suspension FORD FIESTA 2007 Manual Online

211 -00-5 Steering System - General Information 211 -00-5
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING
Steering System
/ Special Tool(s)
Alignment Pins, Subframe
205-524
Simulator, Driver and
passenger ~ir Bags and Side
Air Curtains 50
1 -073A
General Eaui~ment
I Worldwide Diagnostic System (WDS) I
Principles of Operation
The steering wheel rotational movement is
transferred to the steering gear through the steering
column shaft. The steering gear converts this
rotational movement, through the action of the rack
and pinion gear into lateral movement. This
movement in turn is transferred to the wheel
knuckles through the tie-rods and tie-rod ends.
Hydraulic fluid under pressure is supplied to the
steering gear by the power steering pump. As the
steering wheel is rotated, the hydraulic fluid is
allowed to pass through the steering gear valve to
one side of a double acting piston, dependent on
which direction the steering wheel is rotated. The
fluid moves the piston, which forms part of the
steering gear, giving power assistance to the effort
required to rotate the steering wheel.
Vehicles with petrol engines, due to the extra load
on the engine imposed by the power steering
pump, have a power steering pressure (PSP)
switch. The switch, which is normally closed, sends a signal
to the powertrain control module (PCM)
during low speed parking manoeuvres. The PCM
responds by maintaining the engine idle speed.
lnspection and Verification
1. Verify the customer concern.
2. Visually inspect for obvious signs of mechanical
or electrical damage.
Visual lnspection Chart
I Mechanical I Electrical I
Tire pressure(s)
Accessory drive belt
Tie-rod ends
Tie-rod (s)
Steering gear housing
Front strut and
spring assemblies
Front suspension
lower arm ball joints
Front suspension
lower arm bushings
Pinch bolt on
steering column
shaft flexible coup-
ling Power
steering pres-
sure (PSP) switch
Wheels and tires
Power steering line
fluid leaks
Steering gear
bellows
3. If an obvious cause for an observed or reported
concern is found, correct the cause (if possible)
before proceeding to the next step.
4. If the cause is not visually evident, verify the
symptom and refer to the Symptom Chart.
Symptom Chart
Symptom Possible Sources Action
Drift left or right
2006.0 Fiesta 1212006 Gl49906en
Vehicle attitude incorrect (front
or rear is high or low). CHECK for abnormal loading,
coil spring sag or non-standard
springs.
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211 -00-6 Steering System = General Information 21 1 =OO-6
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING
Symptom Possible Sources Action
lncorrect wheel alignment. CHECK the wheel alignment
and adjust if necessary.
REFER to: (204-00 Suspension
System
- General Information) r
Specifications (Specifications), Front Toe Adjustment (General
Procedures).
lncorrect front axle cross-
member alignment.
Using the special tool, CHECK
the front axle crossmember
alignment.
Damaged or worn front wheel
bearings. CHECK and INSTALL new
front wheel bearings as neces-
sary.
REFER to: Front Wheel
Bearing (204-01 Front
Suspension, Removal and
Installation).
I CHECK the brake system. I
REFER to: Brake System (206-
00 Brake System
- General
Information, Diagnosis and
Testing).
CARRY OUT the steering
linkage component test.
REFER to Steering Linkage
Component Test in this
procedure.
CARRY OUT the steering
linkage component test.
REFER to Steering Linkage
Component Test in this
procedure.
Wheels and tires. I CHECK the wheels and tires. I
REFER to: Wheels and Tires
(204-04 Wheels and Tires,
Diagnosis and Testing).
Steering wheel 'off center Vehicle attitude incorrect (front
or rear is high or low). CHECK
for abnormal loading,
coil spring sag or non-standard
springs.
lncorrect wheel alignment. CHECK
the wheel alignment
and adjust if necessary.
REFER to: (204-00 Suspension
System
- General Information)
Specifications (Specifications),
Front Toe Adjustment (General
Procedures).
2006.0 Fiesta 1212006 GI 49906en
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21 1-00-7 Steering System - General Information 21 1-00-7
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING
Symptom
Vibration
Possible Sources Action
Front suspension lower arm
ball joint. CHECK
and INSTALL new
suspension components as
necessary.
REFER to: Suspension System
(204-00 Suspension System
- General Information,
Diagnosis and Testing).
Steering linkage. CARRY OUT the steering
linkage component test. REFER to Steering Linkage
Component Test in this
procedure.
Steering gear. CARRY OUT the steering
linkage component test. REFER to Steering Linkage
Component Test in this
procedure.
Incorrect wheel alignment. CHECK the wheel alignment
and adjust if necessary.
REFER to: (204-00 Suspension
System
- General Information)
Specifications (Specifications), Front Toe Adjustment (General
Procedures).
Wheels and tires.
CHECK the wheels and tires.
BALANCE or INSTALL new
wheels and tires as necessary.
REFER to: Wheel and Tire
(204-04 Wheels and Tires,
Removal and
Installation).
Damaged or worn front wheel
bearings. CHECK
and INSTALL new
front wheel bearings as neces-
sary.
REFER to: Front Wheel
Bearing
(204-01 Front
Suspension, Removal and
Installation).
Front strut and spring assem-
blies. CHECK
and INSTALL new
suspension components as
necessary.
REFER to: Suspension System
(204-00 Suspension System
- General Information,
Diagnosis and Testing).
2006.0 Fiesta 1212006 GI 49906en
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21 1-00-8 Steering System - General Information 21 1-00-8
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING
Symptom
Possible Sources Action
Damaged front suspension
lower arm(s).
CHECK and INSTALL new
suspension components as
necessary.
REFER to: Suspension System
(204-00 Suspension System
- General Information,
Diagnosis and Testing).
CARRY OUT the steering
linkage component test.
REFER to Steering Linkage
Component Test in this
procedure.
Steering effort is highllow Loose or worn accessory drive
belt.
CHECK the accessory drive
belt. REFER to: (303-05
Accessory Drive)
Power Steering Pump
Belt -
1.4L Duratec-1 6V
(Sigma)ll .6L Duratec-1 6V
(Sigma), Vehicles With: Air
Conditioning
(Removal and
Installation),
Accessory Drive Belt - 1.3L
Du ratec-8V (Rocam)
(Removal and lnstallation),
Accessory Drive Belt - I .4L
Duratec-I 6V
(Sigma)ll.6L
Duratec-1 6V (Sigma),
Vehicles Without: Air Condi-
tioning
(Removal and Installa-
tion),
Accessory Drive
Belt - 1.4L
Duratorq-TDCi (DV) Diesel
(Removal and lnstallation),
Accessory Drive Belt - 2.OL
Duratec-H E (M 14) (Removal
and lnstallation).
2006.0 Fiesta 1212006 GI 49906en
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21 1 -00-1 3 Steering System - General Information 211-00-13
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING
Steering does not vary with
increased wheel rotation Possible Sources
Action
Loose steering gear retaining
bolts.
CHECK and INSTALL new
steering gear retaining bolts as
necessary.
REFER to: Specifications
(21 1 -
02 Power Steering, Specifica-
tions).
Worn power steering pump. INSTALL
a new power steering
pump. REFER to:
(21 1-02
Power Steering)
Power Steering Pump
- I .3L
Duratec-8V
(Rocam)
(Removal and lnstallation),
Power Steering Pump
- I .25L
Duratec-16V (Sigma)/l.4L
Duratec-1 6V (Sigma)/l .6L
Duratec-1
6V (Sigma),
Vehicles With: Air Condi-
tioning (Removal and Installa-
tion),
Power Steering Pump
- 1.25L
Duratec-I 6V (Sigma)/l.4L
Duratec-I 6V (Sigma)/l.GL
Duratec-I 6V (Sigma),
Vehicles Without: Air Condi-
tioning (Removal and Installa-
tion),
Power Steering Pump
- 1.4L
Duratorq-TDCi (DV) Diesel
(Removal and lnstallation),
Power Steering Pump
- 2.OL
Duratec-HE (M14) (Removal
and lnstallation).
Worn tie-rod. CARRY
OUT the tie-rod
component test. REFER to Tie-
Rod Component Test in this
procedure.
Worn tie-rod ends. INSTALL new
components as
necessary.
REFER to: Tie Rod End
(21 1-
03 Steering Linkage, Removal and Installation).
Worn front suspension bush-
ings. CHECK and INSTALL new
components as necessary.
REFER to: Suspension System
(204-00 Suspension System
- General Information,
Diagnosis and Testing).
2006.0 Fiesta 1212006 GI 49906en
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211 -00-14 Steering System - General Information 21 1-00-1 4
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING
Symptom
Engine stalls when parking with
engine speed at idle Possible
Sources Action
I Worn front suspension lower 1. CARRY OUT the suspension f-
ball joint inspection component'
test.
REFER to: Suspension System
(204-00 Suspension System
- General Information,
Diagnosis and Testing).
Steering gear bushings worn
or perished. CHECK
and INSTALL new
components as necessary.
REFER to: Steering Gear
Bushing (21 1-02 Power
Steering, Removal and
Installation).
Loose steering gear retaining
bolts. CHECK and INSTALL new
steering gear retaining bolts as
necessary.
REFER to: Specifications (21 1
-
02 Power Steering, specifica-
tions).
Loose steering column retaining bolts.
CHECK and INSTALL new
steering column retaining bolts as necessary.
REFER to: Specifications (21 1
-
04 Steering Column,
Specifications).
Loose steering column to
steering gear pinion retaining bolt. CHECK
and INSTALL a new
steering column to steering
gear pinion retaining bolt as
necessary.
REFER to: Specifications (21 1
-
02 Power Steering, specifica-
tions).
I Excessive steering gear back-
lash. CARRY
OUT the steering
linkage component test.
REFER to Steering Linkage
Component Test in this
procedure.
Power steering pressure (PSP)
or additional information, refer
switch or circuit.
1. I to WDS.
Components Tests
Steering Linkage
column bearing wear, steering column universal
joint free play, steering wheel or steering column
looseness. The steering column cannot be
repaired. Install a new steering column.
('- .,
1. Grasp the steering wheel firmly and move it up REFER to: Steering Column
(21 1-04 Steering "'
and down and to the left and right without Column, Removal and Installation).
turning the steering wheel, to check for steering
2006.0 Fiesta 1212006 Gl49906en
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21 1-00-1 5 Steering System - General Information 21 I -00-1 5
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING
2. With the road wheels in the straight ahead
position, gently turn the steering wheel to the
1 left and the right to check free play in the
steering linkage.
3. There should be no excessive free play at the
steering wheel rim. If there is excessive free
play, CHECK the tie-rod inner and outer ball
joints, REFER to Tie-Rod Component Test in
this procedure. CHECK the steering column
universal joint, REFER to Steering Column
Universal Joint Component Test in this
procedure. If there is no free play in the tie-rod
and the steering column, install a new steering
gear.
REFER to: Steering Gear (211-02 Power
Steering, Removal and installation).
Tie-Rod
A CAUTI0N:The steering gear boots must be
handled carefully to avoid damage. Use
new steering gear boot clamps when
installing the steering gear boots.
N0TE:Noises such as knocks, which may appear
to originate from the steering linkage, may also be
( , generated by front suspension components.
1. Raise and support the vehicle. REFER to:
(1 00-02 Jacking and Lifting)
Jacking (Description and Operation),
Lifting (Description and Operation).
3m ACAUTION:T~ prevent damage to the
steering linkage, turn the steering wheel to move the steering linkage to the steering
lock stop.
Turn the steering wheel to position the steering
linkage against the right-hand steering lock stop.
4. N0TE:To isolate the steering gear design
clearance, check the right-hand tie-rod with
the steering held against the right-hand
steering lock stop.
With the aid of another technician holding the
steering against the right-hand steering lock
stop, firmly grasp the right-hand road wheel and
apply a rocking motion to check for any free play
in the tie-rod.
5. Detach the steering gear boot from the steering
gear body and check for free play at the tie-rod
inner ball joint.
2. Firmly grasp the road wheel and apply a rocking 6. If there is free play at the tie-rod inner ball joint,
motion to check for any free play in the wheel
install a new tie-rod.
bearing or suspension components.
REFER to: Tie Rod (211-03 Steering Linkage,
Removal and installation).
7. If there is free play at the tie-rod end, install a
new tie-rod end.
REFER to: Tie Rod End (21 1-03 Steering
Linkage, Removal and Installation).
2006.0 Fiesta 1212006 GI 49906en
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21 1-00-1 6 Steering System - General Information 21 I -00-1 6
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING
8m ACAUTION:T~ prevent damage to the
steering linkage, turn the steering wheel to
move the steering linkage to the steering
lock stop.
Turn the steering wheel to position the steering
linkage against the left-hand steering lock stop.
9. N0TE:To isolate the steering gear design
'clearance, check the left-hand
tiemrod with
the steering held against the left-hand
steering lock stop.
With the aid of another technician holding the
steering against the left-hand steering lock stop,
firmly grasp the left-hand road wheel and apply
a rocking motion to check for any free play in
the tie-rod.
IQ Detach the steering gear boot from the steering
gear body and check for free play at the tie-rod
inner ball joint.
11. If there is free play at the tie-rod inner ball joint,
install a new tie-rod.
REFER to: Tie Rod (211-03 Steering Linkage,
Removal and lnstallation).
I2 If there is free play at the tie-rod end, install a
new tie-rod end.
REFER to: Tie Rod End (21 1-03 Steering
Linkage, Removal and lnstallation).
Turning Effort Test
N0TE:Before carrying out this test, make sure that
the suspension components are serviceable.
N0TE:Before carrying out this test, make sure that
the steering column is serviceable.
N0TE:Before carrying out this test, make sure that
the front toe adjustment and tire pressures are
correct. 1.
Park the vehicle on a dry, even surface and
apply the parking brake.
/- ,
2. Remove the driver air bag module.
REFER to: Driver Air Bag Module (501 -20
Supplemental Restraint System, Removal and
Installation).
3. Remove the driver air bag module wiring
harness from the driver air bag module.
REFER to: Driver Air Bag Module Wiring
Harness (501 -20 Supplemental Restraint
System, Removal and Installation).
4. Connect the driver air bag module wiring
harness to the clockspring.
5. Connect the air bag simulators to the driver air
bag module wiring harness in place of the driver
air bag module at the top of the steering column.
6. Start the engine and turn the steering wheel
from lock to lock several times until the power
steering fluid has reached normal operating
temperature.
7. Using a suitable torque wrench and socket,
check the steering wheel turning effort.
8. If the steering wheel turning effort is greater than
the specification, install a new power steering -
pump. REFER to: i
Specifications (21 1-00 Steering System -
General Information, Specifications),
Power Steering Pump
- I .3L Duratec-8V
(Rocam) (21 1-02 Power Steering, Removal
and lnstallation),
Power Steering Pump
- 1.25L Duratec-1 6V
(Sigma)/l.4L Duratec-1 6V (Sigma)/l .6L
Duratec-l6V (Sigma), Vehicles With: Air
Conditioning (21 1-02 Power Steering,
Removal and lnstallation),
Power Steering Pump
- I .25L Duratec-I 6V
(Sigma)/l.4L Duratec-1 6V (Sigma)/l .6L
Duratec-I 6V (Sigma), Vehicles Without: Air
Conditioning (21 1-02 Power Steering, Removal and lnstallation),
Power Steering Pump
- 1.4L Duratorq-TDCi
(DV) Diesel (21 1-02 Power Steering, Removal
and lnstallation),
Power Steering Pump
- 2.OL Duratec-HE (M14)
(21 1-02 Power Steering, Removal and
Installation).
Disconnect the air bag simulators from the driver
air bag module wiring harness.
//
IQ Disconnect the driver air bag module wiring i,,.
harness from the clockspring.
2006.0 Fiesta 1212006 GI 49906en
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211 -02-45 Power Steering 21 1-02-45
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION
Attach the tie-rod end to the wheel knuckle 21. Install the wheels and tires.
on both sides.
For additional information, refer to: Wheel
and Tire (204-04 Wheels and Tires,
Removal and Installation).
22m AwARNING:~~~~~~~ a new steering column
to steering gear pinion retaining bolt.
Failure to follow this instruction may result
in personal injury.
19.
N0TE:Use a 5mm Allen key to prevent the
stabilizer bar connecting link ball joint stud
from rotating.
Attach the stabilizer bar connecting link to
the stabilizer bar on both sides. Attach
the steering column shaft to the
steering gear pinion.
23. Fill and bleed the power steering system.
For additional information, refer to: (211 -00
Steering System
- General Information)
Power Steering System Filling (General
Procedures),
Power Steering System Filling
- I .6L
Duratorq-TDCi (DV) Diesel (General
Procedures),
Power Steering System Bleeding (General
20.
N0TE:Make sure that the collar on the hose Procedures),
is inserted fully into the quick release Power Steering System
Bleeding - 1.6L
coupling. Duratorq-TDCi (DV) Diesel (General
Procedures).
Connect the power steering fluid reservoir
return hose quick release coupling. 24.
Check the toe setting and adjust as
necessary. For additional information, refer
to: (204-00 Suspension System
- General
Information)
Specifications (Specifications),
Front Toe Adjustment (General Procedures).
2006.0 Fiesta 1212006 GI 05648en
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21 1 -02-49 Power Steering 21 I -02-49
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION
Steering Gear Bushing
/ I
Special Tool(s) 3. Using the special tools remove the steering
( 'Removal
1. Remove the steering gear.
For additional information, refer to Steering
Gear in this section.
2. CAUTIONS:
A~ake sure vise jaw protectors are used.
hamp the steering gear reinforcement
boss. Do not clamp the steering gear body.
Secure the steering gear in a vise.
Materials
3. Install the
steering gear.
gear
insulator bushing on both sides.
Installation
14037
1. Lubricate the steering bushing with Rubber
For additional information, refer to Steering
Gear in this section.
Installer, Wheel Hub
204-1 48 (1 4-037)
Removerllnstaller, Pivot
Bushing
205-297 (1 5-086)
2006.0 Fiesta 1212006 G91973en
Name Specification Suspension Insulator Lubricant prior to
installation.
2. Using the special tools install the steering
Rubber Suspension
Insulator Lubricant
gear insulator bushing on both sides.
E25J-I 9553-A
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