.
•For vehicles with a hand operatedparking brake, pull the parking brakelever up.
It illuminates when you switchthe ignition on and apply theparking brake. It also illuminatesmomentarily when you switchthe ignition on to confirm thelamp is functional. If it does notilluminate when you switch the ignition onor begins to flash at any time, have thesystem checked by an authorized dealer.
If it illuminates when your vehicle ismoving, make sure you disengage theparking brake.
If the parking brake is disengaged, thisindicates a low brake fluid level or a brakesystem fault. Have your vehicle checkedas soon as possible.
To release the parking brake:
•For vehicles with a foot operatedparking brake, pull the parking brakerelease lever.
•For vehicles with a hand operatedparking brake, push the parking brakelever down.
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HILL START ASSIST
WARNING: The system does notreplace the parking brake. When youleave your vehicle, always apply theparking brake.
WARNING: You must remain inyour vehicle when the system turns on.At all times, you are responsible forcontrolling your vehicle, supervising thesystem and intervening, if required.Failure to take care may result in the lossof control of your vehicle, seriouspersonal injury or death.
WARNING: The system will turnoff if a malfunction is apparent or if yourev the engine excessively. Failure to takecare may result in the loss of control ofyour vehicle, serious personal injury ordeath.
The system makes it easier to pull awaywhen your vehicle is on a slope without theneed to use the parking brake.
When the system is active, your vehicleremains stationary on the slope for two tothree seconds after you release the brakepedal. This allows time to move your footfrom the brake to the accelerator pedal.The system releases the brakesautomatically once the engine hasdeveloped sufficient torque to prevent yourvehicle from rolling down the slope. Thisis an advantage when pulling away on aslope, for example from a car park ramp,traffic lights or when reversing uphill intoa parking space.
The system activates on any slope thatcauses your vehicle to roll.
Note:There is no warning light to indicatethe system is either on or off.
Using Hill Start Assist
1.Press the brake pedal to bring yourvehicle to a complete standstill. Keepthe brake pedal pressed and shift intofirst gear when facing uphill or reverse(R) when facing downhill.
2.If the sensors detect that your vehicleis on a slope, the system activatesautomatically.
3.When you remove your foot from thebrake pedal, your vehicle remains onthe slope without rolling away forabout two to three seconds. This holdtime automatically extends if you arein the process of driving off.
4.Drive off in the normal manner. Thesystem releases the brakesautomatically.
Note:When you remove your foot from thebrake pedal and press the pedal again whenthe system is active, you will experiencesignificantly reduced brake pedal travel. Thisis normal.
Switching the System On and Off
Vehicles with Manual Transmission
You can switch this feature on or off in theinformation display. The systemremembers the last setting when you startyour vehicle.
Vehicles with Automatic Transmission
You cannot turn the system on or off.When you switch the ignition on, thesystem automatically turns on.
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PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
The traction control system helps avoiddrive wheel spin and loss of traction.
If your vehicle begins to slide, the systemapplies the brakes to individual wheelsand, when needed, reduces engine powerat the same time. If the wheels spin whenaccelerating on slippery or loose surfaces,the system reduces engine power in orderto increase traction.
USING TRACTION CONTROL
WARNING: Operating your vehiclewith the traction control disabled couldlead to an increased risk of loss of vehiclecontrol, vehicle rollover, personal injuryand death.
The system automatically turns on eachtime you switch the ignition on.
If your vehicle is stuck in mud or snow,switch traction control off to allow thewheels to spin.
Switching the System Off
The button for the tractioncontrol system is located on theinstrument panel.
When you switch the system off, the TCSoff lamp illuminates in the instrumentcluster.
Use the switch again to return the tractioncontrol system to normal operation.
System Indicator Lights andMessages
The traction control lighttemporarily illuminates onengine start-up and flasheswhen a driving condition activates thesystem.
The traction control off lighttemporarily illuminates onengine start-up and stays onwhen the traction control system isswitched off or a problem occurs in thesystem.
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PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
WARNING: Vehicle modificationsinvolving braking system, aftermarketroof racks, suspension, steering system,tire construction and wheel and tire sizemay change the handling characteristicsof your vehicle and may adversely affectthe performance of the electronicstability control system. In addition,installing any stereo loudspeakers mayinterfere with and adversely affect theelectronic stability control system. Installany aftermarket stereo loudspeaker asfar as possible from the front centerconsole, the tunnel, and the front seatsin order to minimize the risk of interferingwith the electronic stability controlsensors. Reducing the effectiveness ofthe electronic stability control systemcould lead to an increased risk of loss ofvehicle control, vehicle rollover, personalinjury and death.
WARNING: Remember that evenadvanced technology cannot defy thelaws of physics. It’s always possible tolose control of a vehicle due toinappropriate driver input for theconditions. Aggressive driving on anyroad condition can cause you to losecontrol of your vehicle increasing the riskof personal injury or property damage.Activation of the electronic stabilitycontrol system is an indication that atleast some of the tires have exceededtheir ability to grip the road; this couldreduce the operator’s ability to controlthe vehicle potentially resulting in a lossof vehicle control, vehicle rollover,personal injury and death. If yourelectronic stability control systemactivates, SLOW DOWN.
The system automatically turns on eachtime you switch the ignition on.
If a fault occurs in either the stabilitycontrol or the traction control system, youmay experience the following conditions:
•The stability and traction control lightilluminates steadily.
•The stability control and tractioncontrol systems do not enhance yourvehicle's ability to maintain traction ofthe wheels.
If a driving condition activates either thestability control or the traction controlsystem you may experience the followingconditions:
•The stability and traction control lightflashes.
•Your vehicle slows down.
•Reduced engine power.
•A vibration in the brake pedal.
•The brake pedal is stiffer than usual.
•If the driving condition is severe andyour foot is not on the brake, the brakepedal may move as the system applieshigher brake force.
The stability control system has severalfeatures built into it to help you maintaincontrol of your vehicle:
Electronic Stability Control
The system enhances your vehicle’s abilityto prevent skids or lateral slides byapplying brakes to one or more of thewheels individually and, if necessary,reducing engine power.
Traction Control
The system enhances your vehicle’s abilityto maintain traction of the wheels bydetecting and controlling wheel spin. SeeUsing Traction Control (page 103).
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